Sea-air exchange simulation device and sea-air exchange test system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a sea-air exchange simulation device and a sea-air exchange test system. The sea-air exchange simulation device comprises a simulation reaction box, a wave making part and a driving mechanism. The simulation reaction box has a containing cavity. The lower part of the containing cavity is used for containing seawater. The wave making part is arranged in the containing cavity. The opposite two side walls of the containing cavity are defined as a first side wall and a second side wall. The wave making part is arranged close to the first side wall. The side of the wave making part facing the second side wall has a water pushing surface. The water pushing surface is arranged towards the lower part of the second side wall. The driving mechanism is connected to the simulation reaction box. The driving mechanism is used for driving the wave making part to move downwards from an initial position, so as to push seawater to the direction of the second side wall to form waves. The driving mechanism is also used for driving the wave making part to move upwards, so as to make the wave making part return to the initial position. The wave making part can repeatedly move downwards, so as to keep the waves continuous. The sea-air exchange condition of the sea surface can be fully reproduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental engineering technology, and in particular to an air-sea exchange simulation device and an air-sea exchange test system. Background Technology

[0002] Oceans cover 71% of the Earth's surface and are a major source of aerosols and trace gases, impacting climate and human health. Ocean fog aerosols are the largest source of atmospheric particulate matter, and trace gas emissions from the ocean are showing a continuous upward trend. Ocean-air exchange testing is crucial for understanding the ocean's impact on climate.

[0003] Existing air-sea exchange simulation devices mostly measure the air-sea exchange conditions by setting up a sealed box, filling the bottom of the box with seawater, and detecting the gas at the top of the sealed box. However, they cannot accurately simulate the air-sea exchange conditions when there are ocean waves, resulting in the air-sea exchange simulation devices not being able to fully reproduce the air-sea exchange conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that existing air-sea exchange simulation devices cannot simulate the air-sea exchange conditions when there are ocean waves, resulting in the air-sea exchange simulation devices being unable to fully reproduce the air-sea exchange conditions.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an air-sea exchange simulation device, comprising:

[0006] A simulated reaction chamber having a receiving cavity, the lower part of which is used to receive seawater;

[0007] A wave generator is disposed in the receiving cavity. The two opposite side walls of the receiving cavity are defined as a first side wall and a second side wall, respectively. The wave generator is arranged close to the first side wall, and the side of the wave generator facing the second side wall has a water-pushing surface, which is arranged downwards from the second side wall.

[0008] A drive mechanism, connected to the simulated reaction tank, is used to drive the wave generator to move downward from its initial position, causing the water-pushing surface to press against the seawater in the lower part of the receiving cavity towards the second sidewall; the drive mechanism is also used to drive the wave generator to move upward, causing the wave generator to return to its initial position. Preferably, the wave generator is a wedge-shaped structure with a smaller lower end and a larger upper end, the inclined surface of which forms the water-pushing surface.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device includes a particulate matter generating plate disposed in the containment cavity. The upper end of the particulate matter generating plate is rotatably connected to the simulation reaction chamber, and the lower end of the particulate matter generating plate extends into the seawater. Rotating the particulate matter generating plate causes the lower end of the particulate matter generating plate to swing toward the first sidewall or the second sidewall.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device includes a wave-damping plate, which is arranged close to the second side wall. The wave-damping plate has a wave-damping surface that is arranged vertically and vertically on the side facing the first side wall, and the wave-damping surface is arranged facing upwards towards the first side wall.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device further includes a pad for adjusting the tilt angle of the wave-dissipating surface of the wave-dissipating plate, the pad being disposed at the lower part of the end of the wave-dissipating plate near the second sidewall.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device includes a sunlight simulation device for emitting simulated sunlight into the containment cavity.

