A controllable ball throwing device for temporary blocking of biological knots

Abstract

The present invention discloses a controllable ball thrower for temporary blocking balls of biological knots, which mainly includes a spiral rod, an outer shell, an inner shell, a nut, a bottom plate, a base, an "L"-shaped frustum, a diverter cap, a rotating shaft, a bushing, a gear, and a gland. The outer shell and the inner shell form a plurality of evenly distributed guide grooves; the spiral rod formed by spiral ribs spirally wound along the spiral axis and the guide grooves can form a ball chamber; the diverter cap and the upper part of the outer shell form a ball storage cavity to store the temporary blocking balls to be released; the temporary blocking balls roll from the diverter cap into the small ball chamber, and then move forward along the guide groove as the spiral rod rotates; the maximum spacing between the "L"-shaped frustum and the ball hole of the bottom plate is less than the diameter of the temporary blocking ball, and the ball shell of the temporary blocking ball is squeezed and broken under the rotation of the spiral ribs. The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the diverter seat is designed to form a ball storage cavity to store a large number of temporary blocking balls; the inner shell and the spiral rod are designed to realize the sequential release of temporary blocking balls; the "L"-shaped frustum is designed to realize the squeezing and breaking of the outer shell of the temporary blocking ball.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a controllable ball throwing device for temporary blocking of biological knots, belonging to the field of oil and gas development. Background Art

[0002] In the process of completion operation of oil and gas development, multi-stage fracturing technology is required. In the past, the technology was to use bridge plugs to divide the layers. However, with the continuous exploitation of shale gas, the number of casing deformation wells has continued to increase, even as high as 50%. When the casing deformation is too large, the bridge plug cannot be sent to the predetermined position, resulting in the inability to effectively carry out staged fracturing, causing a serious reduction in production. In order to solve the above problems, the bio-knot temporary plugging ball technology has been developed. The bio-knot can be brought into the wellbore using fracturing fluid and plug the holes of the fractured section, so that subsequent fracturing operations can be carried out after temporary plugging.

[0003] The temporary plugging ball throwing operation is to connect a special ball thrower to the fracturing pipeline, start the ball thrower after the pressure test is completed, put the ball into the fracturing pipeline, and bring it into the wellbore through the fracturing fluid. However, there are few types of special temporary plugging ball throwers available, and they have the following defects:

[0004] 1) Publication No.: CN101899968A The ball loading procedure of the ball throwing device is complicated, and temporary blocking balls need to be loaded manually in sequence, and the number of temporary blocking balls loaded is small;

[0005] 2) Publication No.: CN106050210B The pitching device cannot pitch the ball sequentially, there is a temporary ball blocking problem, and the pitching speed cannot be controlled;

[0006] 3) Both of the above-mentioned ball throwing devices can only throw the temporary plugging ball completely into the well, and the biological knot contained in the temporary plugging ball can be released only after the outer shell of the temporary plugging ball melts.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a controllable ball thrower for temporary plugging balls of biological knots to promote the application of temporary plugging balls, solve the problem of inability to perform staged fracturing due to the inability to lower bridge plugs, and thereby increase the production range of a single well. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a controllable ball thrower for temporary blocking balls of biological knots, which is designed with a diverter cap, a spiral rod, an inner shell, and a bottom plate structure. The diverter seat divides the outer shell into a ball storage chamber and a ball throwing chamber, so that a large number of temporary blocking balls can be stored in the ball storage chamber; the outer shell and the inner shell form a plurality of evenly distributed guide grooves, and the temporary blocking balls move along the guide grooves as the spiral rod rotates; an "L"-shaped truncated cone is designed, and the maximum distance between the "L"-shaped truncated cone and the ball hole of the bottom plate is less than the diameter of the temporary blocking ball, so that the shell of the temporary blocking ball is squeezed and broken by the rotation of the spiral ribs.

