Methods of crop nutrient remediation

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for crop nutrient remediation, comprising: digging an aeration trench on either side of the crop to be remediated; laying a layer of soil, mixing waste fruit peels with a fermentation agent at 0.1%–0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peels, placing the mixture on top of the soil, and then covering it with soil with a moisture content of 38%–42% for sealed fermentation for 30–50 days. During fermentation, tap water is added daily until the soil moisture content reaches 38%–42%. After 20 days of sealed fermentation, the filtrate of the fermented material is collected daily and mixed to obtain a remediation solution; when the soil moisture in the aeration trench reaches 55%–60%, the remediation solution diluted 10–15 times is injected into the aeration trench, with 500–2000 ml of diluted remediation solution injected per crop, continuously for 3–5 days. This method of crop nutrient remediation, after injecting the remediation solution, can stimulate crops to absorb more nutrients from the soil, thereby improving crop yield and crop product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of crop fertilization technology, specifically relating to a method for crop nutrient repair. Background Technology

[0002] With the gradual reduction of agricultural land and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for increasing yield per unit area and crop quality is constantly increasing. In order to obtain a higher yield per unit area, conventional crop management often involves the excessive use of pesticides, hormones, or fertilizers. Although this can improve crop yield and quality within a certain period of time, it can easily lead to crop growth restriction over the years. This not only wastes manpower and resources but also easily leads to a decline in crop yield and quality.

[0003] To avoid crop growth limitations and reduced yield and quality due to improper management, most crops are tilled every other year or in the same year. However, fruit trees usually need to be planted for more than two years before they can be harvested and can be harvested for many consecutive years. For example, tangerines begin to bear fruit after three years of planting and reach full production after five years, so tilling is not very suitable for them.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to repair crop nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome at least the aforementioned defects and to provide advantages that will be described later.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for crop nutrient repair to increase crop yield.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for crop nutrient repair to improve the quality of crop products.

[0008] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a method for crop nutrient remediation is now provided, comprising:

[0009] Dig a ventilation trench on either side of the crop to be repaired.

[0010] Lay a layer of soil, mix waste fruit peels with 0.1% to 0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peels as a fermentation agent, place the mixture on top of the soil, and then cover it with soil with a moisture content of 38% to 42% for sealed fermentation for 30 to 50 days. During the fermentation period, add tap water daily until the soil moisture content reaches 38% to 42%. After 20 days of sealed fermentation, take the filtrate of the fermentation material daily and mix it to obtain the repair solution.

[0011] When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject a repair solution diluted 10 to 15 times into the trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 500 to 2000 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 to 5 days.

[0012] Specifically, in the above plan, crop nutrient remediation is carried out 6–15 days before or after fertilization management during the flowering or fruiting period. On the first two days after injection of the remediation solution, the dilution ratio is 13–15 times; on the second and third days, the dilution ratio is 11–13 times; and on the third to fifth days, the dilution ratio is 10–11 times. Injection of the remediation solution should be carried out in the early morning or evening. The fermentation agent is one or more commercially available microbial agents such as Gulin microbial agents, probiotics, yeast, or photosynthetic bacteria. The temperature is maintained at 25℃–35℃ during fermentation.

[0013] First, dig an aeration trench on one side of the crop to be repaired to promote root respiration and accelerate the reduction of soil moisture around the roots. Then, when the soil moisture in the aeration trench reaches 55%–60%, inject the repair solution into the trench. This injection occurs when the soil moisture is relatively scarce, as the crop is in a state of impending dehydration. After injection, the crop can better absorb water and nutrients. Furthermore, dilute the repair solution by 10–15 times before injecting it into the aeration trench. This facilitates absorption by the crop and stimulates its nutrient demand, encouraging it to absorb more nutrients from the soil, thereby increasing crop yield and product quality.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between the ventilation trench and the bottom of the main stem of the crop to be repaired is 15 to 20 centimeters.

[0015] In the above plan, a ventilation trench with a diameter of 10 to 30 centimeters is dug with the main stem of the crop to be repaired as the center. The excavation of the ventilation trench should avoid damaging the root system of the crop to be repaired. That is, the ventilation trench should be dug vertically downwards before encountering the root system, and dug along the growth direction of the root system after encountering the root system.

[0016] Preferably, the peel is cut into small pieces with a length and width of less than 2 cm before sealed fermentation.

[0017] In the above method, the fruit peel is cut before being sealed for fermentation, so that the peel can ferment more quickly and fully. Specifically, the fruit peel can be mango peel, banana peel, apple peel, wampee peel, etc.

