Low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of cable sheath rubber, and provides a low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber for cables and a preparation method thereof. The components and mass fractions are as follows: 27-36 parts of PVC, 9-12 parts of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material, 4.5-7.5 parts of epoxy resin, 1.2-2.6 parts of flame retardant, 2.1-5.4 parts of titanium dioxide, 1-1.7 parts of glass fiber, and 0.8-1.4 parts of antioxidant; the length of the glass fiber is 5-10 mm; preferably, the preparation method of the PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows: first, graphene is added to an appropriate amount of deionized water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then PMMA and phthalocyanine are added in proportion in sequence, the temperature is raised to 70-80°C, ultrasonically dispersed for 0.5-1.5h, filtered, and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material. The sheath rubber prepared by the present invention is low-smoke halogen-free, safe and environmentally friendly, and has good mechanical properties and high flame retardant properties, and can meet the use requirements of most cables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable sheath rubber materials, in particular to a low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber material for cables and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cable sheath rubber is a material used to protect the outer skin of the cable. It is usually a plastic or rubber material. Its main function is to provide protection and insulation for the outer layer of the cable to prevent the internal conductor of the cable from mechanical damage, chemical corrosion or environmental influences. The cable sheath rubber must have the characteristics of wear resistance, aging resistance, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, UV resistance and chemical corrosion resistance to ensure that the cable can operate stably for a long time in various working environments. Common cable sheath rubbers include polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene, epoxy resin, rubber and other types.

[0003] Cable sheath rubber compounds often need to be modified by adding additives such as flame retardants due to their special application requirements, so as to improve the performance of the cable sheath rubber compounds. Most of the additives used in existing cable sheath rubber compounds contain a high content of halogenated materials, which are prone to produce a large amount of smoke or toxic gases in the event of a fire accident. In addition, these ingredients also have a certain impact on the environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber material for cables and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber material for cables, wherein the components and mass fractions thereof are as follows:

[0006] PVC 27-36 parts, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material 9-12 parts, epoxy resin 4.5-7.5 parts, flame retardant 1.2-2.6 parts, titanium dioxide 2.1-5.4 parts, glass fiber 1-1.7 parts, antioxidant 0.8-1.4 parts;

[0007] The length of the glass fiber is 5 to 10 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of the PVC to the PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is 3:1.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows:

[0010] First, graphene was added into an appropriate amount of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed. Then, PMMA and phthalocyanine were added in proportion. The temperature was raised to 70-80° C. and ultrasonically dispersed for 0.5-1.5 h. The mixture was filtered and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine is (30-60): (5-9): (8-13).

[0012] Preferably, the phthalocyanine is one or more of tetranitrophthalocyanine, tetraaminophthalocyanine, tetrahydroxyphthalocyanine, and tetracarboxylphthalocyanine.

[0013] Preferably, the flame retardant is one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, expanded graphite, zinc borate, and barium borate.

[0014] Preferably, the antioxidant is one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076 or antioxidant 2246.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the sheath rubber material according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, weighing PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine in proportion to prepare a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material;

[0017] S2, mixing and grinding PVC, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material, titanium dioxide and glass fiber for 10 minutes, and then adding epoxy resin, flame retardant and antioxidant, mixing and stirring to obtain sheath rubber material.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The invention provides a low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables and a preparation method thereof. The prepared sheath rubber compound is low-smoke halogen-free, safe and environmentally friendly, and has good mechanical properties and high flame retardant properties, and can meet the use requirements of most cables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0021] The components and mass fractions of low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables are as follows:

[0022] PVC 27 parts, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material 9 parts, epoxy resin 4.5 parts, flame retardant 1.2 parts, titanium dioxide 2.1 parts, glass fiber 1 part, antioxidant 0.8 parts;

[0023] The length of the glass fiber is 5 to 10 mm.

[0024] Among them, the mass ratio of PVC and PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is 3:1; the flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide; and the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0025] The preparation method of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows:

[0026] First, graphene was added to an appropriate amount of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed. Then, PMMA and phthalocyanine were added in proportion. The temperature was raised to 70°C and ultrasonically dispersed for 1.5 hours. The mixture was filtered and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material. The mass ratio of PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine was 30:5:8.

[0027] Among them, phthalocyanine is tetranitrophthalocyanine, and the structural formula is as follows:

[0028] . Example 2

[0029] The components and mass fractions of low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables are as follows:

[0030] 30 parts of PVC, 10 parts of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material, 5.5 parts of epoxy resin, 1.4 parts of flame retardant, 2.7 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.1 parts of glass fiber, and 0.9 parts of antioxidant;

[0031] The length of the glass fiber is 5 to 10 mm.

[0032] Among them, the mass ratio of PVC and PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is 3:1; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide; and the antioxidant is antioxidant 1076.

