An intelligent control method for an electric vehicle and an intelligent management and control terminal device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent control method for electric vehicles and an intelligent management and control terminal device, which relates to the technical fields of new energy and power control. The method includes the following steps: S1, collect the transformer voltage and transformer current, and calculate the transformer index by using Fourier transform; S2, monitor the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station in real time, evaluate the up and down adjustable active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station in turn, and define the power characteristics; S3, evaluate the required variable power of the electric vehicles based on the power characteristics of the electric vehicles and the charging station; S4, control the charge and discharge terminal, and allocate the variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle. By designing a separated analog module and digital module in a plug-in manner, the present invention can be dynamically expanded according to actual needs, solves the problems of insufficient interface capabilities of existing charging controllers and high transformation and upgrade costs, and improves the support capacity of the station for the operation of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy and power control technology, and in particular to an intelligent control method and an intelligent management and control terminal device for an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global environmental awareness and technological advancement, electric vehicles (EVs) have developed rapidly. Although this trend has brought significant environmental and economic benefits, it has also posed new challenges to the existing power system, especially the distribution network. The large-scale popularization of electric vehicles and their disorderly access to the distribution network will cause a series of technical problems, the most prominent of which include three-phase imbalance in the substation area, voltage quality degradation, and insufficient distribution capacity.

[0003] First, electric vehicle charging is usually random and unbalanced, which can cause significant imbalance in the three-phase load distribution of the distribution network. Specifically, when a large number of electric vehicles are concentrated in a certain phase of a certain area for charging, the load on that phase will be too large, while the load on other phases will be relatively small, resulting in three-phase imbalance. Three-phase imbalance will not only increase the loss of distribution transformers and lines, but also cause overheating and aging of equipment, and may even cause equipment failure, affecting power supply reliability.

[0004] Secondly, the high power input required during the charging process of electric vehicles will cause the voltage fluctuation of the distribution network to increase, which in turn affects the voltage quality. Excessive voltage fluctuation may cause the voltage to drop or rise suddenly, interfering with the normal operation of other electrical equipment. Especially during the peak period of centralized charging of electric vehicles, the voltage fluctuation problem is particularly serious. This not only affects the electricity consumption experience of residential users, but may also cause damage to some industrial equipment that has high requirements for voltage quality.

[0005] In addition, the capacity of the existing distribution network is limited and it is difficult to cope with the rapid growth of electric vehicle charging demand. The initial design of the distribution network did not fully consider the access of large-scale electric vehicle charging loads. Therefore, when the charging load increases rapidly, the problem of insufficient distribution capacity becomes particularly prominent. Once the distribution network load exceeds the designed capacity, it will cause frequent overload tripping, affecting the power supply safety and stability of the entire region.

[0006] At present, in response to the above problems, the existing electric vehicle charging pile control devices have significant deficiencies in interface capabilities and control methods. Traditional charging piles usually only have basic charging control functions, making it difficult to effectively distribute and manage charging loads, and unable to dynamically adjust charging power and time periods to achieve balanced load distribution and stable voltage control. Its single control method is also difficult to adapt to the complex and changeable needs of the power system, and cannot flexibly respond to load changes and voltage fluctuations in the substation. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on this, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide an intelligent control method for electric vehicles and an intelligent management and control terminal device.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent control method for electric vehicles and an intelligent management and control terminal device, and the method includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Collect the transformer voltage and transformer current, and calculate the transformer index by using Fourier transform;

[0010] S2. Monitor the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station in real time, sequentially evaluate the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station, and define the power characteristics;

[0011] S3. Based on the power characteristics of the electric vehicle and the charging station, evaluate the required variable power of the electric vehicle;

[0012] S4. Control the charging and discharging terminal, and distribute the variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle.

[0013] Further, monitoring the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station in real time, sequentially evaluating the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station, and defining the power characteristics includes the following steps:

[0014] S21. Monitor the operating state and planned power curve of the electric vehicle, and evaluate the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicle based on the operating state and planned power curve;

[0015] S22. Sequentially calculate the up and down regulation active power of all adjustable resources in the charging station, where the adjustable resources include adjustable loads, photovoltaic power, and energy storage batteries;

[0016] S23. Integrate the up regulation active power and down regulation active power of all electric vehicles, and define it as the vehicle power characteristic, and integrate the up regulation active power and down regulation active power of all adjustable resources as the adjustable resource power characteristic.