[0018] Preferably, the ventilation groove has a width of 15-35 cm, a length of 15-20 cm, and a depth of 15-35 cm.

[0019] Specifically, the ventilation trenches are dug along the direction of the roots to avoid damaging the roots of the crop being repaired.

[0020] Preferably, the fermented material after fermentation is completed is taken as fermentation waste. On the last day of injecting the repair solution or the day after the last day, the fermentation waste is filled into the ventilation ditch, and the fermented material is covered with soil with a thickness of not less than 2 cm.

[0021] In the above scheme, the fermented material after fermentation is filled into the aeration trench to make full use of the nutrients in the fermented material to carry out nutritional repair on the crop to be repaired; at the same time, a large number of active substances are generated during the fermentation process, which promote the recovery of crop vitality and stimulate the crop's demand for nutrients.

[0022] Preferably, before injecting the repair solution, tap water is injected into the ventilation groove, with the amount of tap water being 100-350 ml.

[0023] In the above scheme, a small amount of tap water is injected before injecting the repair solution to activate the crop's need for water and stimulate it to actively absorb water and nutrients. At the same time, tap water is injected into the ventilation trench to increase the humidity of the trench and its surroundings, reducing evaporation of the repair solution after injection and minimizing waste.

[0024] Preferably, the method also includes: spraying the crop to be repaired with nutrient solution 2 to 3 days after the completion of the injection of the repair solution, with each plant receiving 500 to 2000 ml of the nutrient solution; wherein the nutrient solution is prepared by mixing urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride and tap water in a ratio of 18:3:8:50 to 75.

[0025] In the above scheme, after injecting the repair solution, the plants to be repaired are sprayed with nutrient solution to further replenish the nutrients of the crops to be repaired, thereby quickly repairing the nutritional composition of the crops and improving the yield and product quality of the crops.

[0026] Advantages of this invention:

[0027] First, in the crop nutrient repair method of the present invention, an aeration trench is dug on one side of the crop to be repaired in order to promote root respiration and accelerate the decrease of soil moisture around the roots.

[0028] Secondly, in the crop nutrient repair method of the present invention, the repair solution is injected into the aeration trench when the soil moisture reaches 55% to 60%, that is, the repair solution is injected when the soil moisture is relatively scarce. At this time, the crop to be repaired is in a state of imminent water shortage. After the repair solution is injected, the crop to be repaired can better absorb water and nutrients.

[0029] Furthermore, in the crop nutrient repair method of the present invention, the repair solution is diluted by 10 to 15% before being injected into the aeration trench, which facilitates the absorption of the repair solution by the crop to be repaired and stimulates the crop's demand for nutrients under the action of the repair solution, thereby stimulating the crop to absorb more nutrients from the soil, thereby improving the crop yield and the quality of crop products.

[0030] Furthermore, in the crop nutrient repair method of the present invention, the fermented material after fermentation is filled into the aeration trench to make full use of the nutrients in the fermented material to repair the crop; at the same time, a large number of active substances are generated during the fermentation process, which promote the recovery of crop vitality and stimulate the crop's demand for nutrients.

[0031] Furthermore, in the crop nutrient remediation method of the present invention, a small amount of tap water is injected before injecting the remediation solution to activate the crop's demand for water and stimulate it to actively absorb water and nutrients. Simultaneously, tap water is first injected into the ventilation trench to increase the humidity of the trench and its surroundings, reducing evaporation of the remediation solution after injection and minimizing waste.

[0032] Furthermore, in the crop nutrient repair method of the present invention, after injecting the repair solution, the plant to be repaired is sprayed with nutrient solution to further supplement the nutrients of the crop to be repaired, thereby quickly repairing the nutrient composition of the crop, which is beneficial to improving the crop yield and product quality. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Methods for crop nutrient remediation include the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Dig a ventilation trench on either side of the crop to be repaired. The distance between the ventilation trench and the bottom of the main stem of the crop to be repaired should be 15-20 cm. The width of the ventilation trench should be 20-35 cm, the length should be 15-20 cm, and the depth should be 20-35 cm.

[0037] Step 2: Lay a layer of soil, mix waste fruit peels with fermentation agent at 0.1% to 0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peels, place the mixture on top of the soil, and cover it with soil with a moisture content of 38% to 42% for sealed fermentation for 30 days. During the fermentation period, add tap water daily until the soil moisture content reaches 38% to 42%. After 20 days of sealed fermentation, take the filtrate of the fermentation material daily and mix it to obtain the repair solution.

