Zero-carbon Multi-energy Cogeneration System and Method for Combined Solar and Biomass Power Generation

Abstract

The embodiments of this specification provide a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system and method for solar and biomass combined power generation. Among them, the system includes: a main solar power generation system, connected to an electrolyzed water subsystem and a biomass power generation subsystem, for generating electricity through the photovoltaic-thermal part, and selecting to transfer redundant electric energy and heat to the electrolyzed water subsystem or jointly with the biomass power generation subsystem to supplement the electric energy according to the power supply situation; an electrolyzed water subsystem, connected to the biomass power generation subsystem and a methanol synthesis subsystem, for obtaining redundant electric energy and heat and electrolyzing water, and outputting the obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem respectively; a biomass power generation subsystem, connected to the methanol synthesis subsystem, for carrying out biomass gasification and obtaining green oxygen, and using the obtained biomass gas for power supplement and outputting it to the methanol synthesis subsystem; a methanol synthesis subsystem, for producing methanol fuel and saturated steam after obtaining biomass gas and green hydrogen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy utilization, and particularly to a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system and method for combined solar and biomass power generation. Background Art

[0002] The core of achieving the dynamic balance between greenhouse gas emissions and removals is to replace fossil energy with renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy. However, wind energy and solar energy are affected by seasons and sunlight. Even with "wind-solar complementary", there is still no energy for half of the year and it cannot continuously and stably provide production energy. Therefore, to achieve this dynamic balance goal, not only short-term energy storage but also long-term energy storage technology is required. Liquids are the best energy carriers for humans. Liquids have a high energy density and can be transported over long distances across the sea at low pressure through pipelines; the storage and transportation cost of hydrogen is too high, and the explosion range of hydrogen in a closed space is the fastest.

[0003] At present, global fresh water resources are extremely scarce. For example, among more than six hundred cities in China, more than four hundred cities are short of water. Therefore, if a system can be provided to desalinate seawater using waste heat, it can not only meet the industrial water demand but also provide fresh water resources for the surrounding areas.

[0004] Currently, solar photovoltaic power generation has the following disadvantages: the efficiency of converting photovoltaic power into electrical energy is low; it is greatly related to geographical location and solar resource in each region; it is greatly affected by the climate environment and has instability and difficulty in continuity. The above problems have caused an imbalance between supply and demand, and the current solution is that the insufficient part is supplied by the power grid, and the redundant electricity is consumed through energy storage or hydrogen production when there is redundancy. However, this method also has problems: it cannot ensure the zero-carbonization of the power supply system, the cost of electrical energy storage is high, and hydrogen is not suitable for long-term storage and transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system and method for combined solar and biomass power generation, aiming to solve the above problems in the prior art.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system for combined solar and biomass power generation, including:

[0007] A main solar power generation system, connected to an electrolyzed water subsystem and a biomass power generation subsystem, for generating electricity through the photovoltaic and solar thermal parts, and selecting to output redundant electrical energy and heat energy to the electrolyzed water subsystem according to the supply-demand matching of the current electrical energy and the electrical load in the region, or supplementing the electrical energy in combination with the biomass power generation subsystem;

[0008] The electrolyzed water subsystem is connected to the main solar power generation system, the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem, and is used to obtain redundant electric energy and heat energy provided by the main solar power generation system, and perform electrolyzed water using the redundant electric energy and heat energy. The obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen are respectively output to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0009] The biomass power generation subsystem is connected to the main solar power generation system, the electrolyzed water subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem, and is used to perform biomass gasification and obtain green oxygen, use the green oxygen to assist biomass gasification, and use the obtained biomass gas for power supplement and output to the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0010] The methanol synthesis subsystem is connected to the electrolyzed water subsystem and the biomass power generation subsystem, and is used to obtain biomass gas and green hydrogen, and synthesize the biomass gas and the green hydrogen to produce methanol fuel and saturated steam.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply method for combined solar and biomass power generation, including:

[0012] Generating electricity through the photovoltaic-thermal part of the main solar power generation system, and selecting to output redundant electric energy and heat energy to the electrolyzed water subsystem according to the supply-demand matching of the current electric energy and the electric load in the region, or jointly supplementing the electric energy with the biomass power generation subsystem;