[0017] Further, monitoring the operating state and planned power curve of the electric vehicle, and evaluating the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicle based on the operating state and planned power curve includes the following steps:

[0018] S211. Monitor and record the operating state of the electric vehicle at the current moment, where the operating state includes a discharging state, a standby state, and a charging state;

[0019] S212. Obtain the planned power curve of each electric vehicle, and calculate the up regulation power and down regulation power of a single electric vehicle based on the operating state of each electric vehicle;

[0020] S213. Integrate the upward active power and downward active power of each electric vehicle in the charging station, and calculate the upward active power and downward active power of all electric vehicles through cumulative calculation.

[0021] Further, based on the power characteristics of electric vehicles and charging stations, evaluating the power change required for electric vehicles includes the following steps:

[0022] S31. Based on the vehicle power characteristics and adjustable resource power characteristics, calculate the total upward adjustable active power and total downward adjustable active power in the charging station by adding the upward and downward active powers respectively;

[0023] S32. Obtain the upward power regulation instruction or downward regulation power instruction of the charging station, and calculate the vehicle change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in the regulation.

[0024] Further, the calculation formulas for the upward power regulation instruction and the downward regulation power instruction are respectively:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, UP set represents the upward power control instruction; DP set represents the downward power control instruction; ΔPu max represents the maximum upward power set by the system; ΔPd max represents the maximum downward power set by the system; fu1 represents the starting frequency of the upward adjustment; fu2 represents the cut-off frequency of the upward adjustment; fd1 represents the starting frequency of the downward adjustment; fd2 represents the cut-off frequency of the downward adjustment; k represents the adjustment coefficient.

[0027] Further, obtaining the upward power regulation instruction or downward regulation power instruction of the charging station and calculating the vehicle change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in the regulation includes the following steps:

[0028] S321. If the instruction issued by the charging station is an upward power regulation instruction, calculate the vehicle upward change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in. Among them, the calculation formula for the vehicle upward change power is:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, ΔUPev sum represents the vehicle upward change power; UP sum represents the total upward active power in the charging station; UPev sum represents the upward active power of the electric vehicle; UPld sum represents the upward active power of the adjustable load; UPpv sum represents the upward active power of the photovoltaic; UPbat sum represents the upward active power of the energy storage battery; UPset Indicates an up-regulation power control instruction;

[0031] S322. If the instruction issued by the charging station is a down-regulation power adjustment instruction, calculate the vehicle down-regulation change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in. The formula for calculating the vehicle down-regulation change power is:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, ΔDPev sum Indicates the vehicle up-regulation change power; DP sum Indicates the total up-regulation active power in the charging station; DPev sum Indicates the up-regulation active power of the electric vehicle; DPld sum Indicates the up-regulation active power of the adjustable load; DPpv sum Indicates the up-regulation active power of the photovoltaic; DPbat sum Indicates the up-regulation active power of the energy storage battery; DP set Indicates a down-regulation power control instruction.

[0034] Furthermore, controlling the charging and discharging terminal to distribute the change power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle includes the following steps:

[0035] S41. Use the charging and discharging terminal in the charging station to calculate the up-regulation change power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle, and then perform the change power distribution. The formula for calculating the up-regulation change power is:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, ΔUPev n Indicates the up-regulation change power of the nth charging and discharging terminal; ΔUPev sum Indicates the vehicle up-regulation change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in for adjustment; UPev n Indicates the maximum up-regulation power of the nth electric vehicle; UPev sum Indicates the up-regulation active power of the electric vehicle; SOC n Indicates the current SOC value of the electric vehicle on the nth charging and discharging terminal; E n Indicates the rated capacity of the electric vehicle on the nth charging and discharging terminal; SOC i Indicates the current SOC value of the ith electric vehicle; E n Indicates the rated capacity of the ith electric vehicle; N represents the total number of electric vehicles;

[0038] S42. Use the charging and discharging terminal in the charging station to calculate the down-regulation change power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle, and then perform the change power distribution. The formula for calculating the down-regulation change power is:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, ΔDPev n represents the down-regulation change power of the nth charge and discharge terminal; ΔDPev sum represents the vehicle down-regulation change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in regulation; DPev n represents the maximum down-regulation power of the nth electric vehicle; DPev sum represents the down-regulation active power of the electric vehicle.

