A film coating device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping and working method

Abstract

The application discloses a film coating device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping and a working method, solves the problem of high broken strip rate of the film coating device in the prior art, has the beneficial effects of controlling the broken strip rate and improving the film coating efficiency, and specifically has the following technical scheme: a film coating device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping, which comprises a main frame assembly, the main frame assembly comprises a main frame component, and a depth limiting wheel is rotatably installed on the two sides of the main frame component; a negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism comprises a shaping component, the shaping component comprises a shaping cavity shaft, the shaping cavity shaft is located below a mulch roller, the shaping cavity shaft is rotatably installed on the main frame component, the shaping cavity shaft is provided with a negative pressure cavity, the shaping cavity shaft is provided with an opening at the negative pressure cavity, and a negative pressure component is connected to the negative pressure cavity; and a positive cutting mechanism is supported by the main frame component, the positive cutting mechanism comprises a film cutting knife group, and the film cutting knife group is located on the front side of the shaping component.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping and a working method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Film mulching operation is to lay a thin film on the ground to improve soil temperature, maintain soil moisture and structure, prevent pests and diseases and certain microorganisms from harming crops, and promote plant growth. Film mulching operation is widely used in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, mainly applied to more than 40 kinds of crops such as grain, cotton, oil, vegetables, melons and fruits, tobacco, hemp, etc. After film mulching operation, crops generally increase yield by 30%-50%. With the gradual promotion of degradable film, film mulching operation will play an increasingly important role. At present, film mulching operation is mainly manual and simple mechanical type, which has the following problems:

[0004] First, the film mulching process is relatively hard and has poor flexibility, and the flatness of the mulching film during the laying process is insufficient, which can easily lead to a high film breakage rate;

[0005] Second, it cannot achieve active film cutting and needs manual assistance for cutting, which requires the operator to get off the vehicle to manually cut the film, affecting the film mulching efficiency;

[0006] Third, the film edge pressing and limiting capacity of the soil covering mechanism is insufficient, affecting the film mulching effect; the space between the pressing wheel and the soil covering shovel in the soil covering mechanism is limited, affecting the soil covering amount and efficiency of the film edge. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0009] A film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping, comprising:

[0010] A main frame assembly, the main frame assembly comprises a main frame component, depth limiting wheels are rotatably installed on both sides of the main frame component, the main frame component supports a film roller through a film roller hanging support, and the main frame component is provided with a hollow portion;

[0011] The negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism comprises a shaping assembly, the shaping assembly comprises a shaping cavity shaft, the shaping cavity shaft is located below the mulch roller, the shaping cavity shaft is rotatably installed on the main frame assembly, the shaping cavity shaft is provided with a negative pressure cavity, the shaping cavity shaft is provided with an opening at the negative pressure cavity, a negative pressure assembly is connected to the negative pressure cavity, two sides of the shaping cavity shaft are respectively provided with auxiliary limiting wheels, the center axis of the auxiliary limiting wheel is higher than the center axis of the shaping cavity shaft, so that the auxiliary limiting wheel can contact the mulch roller, the mulch passes through the hollow part of the main frame assembly on the front side of the shaping cavity shaft to the bottom of the main frame assembly.

[0012] The active cutting mechanism is supported by the main frame assembly, the active cutting mechanism comprises a film cutting knife group, the film cutting knife group is located on the front side of the shaping assembly, the film cutting knife group is connected with a linear drive assembly, the linear drive assembly drives the film cutting knife group to move along a direction parallel to the center axis of the shaping cavity shaft to realize cutting of the mulch.

[0013] The negative pressure auxiliary shaping film coating device is provided with the negative pressure cavities on both sides of the shaping cavity shaft, the negative pressure cavities on both sides are communicated, one side of the negative pressure cavities is connected with the negative pressure assembly, and the negative pressure cavities on both sides are beneficial to ensuring the flatness of the two sides of the mulch.