[0033] The preparation method of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows:

[0034] First, graphene was added to an appropriate amount of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed. Then, PMMA and phthalocyanine were added in proportion. The temperature was raised to 75°C and ultrasonically dispersed for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material. The mass ratio of PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine was 40:6:9.

[0035] Among them, phthalocyanine is tetraaminophthalocyanine, and the structural formula is as follows:

[0036] . Example 3

[0037] The components and mass fractions of low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables are as follows:

[0038] PVC 33 parts, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material 11 parts, epoxy resin 6.5 parts, flame retardant 2 parts, titanium dioxide 4 parts, glass fiber 1.5 parts, antioxidant 1.3 parts;

[0039] The length of the glass fiber is 5 to 10 mm.

[0040] Among them, the mass ratio of PVC and PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is 3:1; the flame retardant is expanded graphite; and the antioxidant is antioxidant 2246.

[0041] The preparation method of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows:

[0042] First, graphene was added to an appropriate amount of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed. Then, PMMA and phthalocyanine were added in proportion. The temperature was raised to 75°C and ultrasonically dispersed for 0.5 h. The mixture was filtered and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material. The mass ratio of PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine was 55:8:11.

[0043] Among them, phthalocyanine is tetracarboxylphthalocyanine, and the structural formula is as follows:

[0044] . Example 4

[0045] The components and mass fractions of low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables are as follows:

[0046] 36 parts of PVC, 12 parts of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material, 7.5 parts of epoxy resin, 2.6 parts of flame retardant, 5.4 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.7 parts of glass fiber, and 1.4 parts of antioxidant;

[0047] The length of the glass fiber is 5 to 10 mm.

[0048] Among them, the mass ratio of PVC and PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is 3:1; the flame retardant is zinc borate and barium borate, and the mass ratio of zinc borate and barium borate is 2:1; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0049] The preparation method of PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows:

[0050] First, graphene was added to an appropriate amount of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed. Then, PMMA and phthalocyanine were added in proportion. The temperature was raised to 80°C and ultrasonically dispersed for 1.5 hours. The mixture was filtered and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material. The mass ratio of PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine was 60:9:13.

[0051] Among them, phthalocyanine is tetrahydroxyphthalocyanine, and the structural formula is as follows:

[0052] .

[0053] The method for preparing the low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables provided in Examples 1-4 comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1, weighing PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine in proportion to prepare a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material;

[0055] S2, mixing and grinding PVC, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material, titanium dioxide and glass fiber for 10 minutes, and then adding epoxy resin, flame retardant and antioxidant, mixing and stirring to obtain sheath rubber material.

[0056] In the present invention, the composite of graphene and PMMA can improve the flame retardant property, and the introduced phthalocyanine has a large π conjugated structure, which can significantly improve the stability of graphene and PMMA. The introduction of titanium dioxide and glass fiber can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the sheath rubber compound, wherein the glass fiber adopts long glass fiber with a size of 5 to 10 mm, which can significantly improve the toughness of the sheath rubber compound.

[0057] The products prepared in the above examples 1-4 were subjected to relevant performance tests, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0058] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Tensile Strength 26.2MPa 27.6MPa 27.3MPa 28.1MPa Thermal deformation ≤20 ≤20 ≤20 ≤20 200℃ thermal stability time 92min 96min 98min 105min Flame retardant sheath 90℃ 90℃ 90℃ 90℃

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Low smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables, characterized in that: The components and mass fractions are as follows: PVC 27-36 parts, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material 9-12 parts, epoxy resin 4.5-7.5 parts, flame retardant 1.2-2.6 parts, titanium dioxide 2.1-5.4 parts, glass fiber 1-1.7 parts, antioxidant 0.8-1.4 parts; The length of the glass fiber is 5 to 10 mm; The mass ratio of the PVC to the PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is 3:1; The preparation method of the PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material is as follows: First, graphene is added to an appropriate amount of deionized water, ultrasonically dispersed, and then PMMA and phthalocyanine are added in proportion, the temperature is raised to 70-80° C., ultrasonically dispersed for 0.5-1.5 h, filtered and dried to obtain a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material; The mass ratio of PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine is (30-60): (5-9): (8-13); The phthalocyanine is one or more of tetranitrophthalocyanine, tetraaminophthalocyanine, tetrahydroxyphthalocyanine and tetracarboxylphthalocyanine.

2. The low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant is one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, expanded graphite, zinc borate, and barium borate.

3. The low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber material for cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 1076 or antioxidant 2246.

4. The method for preparing the low-smoke halogen-free sheath rubber compound for cables according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, weighing PMMA, graphene and phthalocyanine in proportion to prepare a PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material; S2, mixing and grinding PVC, PMMA / graphene / phthalocyanine composite material, titanium dioxide and glass fiber for 10 minutes, and then adding epoxy resin, flame retardant and antioxidant, mixing and stirring to obtain sheath rubber material.