[0013] An air-sea exchange test system includes the aforementioned air-sea exchange simulation device and gas detection device, as well as a gas detection device and a water quality detection device. The air inlet of the gas detection device is connected to the upper part of the containment cavity of the air-sea exchange simulation device. The water quality detection device is used to detect the seawater quality in the containment cavity.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange test system further includes an aerosol generator, the outlet of which is connected to the upper part of the containment cavity.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange test system further includes an ozone generator, the outlet of which is connected to the upper part of the containment cavity.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the air-sea exchange test system includes a circulating pump and a water chiller, with the containment cavity, the circulating pump, and the water chiller connected in sequence to form a water circulation loop.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention includes a simulation reaction chamber, a wave generator, and a drive mechanism. The simulation reaction chamber has a receiving cavity, the lower part of which is used to contain seawater. The wave generator is disposed in the receiving cavity. The two opposite side walls of the receiving cavity are defined as a first side wall and a second side wall, respectively. The wave generator is arranged close to the first side wall, and the side of the wave generator facing the second side wall has a water-pushing surface, which is arranged downwards towards the second side wall. The drive mechanism is connected to the simulation reaction chamber and is used to drive the wave generator to move downwards from its initial position, so that the water-pushing surface squeezes the seawater in the lower part of the receiving cavity towards the second side wall, thereby pushing the seawater towards the second side wall and forming waves in the seawater in the receiving cavity. The drive mechanism is also used to drive the wave generator to move upwards, so that the wave generator returns to its initial position, so that the wave generator can move downwards repeatedly to maintain the continuity of the waves. Therefore, the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention can simulate the air-sea exchange conditions when there are waves and can fully reproduce the air-sea exchange conditions at the sea surface. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 An isometric view of the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention when seawater is not injected into the bottom of the containment cavity;

[0021] Figure 3 An isometric view of the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention after seawater is injected into the bottom of the containment cavity;

[0022] In the figure, 1. Simulated reaction chamber, 11. First side wall, 12. Second side wall, 13. Transparent cover, 14. Receiving cavity, 2. Wave generator, 21. Water pushing surface, 3. Drive mechanism, 4. Particulate matter generating plate, 5. Wave damping plate, 51. Wave damping surface, 6. Sunlight simulation device, 7. Connecting frame, 8. Pad block, 91. Circulating pump, 92. Chiller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various information, but this information should not be limited to these terms; these terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information can also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information can also be referred to as "first" information.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention includes:

[0026] The simulated reaction chamber 1 has a receiving cavity 14, the lower part of which is used to receive seawater;

[0027] Wave generator 2 is disposed in receiving cavity 14. The two opposite side walls of receiving cavity 14 are defined as first side wall 11 and second side wall 12, respectively. Wave generator 2 is arranged close to the first side wall 11. The side of wave generator 2 facing the second side wall 12 has a water pushing surface 21, which is arranged below the second side wall 12.

[0028] The drive mechanism 3 is connected to the simulation reaction chamber 1. The drive mechanism 3 is used to drive the wave generator 2 to move downward from the initial position, so that the water pushing surface 21 squeezes the seawater in the lower part of the receiving cavity 14 towards the second side wall 12; thereby pushing the seawater towards the second side wall 12 to form waves; the drive mechanism 3 is also used to drive the wave generator 2 to move upward, so that the wave generator 2 returns to the initial position, so that the wave generator 2 can move downward repeatedly to maintain the continuity of waves; therefore, the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention can simulate the air-sea exchange conditions when there are waves, and can fully reproduce the air-sea exchange conditions of the sea surface.

[0029] The wave generator 2 is a wedge-shaped structure, smaller at the bottom and larger at the top, with its inclined surface forming a water-pushing surface 21. The wave generator 2 is a hollow, sealed shell formed by welding multiple stainless steel plates together. The drive mechanism 3 includes a telescopic drive device fixed to the simulation reaction chamber 1. The output end of the telescopic drive device is connected to a vertically arranged connecting rod, the lower end of which is connected to the wave generator 2. The extension or retraction of the telescopic drive device can move the wave generator 2 up and down via the connecting rod. By changing the extension speed and frequency of the telescopic drive device, the wave waveform can be adjusted, thereby changing the wave width and wavelength, simulating the air-sea exchange process under different wave conditions, and ensuring the accuracy of the simulation. When the wave generator 2 is in its lowest position, its upper end is above the sea surface; when it is in its initial position, its lower end is slightly below the sea surface.

