Inductive Pre-Charging Device for Efficient Energy Conversion and Fast Response

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an inductive pre-charging device with efficient energy conversion and fast response. In the device, the positive electrode of the battery assembly is connected to the first end of the electrical energy storage assembly. The second end of the electrical energy storage assembly is connected to the first end of the component to be charged and the first end of the third resistor through the first resistor. The second end of the component to be charged is connected to the first end of the first switch assembly through the second resistor. The second ends of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are both connected to the negative electrode of the battery assembly. The first end of the second switch assembly is connected to the second end of the third resistor. The control assembly is connected to the control ends of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly, and is used to output a first switch control signal and a second switch control signal to act on the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly respectively, so as to charge the component to be charged. The embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the charging efficiency, shorten the response time, reduce the system equipment cost, and improve the application range of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of charging technologies, and in particular, to an inductive pre-charging device with efficient energy conversion and fast response. Background Art

[0002] In scientific experiments and practical applications, it is often necessary to charge a large inductive component within an extremely short time. According to the inductance theorem dI / dt = V / L, this requires an extremely high voltage. Currently, in order to improve the charging speed, the commonly used solution is to use a large-voltage DC source of about 500V as the power supply, supplemented by a feedback loop to achieve the purpose. This solution has several disadvantages: First, the large inductive component only requires a large voltage for a short time during fast charging, and only a very small voltage is required to maintain the normal operation of the circuit in the remaining steady-state conditions. Using a large-voltage DC source will cause great waste. Second, at a constant power, the output current range of the large-voltage DC source is small, and it is not applicable in some problem scenarios where a large current output is required in the steady state. Third, in the steady state, most of the voltage drop in the circuit occurs on the switching device, which will generate great heat, causing waste of energy and potential safety hazards.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a new charging device to improve the charging efficiency, shorten the response time, reduce the system equipment cost, and expand the application range of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an inductive pre-charging device with efficient energy conversion and fast response, the device including a battery assembly, an electrical energy storage assembly, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first switch assembly, a second switch assembly, and a control assembly, wherein,

[0005] The positive electrode of the battery assembly is connected to the first end of the electrical energy storage assembly,

[0006] The second end of the electrical energy storage assembly is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the component to be charged and the first end of the third resistor,

[0007] The second end of the component to be charged is connected to the first end of the first switch assembly through the second resistor,

[0008] The second ends of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are both connected to the negative electrode of the battery assembly,

[0009] The first end of the second switch assembly is connected to the second end of the third resistor,

[0010] The control component is connected to the control ends of the first switch component and the second switch component, and is configured to output a first switch control signal and a second switch control signal to act on the first switch component and the second switch component respectively, so as to charge the component to be charged.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, in a first time period, the first switch control signal and the second switch control signal are used to control the first switch component and the second switch component to conduct, so that the current in the branch where the first switch component is located reaches a first preset current, and the current in the branch where the second switch component is located reaches a second preset current, and the second preset current is the difference between the target charging current of the component to be charged and the first preset current;

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, in a second time period, the second switch control signal is used to control the second switch component to turn off, so as to charge the component to be charged.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, in a third time period, the first switch control signal is used to control the first switch component to disconnect, and the second switch control signal is used to control the second switch component to conduct, so as to discharge the component to be charged.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the control component includes a control unit, a signal generation unit, a first feedback unit, a second feedback unit, a first current detection unit, and a second current detection unit, where

[0015] The output end of the control unit is connected to the input end of the signal generation unit,

[0016] The first reference signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the reference signal input end of the first feedback unit, and is configured to output a first reference signal,

[0017] The first feedforward signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the feedforward signal input end of the first feedback unit, and is configured to output a first feedforward signal,

[0018] The second reference signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the reference signal input end of the second feedback unit, and is configured to output a second reference signal,

[0019] The second feedforward signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the feedforward signal input end of the second feedback unit, and is configured to output a second feedforward signal,

[0020] The first current detection unit is disposed between the component to be charged and the second resistor,

[0021] The second current detection unit is disposed between the second switch component and the first switch component.

[0022] The current detection input terminal of the first feedback unit is connected to the output terminal of the first current detection unit, and is configured to receive a first feedback signal output by the first current detection unit.

[0023] The current detection input terminal of the second feedback unit is connected to the output terminal of the second current detection unit, and is configured to receive a second feedback signal output by the second current detection unit.

[0024] The first feedback unit is configured to generate the first switch control signal according to the first reference signal, the first feedforward signal, and the first feedback signal.

[0025] The second feedback unit is configured to generate the second switch control signal according to the second reference signal, the second feedforward signal, and the second feedback signal.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, generating the first switch control signal according to the first reference signal, the first feedforward signal, and the first feedback signal includes: amplifying a difference signal between the first reference signal and the first feedback signal by a first preset amplification factor to obtain a first amplified signal; summing the first amplified signal and the first feedforward signal to obtain the first switch control signal.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, generating the second switch control signal according to the second reference signal, the second feedforward signal, and the second feedback signal includes: amplifying a difference signal between the second reference signal and the second feedback signal by a second preset amplification factor to obtain a second amplified signal; summing the second amplified signal and the second feedforward signal to obtain the second switch control signal.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the electrical energy storage component includes a parallel-connected electrical energy storage inductor and a fifth resistor, and the component to be charged includes a to-be-charged inductor.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the device further includes a protection module, and the protection module includes a protection diode and a fourth resistor, where:

[0030] The anode of the protection diode is connected to the first end of the first switch component and the second end of the second resistor, and the cathode of the protection diode is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor.