[0013] Obtain the redundant electric energy and heat energy provided by the main solar power generation system through the electrolyzed water subsystem, and perform electrolyzed water using the redundant electric energy and heat energy. The obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen are respectively output to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0014] Perform biomass gasification and obtain green oxygen through the biomass power generation subsystem, use the green oxygen to assist biomass gasification, and use the obtained biomass gas for power supplement and output to the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0015] Obtain biomass gas and green hydrogen through the methanol synthesis subsystem, and synthesize the biomass gas and the green hydrogen to produce methanol fuel and saturated steam.

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects: The embodiments of the present invention combine solar power generation and biomass gasification power generation systems, mainly using solar power generation, and using biomass gasification power generation to smooth out fluctuations, achieving a stable power consumption system while using electrolyzed water to produce green hydrogen and green oxygen, using green oxygen to gasify biomass, using green hydrogen and biomass gas to prepare a conveniently storable green liquid fuel methanol, and recovering the waste heat of the entire system in a stepped manner through water-heat co-production, a solar thermal system, an absorption refrigeration system, flue gas waste heat recovery, and industrial steam supply, realizing combined supply of multiple energy sources such as electricity, cold, heat, steam, and fresh water, and when the energy demand is less than the supply, achieving the goal of long-term energy storage through methanol. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system for solar and biomass combined power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-energy combined supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply method for solar and biomass combined power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in one or more embodiments of this specification with reference to the drawings in one or more embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, rather than all the embodiments. Based on one or more embodiments of this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this document.

[0022] System Embodiment

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system for solar and biomass combined power generation is provided. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system for solar and biomass combined power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1As shown, the zero-carbon multi-energy cogeneration system for solar energy and biomass cogeneration according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0024] The solar power generation main system 10 is connected to the water electrolysis subsystem and the biomass power generation subsystem, and is used to generate electricity through the photovoltaic and thermal parts, and according to the matching of the current power supply and demand with the power load in the area, it selects to output the redundant power and heat energy to the water electrolysis subsystem, or to supplement the power with the biomass power generation subsystem;

[0025] The solar power generation main system includes a photovoltaic thermal part and an inverter. The photovoltaic thermal part is connected to the inverter and is specifically used for:

[0026] The photovoltaic part generates electricity and converts the electricity through an inverter to supply electricity users in the area. If the current electricity is greater than or equal to the electricity load demand in the area, the redundant electricity will be transmitted to the water electrolysis subsystem, and the heat energy generated by the solar thermal part will be introduced into the water electrolysis subsystem through the water pipe; if the current electricity is less than the electricity load demand in the area, the biomass power generation subsystem will be combined to supplement the electricity;

[0027] The water electrolysis subsystem 12 is connected to the solar power generation main system, the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem, and is used to obtain redundant electric energy and thermal energy provided by the solar power generation main system, and use the redundant electric energy and thermal energy to electrolyze water, and the obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen are output to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem respectively;

[0028] The biomass power generation subsystem 14 is connected to the solar power generation main system, the water electrolysis subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem, and is used to perform biomass gasification and obtain green oxygen, use the green oxygen to assist biomass gasification, and use the obtained biomass gas for electric energy supplement and output to the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0029] The biomass power generation subsystem includes a biomass gasifier and a gas turbine. The biomass gasifier is connected to the gas turbine and is specifically used for:

[0030] Using air to gasify biomass in a biomass gasifier and obtain green oxygen generated by the water electrolysis subsystem, introducing the green oxygen into the biomass gasifier to assist biomass gasification, and using part of the obtained biomass gas for power generation in a gas turbine to achieve power supplement for the solar power generation main system; the other part of the biomass gas is output to the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0031] A methanol synthesis subsystem 16 is connected to the water electrolysis subsystem and the biomass power generation subsystem, and is used to obtain biomass gas and green hydrogen, and synthesize the biomass gas and the green hydrogen to produce methanol fuel and saturated steam;

[0032] The system further includes:

[0033] A combined heat and power subsystem, connected to the biomass power generation subsystem, the absorption refrigeration subsystem, and the flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem, for receiving the flue gas generated by the gas turbine of the biomass power generation subsystem, and using the high-temperature flue gas for seawater desalination to simultaneously supply heat and fresh water to users;

[0034] Wherein, the combined heat and power subsystem includes a combined heat and production device and an absorption heat exchanger, and the combined heat and production device is connected to the absorption heat exchanger, specifically for:

[0035] Using the high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine for seawater desalination through the combined heat and production device, replacing the high-temperature fresh water produced by the combined heat and production device with the heat network water through the absorption heat exchanger to supply heat to users, and connecting the produced medium-temperature fresh water to the feed water system such as drinking water as a supplement to the water source;

[0036] An absorption refrigeration subsystem, connected to the combined heat and power subsystem and the flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem, for receiving the flue gas provided by the combined heat and power subsystem as the driving heat source of the absorption refrigeration unit to provide chilled water for users, and using part of the low-temperature heat network return water of the combined heat and power subsystem as the cooling water of the absorption refrigeration unit to preheat this part of the heat network return water while recovering heat dissipation;

[0037] A flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem, connected to the combined heat and power subsystem and the absorption refrigeration subsystem, for receiving the cooled flue gas provided by the absorption refrigeration subsystem and performing heat exchange through a gas-liquid shell-and-tube heat exchanger to further reduce the flue gas temperature below the dew point temperature, and further preheating part of the heat network return water of the combined heat and power subsystem.

[0038] The following details the above technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the specific situation of the zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system for solar and biomass combined power generation of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention combine solar photovoltaic power generation and a biomass gasification power generation system, with solar power generation as the main, using biomass gasification power generation to smooth out fluctuations, realizing a stable power consumption system while using electrolyzed water to produce green hydrogen and green oxygen, using green oxygen to gasify biomass, using green hydrogen and biomass gas to prepare convenient-to-store green liquid fuel methanol, and through combined heat and power, a solar thermal system, an absorption refrigeration system, flue gas waste heat recovery, and industrial steam supply to hierarchically recover and utilize the waste heat of the entire system, realizing combined supply of multiple energies such as electricity, cold, heat, steam, and fresh water, and when the energy demand is less than the supply, achieving the goal of long-term energy storage through methanol.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention can realize the combined supply of "electricity, cold, heat, steam, and fresh water" by coupling a biomass power generation system with a solar photovoltaic power generation system. Through a gas-liquid shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the flue gas generated in the system is deeply recovered to below the dew point temperature, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system. At the same time, through electrolyzed water and a methanol synthesis tower, the goal of using liquid methanol for safe long-term energy storage is achieved. Combining with the large temperature difference heating technology, the return water temperature of the heat network is reduced to 25°C, and part of the return water of the heat network serves as the cooling water source for the absorption chiller and the gas-liquid shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the heat is recovered and then returned to the heat network return water pipeline.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention provide a coupled system based on solar and biomass power generation, combining an electrolyzed water hydrogen production subsystem, a biomass power generation subsystem, a methanol synthesis subsystem, a water and heat co-production subsystem, a deep recovery subsystem for flue gas waste heat, and an absorption refrigeration subsystem, achieving the goal of multi-energy combined supply and long-term energy storage of electricity, cold, heat, steam, and fresh water through the cascade utilization of energy.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0043] A solar and biomass power generation coupled system, mainly based on a solar power generation system. When the solar resources are insufficient, that is, when the photovoltaic power generation system is not operating or the power supply load is low, it is coupled with a biomass gasification-driven gas turbine power generation system for supplementation to meet the regional electricity load demand. When the regional electricity load is less than the system power generation, the redundant electricity of the system is used to electrolyze water to produce green hydrogen and oxygen. The green oxygen is transported to the biomass gasification furnace to assist in gasifying biomass, and the green hydrogen is used to synthesize green fuel methanol with the biomass gas, playing the role of consuming redundant electricity.

[0044] The multi-energy combined supply system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, includes:

[0045] A solar power generation system, mainly composed of a photovoltaic-thermal part (1) and an inverter. The photovoltaic part generates electricity and is converted by the inverter to supply electricity users in the region, and the redundant part is supplied to the electrolyzed water subsystem; the photovoltaic-thermal part is introduced into the electrolyzed water subsystem through a water pipe, while improving the efficiency of electrolyzed water and photovoltaic power generation.