[0038] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 10 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 500 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Based on Example 1, step two is replaced with:

[0041] Step 2: Lay a layer of soil, mix waste fruit peels with fermentation agent at 0.1% to 0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peels, place the mixture on top of the soil, and cover it with soil with a moisture content of 38% to 42% for sealed fermentation for 50 days. During the fermentation period, add tap water daily until the soil moisture content reaches 38% to 42%. After 20 days of sealed fermentation, take the filtrate of the fermentation material daily and mix it to obtain the repair solution.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Based on Example 1, step three is replaced with:

[0044] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 10 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 1000 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Based on Example 1, step three is replaced with:

[0047] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 10 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 2000 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0048] Example 5

[0049] Based on Example 1, step three is replaced with:

[0050] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 12 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 2000 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] Based on Example 1, step three is replaced with:

[0053] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 15 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 2000 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0054] Example 7

[0055] Based on Example 1, step three is replaced with:

[0056] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 10 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 1000 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 5 days.

[0057] Example 8

[0058] Based on Example 1, step three is replaced with:

[0059] Step 3: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55%–60%, inject a 15-fold diluted repair solution into the trench, with 1000 ml of the solution injected per crop, for 2 consecutive days; on the 3rd and 4th days, inject a 12-fold diluted repair solution into the trench, with 1000 ml of the solution injected per crop; on the 5th day, inject a 10-fold diluted repair solution into the trench, with 1000 ml of the solution injected per crop.

[0060] Example 9

[0061] Methods for crop nutrient remediation include the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Dig a ventilation trench on either side of the crop to be repaired. The distance between the ventilation trench and the bottom of the main stem of the crop to be repaired should be 15-20 cm. The width of the ventilation trench should be 20-35 cm, the length should be 15-20 cm, and the depth should be 20-35 cm.

[0063] Step 2: Cut the fruit peel into small pieces with a length and width of less than 2 cm, and add 0.1% to 0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peel as a fermenting agent to mix and obtain the fermented material.

[0064] Step 3: Lay a layer of soil, mix waste fruit peels with fermentation agent at 0.1% to 0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peels, place the mixture on top of the soil, and cover it with soil with a moisture content of 38% to 42% for sealed fermentation for 30 days. During the fermentation period, add tap water daily until the soil moisture content reaches 38% to 42%. After 20 days of sealed fermentation, take the filtrate of the fermentation material daily and mix it to obtain the repair solution.

[0065] Step 4: When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55% to 60%, inject the repair solution diluted 10 times into the ventilation trench. The amount of diluted repair solution injected per crop should be 500 ml, and the injection should be carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0066] Step 5: Take the fermented material after fermentation is completed as fermentation waste. On the 3rd day after injecting the repair solution, fill the fermentation waste into the ventilation trench and cover it with soil with a thickness of 2 cm.

[0067] Example 10

[0068] Based on Example 9, step four is replaced as follows: when the soil moisture in the ventilation ditch is 55% to 60%, tap water is injected into the ventilation ditch, and the amount of tap water injected is 100 ml; then, a repair solution diluted 10 times is injected into the ventilation ditch, and the amount of diluted repair solution injected for each crop is 500 ml, and the injection is carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0069] Example 11

[0070] Based on Example 9, step four is replaced as follows: when the soil moisture in the ventilation ditch is 55% to 60%, tap water is injected into the ventilation ditch, and the amount of tap water injected is 350 ml; then, a repair solution diluted 10 times is injected into the ventilation ditch, and the amount of diluted repair solution injected for each crop is 500 ml, and the injection is carried out continuously for 3 days.

[0071] Example 12

[0072] Based on Example 10, step six is ​​also included:

[0073] Step Six: Two days after the injection of the repair solution, spray the crop to be repaired with nutrient solution, with 500 ml sprayed per plant; the nutrient solution is prepared by mixing urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride and tap water in a ratio of 18:3:8:50.

[0074] Example 13

[0075] Based on Example 10, step six is ​​also included:

[0076] Step 6: Two days after the injection of the repair solution, spray the crop to be repaired with nutrient solution, with 1000 ml sprayed per plant; the nutrient solution is prepared by mixing urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride and tap water in a ratio of 18:3:8:60.

[0077] Example 14

[0078] Based on Example 10, step six is ​​also included:

[0079] Step Six: Two days after the injection of the repair solution, spray the crop to be repaired with nutrient solution, with each plant receiving 2000 ml of the solution. The nutrient solution is prepared by mixing urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride and tap water in a ratio of 18:3:8:75.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] Methods for crop nutrient remediation include the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Dig a ventilation trench on either side of the crop to be repaired. The distance between the ventilation trench and the bottom of the main stem of the crop to be repaired should be 15-20 cm. The width of the ventilation trench should be 20-35 cm, the length should be 15-20 cm, and the depth should be 20-35 cm.