[0041] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides an intelligent control method for electric vehicles and an intelligent management and control terminal device. The intelligent management and control terminal device includes: a power supply module, an analog sampling module, a digital quantity module, a bus unit, and a calculation unit. Among them,

[0042] The power supply module is used to convert the 220V power supply into different levels of power available within the device;

[0043] The analog sampling module is used to access the voltage transformer and current transformer signals of the transformer AC interval;

[0044] The digital quantity module is used for obtaining and controlling the switch state;

[0045] The bus unit is used to partition the data bus, IO bus, and power bus according to different signal transmission requirements and function types;

[0046] The calculation unit is used to carry a high-performance on-board processor to realize analog quantity acquisition, IO control, regulation calculation, and control output.

[0047] Furthermore, the analog sampling module, the digital quantity module, the calculation unit are connected to the bus unit through expansion slots, and N analog sampling modules and M digital quantity modules can be accessed, where N≤4 and M≤8.

[0048] Furthermore, the analog sampling module is equipped with secondary side current transformers and voltage transformers on board, converts the accessed signals into AC small signals, and then converts them into DC signals of 0-5V; the digital quantity module uses optocouplers to isolate the input and relays to isolate the output.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By designing separate analog quantity modules and digital quantity modules based on the plug-in method, dynamic expansion can be carried out according to actual needs, solving the problems of insufficient interface capabilities of existing charging controllers and high transformation and upgrade costs. At the same time, in addition to maintaining the conventional charging function, it integrates the discharging of electric vehicles, direct acquisition of transformer information, and real-time calculation and evaluation of adjustable information, enhancing the support capacity of the station for the operation of the power system. It can also interact with the aggregation scheduling platform, execute the operation instructions of the scheduling platform, realize the coordinated control of electric vehicle charging and discharging and the distribution transformer area, improve the power quality of the transformer area, and effectively solve problems such as insufficient capacity of the transformer area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an electric vehicle intelligent control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is a structural topology diagram of an electric vehicle intelligent management and control terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 is an implementation topology diagram of an electric vehicle intelligent management and control terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a control method of an electric vehicle intelligent management and control terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 is a curve graph for generating on-site mode instructions according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0056] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 , which provides an electric vehicle intelligent control method, and the method includes the following steps:

[0058] S1. Collect the transformer voltage and transformer current, and calculate the transformer index using Fourier transform.

[0059] Specifically, the acquisition of the transformer voltage and current needs to be completed through the analog sampling module, and the index quantities of the transformer indicators such as the transformer frequency and active power are obtained after FFT calculation.

[0060] S2. Real-time monitor the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station, evaluate the up and down active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station in turn, and define the power characteristics.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, real-time monitoring of the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station, and sequentially evaluating the up and down active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station, and defining the power characteristics include the following steps:

[0062] S21. Monitor the operating state and planned power curve of the electric vehicle, and evaluate the up and down active power of the electric vehicle based on the operating state and planned power curve.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, monitoring the operating state and planned power curve of the electric vehicle, and evaluating the up and down active power of the electric vehicle based on the operating state and planned power curve include the following steps:

[0064] S211. Monitor and record the operating state of the electric vehicle at the current moment, where the operating state includes the discharging state, the standby state, and the charging state.

[0065] S212. Obtain the planned power curve of each electric vehicle, and calculate the up-regulation power and down-regulation power of a single electric vehicle based on the operating state of each electric vehicle.

[0066] Specifically, the calculation formula for the up-regulation power of a single electric vehicle is:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, P represents the real-time power of the vehicle; P r represents the demand power, P p represents the rated power of the charging pile, P c represents the vehicle scheduling planned power, UPev represents the up-regulation active power of the vehicle; where, P, P r , P p , P c The sign bit represents the direction, positive for charging and negative for discharging.

[0069] The calculation formula for the down-regulation power of a single electric vehicle is:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, DPev represents the down-regulation power of the vehicle, and UP and DP are always positive values.

[0072] S213. Integrate the upward active power and downward active power of each electric vehicle in the charging station, and calculate the upward active power and downward active power of all electric vehicles through cumulative calculation.