[0046] A biomass power generation system, mainly composed of a biomass gasification furnace (2) and a gas turbine (3). The biomass in the biomass power generation system is gasified with the help of air. When the electrolyzer in the electrolyzed water subsystem electrolyzes water, the generated green oxygen is introduced into the biomass gasification furnace to improve the biomass gasification efficiency, that is: the generated green oxygen is used to assist biomass gasification; when the regional electricity load demand is large and the solar power generation system is insufficient, a part of the biomass gas is used to enter the gas turbine for power generation to supplement the electric energy.

[0047] The water electrolysis subsystem is mainly composed of an electrolytic cell (4). When the regional power load is less than the system power generation, the redundant power of the power generation system is used to electrolyze water to produce green hydrogen and oxygen. The green oxygen is transported to the biomass gasification furnace to assist in gasifying the biomass, and the green hydrogen is transported to the methanol synthesis subsystem for subsequent synthesis of green fuel methanol, thereby absorbing the surplus electricity.

[0048] The methanol synthesis subsystem is mainly composed of a methanol synthesis tower (5), which is used to obtain the biomass gas provided by the biomass power generation system and the green hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis subsystem, and synthesize the two to produce methanol fuel that can be used for long-term energy storage.

[0049] When biomass gas and hydrogen are used to synthesize methanol in the methanol synthesis tower, a by-product is also produced: 2.0-4.0MPa saturated steam. The saturated steam produced can be directly supplied to industrial recycling in the region, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the energy storage system.

[0050] The water-heat cogeneration subsystem is mainly composed of a water-heat cogeneration device (6) and an absorption heat exchanger (7). It uses the heat exchange temperature difference of the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine (from 400°C to 200°C) to desalinate seawater, thereby achieving the simultaneous transmission of heat and fresh water, overcoming the problem of high seawater desalination and water transmission costs. Among them, the 90°C high-temperature fresh water is replaced by 80°C hot water through the absorption heat exchanger to provide heating to users; the produced 40°C medium-temperature fresh water is connected to the drinking water and other water supply systems as a supplement to the water source.

[0051] The absorption refrigeration subsystem is mainly composed of an absorption chiller (8), which includes four major components: a generator, a condenser, an absorber, and an evaporator. On the heat network side, the heat network return water is reduced to 25°C through a building-type absorption heat exchanger to achieve large temperature difference heating. At this time, part of the heat network return water is used as cooling water for the absorption chiller to absorb the heat dissipated by the condenser and the absorber in turn, preheated to 30°C, and then used as cooling water on the flue gas heat exchange side to enter the gas-liquid shell and tube heat exchanger to further heat it to 35°C. After being incorporated into the heat network return water pipe network, it enters the water-water heat exchanger and is heated to 80°C for supply. This system uses large temperature difference heating technology, and the low-temperature return water of 25°C achieves the purpose of recovering the heat dissipation of the absorption refrigeration subsystem and recovering the latent heat of flue gas (flue gas is cooled to below the dew point temperature).

[0052] The flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem is mainly composed of a gas-liquid shell and tube heat exchanger (9). The 120°C flue gas enters the gas-liquid shell and tube heat exchanger for further heat exchange to about 40°C below the flue gas dew point temperature, completely absorbing the latent heat and part of the sensible heat of the flue gas, and further heating the heat network return water preheated from the absorption refrigeration subsystem.

[0053] Specifically, flue gas waste heat recovery consists of three stages of heat exchange. The first stage of heat exchange: as a high-temperature heat source for water-heat cogeneration, the flue gas is reduced from 400°C to 200°C; the second stage of heat exchange: as a high-temperature driving heat source for the absorption refrigeration subsystem, it enters the generator of the absorption chiller, and the flue gas is reduced from 200°C to 120°C; the third stage of heat exchange: the flue gas is reduced from 120°C to 40°C (below the flue gas dew point temperature), and the 30°C cooling water enters the gas-liquid shell and tube heat exchanger to be raised to 35°C. The 35°C water enters the heating network as part of the heat network return water and enters the water-water heat exchanger to be further heated to 80°C for supply.