[0031] The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the component to be charged.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the protection module further includes:

[0033] A varistor, where the first end of the varistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery assembly, and the second end of the varistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery assembly.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the first switch component is a MOSFET transistor, and the second switch component is an IGBT transistor.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the output voltage of the battery assembly is less than 50V.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery assembly supplies power to the electrical energy storage component to store electrical energy. When fast charging is required, the electrical energy storage component can discharge to the component to be charged, acting as an instantaneous large voltage source to achieve charging in a short time, thereby improving the charging efficiency, shortening the response time, reducing the system equipment cost, and expanding the application scope of the device.

[0037] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit the present disclosure. Other features and aspects of the present disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain the technical solutions of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 1 Shows an inductive pre-charging device with high-efficiency energy conversion and fast response according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 2 Shows an inductive pre-charging device with high-efficiency energy conversion and fast response according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 3a Shows a signal response diagram of directly using a battery assembly to charge a component to be charged in the related art. Figure 3b Shows a signal response diagram of adopting a first feedback unit and a second feedback unit, without adding a feedforward signal and without using an electrical energy storage device. Figure 3c Shows a signal response diagram of adopting a first feedback unit, a second feedback unit, adding a feedforward signal and using an electrical energy storage device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0042] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements having the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0043] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These are only for convenience in describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present disclosure.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0045] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The term "exemplary" used herein means "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" herein need not be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0047] The term "and / or" in this article merely describes the associated relationship of associated objects and indicates that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" in this article means any one of a plurality or any combination of at least two of a plurality. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can represent any one or more elements selected from the set composed of A, B, and C.

[0048] In addition, to better illustrate the present disclosure, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present disclosure can be implemented without some specific details. In some instances, methods, means, elements, and circuits well-known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail to highlight the gist of the present disclosure.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which shows an inductive pre-charging device with high-efficiency energy conversion and fast response according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, the device includes a battery assembly U1, an electrical energy storage assembly 10, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first switch assembly 20, a second switch assembly 30, and a control assembly 40. Among them,

[0051] the positive pole of the battery assembly U1 is connected to the first end of the electrical energy storage assembly 10,

[0052] the second end of the electrical energy storage assembly 10 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of a component to be charged 50 and the first end of the third resistor R3,

[0053] the second end of the component to be charged 50 is connected to the first end of the first switch assembly 20 through the second resistor R2,

[0054] the second end of the first switch assembly 20 and the second end of the second switch assembly 30 are both connected to the negative pole of the battery assembly U1,

[0055] the first end of the second switch assembly 30 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3,

[0056] the control assembly 40 is connected to the control ends of the first switch assembly 20 and the second switch assembly 30, and is used to output a first switch control signal and a second switch control signal to act on the first switch assembly 20 and the second switch assembly 30 respectively to realize charging of the component to be charged 50.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery assembly U1 supplies power to the electrical energy storage assembly 10 to store electrical energy. When fast charging is required, the electrical energy storage assembly 10 can discharge to the component to be charged 50, acting as an instantaneous large voltage source, realizing charging with a smaller battery assembly U1 in a short time, thereby improving the charging efficiency, shortening the response time, reducing the system equipment cost, and expanding the application scope of the device.

[0058] Exemplarily, the battery assembly U1 can charge the electrical energy storage assembly 10 in advance. When it is necessary to quickly charge the component 50 to be charged, the electrical energy storage assembly 10 can discharge to charge the component 50 to be charged.

[0059] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific implementation manners of the battery assembly U1, the electrical energy storage assembly 10, the first switch assembly 20, the second switch assembly 30, and the control assembly 40. Those skilled in the art can set them according to actual situations and needs as long as the corresponding functions can be achieved.

[0060] Exemplarily, the battery assembly U1 may include one or more batteries. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific power supply parameters of the battery assembly U1. Those skilled in the art can set them according to actual situations and needs. Exemplarily, since an electrical energy storage component is used for energy storage, the embodiments of the present disclosure can set the voltage of the battery assembly U1 to a relatively small voltage. For example, it can be less than 50V. Preferably, the power supply voltage of the battery assembly U1 can be 18V, and the battery assembly U1 can adopt an adjustable DC voltage source, which is adjusted to a constant voltage output of 4.8V to transmit electrical energy to the electrical energy storage assembly. The embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve power supply with a large voltage (1000 - 2000V) using a small voltage source. Compared with the related art that uses a large voltage source of 400 - 500V, it can significantly reduce costs and improve the corresponding speed. For example, the related art often requires a response time of about hundreds of microseconds, while the response time of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure reaches about 10μs.

[0061] Exemplarily, the first switch assembly 20 and the second switch assembly 30 can include any one of a relay, a reed switch, a thyristor, a switching diode, a switching triode, an electronic bidirectional switch, an optocoupler, a transistor, etc. The transistor can be a Metal - Oxide - Semiconductor Field - Effect Transistor (MOSFET) or an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT). Among them, the transistor can be implemented based on silicon carbide (SiC) or gallium nitride (GaN) to improve performance.