[0014] A negative pressure sensor is arranged at a pipeline connecting the negative pressure assembly and the negative pressure cavity, and the negative pressure sensor is connected with a controller.

[0015] The controller is also connected with the linear drive assembly, and the action of the linear drive assembly is controlled through the controller.

[0016] The negative pressure auxiliary shaping film coating device is provided with two shaping assembly support frames on the main frame assembly, the shaping assembly support frames support rotary shafts, the rotary shafts support the end portions of the shaping cavity shaft through bearings, one side of the rotary shafts is connected with the negative pressure assembly, and the rotary shafts pass through the shaping assembly support frames, so as to facilitate the communication between the negative pressure assembly and the hollow rotary shaft on one side.

[0017] The center axis of the auxiliary limiting wheel is higher than the shaping cavity shaft, the shaping cavity shaft is arranged along the width direction of the main frame assembly, the auxiliary limiting wheel is located on both sides of the negative pressure cavity, and the auxiliary limiting wheel can be tangent to the outer surface of the mulch roller.

[0018] The negative pressure auxiliary shaping film coating device further comprises a ridge flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism supported by the main frame assembly, the ridge flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism is arranged below the shaping cavity shaft and on the rear side of the shaping cavity shaft.

[0019] As described above, a film covering device based on negative pressure assisted shaping includes a shaping bracket installed on the side of the main frame assembly. A U-shaped frame is provided at the bottom of the shaping bracket, and a flexible film pressing roller lower than the main frame assembly is installed through the U-shaped frame. The flexible film pressing roller is rotatable relative to the U-shaped frame. The shaping bracket is provided with shaping rods on both sides of the flexible film pressing roller. The film passes through the shaping rods at the bottom of the main frame assembly and is bonded to the ridge.

[0020] As described above, in a film-coating device based on negative pressure-assisted shaping, the shaping rod has a set length, the end of the shaping rod away from the flexible pressing film roller is bent, and the end of the shaping rod extends to the lower part of the negative pressure chamber of the shaping cavity shaft;

[0021] The central axis of the flexible mulch roller is parallel to the central axis of the shaping cavity shaft.

[0022] As described above, in a film-coating device based on negative pressure-assisted shaping, the film-cutting knife assembly includes a knife holder, a return spring placed in the countersunk hole in the middle of the knife holder, a shaft end on one side of the knife holder passing through the return spring and the countersunk hole of the knife holder and then being limited by a retaining pin, and a shaft end on the other side of the knife holder facing upward, with two limiting wheels clamping the cutting blade and fixing it to the upward shaft end of the knife holder, and the cutting edge of the cutting blade facing the shaping cavity shaft.

[0023] The film covering device based on negative pressure assisted shaping as described above also includes a soil covering mechanism supported by the main frame assembly. The soil covering mechanism is located on both sides of the main frame assembly and behind the depth limiting wheel.

[0024] The soil covering mechanism includes an annular pressing wheel, with a flexible outer layer on the outer surface of the pressing wheel. The flexible outer layer has a conical inclined structure. Multiple support strips are set on the inner surface of the pressing wheel, and the interval between adjacent support strips is set at an angle so that a soil flow space is formed between adjacent support strips on the inner side of the pressing wheel.

[0025] As described above, in a film coating device based on negative pressure assisted shaping, the main frame assembly also supports a grooving shovel, which is located behind the depth limiting wheel and is fixedly installed on the lower front end of the main frame assembly.

[0026] The main frame assembly supports the film roller mounting bracket, which in turn supports the film roller.

[0027] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for operating a coating device based on negative pressure-assisted shaping, comprising the following:

[0028] The main frame assembly is attached to the tractor, and the mulch film roller is supported by the mulch film roller mounting bracket.