[0054] The cold water of the refrigeration system is provided by the user's cold water network, and the cooling water is provided by the return water of the low-temperature heat network. Therefore, this system is suitable for areas with both cold and hot load requirements.

[0055] Method Embodiment

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a zero-carbon multi-energy co-generation method for solar energy and biomass co-generation is provided. Figure 3 is a flow chart of a zero-carbon multi-energy co-generation method for solar energy and biomass co-generation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the zero-carbon multi-energy co-generation method for solar energy and biomass co-generation according to an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0057] Step S301, generating electricity through the photovoltaic and thermal part of the solar power generation main system, and selecting to output redundant electric energy and thermal energy to the water electrolysis subsystem according to the matching of the current electric energy and the supply and demand of the electric load in the region, or combining the biomass power generation subsystem to supplement the electric energy, specifically including:

[0058] The photovoltaic part of the solar power generation system generates electricity and converts the electricity through the inverter to supply it to the electricity users in the area. If the current electricity is greater than or equal to the electricity load demand in the area, the redundant electricity will be transmitted to the water electrolysis subsystem, and the heat energy generated by the photothermal part will be introduced into the water electrolysis subsystem through the water pipe; if the current electricity is less than the electricity load demand in the area, the biomass power generation subsystem will be combined to supplement the electricity;

[0059] Step S302, obtaining redundant electric energy and thermal energy provided by the solar power generation main system through the water electrolysis subsystem, and using the redundant electric energy and thermal energy to electrolyze water, and the obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen are output to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem respectively;

[0060] Step S303, gasifying biomass and obtaining green oxygen through the biomass power generation subsystem, using the green oxygen to assist biomass gasification, and using the obtained biomass gas to supplement electricity and output to the methanol synthesis subsystem, specifically includes:

[0061] Through the biomass power generation subsystem, the biomass gasifier utilizes biomass gasification with air and obtains the green oxygen generated by the electrolyzed water subsystem. The green oxygen is introduced into the biomass gasifier to assist biomass gasification, and a part of the obtained biomass gas is used for power generation by a gas turbine to supplement the electric energy of the solar power generation main system; another part of the biomass gas is output to the methanol synthesis subsystem;

[0062] Step S304, the methanol synthesis subsystem obtains biomass gas and green hydrogen, and synthesizes the biomass gas and the green hydrogen to produce methanol fuel and saturated steam;

[0063] The method further includes:

[0064] The hydrothermal co-production subsystem receives the flue gas generated by the gas turbine of the biomass power generation subsystem and uses the high-temperature flue gas for seawater desalination to simultaneously deliver heat and fresh water to users, specifically including:

[0065] The hydrothermal co-production device of the hydrothermal co-production subsystem uses the high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine for seawater desalination. The high-temperature fresh water produced by the hydrothermal co-production device is used to displace the heat network water through an absorption heat exchanger to supply heat to users, and the medium-temperature fresh water produced is connected to the feed water system such as drinking water as a supplement to the water source;

[0066] The absorption refrigeration subsystem receives the flue gas provided by the hydrothermal co-production subsystem as the driving heat source of the absorption refrigeration unit to provide chilled water for users, and uses a part of the low-temperature heat network return water of the hydrothermal co-production subsystem as the cooling water of the absorption refrigeration unit to preheat this part of the heat network return water while recovering heat dissipation;

[0067] The flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem receives the cooled flue gas provided by the absorption refrigeration subsystem and exchanges heat through a gas-liquid shell-and-tube heat exchanger to further reduce the flue gas temperature below the dew point temperature, and further preheat a part of the heat network return water of the hydrothermal co-production subsystem.