[0062] Preferably, the first switch assembly 20 can be implemented by a MOSFET transistor, and the second switch assembly 30 can be implemented by an IGBT transistor.

[0063] Exemplarily, the control component 40 may include a processing component or other logic circuits. Exemplarily, the processing component includes, but is not limited to, a single processor, discrete components, or a combination of a processor and discrete components. The processor may include a controller in an electronic device having an instruction execution function, and the processor may be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, it may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components. Inside the processor, the executable instructions may be executed by hardware circuits such as logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers.

[0064] Of course, a storage module may also be provided in the device. For example, the storage module may be integrated into the control component 40 to store the relevant parameters and configuration methods of the required signals in the storage module for easy retrieval by the control component 40.

[0065] In one example, the storage module may include a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk, mechanical encoding devices such as punched cards or raised structures in grooves storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the above. The computer-readable storage medium used herein is not construed as an instantaneous signal itself, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagated through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., optical pulses through an optical fiber cable), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0066] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific manner in which the control component 40 generates the first switching control signal and the second switching control signal. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation and needs. For example, the charging process of the component 50 to be charged can be simulated and tested in advance to obtain the optimal configuration parameters of the first switching control signal and the second switching control signal during the charging process of each component 50 to be charged, and the configuration parameters are stored in the storage module. In the storage module, the correspondence between the identifier (such as number) of the component 50 to be charged and the configuration parameters of the control signal can be stored. In this way, in the case of experiments or other situations where the component 50 to be charged needs to be quickly charged, the control component 40 can retrieve the corresponding configuration parameters from the storage module according to the number of the component 50 to be charged to generate the corresponding first switching control signal and second switching control signal, so as to control the switching states of the first switching component 20 and the second switching component 30 and realize the charging of the component 50 to be charged. Exemplarily, the configuration parameters can include, for example, the working timing, signal amplitude, signal pulse width, duty cycle, etc. of the first switching control signal and the second switching control signal. Of course, the configuration parameters can also include others, as long as the first switching control signal and the second switching control signal can be directly output according to the configuration parameters.

[0067] In a possible implementation manner, in the first time period, the control component can control the first switching component 20 and the second switching component 30 to conduct through the first switching control signal and the second switching control signal, so that the current in the branch where the first switching component 20 is located reaches a first preset current, and the current in the branch where the second switching component 30 is located reaches a second preset current. The second preset current is the difference between the target charging current of the component 50 to be charged and the first preset current. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific magnitudes of the first preset current, the second preset current, and the target charging current. Those skilled in the art can set them according to the actual situation and needs.

[0068] In a possible implementation manner, in the second time period, the second switching component 30 is controlled to turn off by using the second switching control signal to charge the component 50 to be charged.

[0069] In a possible implementation manner, in the third time period, the first switching component 20 is controlled to turn off by using the first switching control signal, and the second switching component 30 is controlled to conduct by using the second switching control signal to discharge the component 50 to be charged.

[0070] Exemplarily, the first time period can be the time period before the second time period, that is, the first time period corresponds to the pre-charging time period, the second time period corresponds to the charging time period, and the third time period can be the time period after the second time period, that is, the third time period corresponds to the discharging time period.

[0071] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific durations of the first time period, the second time period, and the third time period, and those skilled in the art can set them according to actual situations and needs.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 , which shows an inductive pre-charging device with efficient energy conversion and fast response according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0073] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 2 shown, the control component 40 may include a control unit 410, a signal generation unit 420, a first feedback unit 430, a second feedback unit 440, a first current detection unit 450, and a second current detection unit 460, where

[0074] the output end of the control unit 410 is connected to the input end of the signal generation unit 420,

[0075] the first reference signal output end of the signal generation unit 420 is connected to the reference signal input end of the first feedback unit 430 for outputting a first reference signal,

[0076] the first feedforward signal output end of the signal generation unit 420 is connected to the feedforward signal input end of the first feedback unit 430 for outputting a first feedforward signal,

[0077] the second reference signal output end of the signal generation unit 420 is connected to the reference signal input end of the second feedback unit 440 for outputting a second reference signal,

[0078] the second feedforward signal output end of the signal generation unit 420 is connected to the feedforward signal input end of the second feedback unit 440 for outputting a second feedforward signal,

[0079] the first current detection unit 450 is disposed between the component to be charged 50 and the second resistor R2,

[0080] the second current detection unit 460 is disposed between the second switch component 30 and the first switch component 20,

[0081] the current detection input end of the first feedback unit 430 is connected to the output end of the first current detection unit 450 for receiving a first feedback signal output by the first current detection unit 450,

[0082] the current detection input end of the second feedback unit 440 is connected to the output end of the second current detection unit 460 for receiving a second feedback signal output by the second current detection unit 460,

[0083] The first feedback unit 430 is configured to generate the first switching control signal according to the first reference signal, the first feedforward signal, and the first feedback signal;

[0084] The second feedback unit 440 is configured to generate the second switching control signal according to the second reference signal, the second feedforward signal, and the second feedback signal.

