A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen heating furnaces, specifically to a safety control device for preventing flash explosions in hydrogen heating furnaces for waste mineral oil treatment, comprising a flame detector 1, a furnace temperature detector 1, a hydrogen content detector and a safety controller, wherein the flame detector 1, the furnace temperature detector 1 and the hydrogen content detector are arranged in a heating chamber of a furnace body, the heating chamber is connected to a carbon dioxide pipeline, and a carbon dioxide flow control valve is arranged on the carbon dioxide pipeline, and the safety controller is used to control the carbon dioxide flow control valve to release carbon dioxide into the heating chamber according to information obtained by the flame detector 1, the furnace temperature detector 1 and the hydrogen content detector. The present invention can safely control hydrogen during heating, monitor in time and take countermeasures, and solves the problem that the risk of hydrogen heating for waste mineral oil treatment in the prior art is too high and safety accidents such as flash explosions are prone to occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen heating furnaces, in particular to a safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment. Background Art

[0002] Waste lubricating oil refers to lubricating oil that has lost its original performance due to pollution, aging or other reasons during use; waste lubricating oil contains organic nitrogen compounds, sulfides, and metal friction particles. Waste lubricating oil hydrogenation is a method of treating waste lubricating oil. Through the reaction process of heating and adding hydrogen (in the heating furnace), waste lubricating oil is converted into renewable base oil and other useful chemicals; waste lubricating oil stays in the heating furnace for too long and is prone to coking in the furnace tube of the heating furnace.

[0003] In order to prevent the waste lubricating oil from staying in the heating furnace for too long and coking in the furnace tube of the heating furnace, the existing technology adopts the method of heating the hydrogen in advance and directly mixing the high-temperature hydrogen with the waste lubricating oil to increase the temperature of the waste lubricating oil. However, since the volume content of hydrogen in the air is 4% to 75% and it is very easy to explode in the presence of open flames, heating hydrogen to 500 degrees Celsius is risky during the heating process and is prone to safety accidents such as flash explosions. For this reason, we propose a safety control device for preventing flash explosions in hydrogen heating furnaces for waste mineral oil treatment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety control device for preventing flash explosions in hydrogen heating furnaces for waste mineral oil treatment, which can safely control the hydrogen during heating, timely monitor and take countermeasures, thereby solving the problem that the risk of hydrogen heating for waste mineral oil treatment in the prior art is too high and is prone to safety accidents such as flash explosions.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment, comprising a flame detector 1, a furnace temperature detector 1, a hydrogen content detector and a safety controller, wherein the flame detector 1, the furnace temperature detector 1 and the hydrogen content detector are arranged in a heating chamber of a furnace body, the heating chamber is connected to a carbon dioxide pipeline, and a carbon dioxide flow control valve is arranged on the carbon dioxide pipeline, and the safety controller is used to control the carbon dioxide flow control valve to release carbon dioxide into the heating chamber according to information obtained by the flame detector 1, the furnace temperature detector 1 and the hydrogen content detector;

[0006] A fireproof cover is arranged in the furnace body outside the flame, a heat-conducting cover is arranged outside the fireproof cover, a closed heating chamber is formed between the fireproof cover and the heat-conducting cover, a heat exchange spiral tube wrapped around the outside of the fireproof cover is arranged in the heating chamber, and an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the heat exchange spiral tube are extended outside the furnace body to allow hydrogen to enter the heat exchange spiral tube for heating.

[0007] Preferably, a burner is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, and an igniter, a gas pipeline and an air pipeline are connected to the burner. A gas flow control valve is provided on the gas pipeline, and an air flow control valve is provided on the air pipeline. The safety controller controls the air volume and gas volume of the burner through the gas flow control valve and the air flow control valve.

[0008] Preferably, a combustible gas alarm, a second flame detector, and a second furnace temperature detector are provided inside the furnace body and in the fireproof hood. The safety controller obtains the flame information in the furnace through the combustible gas alarm and the second flame detector, and obtains the temperature information in the furnace through the second furnace temperature detector.

