A feed additive for reducing the incidence of water blister and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application discloses a feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs and a preparation method and application thereof. The formula of the feed additive is as follows: dimethyl sulfone 3.5-7.0 parts, yeast selenium 0.25-0.5 parts and corn flour 12.5-16.25 parts. 4 / 5 of the corn flour in the formula is added into a mixing machine, then the dimethyl sulfone is added, mixed for 3-5 minutes, the yeast selenium is added, and the mixing is continued for 3-5 minutes, finally the remaining 1 / 5 of the corn flour is added, and the mixing is continued for 3-5 minutes, so the feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs is obtained. The feed additive is added into the egg chicken feed at a proportion of 0.2%, and can be used for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs after 14 days of continuous feeding. The feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs can significantly improve the watermarked egg problem, and brings significant improvement to the economic benefits of the egg chicken breeders.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of breeding feed, in particular to a feed additive for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Watermarked eggs refer to a kind of eggs with watermarked spots on the eggshell, also known as dark spot eggs. The watermarks on the eggshell not only affect the appearance of the eggs, but also increase the probability of microbial contamination of the eggs, and reduce the storage resistance of the eggs. The appearance of the eggs is the most direct factor for consumers to judge the quality of the eggs, and the watermarks on the eggshell will make consumers mistakenly believe that there is a problem with the quality of the eggs, so they refuse to buy such eggs. In recent years, watermarked eggs have caused significant losses to egg breeders, egg suppliers and distributors. According to statistics, the direct economic losses caused by watermarked eggs can reach 2 billion yuan per year. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a feed additive to reduce the incidence of watermarked eggs and reduce the incidence of watermarked eggs during egg production and storage for the healthy development of the egg breeding industry.

[0003] The formation of watermarked eggs is affected by many factors such as the condition of the laying hens, the age of the laying hens, the breeding environment, the nutritional level, the storage environment and the storage time of the eggs. In high temperature and high humidity seasons, the incidence of watermarked eggs can be as high as 35%. Although there are many external factors affecting watermarked eggs, these external factors ultimately affect the quality of the eggshell membrane and the eggshell. Poor quality of the eggshell membrane can cause water in the egg white to penetrate into the eggshell, and excessive water in the eggshell can form watermarked spots, which is an important reason for the formation of watermarked eggs. Studies have shown that the water content of the eggshell of watermarked eggs (2.18%) is significantly higher than that of normal eggshells (1.25%). The thickness of the eggshell membrane and the inner membrane of the watermarked eggshell is thinner, the fiber structure of the eggshell membrane is looser, the compactness is poorer, and the gap between the inner and outer eggshell membranes is larger, so the water in the egg white is more likely to penetrate from the watermarked part and enter the eggshell. The microstructure of the watermarked eggshell also has great differences. The results of the biological scanning electron microscope of the eggshell show that the compactness and thickness of the crystal layer and the grid layer of the watermarked part of the eggshell are lower than those of the normal eggshell, the gap between the papillae is large, the papillae are fragile, the arrangement is loose and disordered. In addition, the incidence of watermarked eggs is high in summer. High temperature and high humidity in summer can cause stress in laying hens, leading to a decrease in calcium levels in the blood of laying hens, hormone secretion disorder, and a decrease in eggshell quality, thereby producing watermarked eggs.

[0004] The microstructure variation of eggshell membrane and eggshell and the decline of eggshell quality caused by stress during the breeding process are important reasons for the occurrence of watermarked eggs. China is a big country of poultry consumption. At present, watermarked eggs have become an important problem restricting the development of the egg industry. Although there have been some research progress on the causes of watermarked eggs, due to the complex mechanism of watermarked egg formation and many influencing factors, the application effect of some single solutions reported is poor, and the problem of watermarked eggs cannot be truly solved in production.

[0005] The eggshell membrane is a biological membrane composed of proteins. Dimethyl sulfone is a natural sulfur donor and methyl donor, which can provide sulfur elements for laying hens, help the formation of disulfide bonds and collagen proteins on the eggshell membrane, increase the density of the eggshell membrane, reduce the water infiltration in the egg white, and thus prevent the formation of watermarked eggs. In addition, dimethyl sulfone and yeast selenium both have the effect of relieving oxidative stress, which can effectively improve the oxidative stress of laying hens caused by feeding factors and breeding environment, and reduce the occurrence of watermarked eggs. So far, there is no report on the combination of dimethyl sulfone and yeast selenium as a feed additive to improve watermarked eggs. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs and a preparation method thereof. The present application adopts a double-factor combination design and a laying hen feeding test to determine the proportion of the two main components and the addition amount of the product in the laying hen diet. At the same time, the components are processed and mixed to form a feed additive, which is added to the laying hen feed in proportion, and can be used to reduce the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs after continuous feeding for 14 days. The feed additive of the present application significantly improves the problem of high occurrence rate of watermarked eggs in the production process of laying hens, and reduces the economic losses of laying hen breeders caused by watermarked eggs.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solutions designed by the present application are as follows:

[0008] The present application provides a feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs, which comprises the following components by weight: dimethyl sulfone 3.0-8.0 parts, yeast selenium 0.20-0.6 parts, and corn flour 12.0-17.0 parts.