[0085] It should be understood that the above examples are only introductions of preferred examples and are not limiting. Those skilled in the art can also make changes. For example, the signal generation unit 420 can only generate the first reference signal and the second reference signal and act on the corresponding feedback units. Of course, in order to improve the response speed of the circuit, the signal generation unit 420 in the embodiments of the present disclosure generates the first reference signal, the second reference signal, the first feedforward signal, and the second feedforward signal and acts on the corresponding feedback units.

[0086] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific implementation manners of the control unit 410, the signal generation unit 420, the first feedback unit 430, the second feedback unit 440, the first current detection unit 450, and the second current detection unit 460. Those skilled in the art can adopt relevant technologies according to actual situations and needs.

[0087] Exemplarily, the control unit 410 may include the aforementioned processing components.

[0088] Exemplarily, the signal generation unit 420 may include, for example, a signal generator, and the signal generator may be, for example, a square wave generator.

[0089] Exemplarily, the first current detection unit 450 and the second current detection unit 460 may include current sensors such as Hall current sensors and electromagnetic current transformers. When there is current flowing through the corresponding branch wires, the first current detection unit 450 and the second current detection unit 460 are configured to convert the detected current into a voltage analog signal that can reflect the magnitude of the current and transmit it to the corresponding feedback unit.

[0090] Exemplarily, the first feedback unit 430 and the second feedback unit 440 may include, for example, a PI controller and an adder. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific implementation manner of the PI controller. Those skilled in the art can adopt relevant technologies according to actual situations and needs. Of course, those skilled in the art can also use a multi-stage operational amplifier (including a multi-stage amplifier, an integrator, etc.) to replace the PI controller.

[0091] Exemplarily, the control unit 410 may control the signal generation unit 420 to generate corresponding feedforward signals (voltage signals) and reference signals (voltage signals) according to the magnitudes of the first preset current, the second preset current, the target charging current, or other control parameter control signals input by an external host computer. For example, the control unit 410 may, according to a preset instruction, instruct the signal generation unit 420 to output corresponding reference signals and feedforward signals to the first feedback unit 430 and the second feedback unit 440 at the moment of charging / discharging required, so as to control the first switch assembly 20 and the second switch assembly 30 to start the charging / discharging process. For example, the first reference signal and the first feedforward signal may be set according to the magnitude of the first preset current. The first reference signal corresponds to the first preset current, and the first feedforward signal is used to adjust the equivalent resistance of the first switch assembly 20. Among them, the first reference signal may be, for example, an analog signal corresponding to the first preset current and is used to be input into the first feedback unit 430, so that the first feedback unit 430 uses the first reference signal and the first feedback signal (an analog signal corresponding to the current in the branch where the first switch assembly 20 is located) to realize the feedback regulation of the current in the branch where the first switch assembly 20 is located. Since it takes a certain time (e.g., 500 μs) for the first feedback unit 430 to establish the switching control signal of the first switch assembly 20 by using the first reference signal and the first feedback signal, during the 500 μs, the first feedback unit 430 directly outputs the first feedforward signal. Through the first feedforward signal, the on-state equivalent resistance of the first switch assembly 20 (MOSFET transistor) can be changed in the microsecond level. In this way, after 500 μs, under the control of the first switching control signal, the current in the branch where the first switch assembly 20 is located can quickly reach the first preset current. Those skilled in the art should understand that the on-state equivalent resistance of the MOSFET transistor is related to the gate drive voltage (Vgs). When the drive voltage increases, the on-state equivalent resistance becomes smaller. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, by first applying the first feedforward signal within 500 μs to increase the gate drive voltage, the equivalent resistance of the MOSFET can be effectively reduced. Of course, the specific magnitude of the first feedforward signal is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can set it according to actual situations and needs. For example, the voltage of the first feedforward signal may be set to be less than the on-state voltage of the MOSFET transistor;

[0092] For example, the control unit 410 may set a second reference signal and a second feedforward signal according to the magnitude of the second preset current. The second reference signal corresponds to the second preset current, and the second feedforward signal is used to adjust the equivalent resistance of the second switching component 30. The specific amplitudes of the first feedforward signal and the second feedforward signal are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art may set them according to actual situations and needs. Among them, the second reference signal may be, for example, an analog signal corresponding to the second preset current and is used to be input into the second feedback unit 440, so that the second feedback unit 440 uses the second reference signal and the second feedback signal (the analog signal corresponding to the current in the branch where the second switching component 30 is located) to implement the feedback regulation of the current in the branch where the second switching component 30 is located. Since it takes a certain amount of time (such as 500 μs) for the second feedback unit 440 to establish the switching control signal of the second switching component 30 by using the second reference signal and the second feedback signal, during the 500 μs, the second feedback unit 440 directly outputs the second feedforward signal, and the equivalent on-resistance of the second switching component 30 (IGBT transistor) can be changed at the microsecond level through the second feedforward signal. In this way, after 500 μs, under the control of the second switching control signal, the current in the branch where the second switching component 30 is located can quickly reach the second preset current. Those skilled in the art should understand that the on-resistance of the IGBT is related to the gate drive voltage (Vgs). When the drive voltage increases, the on-resistance becomes smaller. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, by applying the second feedforward signal to increase the gate drive voltage within 500 μs, the equivalent resistance of the IGBT can be effectively reduced. Of course, the specific magnitude of the second feedforward signal is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art may set it according to actual situations and needs. For example, the voltage of the second feedforward signal may be set to be less than the on-voltage of the IGBT transistor.