[0009] Preferably, a hydrogen inlet valve is provided at one end of the heat exchange spiral tube extending outside the furnace body, and a hydrogen outlet valve is provided at the other end extending outside the furnace body. The safety controller controls the hydrogen flow in the heat exchange spiral tube through the hydrogen inlet valve and the hydrogen outlet valve.

[0010] Preferably, an inlet temperature sensor is provided at one end of the heat exchange spiral tube extending outside the furnace body, and an outlet temperature sensor is provided at the other end extending to the furnace body. The safety controller obtains and controls the hydrogen temperature in the heat exchange spiral tube through the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor.

[0011] Preferably, a reflux heating chamber with an open top is formed between the inner wall of the furnace body and the heat conductive cover, and a reflux cover 1 is provided on one side of the top of the furnace body, and the reflux cover 1 is connected to the bottom of the reflux heating chamber through an exhaust fan 1 and a reflux pipe 1.

[0012] Preferably, a second reflux hood is provided on the other side of the top of the furnace body, and the second reflux hood is connected to the bottom of the reflux heating chamber through a second exhauster and a second reflux pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a gate valve is provided at the chimney outlet of the furnace body, and the safety controller controls the emission of smoke generated after the combustion of the gas and the pressure inside the furnace body through the gate valve.

[0014] Preferably, the safety controller is provided with a communication module and a photoelectric alarm, the communication module is used for remote data transmission and alarm, and the photoelectric alarm is used for on-site instant alarm.

[0015] Preferably, the safety controller is provided with a display screen for displaying data and a control button for setting data.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention separates the heat exchange spiral tube that introduces hydrogen from the open flame in the furnace body by arranging a heating chamber in the furnace body, and detects whether the open flame passes through the fireproof cover and enters the heating chamber through a flame detection. The temperature change in the heating chamber is monitored by a furnace temperature detector to reduce the risk of hydrogen burning due to excessive temperature. A hydrogen content detector is used to detect whether there is hydrogen in the heating chamber, so as to determine whether the heat exchange spiral tube is leaking. When the above-mentioned detector finds that the hydrogen in the heat exchange spiral tube leaks into the heating chamber, or the open flame burns through the fireproof cover and enters the heating chamber, or the temperature in the heating chamber is too high, the safety controller promptly opens the carbon dioxide flow control valve to introduce carbon dioxide into the heating chamber through the carbon dioxide pipeline to avoid safety accidents. This solves the problem that the waste mineral oil treatment type hydrogen heating in the prior art is too risky and prone to safety accidents such as flash explosions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the furnace body of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety controller of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. chimney; 3. fireproof hood; 4. heat-conducting hood; 5. heating chamber; 6. heat exchange spiral tube; 7. flame detector 1; 8. furnace temperature detector 1; 9. hydrogen content detector; 10. carbon dioxide pipeline; 11. carbon dioxide flow control valve; 12. safety controller; 13. burner; 14. igniter; 15. gas pipeline; 16. air pipeline; 17. gas flow control valve; 18. air flow control valve; 19. combustible gas alarm Alarm; 20. Flame detector 2; 21. Furnace temperature detector 2; 22. Hydrogen inlet valve; 23. Hydrogen outlet valve; 24. Inlet temperature sensor; 25. Outlet temperature sensor; 26. Reflux hood 1; 27. Exhaust fan 1; 28. Reflux pipe 1; 29. ​​Reflux heating chamber; 30. Reflux hood 2; 31. Exhaust fan 2; 32. Reflux pipe 2; 33. Gate valve; 34. Communication module; 35. Photoelectric alarm; 36. Display screen; 37. Control button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment comprises a flame detector 7, a furnace temperature detector 8, a hydrogen content detector 9 and a safety controller 12. The flame detector 7, the furnace temperature detector 8 and the hydrogen content detector 9 are arranged in a heating chamber 5 of a furnace body 1. The heating chamber 5 is connected to a carbon dioxide pipeline 10, and a carbon dioxide flow control valve 11 is arranged on the carbon dioxide pipeline 10. The safety controller 12 is used to control the carbon dioxide flow control valve 11 to release carbon dioxide into the heating chamber 5 according to information obtained by the flame detector 7, the furnace temperature detector 8 and the hydrogen content detector 9.