[0030] In this embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device includes a wave-dissipating plate 5, which is arranged near the second sidewall 12. The wave-dissipating plate 5 has a vertically inclined wave-dissipating surface 51 on the side facing the first sidewall 11, with the surface 51 facing upwards towards the first sidewall 11. Specifically, the wave-dissipating plate 5 is a right-angled triangular inclined plate. The first right-angled surface of the wave-dissipating plate 5 abuts against the bottom wall of the receiving cavity 14, and the second right-angled surface abuts against the second sidewall 12. The inclined surface of the wave-dissipating plate 5 is inclined upwards towards the first sidewall 11. When waves are transmitted to the wave-dissipating plate 5, the friction between the inclined surface of the wave-dissipating plate 5 and the seawater can dissipate the energy of the waves, thereby reducing the echo effect. The wave-dissipating plate 5 functions similarly to a beach, preventing large echoes from being generated when simulating ocean waves in a small simulation device, thus affecting the simulation results. In this embodiment, the wave-dissipating plate 5 is completely submerged in seawater, and the angle of the inclined surface of the wave-dissipating plate 5 is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 50°. Furthermore, a pad 8 is provided at the bottom of the wave damping plate 5 near the second side wall 12. The tilt angle of the inclined surface of the wave damping plate 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the pad 8. The thickness of the pad 8 can be adjusted for different types of waves to eliminate wave echoes to the greatest extent.

[0031] Furthermore, to ensure that the air-sea exchange conditions simulated by the simulation device match the actual sea surface conditions, in this embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device includes a sunlight simulation device 6 for emitting simulated sunlight into the receiving cavity 14.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the top of the simulation reaction chamber 1 has a transparent cover 13, and the sunlight simulation device 6 is positioned above the transparent cover 13 and facing the receiving cavity 14. The transparent cover 13 is made of quartz glass, and at least part of the perimeter of the chamber is made of quartz glass, thus facilitating the observation of wave morphology by operators. In this embodiment, the simulation reaction chamber 1 is constructed from 316L stainless steel and quartz glass plates. The simulation reaction chamber 1 is 3 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 0.8 meters high. Stainless steel and quartz glass have good corrosion resistance and low volatile organic compounds, which can prevent the simulation reaction chamber 1 itself from reacting with seawater and affecting the simulation results. The first sidewall 11 and the second sidewall 12 are located at opposite ends of the length of the simulation reaction chamber 1. The distance between the first sidewall 11 and the second sidewall 12 in the receiving cavity 14 reaches 3 meters, which can effectively reduce the impact of wave echoes and wall losses of gas and particulate matter, effectively improving the quality of simulation data.

[0033] In this embodiment, the sunlight simulation device 6 includes multiple LEDs. By changing the spectrum and light intensity of each LED, the simulation of sunlight is achieved. This ensures the photochemical reaction conditions of seawater, making the simulated inward air-sea exchange conditions more consistent with the actual sea surface conditions.

[0034] In this embodiment, the air-sea exchange simulation device includes a particulate matter generating plate 4 disposed in the receiving cavity 14. The upper end of the particulate matter generating plate 4 is rotatably connected to the box body, and the lower end of the particulate matter generating plate 4 extends into the seawater. Rotating the particulate matter generating plate 4 causes the lower end of the particulate matter generating plate 4 to swing toward the first side wall 11 or the second side wall 12, thereby realizing the adjustment of the angle of the particulate matter generating plate 4.

[0035] Specifically, the waves generated by wave generator 2 impact the particulate matter generating plate 4, producing bubbles. These bubbles burst, releasing gaseous particles that can mix into the atmosphere. These particles are typically sea salt particles, PM2.5, etc. By adjusting the tilt angle of the particulate matter generating plate 4, the contact area and impact force of the waves hitting the plate can be altered. Greater impact force generates more bubbles, accelerating the sea-air exchange rate. The impact of seawater against the coast is similar to the impact of the particulate matter generating plate 4 in this embodiment. By setting up the particulate matter generating plate 4, the effects of sea-air exchange along the coast can be simulated.