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A controllable ball thrower for temporary blocking of biological knots, mainly composed of a base, a bottom plate, an "L"-shaped frustum, a spiral rod, a thrust bearing I, an inner shell, an outer shell, a flange, a diverter cap, a rotating shaft, a rotating sealing ring I, a bushing, a bearing end cover, a gear, and a gland; the left and right ends of the base are connected to the high-pressure pipeline through a union joint; the "L"-shaped frustum is axially positioned in the "L"-shaped circular groove of the base by the bottom plate; the outer shell and the bottom plate are axially positioned in the base by flange screws I; the inner shell guide rod is pushed into the outer shell groove from the bottom of the outer shell; the inner cylinder of the spiral rod and the bottom plate are connected to the outer shell groove by the flange screws I ... inner cylinder of the spiral rod and the bottom plate; the inner cylinder of the spiral rod and the bottom plate are connected to the inner cylinder of the spiral rod and the bottom plate; the inner cylinder of the spiral rod and the bottom plate are connected to the inner cylinder of the spiral rod and the bottom plate; the inner cylinder A thrust bearing I is provided between the steps, a bearing II is provided between the screw rod bearing cylinder and the diverter cap, and the screw rod keyway cylinder is connected to the rotating shaft by a symmetrically distributed double key; the diverter cap is fixed to the inner shell by a screw II, and the upper end face of the diverter cap coincides with the lower end face of the rotating shaft; a bearing III and a thrust bearing IV are provided between the rotating shaft and the bushing; the bushing is axially positioned on the outer shell by a nut; the bearing end cover is fixed to the bushing by a screw III, and a felt ring is provided between the bearing end cover and the rotating shaft, and the lower end face of the bearing end cover is pressed against the bearing; the gear is connected to the rotating shaft by a single key; the pressure cover and the rotating shaft are connected by a pin.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the upper bottom hole of the truncated cone side surface 102 of the base is the same as the diameter of the “L”-shaped circular groove circular hole 1011, and the diameter of the lower bottom hole is the same as the diameter of the inner hole of the base.

[0012] Furthermore, 4 to 10 spherical holes are evenly distributed on the bottom plate, the diameter of the inner tangent circle 2011 of the spherical hole is the same as the outer diameter of the spiral rod cylinder, and the diameter of the outer tangent circle 2012 of the spherical hole is the same as the inner diameter of the outer shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner shell is composed of 4 to 10 evenly distributed guide rods, and the number of the guide rods should be equal to the number of the ball holes in the bottom plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the spiral rod is formed by spiral ribs spirally wound along a spiral axis, the winding pitch is 2 to 5 mm greater than the diameter of the temporary blocking ball, and the distance from the outer ring of the spiral rib to the spiral axis is 1.2 to 2.5 times greater than the radius of the temporary blocking ball.

[0015] Furthermore, the diverter cap is evenly distributed with 4 to 10 spherical holes, the number of which should be equal to the number of guide rods of the inner shell, the diameter of the inner tangent circle 901 of the spherical hole is the same as the outer diameter of the spiral shaft, the outer tangent circle 902 of the spherical hole is equal to the inner diameter of the outer shell, the lower sides 904 and 905 of the two spherical holes coincide with the guide rod sides 5011 and 5012 of the inner shell, the side 903 of the diverter cap forms an angle of 135° with the surface 906, and the side 903 and the surface 906 are transitioned with a rounded corner.

[0016] Furthermore, the gland has two round through holes 1701 and 1702. The round through hole 1701 can be used to install a pin, and the round through hole 1702 can be used to install a round shaft for switching to manual mode.

[0017] Furthermore, the minimum diameter formed by the tangent circle between the "L"-shaped frustum and the ball hole in the bottom plate is 3 to 5 mm smaller than the diameter of the temporary blocking ball.

[0018] Furthermore, the nut is provided with a boss, the outer shell is provided with a frustum, and the nut and the outer shell are connected by threads.

[0019] Furthermore, the flange truncated cone is pressed against the outer shell truncated cone, and the outer shell and the base are axially positioned by screws I, and a sealing ring III is provided between the outer shell and the base.

[0020] Furthermore, a step is provided inside the spiral shaft, and the distance between the lower edge 3022 of the spiral rib end and the upper surface 204 of the bottom plate is 0 to 1 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, a rotating sealing ring I is provided between the bushing and the rotating shaft, and an end face sealing ring II is provided between the bushing and the outer shell.

[0022] Beneficial results of the present invention

[0023] 1) The present invention provides a controllable ball thrower for temporary blocking of biological knots, designs a diverter seat, divides the outer shell into a ball storage chamber and a ball throwing chamber, solves the problems of small ball loading quantity and complicated ball loading procedure of the existing device.

[0024] 2) The present invention provides a controllable ball thrower for temporary blocking of biological knots, which is designed with an outer shell, an inner shell and a spiral rod structure. The outer shell and the inner shell form evenly distributed guide grooves, and the temporary blocking balls move forward along the guide grooves as the spiral rod rotates. This solves the problem that the existing device cannot throw balls in sequence and two temporary blocking balls are bridged.