[0009] Further, the feed additive comprises the following components by weight: dimethyl sulfone 3.5-7.0 parts, yeast selenium 0.25-0.5 parts, and corn flour 12.5-16.25 parts.

[0010] Still further, the feed additive comprises the following components by weight: dimethyl sulfone 3.5 parts, yeast selenium 0.25 parts, and corn flour 16.25 parts.

[0011] Further, the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: dimethyl sulfone 7.0 parts, yeast selenium 0.5 parts, and corn flour 12.5 parts.

[0012] Further, the total selenium content of the yeast selenium is ≥0.2% by mass, and the selenium in an organic form accounts for ≥98% of the total selenium by mass.

[0013] The application also provides a preparation method of the feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) the three raw materials of dimethyl sulfone, yeast selenium and corn flour are weighed according to the above weight parts respectively;

[0015] (2) 4 / 5 of the corn flour is added into a mixing machine, and then the dimethyl sulfone is added, and mixed for 3-5 minutes;

[0016] (3) the yeast selenium is further added, and mixed for 3-5 minutes;

[0017] (4) finally, the remaining 1 / 5 of the corn flour is added, and mixed for 3-5 minutes, to obtain the feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs.

[0018] The application also provides a feed for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs, comprising the feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs.

[0019] Further, the feed comprises a basic daily ration and the feed additive, wherein the feed additive is added in an amount of 0.1%-0.3% of the basic daily ration.

[0020] Further, the feed additive is added in an amount of 0.2% of the total amount of the basic daily ration.

[0021] The application also provides a preparation method of the feed for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs, which comprises adding the feed additive into a basic daily ration of laying hens and mixing.

[0022] Principle of the application:

[0023] The dimethyl sulfone in the application is not only a necessary substance for the synthesis of collagen on the eggshell membrane, but also a sulfur element donor, which can promote the formation of disulfide bonds in the eggshell membrane fibers and help to increase the density of the eggshell membrane. In addition, the dimethyl sulfone also has the effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and improving animal immunity, which can improve the structure of the eggshell membrane and promote the health of the laying hens, and reduce the generation of watermarked eggs.

[0024] Advantages of the application:

[0025] The present application uses dimethyl sulfone and yeast selenium as main raw materials to prepare a feed additive for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs, the adding proportion of the feed additive in the basic daily ration is 0.2%, the feed production enterprise does not need premixing treatment in the use process, can be directly added to the main mixer for use, and the feeding effect is obvious, and the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs can be reduced by 54.38% at most. The present application shows a good effect of improving watermarked eggs by using dimethyl sulfone and yeast selenium in combination, the preparation method of the feed additive is simple, the cost is low, and it is beneficial to industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The score standard for watermarked eggs is shown in the table.

[0027] In the figure, 1-2 levels are defined as normal eggs, and 3-5 levels are defined as watermarked eggs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments, so as to be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0029] Screening of the feed additive formula for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs of the present application

[0030] The dimethyl sulfone is a feed grade, and the effective component content is ≥98% by mass percentage. The yeast selenium is a feed grade, and the total selenium content is ≥0.2% by mass percentage, wherein the selenium in organic form accounts for ≥98% of the total selenium by mass percentage.

[0031] Although the yeast selenium is a mineral element additive, it is an organic matter itself, and the dimethyl sulfone is also an organic matter, according to the principle of similarity compatibility and close density, corn powder is selected as a diluent.

[0032] The feed additive formula for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs is: dimethyl sulfone: 3.5-7.0 parts; yeast selenium: 0.25-0.5 parts; corn powder: 12.5-16.25 parts.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A formula of a feed additive I for reducing the occurrence rate of watermarked eggs is:

[0035] Dimethyl sulfone 3.5 parts, yeast selenium 0.25 parts, and corn powder 16.25 parts.

[0036] The preparation method of the feed additive I includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) The three raw materials of dimethyl sulfone, yeast selenium and corn powder are weighed according to the above weight parts respectively;

[0038] (2) 4 / 5 of the corn powder is added to the mixer, then the dimethyl sulfone is added, and mixed for 3-5 minutes;

[0039] (3) Add yeast selenium again, and continue mixing for 3-5 minutes;

[0040] (4) Finally, add the remaining 1 / 5 of the corn flour, and continue mixing for 3-5 minutes to obtain the feed additive I with reduced incidence of waterfowl.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the feed additive II is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0043] The formula of the feed additive II is: dimethyl sulfone 3.5 parts, yeast selenium 0.5 parts, and corn flour 16.0 parts.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the feed additive III is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0046] The formula of the feed additive III is: dimethyl sulfone 7.0 parts, yeast selenium 0.25 parts, and corn flour 12.75 parts.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] In this embodiment, the preparation method of the feed additive IV is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0049] The formula of the feed additive IV is: dimethyl sulfone 7.0 parts, yeast selenium 0.5 parts, and corn flour 12.5 parts.