[0029] The film is pulled out from the film roller, and the film is tangent to the outer surface of the shaping cavity shaft, and the film is continuously pulled down to pass through the hollow part of the main frame assembly to the bottom of the main frame assembly, and the film is continuously pulled down to be attached to the ridge;

[0030] The film device advances with the tractor, the negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism starts to work, negative pressure is generated in the shaping cavity shaft, and the film is attached to the surface of the shaping cavity shaft under the setting action of the shaping cavity shaft opening, so that the film can be evenly conveyed to the surface of the ridge.

[0031] When reaching the end side of the ridge, the worker controls the active cutting mechanism to act through the film cutting knife group to cut off the film.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned application are as follows:

[0033] 1) In the present application, the film device is provided with a negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism, which is supported by the main frame assembly, and the shaping assembly includes a shaping cavity shaft with a negative pressure cavity, and the shaping cavity shaft is provided with an opening at the negative pressure cavity to adsorb the film. In the process of film transmission, the negative pressure force auxiliary shaping control in the process of separating the film from the film roller to the soil surface is realized, the film flatness is ensured, and the problem of broken strips caused by insufficient film flatness and deformation is avoided.

[0034] 2) In the present application, the film cutting knife group of the active cutting mechanism is located on the front side of the shaping assembly, and the film cutting knife group can actively cut the film from one side of the shaping cavity shaft, without the need for manual cutting, and the step of manually cutting the film before turning around during the line changing process is omitted, thereby improving the work efficiency.

[0035] In addition, the active cutting mechanism is located on one side of the shaping cavity shaft, and the shaping cavity shaft bears the shaping of the film on one side of the film during the film cutting process, and cooperates with the film cutting knife group to complete the cutting of the film.

[0036] 3) In the present application, the ridge top flexible attachment secondary shaping mechanism is arranged at the lower and rear positions of the shaping cavity shaft, the structure of the ridge top flexible attachment secondary shaping mechanism is reasonable, the flexible film pressing roller presses the film in front, and the film is supported laterally by the shaping rods on both sides, so that the film is secondarily shaped during the attachment process of the film on the ridge top soil layer, the attachment degree of the ridge top is increased, the broken strip rate is further reduced, and the film paving effect is improved.

[0037] 4) The soil covering mechanism structure is reasonably arranged, the flexible outer coating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the film pressing wheel, the flexible outer coating layer is a conical inclined surface structure, the conical inclined surface structure can be flexibly attached to the side of the ridge, and the attachment degree of the mulch film to the side of the ridge and the constraint ability of the mulch film are increased; the interval angle between the supporting strips arranged on the inner surface of the film pressing wheel is arranged, the soil flow channel during the soil covering process of the soil covering shovel is increased, the multi-directional soil covering during the soil covering process is realized by cooperating with the arrangement of the soil covering shovel, the soil covering amount and the soil covering efficiency of the film edge are improved, and the film covering work efficiency is indirectly improved.

[0038] 5) The working method of the film covering device is provided, manual manual control of the negative pressure assembly and the linear driving assembly can be realized through the controller, manual opening of the negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism is realized, and active cutting is realized when it is necessary to cut the mulch film, the controller also receives the signal transmitted by the negative pressure sensor, and the negative pressure assembly is controlled in real time, the pressure stability of the negative pressure assembly is ensured, the laying of the mulch film is realized as a whole, and the flatness during the laying of the mulch film is beneficially ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part thereof, serve to provide further understanding of the present application, and together with the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application and the explanation thereof serve the purpose of explaining the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

[0040] Figure 1 is a use state schematic view of a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Figure 3 is a side view of a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Figure 4 is a side view of a negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism located at a main rack assembly in a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism located at a main rack assembly in a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0045] Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism located at an end portion of a main rack assembly in a film covering device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0046] Figure 7is a profile view of a negative pressure assisted shaping mechanism in a film coating device based on negative pressure assisted shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0047] Figure 8 is a schematic view of a film cutting by a active cutting mechanism in a film coating device based on negative pressure assisted shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0048] Figure 9 is a schematic view of a active cutting mechanism in a film coating device based on negative pressure assisted shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0049] Figure 10 is a schematic view of a ridge top flexible film fitting secondary shaping mechanism in a film coating device based on negative pressure assisted shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0050] Figure 11 is a schematic view of a part of structure in a soil covering mechanism in a film coating device based on negative pressure assisted shaping according to one or more embodiments of the present application.