[0073] Specifically, the calculation formula for the upward active power is:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, UPev sum represents the upward active power of all electric vehicles in the charging station; N represents the total number of electric vehicles; UP i represents the upward active power of the i-th electric vehicle;

[0076] The calculation formula for the downward active power is:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, DPev sum represents the downward active power of all electric vehicles in the charging station; Dp i represents the downward active power of the i-th electric vehicle.

[0079] S22. Calculate the upward and downward active power of all adjustable resources in the charging station in sequence. Among them, the adjustable resources include adjustable loads, photovoltaic power, and energy storage batteries.

[0080] Specifically, the calculation formula for the upward and downward active power of the adjustable load is:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, UPld sum represents the total upward active power of the adjustable load; DPld sum represents the total downward active power of the load; N represents the number of adjustable loads; P i represents the current power value of the i-th adjustable load; PNmin i represents the minimum allowable power value of the i-th adjustable load; PNmax i represents the maximum allowable power value of the i-th load.

[0083] The calculation formula for the upward and downward active power of the photovoltaic power is:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, UPpv sum represents the total upward adjustable active power of the photovoltaic power; DPpv sum represents the total downward adjustable active power of the photovoltaic power; N represents the number of adjustable photovoltaics; P i represents the power generation power of the i-th photovoltaic; PNi represents the rated power of the i-th photovoltaic; PL i represents the maximum power generation of the i-th photovoltaic before limitation.

[0086] The calculation formula for the active power of the energy storage battery for upward and downward regulation is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, UPbat sum represents the total active power that the energy storage battery can be adjusted upward; DPbat sum represents the total active power that the energy storage battery can be adjusted downward; N represents the number of adjustable energy storage batteries; UPbat i represents the active power that the i-th battery can be adjusted upward; DPbat i represents the active power that the i-th battery can be adjusted downward.

[0089] In addition, the calculation formula for the active power that a single energy storage battery can be adjusted upward and downward is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula, UPbat represents the active power that a single energy storage battery can be adjusted upward; DPbat represents the active power that a single energy storage battery can be adjusted downward; P represents the actual power of the energy storage battery; P N represents the rated power of the energy storage battery; P c represents the power of the battery planned curve; S represents the operating state of the energy storage battery (S = -1 represents discharging; S = 0 represents standby; S = 1 represents charging). Among them, the sign bits of P, P N , P c represent the direction: charging is negative and discharging is positive.

[0092] S23. Integrate the upward active power and downward active power of all electric vehicles, define it as the vehicle power characteristic, and integrate the upward active power and downward active power of all adjustable resources as the adjustable resource power characteristic.

[0093] S3. Based on the power characteristics of electric vehicles and charging stations, evaluate the required power change of electric vehicles.

[0094] In the description of the present invention, based on the power characteristics of electric vehicles and charging stations, evaluating the required power change of electric vehicles includes the following steps:

[0095] S31. Based on the vehicle power characteristic and the adjustable resource power characteristic, calculate by adding the upward and downward active powers respectively to obtain the total upward active power and total downward active power that can be adjusted in the charging station.

[0096] Among them, the calculation formulas for the total upward active power and total downward active power that can be adjusted in the charging station are:

[0097] UP sum = UPev sum + UPld sum + UPpv sum + UPbat sum

[0098] DP sum = DPev sum + DPld sum + DPpv sum + DPbat sum

[0099] In the formula, UP sum represents the total adjustable upward active power in the charging station; UPev sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the electric vehicle; UPld sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the adjustable load; UPpv sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the photovoltaic; UPbat sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the energy storage battery; DP sum represents the total adjustable downward active power in the charging station; DPev sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the electric vehicle; DPld sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the adjustable load; DPpv sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the photovoltaic; DPbat sum represents the adjustable upward active power of the energy storage battery.

[0100] S32. Obtain the upward power regulation command or downward regulation power command of the charging station, and calculate the vehicle change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in the regulation.

[0101] Among them, the upward change power command and the downward power change command can be calculated and generated by the intelligent control terminal device according to information such as the sampled grid frequency, built-in regulation coefficient, and maximum regulation amount.

[0102] In the description of the present invention, the calculation formulas for the upward power regulation command and the downward regulation power command are respectively:

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] In the formula, UP set represents the upward power control command; DP set represents the downward power control command; ΔPu max represents the maximum upward power set by the system; ΔPd maxIt represents the maximum power reduction set by the system; fu1 represents the starting frequency of power increase; fu2 represents the cut-off frequency of power increase; fd1 represents the starting frequency of power reduction; fd2 represents the cut-off frequency of power reduction; k represents the adjustment coefficient.