[0093] In a possible implementation manner, the generating the first switching control signal according to the first reference signal, the first feedforward signal, and the first feedback signal may include: amplifying the difference signal between the first reference signal and the first feedback signal by a first preset amplification factor to obtain a first amplified signal; and summing the first amplified signal and the first feedforward signal to obtain the first switching control signal. Exemplarily, both the first reference signal and the first feedback signal are voltage analog signals, the first amplified signal is a voltage signal, and the first feedforward signal is a voltage signal. Among them, the first feedback signal may be a current value measured by a DAC, and the signal can be regarded as a voltage signal reflecting the magnitude of the current.

[0094] Exemplarily, the first feedback unit 430 may include, for example, a PI controller. Through the PI controller, the difference signal between the first reference signal and the first feedback signal can be determined, and the difference signal is amplified by a first preset amplification factor to obtain the first amplified signal. Herein, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the difference signal between the magnitudes of the currents of the first reference signal and the first feedback signal is determined by the PI controller, and the difference signal is amplified by a first preset amplification factor to obtain the first amplified signal. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific magnitude of the first preset amplification factor, and those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation and needs.

[0095] Exemplarily, the first feedback unit 430 may further include an adder. The first input terminal of the adder is used to receive the first amplified signal, and the second input terminal is used to receive the first feedforward signal. The adder is used to sum the first amplified signal and the first feedforward signal to obtain the first switch control signal of the first switch component 20.

[0096] It should be understood that since it takes a certain time (e.g., 500 μs) for the PI controller to output the first amplified signal, during the 500 μs, the signal actually output by the first feedback unit 430 is the first feedforward signal. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the equivalent resistance of the first switch component 20 (MOSFET transistor) can be changed in the microsecond order of magnitude through the first feedforward signal. In this way, after 500 μs, under the control of the first switch control signal, the current in the branch where the first switch component 20 is located can quickly reach the first preset current.

[0097] In a possible implementation manner, generating the second switch control signal according to the second reference signal, the second feedforward signal, and the second feedback signal may include: amplifying the difference signal between the second reference signal and the second feedback signal by a second preset amplification factor to obtain a second amplified signal; summing the second amplified signal and the second feedforward signal to obtain the second switch control signal. Exemplarily, both the second reference signal and the second feedback signal are voltage analog signals, and the second feedback signal may be a current value measured by a DAC, and the signal can be regarded as a voltage signal reflecting the magnitude of the current.

[0098] Exemplarily, the second feedback unit 440 may include, for example, a PI controller. Through the PI controller, the difference signal between the second reference signal and the second feedback signal can be determined, and the difference signal is amplified by a second preset amplification factor to obtain the second amplified signal. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific magnitude of the second preset amplification factor, and those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual situation and needs.

[0099] Exemplarily, the second feedback unit 440 may further include an adder. The first input terminal of the adder is used to receive the second amplified signal, and the second input terminal is used to receive the second feedforward signal. The adder is used to sum the second amplified signal and the second feedforward signal to obtain a second switch control signal.

[0100] It should be understood that since the PI controller takes a certain time (such as 500 μs) to output the second amplified signal, during the 500 μs, the signal actually output by the second feedback unit 440 is the second feedforward signal. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the second feedforward signal can be used to change the equivalent resistance of the second switch component 30 (IGBT transistor) in the microsecond order of magnitude. In this way, after 500 μs, under the control of the second switch control signal, the current in the branch where the second switch component 30 is located can quickly reach the second preset current.

[0101] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 2 shown, the electrical energy storage component 10 may include a parallel electrical energy storage inductor L1 and a fifth resistor R5.

[0102] Exemplarily, the component to be charged 50 may be of an inductor type, as Figure 2 shown, for example, the component to be charged 50 includes a to-be-charged inductor L2.

[0103] Exemplarily, the inductance value of the to-be-charged inductor L2 is 3.8 mH, and the inductance value of the electrical energy storage inductor L1 is 10 mH. Of course, the inductance values of the electrical energy storage inductor L1 and the to-be-charged inductor L2 may also be other values, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0104] Exemplarily, the electrical energy storage inductor L1 stores electrical energy before the component to be charged 50 is charged, and quickly releases the stored electrical energy when the component to be charged 50 needs to be charged, acting as an instantaneous large voltage source. The parallel fifth resistor R5 is used to limit the instantaneous voltage generated by the electrical energy storage inductor L1.

[0105] In a possible implementation manner, as Figure 2 shown, the device further includes a protection module 60. The protection module 60 may include a protection diode D1 and a fourth resistor R4, where:

[0106] The anode of the protection diode D1 is connected to the first end of the first switch component 20 and the second end of the second resistor R2, and the cathode of the protection diode D1 is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4.

[0107] The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the component to be charged 50.

[0108] Exemplarily, the protection module 60 can rapidly consume the current in the branch where the component 50 to be charged is located during discharging, while preventing each component from being affected by voltage pulses.

[0109] In a possible implementation, as Figure 2 shown, the protection module 60 may further include:

[0110] A varistor R6, where the first end of the varistor R6 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery component U1, and the second end of the varistor R6 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery component U1.