[0036] The transparent cover 13 has a connecting frame 7 fixed to its lower middle part. The upper end of the particulate generating plate 4 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 7. The connecting frame 7 is also equipped with a locking mechanism for locking the particulate generating plate 4. Specifically, the upper end of the particulate generating plate 4 is fixed with a rotating shaft. The connecting frame 7 has a mounting hole with its axial direction parallel to the width direction of the simulated reaction chamber 1. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the mounting hole. The locking mechanism includes a locking screw that passes through the wall of the mounting hole. The threaded end of the locking screw passes through the wall of the mounting hole and abuts against the outside of the rotating shaft. Tightening the locking screw allows the threaded end of the locking screw to press against the rotating shaft, thereby locking the rotating shaft and keeping the angle of the particulate generating plate 4 fixed.

[0037] An embodiment of an air-sea exchange experimental system includes the aforementioned air-sea exchange simulation device and a gas detection device. The air inlet of the gas detection device is connected to the upper part of the receiving cavity 14 of the air-sea exchange simulation device. Specifically, the gas detection device includes a time-of-flight mass spectrometer for detecting volatile organic compounds, a carbon dioxide analyzer, an ozone analyzer, and a PM2.5 analyzer, thereby detecting the content of volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, ozone, and PM2.5 in the gas in the upper part of the receiving cavity 14.

[0038] Furthermore, the air-sea exchange test system also includes a water quality monitoring device for detecting the seawater in the containment chamber 14. Specifically, the water quality monitoring device can be a Hydrolab HL7 online water quality monitor, which monitors parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a, conductivity, temperature, and salinity.

[0039] In this embodiment, the air-sea exchange test system also includes an aerosol generator, the outlet of which is connected to the upper part of the receiving cavity 14. Specifically, by adjusting the aerosol content introduced into the upper part of the receiving cavity 14, the air-sea exchange under different aerosol concentration conditions can be detected.

[0040] In this embodiment, the air-sea exchange test system also includes an ozone generator, the outlet of which is connected to the upper part of the receiving cavity 14. By adjusting the ozone content introduced into the upper part of the receiving cavity 14, the air-sea exchange under different ozone concentration conditions can be detected.

[0041] Furthermore, the air-sea exchange test system also includes cylinder gases for nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide, with the outlets of these cylinder gases connected to the upper part of the containment chamber 14. By adjusting the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide introduced into the upper part of the containment chamber 14, the air-sea exchange conditions under various nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide concentrations can be simulated.

[0042] Among them, gas detection devices and water quality detection devices can be used for detection in real time online or in timed offline mode.

[0043] In this embodiment, the air-sea exchange test system includes a circulating pump 91 and a water chiller 92. The receiving cavity 14, the circulating pump 91, and the water chiller 92 are sequentially connected to form a water circulation loop. Specifically, the two side walls of the simulated reaction tank 1 are respectively provided with water inlets and outlets. The circulating pump 91 and the water chiller 92 are installed outside the simulated reaction tank 1. The water inlet of the circulating pump 91 is connected to the water outlet, the water outlet of the circulating pump 91 is connected to the water inlet of the water chiller 92, and the water outlet of the water chiller 92 is connected to the water inlet. The water chiller 92 and the circulating pump 91 can realize the flow of simulated seawater and control the water temperature within a set range.