[0106] In the description of the present invention, obtaining the power increase adjustment instruction or power reduction adjustment instruction of the charging station and calculating the vehicle change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in the adjustment includes the following steps:

[0107] S321. If the instruction issued by the charging station is a power increase adjustment instruction, calculate the vehicle power increase change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in. Among them, the calculation formula for the vehicle power increase change power is:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, ΔUPev sum represents the vehicle power increase change power; UP sum represents the total active power increase in the charging station; UPev sum represents the active power increase of the electric vehicle; UPld sum represents the active power increase of the adjustable load; UPpv sum represents the active power increase of the photovoltaic; UPbat sum represents the active power increase of the energy storage battery; UP set represents the power increase control instruction.

[0110] S322. If the instruction issued by the charging station is a power reduction adjustment instruction, calculate the vehicle power reduction change power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in. Among them, the calculation formula for the vehicle power reduction change power is:

[0111]

[0112] In the formula, ΔDPev sum represents the vehicle power increase change power; DP sum represents the total active power increase in the charging station; DPev sum represents the active power increase of the electric vehicle; DPld sum represents the active power increase of the adjustable load; DPpv sum represents the active power increase of the photovoltaic; DPbat sum represents the active power increase of the energy storage battery; DP set represents the power reduction control instruction.

[0113] S4. Control the charging and discharging terminal to allocate the change power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle.

[0114] In the description of the present invention, controlling the charging and discharging terminal and allocating the variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle includes the following steps:

[0115] S41. Using the charging and discharging terminal in the charging station, calculating the upward variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle, and then performing variable power allocation. The formula for calculating the upward variable power is as follows:

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, ΔUPev n represents the upward variable power of the nth charging and discharging terminal; ΔUPev sum represents the upward variable power of the vehicle that the electric vehicle needs to participate in regulation; UPev n represents the maximum upward power of the nth electric vehicle; UPev sum represents the upward active power of the electric vehicle; SOC n represents the current SOC value of the electric vehicle on the nth charging and discharging terminal; E n represents the rated capacity of the electric vehicle on the nth charging and discharging terminal; SOC i represents the current SOC value of the ith electric vehicle; E n represents the rated capacity of the ith electric vehicle; N represents the total number of electric vehicles.

[0118] S42. Using the charging and discharging terminal in the charging station, calculating the downward variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle, and then performing variable power allocation. The formula for calculating the downward variable power is as follows:

[0119]

[0120] In the formula, ΔDPev n represents the downward variable power of the nth charging and discharging terminal; ΔDPev sum represents the downward variable power of the vehicle that the electric vehicle needs to participate in regulation; DPev n represents the maximum downward power of the nth electric vehicle; DPev sum represents the downward active power of the electric vehicle.

[0121] Please refer to Figures 2 - 5 , and there is also provided an intelligent control method for an electric vehicle and an intelligent management and control terminal device. The intelligent management and control terminal device includes: a power supply module, an analog sampling module, a digital quantity module, a bus unit, and a calculation unit.

[0122] The power supply module is used to convert the 220V power supply into different levels of power available within the device.

[0123] The analog sampling module is used to access the signals of the voltage transformer and current transformer in the AC interval of the transformer.

[0124] The digital quantity module is used for obtaining and controlling the switch state.

[0125] The bus unit is used to partition the data bus, IO bus, and power bus according to different signal transmission requirements and functional types.

[0126] The calculation unit is used to carry a high-performance on-board processor to achieve analog quantity acquisition, IO control, adjustment calculation, and control output.

[0127] In the description of the present invention, the analog sampling module, digital quantity module, calculation unit, and bus unit are connected through expansion slots, and N analog sampling modules and M digital quantity modules can be accessed, where N ≤ 4 and M ≤ 8.

[0128] In the description of the present invention, the analog sampling module is equipped with secondary-side current transformers and voltage transformers on board, and the accessed signals are converted into AC small signals, and then converted into DC signals of 0 - 5V after passing through conditioning, setting, and filtering circuits.