[0111] Exemplarily, the varistor R6 can be used to protect the battery component U1. When releasing the current in the energy storage inductor L1, a huge reverse voltage may be generated, which may damage the battery component U1. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the varistor R6, the battery component U1 can be protected. When the voltage across the battery component U1 is too large, the resistance value of the varistor R6 decreases, allowing a larger current to flow through the varistor R6, thereby preventing the current flowing through the battery component U1 from being too large and damaging the battery component U1.

[0112] In a possible implementation, the first switch component 20 is a MOSFET transistor, and the second switch component 30 is an IGBT transistor. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by using MOSFET transistors and IGBT transistors, the opening and closing of the circuit branch and the main circuit are controlled after receiving a signal, so that the current passing through the energy storage component 10 changes rapidly, realizing fast charging and discharging of electric energy. Among them, the MOSFET transistor controls the branch where the component 50 to be charged is located, and the IGBT transistor switch controls the branch parallel to the component 50 to be charged. When the component 50 to be charged needs to be charged, the MOSFET transistor is connected and the IGBT transistor is disconnected; when the component 50 to be charged needs to be discharged, the MOSFET transistor is disconnected and the IGBT transistor is connected.

[0113] Next, a Figure 2 exemplary introduction to the charging and discharging process will be given.

[0114] Exemplarily, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, an MOSFET transistor is used to control the branch where the component 50 to be charged is located (denoted as branch one), and an IGBT transistor is used to control another branch connected in parallel therewith (denoted as branch two). By selecting the MOSFET transistor and the IGBT transistor, both of them can be in an off state when receiving a low-level control signal and be connected when receiving a high-level control signal, and their equivalent resistance values decrease as the level increases. Therefore, as long as the levels of the control signals received by the first switch component 20 and the second switch component 30 are controlled, their equivalent resistance values can be controlled, and thus the current magnitude can be controlled. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, a large electrical energy storage inductor L1 is used as an energy storage and release device for pre-charging, and finally, the current I1 in branch one (the branch where the component 50 to be charged is located) is charged from the first preset current I1 0 to the target charging current I1 f .

[0115] Exemplarily, before the component 50 to be charged is charged, the control signals of the MOSFET transistor and the IGBT transistor are controlled by two independent feedback systems (the first feedback unit 430 and the second feedback unit 440), so that their currents are respectively locked at the first preset current I1 0 and the second preset current I2 0 =I1 f -I1 0 . Exemplarily, in the PI controller of the feedback unit, the amplified signal = (reference signal - feedback signal) * preset amplification factor. Among them, I1 0 represents the first preset current corresponding to the branch where the MOSFET transistor is located, I2 0 represents the second preset current corresponding to the branch where the IGBT transistor is located, and I1 f represents the target charging current corresponding to the branch where the MOSFET transistor is located. Exemplarily, the control unit 410 determines the corresponding reference signal according to the required current magnitude (the first preset current corresponding to branch one and the second preset current corresponding to branch two) input in advance, and sends a corresponding instruction to control the signal generation unit 420 to generate the corresponding reference signal to the feedback unit. ) The first current detection unit 450 and the second current detection unit 460 convert the current magnitude into the corresponding feedback signal and input it to the feedback unit. When the current in the branch increases, the feedback signals output by the first current detection unit 450 and the second current detection unit 460 increase, and the feedback unit can reduce the conduction time of the switch components (the first switch component 20 and the second switch component 30) through feedback control, and the switch components control the current passing through them to decrease, and finally the current is locked at a certain value (the first preset current corresponding to branch one and the second preset current corresponding to branch two). Within 5 us, the current magnitude is controlled by the feedforward signal to be the same as the locked value.

[0116] Exemplarily, when charging is required, the control component 40 inputs a low-level control signal to the IGBT transistor to quickly turn it off. At this time, the current at both ends of the energy storage inductor L1 changes instantaneously. According to dI / dt = V / L, a large voltage will be generated across the energy storage inductor L1 in a short time, and the first branch will be quickly charged under this large voltage, and the current becomes I1. f Exemplarily, in the control component 40, the signal generation unit 420 can adopt not to output the second reference signal, and output a low-level control signal to the IGBT transistor by using the path corresponding to the second feedforward signal; in addition, the second reference signal and the second feedforward signal can also not be output. In this case, the on-voltage of the IGBT transistor is lower than the on-threshold voltage, and the IGBT transistor is turned off; of course, the control unit 410 can also be connected to the enable control terminal (not shown) of the second feedback unit 440, and by outputting a low-level enable signal, the second feedback unit is stopped from outputting the corresponding second switching control signal. In this case, the on-voltage of the IGBT transistor is lower than the on-threshold voltage, and the IGBT transistor is turned off.