[0044] In summary, the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention includes a simulation reaction chamber 1, a wave generator 2, and a drive mechanism 3. The simulation reaction chamber 1 has a receiving cavity 14, the lower part of which is used to receive seawater. The wave generator 2 is disposed in the receiving cavity 14. The two opposite side walls of the receiving cavity 14 are defined as a first side wall 11 and a second side wall 12, respectively. The wave generator 2 is arranged close to the first side wall 11, and the side of the wave generator 2 facing the second side wall 12 has a water-pushing surface 21, which is arranged downwards from the second side wall 12. The drive mechanism 3 is connected to the simulation reaction chamber 1. The drive mechanism 3 is used to drive the wave generator 2 to move downward from the initial position, so that the water-pushing surface 21 can squeeze the seawater in the lower part of the receiving cavity 14 towards the second side wall 12, thereby pushing the seawater towards the second side wall 12 to form waves; the drive mechanism 3 is also used to drive the wave generator 2 to move upward so that the wave generator 2 returns to the initial position, so that the wave generator 2 can move downward repeatedly to maintain the continuity of waves; therefore, the air-sea exchange simulation device of the present invention can simulate the air-sea exchange situation when there are waves, and can fully reproduce the air-sea exchange conditions of the sea surface.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sea-air exchange simulation device, characterized by, The application relates to a sea-air exchange simulation device. The sea-air exchange simulation device comprises a simulation reaction box (1) having a containing cavity (14), wherein a lower part of the containing cavity (14) is used for containing seawater; a wave-making piece (2) is arranged in the containing cavity (14), and opposite two side walls of the containing cavity (14) are defined as a first side wall (11) and a second side wall (12) respectively; the wave-making piece (2) is arranged close to the first side wall (11); one side of the wave-making piece (2) towards the second side wall (12) is provided with a water pushing surface (21); and the water pushing surface (21) is arranged towards the lower part of the second side wall (12); a driving mechanism (3) is connected to the simulation reaction box (1), and the driving mechanism (3) is used for driving the wave-making piece (2) to move downwards from an initial position, so that the water pushing surface (21) extrudes the seawater in the lower part of the containing cavity (14) towards the second side wall (12); the driving mechanism (3) is also used for driving the wave-making piece (2) to move upwards, so that the wave-making piece (2) returns to the initial position; the sea-air exchange simulation device comprises a particle generating plate (4) arranged in the containing cavity (14); an upper end of the particle generating plate (4) is rotationally connected to the simulation reaction box (1); and a lower end of the particle generating plate (4) extends into the seawater; and the particle generating plate (4) is rotated to swing the lower end of the particle generating plate (4) towards the first side wall (11) or the second side wall (12). The wave generated by the wave-making piece (2) impacts on the particle generating plate (4) to generate bubbles, and the bubbles are broken to generate gas particles which can be mixed into the atmosphere; and the inclination angle of the particle generating plate (4) can be adjusted to change the contact surface and the impact force of the wave on the particle generating plate (4). The wave-making piece (2) is a wedge-shaped structural piece with a small lower end and a large upper end; and the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped structural piece forms the water pushing surface (21). The sea-air exchange simulation device comprises a wave absorbing plate (5) arranged close to the second side wall (12); and the wave absorbing plate (5) is provided with a wave absorbing surface (51) arranged in an inclined manner upwards and downwards on one side of the wave absorbing plate (5) towards the first side wall (11).

2. The sea-air exchange simulation device according to claim 1, wherein The sea-air exchange simulation device further comprises a pad (8) used for adjusting the inclination angle of the wave absorbing surface (51) of the wave absorbing plate (5); and the pad (8) is arranged at the lower part of one end of the wave absorbing plate (5) close to the second side wall (12).

3. The sea-air exchange simulation device according to claim 1, wherein The sea-air exchange simulation device comprises a sunlight simulation device (6) used for emitting simulated sunlight into the containing cavity (14).

4. The air-sea exchange simulation device according to claim 3, wherein The sea-air exchange simulation device, a gas detection device and a water quality detection device are comprised; the gas inlet of the gas detection device is communicated with the upper part of the containing cavity (14) of the sea-air exchange simulation device; and the water quality detection device is used for detecting the seawater quality in the containing cavity (14).

5. The air-sea exchange simulation device of claim 1, wherein, ​ 6. A sea-air exchange test system characterized by comprising: ​ 7. The sea-air exchange test system according to claim 6, wherein The sea-air exchange test system further comprises an aerosol generating device, and an air outlet of the aerosol generating device is in communication with an upper portion of the containing cavity (14).

8. The sea-air exchange test system according to claim 6, wherein The sea-air exchange test system further comprises an ozone generating device, and an air outlet of the ozone generating device is in communication with an upper portion of the containing cavity (14).

9. The sea-air exchange test system according to claim 6, wherein The sea-air exchange test system comprises a circulating pump (91) and a water chiller (92), and the containing cavity (14), the circulating pump (91) and the water chiller (92) are sequentially communicated to form a water circulation loop.

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