[0051] In the figure: the mutual distance or size is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic view is only for illustration.

[0052] In the figure: the mutual distance or size is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic view is only for illustration.

[0053] 101. main frame assembly, 102. depth limiting wheel, 103. furrow shovel, 104. film roller hanging support,

[0054] 201. auxiliary limiting wheel, 202. shaping assembly, 203. shaping assembly support frame, 204. negative pressure sensor, 205. negative pressure air pipe, 206. negative pressure fan, 207. air pipe adapter,

[0055] 302. film cutting knife group, 303. elastic coupling, 304. driving motor,

[0056] 401. connecting frame, 402. spring, 403. handle, 404. film pressing wheel, 405. soil covering shovel, 406. soil covering arm, 407. film pressing arm,

[0057] 501. shaping support, 502. flexible film pressing roller, 503. shaping rod, 504. U-shaped frame, 505. mounting seat,

[0058] 601. industrial control touch screen, 602. logic operation control module,

[0059] 20201. swivel shaft, 20202. bearing, 20203, profiled cavity shaft,

[0060] 30201. tool holder, 30202. return spring, 30203. tool rest, 30204. limit wheel, 30205. cutting blade,

[0061] 40401. film pressing wheel body, 40402. flexible outer coating layer, 40403. support strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only, and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms used herein are merely for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprise" and / or "include" as used herein indicate the presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0064] As introduced in the background, the problems in the prior art, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a kind of based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping film laminating device.

[0065] In a typical embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a kind of based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping film laminating device, including mainframe assembly 1, mainframe assembly includes mainframe assembly, depth limiting wheel can be rotatably installed in the two sides of mainframe assembly, and the mulch roller is supported by the mulch roller hanging support of mainframe assembly;Negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism 2 includes shaping assembly, and the shaping assembly includes profiled cavity shaft, and the profiled cavity shaft is located below the mulch roller 7, and the profiled cavity shaft is rotatably installed in the mainframe assembly, and the profiled cavity shaft is provided with negative pressure cavity, and the mulch passes through the hollow part of mainframe assembly to the bottom of mainframe assembly by the front side of profiled cavity shaft;Active cutting mechanism 3 includes film cutting knife group, and the film cutting knife group is located in the front side of shaping assembly, and the film cutting knife group is connected with linear drive assembly, and linear drive assembly drives film cutting knife group to move along the direction parallel to the central axis of profiled cavity shaft to realize the cutting of mulch.

[0066] Referring to Figure 3As shown, the main frame assembly 1 includes a main frame component 101, a depth limiting wheel 102, a slip furrower 103, and a mulch roller hanging support 104. The main frame component 101 is a mounting carrier for other components of the main frame assembly 1. A support arm is arranged on one side of the main frame component 101, and the support arm is arranged away from the mulching mechanism. The support arm is provided with mounting holes for connection with a tractor or the like (which can be connected with the tractor by a three-point linkage), so as to drive the mulching device forward by the tractor or the like.

[0067] The depth limiting wheel 102 is rotatably mounted on both sides of the front end of the main frame component 101. The slip furrower 103 is arranged behind the depth limiting wheel. The slip furrower 103 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the front end of the main frame component 101 by bolts. The other side of the main frame component 101 is the mulch roller hanging support 104, which is a mulch mounting carrier. The mulch roller hanging support 104 includes mounting racks fixed on both sides of the main frame component. A connecting rod is supported by the mounting racks on both sides, and the connecting rod is higher than the shaping assembly.