[0129] The digital quantity module uses optocouplers to isolate the input and relays to isolate the output.

[0130] The calculation unit is equipped with a multi-core high-performance CPU on board, provides interfaces such as RS232, RS485, CAN, and Ethernet externally, and performs on-site real-time scheduling control based on the information obtained through direct acquisition, communication, etc.

[0131] The bus unit, according to the signal transmission requirements and functional types, is equipped with three types of IO bus, data bus, and power bus on board. It uses a 96-pin European socket as the connection method with the analog sampling module, digital quantity module, and calculation unit. The bus board is installed with male connectors, and other module units are installed with female connectors; 4 analog quantity sampling slots and 8 digital quantity slots are designed and arranged on the board.

[0132] As Figure 3 shown is an embodiment of the intelligent control terminal. In as Figure 3 shown, the embodiment includes a mandatory intelligent control terminal and at least one charge and discharge cabinet. Among them, at least one charge and discharge cabinet can form a charge and discharge station.

[0133] Among them, each charge and discharge cabinet is used to achieve power conversion between the electric vehicle in the charge and discharge state and the AC bus. The charging cabinet should contain at least one gun head to achieve connection with the electric vehicle. The form of the charge and discharge cabinet is not limited to split type, centralized type and single pile type. The primary input end of each charge and discharge cabinet is connected to the system AC bus, and the output end of each charge and discharge cabinet is connected to the electric vehicle to be controlled. A primary side current transformer is installed at the system incoming line, and the converted small signal is connected to the analog sampling module of the intelligent control terminal. The switch state signal and switch control signal between the AC bus and the charge and discharge cabinet are connected to the digital quantity module of the intelligent control terminal. Each charge and discharge cabinet is connected to the CAN interface of the calculation unit through a twisted pair. The intelligent control terminal is connected to the charging operation platform through the Ethernet / 4G of the calculation unit.

[0134] In addition, the intelligent control terminal device obtains real-time information such as the frequency and active power of the site transformer through the analog sampling module; the intelligent control terminal device receives the user's charge and discharge start command and dispatching plan curve of the operation platform through the Ethernet or 4G wireless communication module; the calculation unit completes the response ability calculation according to the user's charge and discharge dispatching plan curve and the real-time information of the available resources in the station. The intelligent control terminal performs charge and discharge adjustment control according to the set mode.

[0135] Among them, the charge and discharge adjustment control includes three types: exit, local, and remote:

[0136] 1. Exit mode: The intelligent control terminal does not participate in the power system regulation response and mainly responds to the charge and discharge needs of electric vehicle users.

[0137] 2. Local mode: The intelligent control terminal calculates and generates adjustment instructions according to the sampled grid frequency, built-in adjustment coefficient, maximum adjustment amount and other information, and automatically completes the charge and discharge power adjustment process.

[0138] 3. Remote mode: The intelligent control terminal uploads the information of the active power adjustment up and down of the site to the aggregation platform through the Ethernet or 4G wireless communication module, and completes the charge and discharge power response of the electric vehicles in the station according to the dispatching instructions of the aggregation platform.

[0139] The calculation of the adjustment response control steps is as follows:

[0140] (a) According to the state of the electric vehicles in the station, calculate the active power adjustment up and down of the electric vehicles;

[0141] (b) Complete the real-time information collection of the adjustable loads in the station (such as air conditioners, lighting), and calculate the active power adjustment up and down;

[0142] (c) Complete the real-time information collection of the photovoltaic in the station (if any), and calculate the active power adjustment up and down;

[0143] (d) Complete the real-time information collection of in-station energy storage (if any), and calculate the up and down regulation active power;

[0144] (e) Calculate the up and down regulation active power that can be completed at the in-station grid connection point according to (a) to (d);

[0145] (f) According to the transformer frequency, built-in parameters or the scheduling instructions of the aggregation platform, complete the decomposition calculation of the regulation instructions and the device response regulation.

[0146] An intelligent control method for electric vehicles provided by the present invention is deployed in the Figure 3 intelligent management and control terminal therein, and its process is as Figure 4 shown.

[0147] According to the configuration of the embodiment, complete the system device model modeling, which should at least include the grid connection point model and the electric vehicle model, and optionally include the photovoltaic model, the controllable load model, the energy storage model, etc.