[0068] The embodiment of the present invention is a method embodiment corresponding to the above system embodiment. The specific operations of each step can be understood with reference to the description of the system embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

[0069] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention is a system and working method for realizing multi-energy combined supply of electricity, cold, heat, fresh water, steam and methanol using clean energy. Using solar energy and biomass energy as raw materials, through two power supply coupling systems of photovoltaic power generation and biomass power generation, a hydrothermal co-production subsystem, a methanol preparation subsystem, and an absorption heat pump cooling subsystem, it can simultaneously provide multiple energies such as electricity, cold, heat, fresh water, methanol and industrial steam to the outside, realizing multi-effect cascade utilization of the two clean energies of solar energy and biomass.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention include the following beneficial effects:

[0071] 1) Through the solar energy and biomass power generation coupling system, the reliability and stability of clean energy power supply are realized;

[0072] 2) Through the methanol production subsystem, the problem of surplus power consumption in the system is solved, and the goal of long-term energy storage is achieved;

[0073] 3) Through the combined heat and power production and absorption refrigeration system, energy such as cooling, heating, and fresh water is supplied simultaneously, and the waste heat of each subsystem is fully recovered and utilized to achieve the zero-carbon goal.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply system for solar and biomass combined power generation, characterized in that, Comprising: A main solar power generation system, connected to an electrolyzed water subsystem and a biomass power generation subsystem, for generating electricity through the photovoltaic-thermal part, and selecting to output redundant electric energy and heat energy to the electrolyzed water subsystem according to the supply-demand matching of the current electric energy and the electric load in the region, or jointly supplementing the electric energy with the biomass power generation subsystem; An electrolyzed water subsystem, connected to the main solar power generation system, the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem, for obtaining the redundant electric energy and heat energy provided by the main solar power generation system, and electrolyzing water by using the redundant electric energy and heat energy, and respectively outputting the obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem; A biomass power generation subsystem, connected to the main solar power generation system, the electrolyzed water subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem, for performing biomass gasification and obtaining green oxygen, using the green oxygen to assist biomass gasification, and using the obtained biomass gas for electric energy supplementation and outputting to the methanol synthesis subsystem; A methanol synthesis subsystem, connected to the electrolyzed water subsystem and the biomass power generation subsystem, for obtaining biomass gas and green hydrogen, and synthesizing the biomass gas and the green hydrogen to produce methanol fuel and saturated steam; The system further comprises: A combined heat and power subsystem, connected to the biomass power generation subsystem, an absorption refrigeration subsystem and a flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem, for receiving the flue gas generated by the gas turbine of the biomass power generation subsystem, and using the high-temperature flue gas for seawater desalination to simultaneously transport heat and fresh water to users; An absorption refrigeration subsystem, connected to the combined heat and power subsystem and the flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem, for receiving the flue gas provided by the combined heat and power subsystem as the driving heat source of the absorption refrigeration unit to provide cold water for users, and using a part of the low-temperature heat network return water of the combined heat and power subsystem as the cooling water of the absorption refrigeration unit, preheating this part of the heat network return water while recovering heat dissipation; A flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem, connected to the combined heat and power subsystem and the absorption refrigeration subsystem, for receiving the cooled flue gas provided by the absorption refrigeration subsystem and performing heat exchange through a gas-liquid shell-and-tube heat exchanger to further reduce the flue gas temperature below the dew point temperature, and further preheating a part of the heat network return water of the combined heat and power subsystem.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The main solar power generation system includes a photovoltaic-thermal part and an inverter, and the photovoltaic-thermal part is connected to the inverter, and specifically is used for: Generating electricity by using the photovoltaic part and supplying the converted electric energy to the electric users in the region through the inverter. If the current electric energy is greater than or equal to the electric load demand in the region, the redundant electric energy is transported to the electrolyzed water subsystem, and at the same time, the heat energy generated by the photovoltaic-thermal part is introduced into the electrolyzed water subsystem through a water pipe; if the current electric energy is less than the electric load demand in the region, the biomass power generation subsystem is jointly used to supplement the electric energy.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomass power generation subsystem includes a biomass gasifier and a gas turbine, and the biomass gasifier is connected to the gas turbine, and specifically is used for: Utilize a biomass gasifier to perform biomass gasification with the aid of air and obtain green oxygen generated by the electrolyzed water subsystem. Introduce the green oxygen into the biomass gasifier to assist biomass gasification, and use a part of the obtained biomass gas for power generation by a gas turbine to achieve power supplementation for the solar power generation main system; another part of the biomass gas is output to the methanol synthesis subsystem.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein The water and heat co-production subsystem includes a water and heat co-production device and an absorption heat exchanger. The water and heat co-production device is connected to the absorption heat exchanger and is specifically used for: Utilize the high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine through the water and heat co-production device for seawater desalination. Through the absorption heat exchanger, displace the hot network water with the high-temperature fresh water produced by the water and heat co-production device to supply heat to users, and connect the produced medium-temperature fresh water to the feed water system as a supplement to the water source.