[0068] It can be understood that limiting plates are arranged on both sides of the connecting rod. The two limiting plates are oppositely arranged. The limiting plates can be knife-shaped members. The mulch roller is supported by the limiting plates on both sides, and the mulch roller is above the shaping assembly.

[0069] It should be noted that the depth limiting wheel 102 is connected with the first connecting rod. The depth limiting wheel is rotatable relative to the first connecting rod. The first connecting rod is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane.

[0070] The slip furrower 103 is used for slip furrowing the soil in the furrow. The slip furrower includes a second connecting rod. The second connecting rod is connected with the main frame component. A shovel body is arranged at the bottom end of the second connecting rod. A shovel surface of the shovel body is arranged towards the depth limiting wheel 102. The bottom of the shovel body is higher than the bottom of the depth limiting wheel 102.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism 2 includes an auxiliary limiting wheel 201, a shaping assembly 202, a shaping assembly support rack 203, a negative pressure sensor 204, a negative pressure air pipe 205, a negative pressure fan 206, and an air pipe adapter 207.

[0072] Reference Figure 7As shown, the shaping assembly 202 includes a shaping cavity shaft 20203, the central axis of the shaping cavity shaft 20203 is arranged along the width direction of the main frame assembly, the rotating shaft is hollow at both ends of the shaping cavity shaft, the shaping cavity shaft 20203 is rotatable relative to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft 20201 passes through the shaping assembly support frame 203 and is fixedly installed on the main frame assembly 101 together with the shaping assembly support frame 203, the rotating shaft supports the shaping cavity shaft through the bearing 20202; one side of the rotating shaft is connected with the negative pressure assembly 206, the negative pressure assembly is installed at the main frame assembly 101, and the other end of the other side of the rotating shaft is closed.

[0073] In this embodiment, the shaping cavity shaft is a cylindrical hollow structure, the internal cavity is divided into three sections, the left and right two sides are negative pressure cavities, the two negative pressure cavities are communicated through a circular pipeline penetrating the middle cavity, and a plurality of air holes are arranged in the two negative pressure cavity regions of the shaping cavity shaft.

[0074] Specifically, the negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure fan 206, the negative pressure fan is connected with one end of the rotating shaft through a negative pressure air pipe, the negative pressure air pipe is connected with the rotating shaft through an air pipe adapter 207, and a negative pressure sensor 204 is installed on the air pipe adapter 207.

[0075] In addition, the auxiliary limiting wheels 201 are rotatably installed on the main frame assembly 101, a plurality of auxiliary limiting wheels 201 are arranged, each auxiliary limiting wheel 201 is installed on the main frame assembly 101 through a corresponding support frame, the auxiliary limiting wheels 201 are arranged on both sides of the shaping assembly 202, two of the auxiliary limiting wheels 201 are located on the same plane, and the other two auxiliary limiting wheels 201 are located on another plane, and the upper surfaces of the auxiliary limiting wheels are higher than the upper surface of the shaping assembly.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the active cutting mechanism 3 includes a linear motion assembly and a film cutting knife group 302, a driving motor 304, an elastic coupling 303 and a linear motion module constitute a linear driving assembly, the driving motor 304 is installed on the main frame assembly 101 through an L-shaped support, the driving motor 304 is connected with the film cutting knife group through the elastic coupling 303, the film cutting knife group 302 is installed on the linear motion module through a knife seat 30201, the linear motion module is specifically a lead screw and block assembly, the lead screw in the lead screw and block assembly is connected with the elastic coupling 303, the block in the lead screw and block assembly is connected with the knife seat, and the driving motor works to drive the knife seat to move along a direction parallel to the central axis of the shaping cavity shaft.