[0025] The process of hydrogen explosion is that when the hydrogen content in a certain space, such as a container, is within the explosion limit and encounters an open flame, a local area will catch fire first and release a large amount of heat, causing the generated water vapor to expand in volume and the pressure to increase sharply. The combustion is completed in a very short time and the surrounding mixed gas is ignited at the same time. The pressure in the space suddenly increases sharply, which forms an explosion.

[0026] The temperature change in the heating chamber 5 is monitored by a furnace temperature detector 8 to reduce the risk of hydrogen burning due to excessive temperature. The hydrogen content detector 9 is used to detect whether the heating chamber 5 contains hydrogen, so as to determine whether the heat exchange spiral tube 6 is leaking. When the above detector finds that the hydrogen in the heat exchange spiral tube 6 leaks into the heating chamber 5, or the open flame burns through the fireproof cover 3 and enters the heating chamber 5, or the temperature in the heating chamber 5 is too high, the safety controller 12 promptly opens the carbon dioxide flow control valve 11 to pass carbon dioxide into the heating chamber 5 through the carbon dioxide pipeline 10 to avoid safety accidents. The problem that the waste mineral oil treatment type hydrogen heating in the prior art is too risky and prone to safety accidents such as flash explosions is solved.

[0027] A fireproof cover 3 is arranged outside the flame in the furnace body 1, and a heat-conducting cover 4 is arranged outside the fireproof cover 3, and a closed heating chamber 5 is formed between the fireproof cover 3 and the heat-conducting cover 4. A heat-exchange spiral tube 6 is arranged inside the heating chamber 5 and is wound around the outside of the fireproof cover 3. The air inlet and air outlet ends of the heat-exchange spiral tube 6 extend outside the furnace body 1 so that hydrogen can enter the heat-exchange spiral tube 6 for heating. By arranging the heating chamber 5 inside the furnace body 1, the heat-exchange spiral tube 6 into which hydrogen is introduced is separated from the open flame inside the furnace body 1, and a flame detection is used to detect whether the open flame passes through the fireproof cover 3 and enters the heating chamber 5.

[0028] Embodiment 2:

[0029] On the basis of the first embodiment, a burner 13 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and an igniter 14, a gas pipeline 15 and an air pipeline 16 are connected to the burner 13. A gas flow control valve 17 is arranged on the gas pipeline 15, and an air flow control valve 18 is arranged on the air pipeline 16. The safety controller 12 controls the air volume and gas volume of the burner 13 through the gas flow control valve 17 and the air flow control valve 18. The gas and air of the burner 13 are respectively controlled by the gas flow control valve 17 and the air flow control valve 18. When the flame in the furnace body 1 is extinguished, the safety controller 12 directly controls the gas supply to stop, and continuously provides air to disperse the remaining gas in the furnace body 1, reduce the gas concentration, and avoid safety accidents. By controlling the air intake and gas intake to ensure the full combustion of the gas, the temperature of hydrogen heating is adjusted.

[0030] Inside the furnace body 1 and in the fireproof cover 3, a combustible gas alarm 19, a flame detector 20, and a furnace temperature detector 21 are arranged. The safety controller 12 obtains the flame information in the furnace through the combustible gas alarm 19 and the flame detector 20, and obtains the temperature information in the furnace through the furnace temperature detector 21. By setting the combustible gas alarm 19, it is possible to detect whether there is excess gas in the furnace body 1. When the flame is extinguished, the gas content in the furnace body 1 will increase, and the flame state can be indirectly detected. By setting the furnace temperature detector 21, the temperature change in the furnace body 1 can be detected, which is convenient for the safety controller 12 to obtain the furnace temperature data and control the furnace temperature.