[0148] Perform high-real-time calculation on the transformer information through the simulation acquisition board to ensure the timeliness of the data and obtain the frequency information of the transformer.

[0149] Calculate and evaluate the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicle according to the charge and discharge start and stop instructions, the planned curve and the current charge and discharge state of the electric vehicle issued by the user through the operation platform.

[0150] Consider the regulation capabilities of other adjustable resources, such as Figure 3 the embodiment, obtain the rated power of the photovoltaic, the current power generation power, etc. through RS485 twisted pair communication, and calculate and evaluate the up and down regulation active power of the photovoltaic.

[0151] Judge whether to execute the electric vehicle regulation algorithm according to the function enabling state:

[0152] 1. If not enabled, perform control output and order management according to conventional charge and discharge;

[0153] 2. If enabled, perform different operations according to different modes:

[0154] (1) Remote mode: Send the up and down regulation power capabilities of this site to the aggregation platform, receive the up and down active power regulation instructions from the aggregation platform, and control the photovoltaic, electric vehicle, etc. to operate according to the instructions;

[0155] (2) Local mode: According to the collected transformer frequency value and the preset regulation coefficient, the maximum up and down regulation power, the frequency boundary conditions and other parameters, calculate the active power change instruction that needs to be up and down regulated according to the Figure 5 droop curve, and control the photovoltaic and electric vehicle to operate according to the instructions.

[0156] In summary, by means of the above technical solutions of the present invention, a separate analog module and digital module are designed in a plug-in manner, which can be dynamically expanded according to implementation requirements, solving the problems of insufficient interface capabilities of existing charging controllers and high transformation and upgrade costs. At the same time, in addition to maintaining the conventional charging function, the electric vehicle discharging, direct acquisition of transformer information, and real-time calculation and evaluation of adjustable information are integrated, enhancing the support capacity of the station for the operation of the power system. It can also interact with the aggregation scheduling platform to execute the operation instructions of the scheduling platform, realizing the coordinated control of electric vehicle charging and discharging and the distribution transformer area, improving the power quality of the transformer area, and effectively solving problems such as insufficient capacity of the transformer area.

[0157] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings are shown in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise clearly stated in this article, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or in turn with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

Claims

1. An intelligent control method for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, Including: S1. Collect the transformer voltage and transformer current, and calculate the transformer index by using Fourier transform; S2. Monitor the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station in real time, evaluate the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station in turn, and define the power characteristics; S3. Evaluate the variable power required by the electric vehicle based on the power characteristics of the electric vehicle and the charging station; S4. Control the charging and discharging terminal and allocate the variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle; The S3 includes: S31. Based on the vehicle power characteristics and the adjustable resource power characteristics, calculate the total adjustable up-regulation active power and the total adjustable down-regulation active power in the charging station by adding the up and down regulation active powers respectively; S32. Obtain the up-regulation power adjustment instruction or the down-regulation power adjustment instruction of the charging station, and calculate the vehicle variable power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in the regulation; The S32 includes: S321. If the instruction issued by the charging station is the up-regulation power adjustment instruction, calculate the vehicle up-regulation variable power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in, where the formula for calculating the vehicle up-regulation variable power is: Where ΔUPev sum represents the increased power change of the vehicle; UP sum Indicates the total upward active power in the charging station; UPev sum Represents the increased active power of an electric vehicle; UPld sum Indicates the upward active power of the adjustable load; UPpv sum Indicates the increased active power of the photovoltaic UPbat sum Indicates the increased active power of the energy storage battery; UP set Indicates an uplink power control command; S322. If the instruction issued by the charging station is the down-regulation power adjustment instruction, calculate the vehicle down-regulation variable power that the electric vehicle needs to participate in, where the formula for calculating the vehicle down-regulation variable power is: where ΔDPev sum represents the increased power change of the vehicle; DP sum Indicates the total upward active power in the charging station; DPev sum Indicates the increased active power of the electric vehicle; DPld sum Indicates the increased active power of the adjustable load; DPpv sum Indicates the increased active power of the photovoltaic DPbat sum Indicates the increased active power of the energy storage battery; DP set Indicates a downlink power control command; The S4 includes: S41. Use the charging and discharging terminal in the charging station to calculate the up-regulation variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle, and then perform variable power allocation, where the formula for calculating the up-regulation variable power is: where ΔUPev n represents the upward change power of the nth charge-discharge terminal; ΔUPev sum Indicates the increased change power of the vehicle that the electric vehicle needs to participate in regulation; UPev n Represents the maximum upward regulation power of the nth electric vehicle; UPev sum Indicates the increased active power of the electric vehicle; SOC n represents the current SOC value of the electric vehicle on the nth charge and discharge terminal; E n represents the rated capacity of the electric vehicle on the nth charge and discharge terminal; SOC i represents the current SOC value of the i-th electric vehicle; E n represents the rated capacity of the i-th electric vehicle; N represents the total number of electric vehicles; S42. Use the charging and discharging terminal in the charging station to calculate the down-regulation variable power according to the vehicle information of the current electric vehicle, and then perform variable power allocation, where the formula for calculating the down-regulation variable power is: Where ΔDPev n represents the down-regulation change power of the nth charge and discharge terminal; ΔDPev sum Indicates the downward change power of the vehicle that the electric vehicle needs to participate in regulation; DPev n Represents the maximum down-regulation power of the nth electric vehicle; DPev sum Represents the downward active power of an electric vehicle.