[0077] Reference Figure 7As shown, the film cutting knife group 302 is located on the front side of the shaping assembly, the film cutting knife group 302 includes a knife seat 30201, a return spring 30202, a knife holder 30203, a limiting wheel 30204, and a cutting blade 30205, the plane of the cutting blade passes through the center axis of the shaping cavity to facilitate the cutting of the mulch film, the limiting wheel 30204 is provided with two, the two limiting wheels are located on both sides of the cutting blade, and the cutting depth of the cutting blade is set through the limiting wheel, the cutting blade 30205 is coaxially installed with the cutting depth limiting wheel 30204; in normal state, the cutting blade does not contact the mulch film, and when cutting is needed, the cutting blade will move to the side of the mulch film.

[0078] The knife seat 30201 is installed at the main frame assembly, and the knife seat 30201 is an installation carrier for other components of the film cutting knife group 302, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the knife seat 30201 is L-shaped, the return spring 30202 is arranged in the middle hole of the knife seat 30201, one side shaft end of the knife holder 30203 passes through the return spring 30202 and the hole of the knife seat 30201, and is then limited by a clamping pin, the other side shaft end of the knife holder 30203 is arranged upward, the upward arranged shaft end sequentially passes through the limiting wheel 30204, the cutting blade 30205, and the limiting wheel 30204, and then is fixedly installed together through a locking screw, after installation is completed, the two limiting wheels 30204 clamp the cutting blade 30205 in the middle, and make rotary motion around the one side shaft end of the knife holder 30203, and the cutting blade 30205 is arranged beyond the limiting wheel.

[0079] As shown in Figure 10 The ridge top flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism 5 is located in the middle of the two side covering mechanisms, and is arranged lower than the mulch film roller, the ridge top flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism 5 includes a shaping support 501, a flexible mulch film pressing roller 502, and a shaping rod 503, the shaping support 501 is L-shaped, and is sleeved on a mounting seat, the mounting seat is a U-shaped mounting seat, the two sides of the U-shaped mounting seat are provided with a bayonet, the mounting seat 505 is fixed on the main frame assembly 101 through bolts, the bottom of the shaping support 501 is provided with a U-shaped frame 504, the flexible mulch film pressing roller 502 is supported through the U-shaped frame 504, the flexible mulch film pressing roller 502 is fixed on the U-shaped frame through a pin shaft and can rotate relative to the U-shaped frame, and the two sides of the U-shaped frame are respectively provided with the shaping rod 503, and the shaping rod 503 is fixed on the shaping support 501 through a fixing pin.

[0080] As shown in Figure 11As shown, the covering mechanism 4 is located on both sides of the main frame assembly, and the covering mechanism is located behind the corresponding side depth limiting wheel. The covering mechanism comprises a connecting frame 401 connected with the main frame assembly, and the connecting frame is movably connected with a covering branch arm and a film pressing branch arm. A pull handle and a spring are connected between the covering branch arm and the connecting frame. A pull handle 403 and a spring 402 are also connected between the film pressing branch arm 407 and the connecting frame. The bottom side of the film pressing branch arm is connected with the film pressing wheel. The covering shovel is rotatably installed on the covering branch arm 406. The covering shovel 405 is located behind the film pressing wheel. The covering branch arm can be provided with a shaft seat. The covering shovel 405 is provided with a rotating shaft which passes through the shaft seat and is fixed to the covering branch arm, so that the covering shovel can rotate relative to the covering branch arm.

[0081] The pull handle and the spring on one side are located on one side of the covering branch arm 406, and the pull handle and the spring on the other side are located on the side of the film pressing branch arm 407 away from the covering branch arm. The pull handle can be provided with a plurality of openings for hanging the covering branch arm or the film pressing branch arm. The pull handle is inclined relative to the horizontal section of the covering branch arm. The side of the film pressing branch arm is higher than the horizontal section of the covering branch arm to connect with the corresponding side pull handle. The middle section of the covering branch arm is provided with a flap upwardly.