[0025] The present invention provides a controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking balls of biological knots. The designed bottom plate and "L"-shaped frustum can realize squeezing and breaking the ball shell, thus avoiding the problem that the ball shell cannot be opened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A half-section view of the base of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A two-dimensional diagram of the base plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inner housing guide rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A two-dimensional diagram of the diverter cap of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A half-section view of the spiral rod of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a two-dimensional diagram of the gland of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7It is a cross-sectional view of the "L"-shaped truncated cone of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a nut of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a flange of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing end cover of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 is a cross-sectional view of the outer shell of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional view of a controllable ball throwing device for temporarily blocking a biological knot according to the present invention;

[0039] In the figure: 1-base, 2-bottom plate, 3-screw rod, 4-thrust bearing I, 5-inner housing, 6-outer housing, 7-flange, 8-bearing II, 9-diverter cap, 10-rotating shaft, 11-bearing III, 12-rotating sealing ring I, 13-bushing, 14-nut, 15-bearing end cover, 16-gear, 17-pressure cover, 18-felt ring, 19-screw III, 20-thrust bearing IV, 21-sealing ring II, 22-screw I, 23-screw II, 24-sealing ring III, 25-"L" type frustum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments; the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 13The present invention discloses a controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking a bio-knot, which mainly comprises a base (1), a bottom plate (2), an "L"-shaped frustum (25), a spiral rod (3), a thrust bearing I (4), an inner shell (5), an outer shell (6), a flange (7), a flow divider cap (9), a rotating shaft (10), a rotating sealing ring I (12), a bushing (13), a nut (14), a bearing end cover (15), a gear (16), and a pressure cover (17); the left and right ends of the base (1) are The high-pressure pipeline is connected via a union joint; the "L"-shaped truncated cone (25) is axially positioned in the "L"-shaped circular groove (101) of the base (1) by the bottom plate (2); the outer shell (6) and the bottom plate (2) are axially positioned in the base (1) by the flange (7) and screws I (22); the guide rod (501) of the inner shell (5) is pushed into the outer shell groove (601) from the bottom of the outer shell (6); the inner cylinder (306) of the spiral rod (3) and the bottom plate step (20 3), a thrust bearing I (4) is arranged between the spiral rod bearing cylinder (304) and the diverter cap (9), a bearing II (8) is arranged between the spiral rod keyway cylinder (305) and the rotating shaft (9), and the spiral rod keyway cylinder (305) and the rotating shaft (9) are connected by symmetrically distributed double keys; the diverter cap (9) is fixed to the inner housing (5) by screws II (23), and the upper end surface (907) of the diverter cap coincides with the lower end surface (1001) of the rotating shaft; a bearing III (11) and a bearing III (12) are arranged between the rotating shaft (10) and the bushing (13) Thrust bearing IV (20); the bushing (13) is axially positioned on the outer shell (6) by a nut (14); the bearing end cover (15) is fixed to the bushing (12) by a screw III (19), and a felt ring (18) is provided between the bearing end cover (15) and the rotating shaft (10), and the lower end surface (1501) of the bearing end cover (15) presses the thrust bearing IV (20); the gear (16) is connected to the rotating shaft (10) by a single key; the pressure cover (17) is connected to the rotating shaft (10) by a pin.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Turn the nut boss to remove the nut, then take out the bushing, slowly put the temporary plugging ball into the outer shell, then fit the bushing into the outer shell, turn the nut boss to tighten the bushing, connect the left and right ends of the base to the high-pressure pipeline through the union joints, with the inflow of fracturing fluid, the motor rotates to drive the gear to rotate, the gear drives the shaft to rotate through the key connection, and the lower end of the shaft drives the spiral rod to rotate through the double key connection; after the temporary plugging ball is installed in the outer shell, it presses the diverter seat, and with the rotation of the spiral rod, the temporary plugging ball falls into the ball chamber along the ball hole of the diverter seat in turn, The temporary plugging ball entering the ball chamber advances along the guide groove as the spiral rod rotates. When the temporary plugging ball is about to fall out of the ball hole of the bottom plate, the "L"-shaped cone and the ball hole of the bottom plate cooperate to temporarily stop the temporary plugging ball. As the spiral rod rotates, the distance between the lower edge of the end of the spiral rib and the upper surface of the bottom plate gradually decreases, and the lower surface of the spiral rib squeezes the shell of the temporary plugging ball that has been temporarily stopped and squeezes it out of the "L"-shaped cone. The temporary plugging ball after being squeezed is divided into a broken shell and a biological knot, and the two fall into the inner hole of the base along the base cone together, and the fracturing fluid carries the two into the well to cooperate with the fracturing acidizing operation.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] In case of motor or gear failure, which makes it impossible for them to drive the shaft to rotate, you can install a round shaft at the round hole of the gland, switch to manual mode, rotate the round shaft, and the gland will drive the shaft to rotate through the pin shaft to complete the subsequent operations of pushing and squeezing the temporary blocking balls in sequence.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] For special ball throwing technology, the "L"-shaped frustum can be taken out, and the temporary blocking ball can drop directly from the ball hole of the bottom plate into the inner hole of the base, thereby completely throwing the temporary blocking ball into the well.