[0117] However, the charging curve at this time is still not smooth enough. The current I1 of the first branch will quickly decrease after quickly rising, because the electric energy stored in the energy storage inductor L1 is limited. If the equivalent resistance of the MOSFET transistor does not change, the electric energy stored in the energy storage inductor L1 will be quickly consumed on it, causing I1 to return to I1 again. 0 Moreover, the feedback circuit bandwidth for controlling the MOSFET transistor is relatively low and cannot change its equivalent resistance in time. In response to this, the embodiments of the present disclosure take the following measures: while quickly charging, a feedforward signal is added to the control signal of the MOSFET transistor to change its equivalent resistance in the order of microseconds. The rapid charging provided by the pre-charged energy storage inductor L1 and the steady-state response provided by the feedforward signal are combined to make the charging curve fast and smooth. Since the bandwidth of the MOSFET transistor is very high and its response time can reach the order of sub-microseconds, the bandwidth of the entire control loop is limited by the integrator of the PI controller of the feedback circuit. The embodiments of the present disclosure bypass the integrator of the PI controller with the feedforward signal and directly input it to the MOSFET transistor through an adder, and it can achieve a response speed of the order of sub-microseconds. Specifically, the feedforward signal is sent by the signal generation unit 420, and is added to the control signal generated by the feedback unit at a ratio of 1:1 and then output to the switching component. Due to the bandwidth limitation of the feedback unit, the amplified signal will be generated approximately 500 microseconds after the reference signal changes. The feedforward signal does not need to be calculated by the PI controller and can be generated in an extremely short time (such as 1 microsecond), so as to adjust the equivalent resistance of the MOSFET transistor and the IGBT transistor within 1 microsecond.

[0118] Exemplarily, when the component 50 to be charged needs to discharge, the MOSFET transistor can be turned off and the IGBT transistor can be turned on. At this time, the current in the component 50 to be charged is quickly consumed in the discharge loop composed of the diode and the large resistor, and the current is turned off. Exemplarily, for the turning off of the MOSFET transistor, in the control component 40, the signal generation unit 420 can stop outputting the first reference signal and output a low-level control signal to the MOSFET transistor through the path corresponding to the first feedforward signal; alternatively, the first reference signal and the first feedforward signal can be not output. In this case, the conduction voltage of the MOSFET transistor is lower than the conduction threshold voltage, and the MOSFET transistor is turned off; of course, the control unit 410 can also be connected to the enable control terminal (not shown) of the first feedback unit 430, and by outputting a low-level enable signal, the first feedback unit 430 is stopped from outputting the corresponding first switch control signal. In this case, the conduction voltage of the MOSFET transistor is lower than the conduction threshold voltage, and the MOSFET transistor is turned off. Exemplarily, for the turning on of the IGBT transistor, the signal generation unit 420 can output a second reference signal to the second feedback unit 440. Of course, the second feedforward signal can also be output to make the charging curve fast and smooth. For the description of the conduction control, please refer to the previous introduction and will not be elaborated here.

[0119] Exemplarily, the specific process corresponding to the charge / discharge of the high-efficiency energy conversion and fast-response inductive pre-charging device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may include:

[0120] As Figure 2 shown, after determining the required current magnitude and the start time of charge / discharge according to the input or pre-stored instruction, the control unit 410 can control the battery component U1 to output a target voltage (such as 4.8V). At this time, the signal generation unit 420 of the control component 40 sends a low-level first reference signal to the feedback unit, sends a high-level second reference signal to the IGBT transistor, and outputs the corresponding first feedforward signal and second feedforward signal. Through the control of two independent feedback units, the currents of branch one and branch two are respectively locked at I1 0 and I2 0 = I1 f - I1 0When the preset charging time is reached, the control component 40 inputs a low-level control signal to the IGBT transistor to quickly turn it off. At this time, the current at both ends of the energy storage inductor L1 of the energy storage component 10 changes instantaneously. According to dI / dt = V / L, a large voltage will be generated across the energy storage inductor L1 in a short time for rapid charging. While rapidly charging, the control component 40 adds a feedforward signal to the control signal of the MOSFET transistor to change the equivalent resistance of the MOSFET in the microsecond order. Under the combined action of the rapid charging provided by the energy storage inductor L1 and the steady-state response provided by the feedforward signal, the charging curve of branch one is rapid and smooth, and the current becomes I1 f When the current needs to be reduced, the control component 40 restores the MOSFET transistor signal to a low-level signal and restores the IGBT transistor signal to a high-level signal. At this time, most of the current in the component 50 to be charged is quickly consumed in the protection device 4 and finally reaches stability under the control of the feedback system in the control component 40, and the low current I1 is restored 0 。

[0121] Please refer to Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b 、 Figure 3c , Figure 3a which shows the signal response schematic diagram of directly using the battery component U1 to charge the component 50 to be charged in the related art Figure 3b which shows the signal response schematic diagram of adopting the first feedback unit 430 and the second feedback unit 440 but without adding a feedforward signal and without using an energy storage device Figure 3c which shows the signal response schematic diagram of adopting the first feedback unit 430, the second feedback unit 440, adding a feedforward signal and using an energy storage device

[0122] Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b 、 Figure 3c In [references], the blue line represents the waveform curve of the switch control signal of the switch component, and the green line represents the waveform curve of the charging current. The supply voltage of the battery component U1 in all three cases is 4.8V, and the component 50 to be charged is an inductor of 1mH

[0123] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b 、 Figure 3c the response times of the three cases are approximately 10ms, 500μs, and 10μs respectively. Among them Figure 3a 、 Figure 3b 、 Figure 3cThe time units on the horizontal axis are ms, μs, and μs respectively. It can be seen that when charging using the high-efficiency energy conversion and fast-response inductive pre-charging device of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the response speed is greatly improved. Therefore, the principle of the charging technology based on a large inductor in the embodiments of the present disclosure is correct and feasible, and has beneficial technical effects.