[0082] Need to be explained, the film pressing wheel comprises a ring-shaped film pressing wheel body 40401. The outer surface of the film pressing wheel is a conical inclined surface structure. The outer diameter of the outer side of the ring surface of the film pressing wheel is larger than that of the inner side. The outer surface of the film pressing wheel body 40401 is provided with a flexible outer coating layer 40402 which is a conical inclined surface structure. Compared with the traditional film pressing wheel, the conical inclined surface structure of the film pressing wheel contains the horizontal constraint force F1 and the longitudinal constraint force F2 of the mulch film and the ridge side, thereby increasing the constraint of the freedom degree of the mulch film.

[0083] The inner side of the film pressing wheel body 40401 is provided with a support strip 40403. The film pressing wheel body is connected with the film pressing branch arm through the end of the support strip. The interval angle between the two support strips can form a soil flow space on the inner side of the film pressing wheel. In some examples, the two support strips are distributed within 1 / 4 of the inner circle of the film pressing wheel body.

[0084] In addition, the inner surface of the covering shovel 405 is provided as an arc surface which faces the film pressing wheel on the front side. Of course, the covering shovel can adopt the existing covering shovel for agricultural machinery.

[0085] A working method of a mulching device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping, comprising the following contents:

[0086] The main frame assembly 1 is connected with the tractor by three-point suspension, the mulch roller is arranged in the groove of the mulch roller hanging support 104, the outer surface of the mulch roller is tangent to the outer surface of the auxiliary limiting wheel 201, the device is aligned with the ridge 8 in the middle, and the depth limiting wheels 102 walk in the ridge ditch;

[0087] The mulch is pulled out from the mulch roller, the mulch is tangent to the outer surface of the shaping cavity shaft 20203, the mulch is continuously pulled down, the ridge top flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism 5 is adjusted, the lower surface of the flexible mulch roller 502 is tangent to the mulch and the ridge top, the shaping rod 503 supports the mulch surface in an opening posture, the mulch is continuously pulled out to keep the mulch in contact with the ridge, and the ridge side covering mechanism is adjusted so that the conical inclined surface of the mulch wheel 40401 is located above the mulch and in contact with the side surface of the ridge;

[0088] The mulch device advances with the tractor, the negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism starts to work, negative pressure is generated in the shaping cavity shaft, the mulch is in contact with the surface of the shaping cavity shaft under the action of the shaping cavity shaft opening, and the mulch can be transported to the surface of the ridge under the action of the ridge top flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism 5; the data detected by the negative pressure sensor is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the work of the negative pressure assembly; after the mulch is laid, the mulch ridge positioning and pressing are completed by the mulch wheel in the covering mechanism, the soil is cut by the covering shovel, the soil covers the ridge side to complete the covering and compaction of the mulch through the space between the supporting strips of the mulch wheel and the space between the mulch wheel and the covering shovel;

[0089] When the end side of the ridge is reached, the staff controls the active cutting mechanism to act, and the mulch is cut by the mulch cutting knife group; specifically, the mulch cutting knife group 302 moves with the linear motion module, the cutting depth limiting wheel 30204 is pressed on the surface of the mulch, the mulch is cut by the cutting blade 30205, the negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism 2 completes shaping on one hand and acts as a mulch cutting tool in the mulch cutting process on the other hand, cooperates with the cutting knife group 302 to complete cutting, and after the mulch cutting is completed, the driving motor 304 automatically returns to the initial point after completing the set displacement movement;

[0090] The controller 6 can be a PLC controller or other types of controllers, the controller is provided with an industrial touch screen 601, the controller has a logic operation control module 602 connected with the industrial touch screen, the logic operation control module 602 drives the negative pressure fan 206 to start working according to the set pressure, the negative pressure sensor 204 feeds back the current pressure to the logic operation control module 602, and the logic operation control module 602 controls the driving motor 304 to move.