[0031] Embodiment three:

[0032] On the basis of the second embodiment, a hydrogen inlet valve 22 is provided at one end of the heat exchange spiral tube 6 extending outside the furnace body 1, and a hydrogen outlet valve 23 is provided at the other end extending to the furnace body 1. The safety controller 12 controls the hydrogen flow rate in the heat exchange spiral tube 6 through the hydrogen inlet valve 22 and the hydrogen outlet valve 23. The hydrogen inlet valve 22 can adjust the intake amount of hydrogen entering the heat exchange spiral tube 6, and the hydrogen outlet valve 23 can detect the amount of hydrogen discharged from the outlet end after heat exchange in the heat exchange spiral tube 6.

[0033] An inlet temperature sensor 24 is provided at one end of the heat exchange spiral tube 6 extending outside the furnace body 1, and an outlet temperature sensor 25 is provided at the other end extending to the furnace body 1. The safety controller 12 obtains and controls the hydrogen temperature in the heat exchange spiral tube 6 through the inlet temperature sensor 24 and the outlet temperature sensor 25. The inlet temperature sensor 24 can detect the temperature of hydrogen entering the heat exchange spiral tube 6, and the outlet temperature sensor 25 can detect the temperature of hydrogen discharged from the outlet end after heat exchange in the heat exchange spiral tube 6. When the outlet temperature is low, the heating time is extended by reducing the intake and outlet volumes of hydrogen to ensure that the outlet temperature meets the standard. When the outlet temperature is high, the hydrogen intake and outlet volumes are controlled to ensure the outlet temperature while improving the heating efficiency of hydrogen, and avoiding safety accidents caused by excessively high hydrogen temperatures.

[0034] Embodiment 4:

[0035] On the basis of the third embodiment, a reflow heating chamber 29 with an open top is formed between the inner wall of the furnace body 1 and the heat-conducting cover 4. A reflow cover 26 is provided on one side of the top of the furnace body 1. The reflow cover 26 is connected to the bottom of the reflow heating chamber 29 through an exhauster 27 and a reflow pipe 28. By providing a reflow cover 26, part of the flue gas from the furnace body 1 that should be discharged into the chimney 2 can be collected and transported to the reflow heating chamber 29 through the exhauster 27 and the reflow pipe 28. Since the flame is located inside the fireproof cover 3, the temperature of the side of the heat exchange spiral tube 6 close to the fireproof cover 3 is relatively high, and the temperature of the side away from the fireproof cover 3 is relatively low. The flue gas burning in the furnace body 1 is much higher than the heating temperature required by hydrogen. By reflowing the flue gas to the reflow heating chamber 29, since the reflow heating chamber 29 is located outside the heating chamber 5, the temperature of the side of the heat exchange spiral tube 6 away from the fireproof cover 3 can be increased to achieve uniform heating.

[0036] A second reflow hood 30 is provided on the other side of the top of the furnace body 1, and the second reflow hood 30 is connected to the bottom of the reflow heating chamber 29 through a second exhauster 31 and a second reflow pipe 32. The second reflow hood 30, the second exhauster 31 and the second reflow pipe 32 can be provided to return the flue gas to the bottom of the reflow heating chamber 29 and to the left and right sides. In addition, multiple reflow hoods, exhausters and reflow pipes can be provided to make the amount and temperature of the reflowed flue gas on the plane of the reflow heating chamber 29 more uniform.

[0037] A gate valve 33 is provided at the outlet of the chimney 2 of the furnace body 1, and the safety controller 12 controls the emission of flue gas generated after the combustion of the fuel gas and the pressure inside the furnace body 1 through the gate valve 33. The setting of the gate valve 33 can ensure the full combustion of the fuel gas in the furnace body 1, avoid heat loss, and improve the heating efficiency of hydrogen.

[0038] Embodiment five:

[0039] like Figure 3As shown, based on the fourth embodiment, the safety controller 12 is provided with a communication module 34 and a photoelectric alarm 35. The communication module 34 is used for remote data transmission and alarm, and the photoelectric alarm 35 is used for on-site instant alarm. By providing the communication module 34, the data collected by each sensor can be remotely sent to a computer or mobile terminal to realize remote monitoring and alarm. The photoelectric alarm 35 can sound an alarm when data abnormality or emergency shutdown occurs, reminding on-site staff.