Claims

1. A controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking a biological knot, mainly comprising a base (1), a bottom plate (2), an "L"-shaped frustum (25), a screw rod (3), a thrust bearing I (4), an inner shell (5), an outer shell (6), a flange (7), a diverter cap (9), a rotating shaft (10), a rotating seal ring I (12), a bushing (13), a nut (14), a bearing end cover (15), a gear (16), and a gland (17); the left and right ends of the base (1) are connected to a high-pressure pipeline through a union joint; the "L"-shaped frustum (25) is axially positioned in the "L"-shaped circular groove (101) of the base (1) by the bottom plate (2) ); the outer shell (6) and the bottom plate (2) are axially positioned in the base (1) by the flange (7) and the screw I (22); the guide rod (501) of the inner shell (5) is pushed into the outer shell groove (601) from the bottom of the outer shell (6); a thrust bearing I (4) is provided between the inner cylinder (306) of the screw rod (3) and the bottom plate step (203); a bearing II (8) is provided between the screw rod bearing cylinder (304) and the diverter cap (9); the screw rod keyway cylinder (305) and the rotating shaft (10) are connected by symmetrically distributed double keys; the diverter cap (9) is fixed to the inner shell (5) by the screw II (23) The upper end face (907) of the diverter cap coincides with the lower end face (1001) of the rotating shaft; a bearing III (11) and a thrust bearing IV (20) are provided between the rotating shaft (10) and the bushing (13); the bushing (13) is axially positioned on the outer shell (6) by a nut (14); the bearing end cover (15) is fixed to the bushing (12) by a screw III (19), and a felt ring (18) is provided between the bearing end cover (15) and the rotating shaft (10); the lower end face (1501) of the bearing end cover (15) presses the thrust bearing IV (20); the gear (16) is connected to the rotating shaft (10) by a single key; the pressure cover (17) and the rotating shaft (10) are connected by The spiral rod (3) is formed by spiral ribs (302) spirally wound along a spiral shaft (301), the winding pitch is 2 to 5 mm greater than the diameter of the temporary blocking ball, and the distance from the outer ring (3021) of the spiral rib to the spiral shaft (301) is 1.2 to 2.5 times greater than the radius of the temporary blocking ball; the minimum diameter formed by the "L"-shaped truncated cone (25) and the tangent circle (2011) in the ball hole of the bottom plate is 3 to 5 mm less than the diameter of the temporary blocking ball; a step (307) is provided inside the spiral shaft (301), and the spacing between the lower edge (3022) of the end of the spiral rib (302) and the upper surface (204) of the bottom plate is 0 to 1 mm.

2. A controllable ball thrower for temporary blocking of biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the upper bottom hole (1021) of the truncated cone side surface (102) of the base (1) is the same as the diameter of the circular hole (1011) of the "L"-shaped circular groove (101), and the diameter of the lower bottom hole (1022) is the same as the diameter of the inner hole (103) of the base.

3. A controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (2) has 4 to 10 spherical holes (201) evenly distributed thereon, the diameter of the inner tangent circle (2011) of the spherical hole being the same as the outer diameter of the spiral shaft (301), and the diameter of the outer tangent circle (2012) of the spherical hole being the same as the inner diameter of the outer shell (6).

4. The controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner shell (5) is composed of 4 to 10 evenly distributed guide rods (501), and the number of the guide rods (501) should be equal to the number of the ball holes (201) of the bottom plate (2).

5. The controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diverter cap (9) has 4 to 10 evenly distributed spherical holes, the number of which should be equal to the number of the guide rods (501), the diameter of the inner tangent circle (901) of the spherical holes is the same as the outer diameter of the screw shaft (301), the outer tangent circle (902) of the spherical holes is equal to the inner diameter of the outer shell, the lower sides (904, 905) of the two spherical holes coincide with the upper sides (5011, 5012) of the guide rod (501) of the inner shell, the side (903) of the diverter cap forms an angle of 135° with the surface (906), and the side (903) and the surface (906) are transitioned by a rounded corner.

6. The controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cover (17) has two round through holes (1701, 1702), the round through hole (1701) is provided with a pin shaft, and the round through hole (1702) is provided with a round shaft, for switching to a manual mode.

7. The controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut (14) is provided with a boss (1401), the outer shell (6) is provided with a round table (602), and the nut (14) and the outer shell (6) are connected by threads.

8. The controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange (7) truncated cone (701) is pressed against the outer shell truncated cone (602) to axially position the outer shell (6) and the base (1) by screws I (22); a sealing ring III (24) is provided between the outer shell (6) and the base (1).

9. The controllable ball thrower for temporarily blocking biological knots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating seal ring I (12) is provided between the bushing (13) and the rotating shaft (10), and an end face seal ring II (21) is provided between the bushing (13) and the outer shell (6).

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