[0091] The above merely provides the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles and technical scope of the present application shall fall into the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A film lamination device based on negative pressure assisted sizing, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of mulch cutting machine, including: Mainframe assembly, depth wheel is rotatably installed on both sides of mainframe assembly, mainframe assembly supports mulch roller by mulch roller hanging support, and mainframe assembly is provided with hollow part; Negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism, negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism includes shaping component, shaping component includes shaping cavity shaft, shaping cavity shaft is located below mulch roller, shaping cavity shaft is rotatably installed on mainframe assembly, shaping cavity shaft is provided with negative pressure cavity, shaping cavity shaft is provided with opening at negative pressure cavity, negative pressure component is connected to negative pressure cavity, the center axis of auxiliary limiting wheel is higher than the center axis of shaping cavity shaft to make auxiliary limiting wheel can be contacted with mulch roller, mulch passes through the hollow part of mainframe assembly to the bottom of mainframe assembly by the front side of shaping cavity shaft. Active cutting mechanism is supported by mainframe assembly, active cutting mechanism includes film cutting knife group, film cutting knife group is located in the front side of shaping component, film cutting knife group is connected with linear drive assembly, linear drive assembly drives film cutting knife group to move along the direction parallel to the center axis of shaping cavity shaft to realize the cutting of mulch; It also includes ridge flexible fitting secondary shaping mechanism supported by the mainframe assembly, which is lower than the shaping cavity shaft and located behind the shaping cavity shaft.

2. The film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center axis of the auxiliary limiting wheel is higher than the shaping cavity shaft, and the shaping cavity shaft is arranged along the width direction of the mainframe assembly. The center axis of the flexible mulch roller is parallel to the center axis of the shaping cavity shaft. The film cutting knife group includes a knife seat, a return spring is arranged in the middle hole of the knife seat, the shaft end of the knife holder passes through the return spring and the hole of the knife seat, and then is limited by a clamping pin.

3. The film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting blade of the cutting blade is arranged towards the shaping cavity shaft. ​ 4. The film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 5. The film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 4, characterized in that, ​ ​ 6. The film lamination device based on negative pressure assisted shaping according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ​ 7. The film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also include the earth covering mechanism supported by the main frame assembly, earth covering mechanism is located in the two sides of the main frame component, earth covering mechanism is located in the rear of the depth limiting wheel; The earth covering mechanism includes an annular film pressing wheel, the outer surface of the film pressing wheel is provided with a flexible outer coating layer, the flexible outer coating layer is a tapered inclined surface structure, the inner surface of the film pressing wheel is provided with a plurality of support strips, the interval angle between adjacent two support strips is arranged to form a soil flow space between the adjacent two support strips on the inner side of the film pressing wheel.

8. The film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame assembly also supports a sliding trench shovel, the sliding trench shovel is placed behind the depth limiting wheel, the sliding trench shovel is fixedly installed on the lower part of the front end of the main frame assembly; The main frame assembly supports a mulch film roller hanging support, and the mulch film roller is supported by the mulch film roller hanging support.

9. The working method of the film lamination device based on negative pressure auxiliary shaping according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The following contents are included: The main frame assembly is connected with the tractor, and the mulch film roller is supported by the mulch film roller hanging support; The mulch film is pulled out from the mulch film roller, so that the mulch film is tangent to the outer surface of the shaping cavity shaft, and the mulch film is continuously pulled down to pass through the hollow part of the main frame assembly to the bottom of the main frame component, and the mulch film is continuously pulled down to be attached to the land ridge; The mulch film device advances with the tractor, the negative pressure auxiliary shaping mechanism starts to work, negative pressure is generated in the shaping cavity shaft, the mulch film is attached to the surface of the shaping cavity shaft under the action of the shaping cavity shaft opening, so that the mulch film can be evenly conveyed to the surface of the land ridge, and the negative pressure sensor transmits the detected data to the controller, and the controller controls the negative pressure assembly to work; When reaching the end side of the land ridge, the operator controls the active cutting mechanism to act by the controller, and the mulch film is cut by the film cutting knife group.

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