2. The intelligent control method for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The real-time monitoring of the charging station and all electric vehicles in the charging station, evaluating the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicles and the adjustable resources in the charging station in turn, and defining the power characteristics includes the following steps: S21. Monitor the operating state and planned power curve of the electric vehicle, and evaluate the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicle based on the operating state and the planned power curve; S22. Calculate the up and down regulation active power of all adjustable resources in the charging station in turn, where the adjustable resources include adjustable loads, photovoltaic power, and energy storage batteries; S23. Integrate the up-regulation active power and the down-regulation active power of all electric vehicles, define them as the vehicle power characteristics, and integrate the up-regulation active power and the down-regulation active power of all adjustable resources as the adjustable resource power characteristics.

3. An intelligent control method for an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, Monitoring the operating state and planned power curve of the electric vehicle, and evaluating the up and down regulation active power of the electric vehicle based on the operating state and the planned power curve includes the following steps: S211. Monitor and record the operating state of the electric vehicle at the current moment, where the operating state includes the discharging state, the standby state, and the charging state; S212. Obtain the planned power curve of each electric vehicle, and calculate the up-regulation power and the down-regulation power of a single electric vehicle based on the operating state of each electric vehicle; S213. Integrate the upward active power and downward active power of each electric vehicle in the charging station, and calculate the upward active power and downward active power of all electric vehicles through cumulative calculation.

4. An intelligent control method for an electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that The calculation formulas for the upward power regulation command and the downward power regulation command are respectively: In the formula, UP set represents the uplink power control command; DP set Indicates a downlink power control command; ΔPu max Indicates the maximum power increase set by the system; ΔPd max Indicates the maximum power reduction set by the system; fu1 represents the starting frequency of upward regulation; fu2 represents the cut-off frequency of upward regulation; fd1 represents the starting frequency of downward regulation; fd2 represents the cut-off frequency of downward regulation; k represents the regulation coefficient.

5. An intelligent control terminal device for an electric vehicle, which is used to implement the intelligent control method for an electric vehicle described in any one of claims 1-4, and is characterized in that, The intelligent control terminal device includes: a power supply module, an analog sampling module, a digital quantity module, a bus unit, and a calculation unit. Among them, the power supply module is used to convert the 220V power supply into different levels of power available within the device; the analog sampling module is used to access the signals of the voltage transformer and current transformer in the AC interval of the transformer; the digital quantity module is used for obtaining and controlling the switch state; the bus unit is used to partition the data bus, IO bus, and power bus according to different signal transmission requirements and function types; the calculation unit is used to carry a high-performance on-board processor to realize analog quantity acquisition, IO control, regulation calculation, and control output.

6. The intelligent control terminal device for an electric vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The analog sampling module, the digital quantity module, the calculation unit, and the bus unit are connected through an expansion slot, and N analog sampling modules and M digital quantity modules can be accessed, where N ≤ 4 and M ≤ 8.

7. An intelligent control terminal device for an electric vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The analog sampling module is equipped with a secondary side current transformer and voltage transformer on board, converts the accessed signal into a small AC signal, and then converts it into a DC signal of 0 - 5V; the digital quantity module uses optocouplers to isolate the input and relays to isolate the output.

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