[0083] Step 2: Add organic fertilizer to the ventilation trench, with 500 grams of organic fertilizer added to each crop.

[0084] Nutritional restoration experiments were conducted on mangoes and tangerines using the methods described in Examples 1-14 and Comparative Example 1.

[0085] Mango and tangerine orchards with normal fertilization management but poor yields in the previous year were selected as experimental areas. The previous year's mango harvest in the mango orchards was 7.1 kg / tree; the tangerine harvest in the tangerine orchards was 32.5 kg / tree. The nutrient remediation experiment in the mango orchards was conducted in two experimental areas, A and B. Experimental area A, covering 8 mu (approximately 1.33 hectares), was planted with Tainong No. 1 mango and randomly divided into 16 experimental groups, each containing 30 mango trees, named groups A1 to A16. Experimental area B, covering 2 mu (approximately 0.33 hectares), was planted with tangerines and randomly divided into 16 experimental groups, each containing 30 tangerine trees, named groups B1 to B16. Groups A1-A14 and B1-B14 correspond to the experimental groups undergoing nutrient remediation using the methods described in Examples 1-14, respectively. Groups A15 and B15 are experimental groups undergoing nutrient remediation using the method described in Comparative Example 1. Groups A16 and B16 are blank control groups. All groups were maintained under the same conditions until the mango and tangerine harvests were completed. The harvest yield / harvest yield of mangoes and the quality of mangoes / tangerines were recorded for each group, and the results are shown in Tables 1-2. The deformity rate was calculated as the weight of deformed fruits divided by the harvest yield. Deformed fruits were identified by visual inspection: individual fruits were significantly smaller than the overall fruit size; tangerine peels were greenish or brownish; and mango peels had more than six spots. Soluble solids were measured using the average value obtained from 20 randomly selected mangoes / tangerines from each group. The edible portion of the fruit was pulped, centrifuged, and the supernatant was measured using an Abbe refractometer. The results are expressed as a percentage (%).

[0086] Table 1: Mango Harvest Status in the Mango Orchard

[0087]

[0088] Table 2: Harvest Status of the Satsuma Mandarin Orange Orchard

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Based on the data in Tables 1 and 2, and comparing the data in Examples 1 to 14, it can be seen that using the repair method of the present invention to repair the nutrition of mangoes and tangerines can effectively increase the yield of mangoes and tangerines, while also increasing the soluble solids content of the fruit and reducing the fruit deformity rate.

[0092] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Other modifications can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for crop nutrient remediation, characterized in that, include: Dig a ventilation trench on either side of the crop to be repaired; Lay a layer of soil, mix waste fruit peels with fermentation agent at 0.1% to 0.2% of the total weight of the fruit peels, place the mixture on top of the soil, and cover it with soil with a moisture content of 38% to 42% for sealed fermentation for 30 to 50 days. During the fermentation period, add tap water daily until the soil moisture content reaches 38% to 42%. After 20 days of sealed fermentation, take the filtrate of the fermentation material daily and mix it to obtain the repair solution. The nutrient repair of the crop is carried out 6 to 15 days before fertilization management is carried out before or after the flowering period or during the fruiting period; When the soil moisture in the ventilation trench is 55%~60%, inject the repair solution into the ventilation trench in the early morning or evening, and continue to inject for 3~5 days. The solution was diluted 13-15 times on the first 1-2 days after injection; 11-13 times on the second 2-3 days; and 10-11 times on the third 3-5 days. The amount of solution injected per crop was 500-2000 ml. After fermentation, fill the fermented material into the aeration trench and cover it with soil, with a soil covering thickness of not less than 2 cm. Before injecting the repair solution, inject tap water into the ventilation groove. The amount of tap water should be 100-350 ml. Two to three days after the injection of the repair solution, spray the crop to be repaired with nutrient solution, with each plant receiving 500 to 2000 ml of the solution. The nutrient solution is prepared by mixing urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, and tap water in a ratio of 18:3:8:50 to 75. The crop is mango or tangerine.

2. The method for crop nutrient remediation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the ventilation trench and the bottom of the main stem of the crop to be repaired is 15-20 cm.

3. The method for crop nutrient remediation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before sealing and fermenting, cut the fruit peel into small pieces with a length and width of less than 2 cm.

4. The method for crop nutrient remediation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation groove has a width of 15-35 cm, a length of 15-20 cm, and a depth of 15-35 cm.

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