[0040] The safety controller 12 is provided with a display screen 36 for displaying data and a control button 37 for setting data. The display screen 36 and the control button 37 are provided to facilitate the staff to operate the safety controller 12.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flame detector (7), a furnace temperature detector (8), a hydrogen content detector (9) and a safety controller (12), wherein the flame detector (7), the furnace temperature detector (8) and the hydrogen content detector (9) are arranged in a heating chamber (5) of a furnace body (1), the heating chamber (5) is connected to a carbon dioxide pipeline (10), and a carbon dioxide flow control valve (11) is arranged on the carbon dioxide pipeline (10), and the safety controller (12) is used to control the carbon dioxide flow control valve (11) to release carbon dioxide into the heating chamber (5) according to information obtained by the flame detector (7), the furnace temperature detector (8) and the hydrogen content detector (9); A fireproof cover (3) is arranged outside the flame in the furnace body (1), a heat-conducting cover (4) is arranged outside the fireproof cover (3), a closed heating chamber (5) is formed between the fireproof cover (3) and the heat-conducting cover (4), a heat-exchange spiral tube (6) wound around the outside of the fireproof cover (3) is arranged in the heating chamber (5), and an air inlet end and an air outlet end of the heat-exchange spiral tube (6) both extend outside the furnace body (1) so that hydrogen can enter the heat-exchange spiral tube (6) for heating; A reflow heating chamber (29) with an open top is formed between the inner wall of the furnace body (1) and the heat conductive cover (4), and a reflow cover (26) is provided on one side of the top of the furnace body (1), and the reflow cover (26) is connected to the bottom of the reflow heating chamber (29) through an exhaust fan (27) and a reflow pipe (28).

2. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A burner (13) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1); an igniter (14), a gas pipeline (15) and an air pipeline (16) are connected to the burner (13); a gas flow control valve (17) is arranged on the gas pipeline (15); an air flow control valve (18) is arranged on the air pipeline (16); and the safety controller (12) controls the air volume and gas volume of the burner (13) through the gas flow control valve (17) and the air flow control valve (18).

3. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A combustible gas alarm (19), a second flame detector (20), and a second furnace temperature detector (21) are arranged inside the furnace body (1) and inside the fireproof cover (3); the safety controller (12) obtains flame information in the furnace through the combustible gas alarm (19) and the second flame detector (20), and obtains temperature information in the furnace through the second furnace temperature detector (21).

4. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the heat exchange spiral tube (6) extending outside the furnace body (1) is provided with a hydrogen inlet valve (22), and the other end extending outside the furnace body (1) is provided with a hydrogen outlet valve (23). The safety controller (12) controls the hydrogen flow rate in the heat exchange spiral tube (6) through the hydrogen inlet valve (22) and the hydrogen outlet valve (23).

5. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: An inlet temperature sensor (24) is provided at one end of the heat exchange spiral tube (6) extending outside the furnace body (1), and an outlet temperature sensor (25) is provided at the other end extending outside the furnace body (1). The safety controller (12) obtains and controls the hydrogen temperature in the heat exchange spiral tube (6) through the inlet temperature sensor (24) and the outlet temperature sensor (25).

6. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second reflow hood (30) is provided on the other side of the top of the furnace body (1), and the second reflow hood (30) is connected to the bottom of the reflow heating chamber (29) through a second exhauster (31) and a second reflow pipe (32).

7. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gate valve (33) is provided at the outlet of the chimney (2) of the furnace body (1), and the safety controller (12) controls the emission of smoke generated after combustion of the fuel gas and the pressure inside the furnace body (1) through the gate valve (33).

8. The safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety controller (12) is provided with a communication module (34) and a photoelectric alarm (35), wherein the communication module (34) is used for remote data transmission and alarm, and the photoelectric alarm (35) is used for on-site instant alarm.

9. A safety control device for preventing flash explosion of a hydrogen heating furnace for waste mineral oil treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The safety controller (12) is provided with a display screen (36) for displaying data and a control button (37) for setting data.

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