[0124] Due to the above technical solutions, it has the following advantages:

[0125] 1. The embodiments of the present disclosure use the electrical energy storage inductor L1 for electrical energy storage and release, and can generate a large voltage of 1000 - 2000V when the current changes rapidly, which is greater than the 400 - 500V voltage used in the traditional structure. This enables the response speed of the high-efficiency energy conversion and fast-response inductive pre-charging device of the embodiments of the present disclosure to reach about 10μs, while the traditional charging device often requires a response time of about hundreds of microseconds.

[0126] 2. Due to conditions such as large voltage sources, traditional fast charging devices need to consider issues such as protecting circuit components and adjusting the current magnitude, and the circuit design is relatively complex. The embodiments of the present disclosure only use the charging and discharging of the inductor as the main principle, and can freely adjust the current magnitude and on-off, and the circuit design is simple.

[0127] 3. The embodiments of the present disclosure only require an 18V DC power supply to achieve the same effect as a current source of several hundred volts in traditional devices, significantly reducing the equipment cost.

[0128] 4. The embodiments of the present disclosure have a large steady-state current, a wider application range compared to traditional devices, less heat generation, and less demand for a cooling system, greatly reducing potential safety hazards.

[0129] In addition, the embodiments of the present disclosure have the characteristics of high integration, long component life, and stable operation, and can be widely applied to circuit fast control systems and scientific experiments.

[0130] The above have described the embodiments of the present disclosure. The above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary skill in the art in the technical field to understand the disclosed embodiments.

Claims

1. An inductive pre-charging device with high-efficiency energy conversion and fast response, characterized in that, The device includes a battery assembly, an electrical energy storage assembly, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first switch assembly, a second switch assembly, and a control assembly. The electrical energy storage assembly includes a parallel-connected electrical energy storage inductor and a fifth resistor. Among them, The positive electrode of the battery assembly is connected to the first end of the electrical energy storage assembly. The second end of the electrical energy storage assembly is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the component to be charged and the first end of the third resistor. The second end of the component to be charged is connected to the first end of the first switch assembly through the second resistor. The second ends of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly are both connected to the negative electrode of the battery assembly. The first end of the second switch assembly is connected to the second end of the third resistor. The control assembly is connected to the control ends of the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly, and is used to output a first switch control signal and a second switch control signal to act on the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly respectively, so as to realize the charging of the component to be charged.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control assembly is used for: In a first time period, control the first switch assembly and the second switch assembly to conduct through the first switch control signal and the second switch control signal, so that the current in the branch where the first switch assembly is located reaches a first preset current, and the current in the branch where the second switch assembly is located reaches a second preset current. The second preset current is the difference between the target charging current of the component to be charged and the first preset current. In a second time period, control the second switch assembly to turn off by using the second switch control signal, so as to charge the component to be charged.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The control assembly is used for: In a third time period, control the first switch assembly to turn off by using the first switch control signal, and control the second switch assembly to conduct by using the second switch control signal, so as to discharge the component to be charged.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control assembly includes a control unit, a signal generation unit, a first feedback unit, a second feedback unit, a first current detection unit, and a second current detection unit. Among them, The output end of the control unit is connected to the input end of the signal generation unit. The first reference signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the reference signal input end of the first feedback unit, and is used to output a first reference signal. The first feedforward signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the feedforward signal input end of the first feedback unit, and is used to output a first feedforward signal. The second reference signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the reference signal input end of the second feedback unit, and is used to output a second reference signal. The second feedforward signal output end of the signal generation unit is connected to the feedforward signal input end of the second feedback unit, and is used to output a second feedforward signal. The first current detection unit is arranged between the component to be charged and the second resistor. The second current detection unit is arranged between the second switch assembly and the first switch assembly. The current detection input terminal of the first feedback unit is connected to the output terminal of the first current detection unit and is used to receive a first feedback signal output by the first current detection unit. The current detection input terminal of the second feedback unit is connected to the output terminal of the second current detection unit and is used to receive a second feedback signal output by the second current detection unit. The first feedback unit is used to generate the first switch control signal according to the first reference signal, the first feedforward signal and the first feedback signal. The second feedback unit is used to generate the second switch control signal according to the second reference signal, the second feedforward signal and the second feedback signal.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein generating the first switch control signal according to the first reference signal, the first feedforward signal and the first feedback signal includes: amplifying a difference signal between the first reference signal and the first feedback signal by a first preset amplification factor to obtain a first amplified signal; summing the first amplified signal and the first feedforward signal to obtain the first switch control signal. generating the second switch control signal according to the second reference signal, the second feedforward signal and the second feedback signal includes: amplifying a difference signal between the second reference signal and the second feedback signal by a second preset amplification factor to obtain a second amplified signal; summing the second amplified signal and the second feedforward signal to obtain the second switch control signal.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component to be charged includes an inductor to be charged.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a protection module, and the protection module includes a protection diode and a fourth resistor, wherein: The anode of the protection diode is connected to the first end of the first switch component and the second end of the second resistor, and the cathode of the protection diode is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor. The second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the component to be charged.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protection module further includes: a varistor, the first end of the varistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery component, and the second end of the varistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery component.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first switch component is a MOSFET transistor, and the second switch component is an IGBT transistor.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output voltage of the battery component is less than 50V.

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