5. A zero-carbon multi-energy combined supply method for solar and biomass combined power generation, characterized in that, Include: Generate electricity through the photovoltaic-thermal part of the solar power generation main system, and select to output redundant electric energy and heat energy to the electrolyzed water subsystem according to the supply-demand matching of the current electric energy and the electric load in the region, or jointly supplement the electric energy with the biomass power generation subsystem; Obtain the redundant electric energy and heat energy provided by the solar power generation main system through the electrolyzed water subsystem, and use the redundant electric energy and heat energy for electrolyzing water. The obtained green oxygen and green hydrogen are respectively output to the biomass power generation subsystem and the methanol synthesis subsystem; Perform biomass gasification and obtain green oxygen through the biomass power generation subsystem, utilize the green oxygen to assist biomass gasification, and use the obtained biomass gas for power supplementation and output it to the methanol synthesis subsystem; Obtain biomass gas and green hydrogen through the methanol synthesis subsystem, and synthesize the biomass gas and the green hydrogen to produce methanol fuel and saturated steam; The method further includes: Receive the flue gas generated by the gas turbine of the biomass power generation subsystem through the water and heat co-production subsystem, and utilize the high-temperature flue gas for seawater desalination to simultaneously transport heat and fresh water to users; Receive the flue gas provided by the water and heat co-production subsystem through the absorption refrigeration subsystem as the driving heat source of the absorption refrigeration unit to provide chilled water for users, and use a part of the low-temperature hot network return water of the water and heat co-production subsystem as the cooling water of the absorption refrigeration unit to recover heat while preheating this part of the hot network return water; Receive the cooled flue gas provided by the absorption refrigeration subsystem through the flue gas waste heat deep recovery subsystem and perform heat exchange through a gas-liquid shell-and-tube heat exchanger to further reduce the flue gas temperature below the dew point temperature, and further preheat a part of the hot network return water of the water and heat co-production subsystem.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The generating electricity through the photovoltaic-thermal part of the solar power generation main system and selecting to output redundant electric energy and heat energy to the electrolyzed water subsystem according to the supply-demand matching of the current electric energy and the electric load in the region, or jointly supplementing the electric energy with the biomass power generation subsystem specifically includes: Electricity is generated by the photovoltaic part of the solar power generation main system and converted by an inverter before being supplied to the electricity users in the area. If the current electricity is greater than or equal to the electricity load demand in the area, the redundant electricity is transported to the electrolyzed water subsystem, and at the same time, the heat energy generated by the solar thermal part is introduced into the electrolyzed water subsystem through a water pipe. If the current electricity is less than the electricity load demand in the area, the biomass power generation subsystem is combined to supplement the electricity.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The biomass gasification and obtaining of green oxygen are carried out by the biomass power generation subsystem. The green oxygen is used to assist biomass gasification, and the obtained biomass gas is used for electricity supplement and output to the methanol synthesis subsystem, which specifically includes: The biomass power generation subsystem uses a biomass gasification furnace with air to carry out biomass gasification and obtain the green oxygen generated by the electrolyzed water subsystem. The green oxygen is introduced into the biomass gasification furnace to assist biomass gasification. A part of the obtained biomass gas is used for power generation by a gas turbine to achieve electricity supplement for the solar power generation main system; another part of the biomass gas is output to the methanol synthesis subsystem.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The use of high-temperature flue gas for seawater desalination and the simultaneous delivery of heat and fresh water to users specifically includes: The water-heat co-production device of the water-heat co-production subsystem uses the high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine for seawater desalination. The hot network water is replaced by the high-temperature fresh water produced by the water-heat co-production device through an absorption heat exchanger to supply heat to users, and the produced medium-temperature fresh water is connected to the feed water system as a supplement to the water source.

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