[0050] Example 5:

[0051] The preparation method of the feed I is: the feed additive I is added to the basic diet of the laying hens, and the addition amount of the feed additive is 0.2% of the total amount of the basic diet.

[0052] Example 6:

[0053] The preparation method of the feed II is: the feed additive II is added to the basic diet of the laying hens, and the addition amount of the feed additive is 0.2% of the total amount of the basic diet.

[0054] Example 7:

[0055] The preparation method of the feed III is: the feed additive III is added to the basic diet of the laying hens, and the addition amount of the feed additive is 0.2% of the total amount of the basic diet.

[0056] Example 8:

[0057] The preparation method of the feed IV is: the feed additive IV is added to the basic diet of the laying hens, and the addition amount of the feed additive is 0.2% of the total amount of the basic diet.

[0058] The application is illustrated in detail below in combination with the Figure 1 application method and effects in laying hen diet.

[0059] In the test of the method, 500 healthy Jingfen No. 6 hens of 57 weeks old with similar laying rate, watermarked egg incidence and body weight were selected and divided into 5 treatment groups, 100 hens in each treatment group. The control group was fed with basic diet; feed groups I, II, III and IV were fed with feed I, II, III and IV respectively. The pre-test period was 1 week, and the formal test period was 3 weeks.

[0060] In the second week (7-14 days) and the third week (15-21 days) of the formal test, 30 eggs were randomly selected from each treatment group every day, and the eggs were stored at room temperature (25°C) for 7 days, then the watermarks on the eggshells were detected by using the egg lamp. The watermarked egg score standard was compared, and the watermarks on the eggshells of each egg were scored, 1-2 levels were defined as normal eggs, and 3-5 levels were defined as watermarked eggs. Figure 1

[0061] The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0062] Table 1 Influence of feed on the incidence of watermarked eggs in the second week (7-14 days)

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] As can be seen from Table 1, under the conditions of the test, the incidence of watermarked eggs in the control group in the second week was 28.10%. The incidence of watermarked eggs in feed groups I-IV was 14.29%, 19.52%, 21.43% and 20.00% respectively, which was lower than that of the control group to varying degrees. Compared with the control group, the lowest decrease in the incidence of watermarked eggs in the feed group was 23.74% (feed group III), and the highest was 49.15% (feed group I).

[0066] Table 2 Influence of feed on the incidence of watermarked eggs in the third week (15-21 days)

[0067]

[0068] As can be seen from Table 2, under the conditions of the test, the incidence of watermarked eggs in the control group in the third week was 27.14%. The incidence of watermarked eggs in feed groups I-IV was 16.19%, 19.05%, 15.24% and 12.38% respectively, which was lower than that of the control group to varying degrees. Compared with the control group, the lowest decrease in the incidence of watermarked eggs in the feed group was 29.81% (feed group II), and the highest was 54.38% (feed group IV). ​

[0069] From the above test results, it can be seen that the additive has a good improvement effect on the occurrence rate of water mark eggs after use, and the highest reduction of water mark egg occurrence rate can reach 54.38%.

[0070] Other parts not specifically described are prior art. Although the above examples make a detailed description of the present application, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained according to the present embodiments without creativity, which belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A feed additive for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs, characterized in that: The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: dimethyl sulfone: 3.5-7.0 parts, yeast selenium: 0.25-0.5 parts, and corn flour: 12.5-16.25 parts.

2. The feed additive for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: dimethyl sulfone: 3.5 parts, yeast selenium: 0.25 parts, and corn flour: 16.25 parts.

3. The feed additive for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: dimethyl sulfone: 7.0 parts, yeast selenium: 0.5 parts, and corn flour: 12.5 parts.

4. A feed additive for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The total selenium content of the yeast is ≥0.2% by mass, of which organic selenium accounts for ≥98% by mass.

5. A method for preparing a feed additive for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Weigh out the three raw materials, namely dimethyl sulfone, yeast selenium and corn flour, according to the above weight proportions; (2) Add 4 / 5 of the corn flour to the mixer, then add dimethyl sulfone and mix for 3-5 minutes; (3) Add the yeast selenium and continue mixing for 3-5 minutes; (4) Finally, add the remaining 1 / 5 of the corn flour and continue mixing for 3-5 minutes to obtain a feed additive that reduces the incidence of watermarked eggs.

6. A feed for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs, characterized in that: This includes feed additives for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The feed for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed includes a basal diet and feed additives, wherein the amount of feed additives added is 0.1%-0.3% of the total basal diet.

8. The feed for reducing the incidence of watermarked eggs according to claim 7, characterized in that: The amount of feed additive added is 0.2% of the total basal diet.

9. A method for preparing feed that reduces the incidence of watermarked eggs, characterized in that: The method involves mixing the feed additives described in any one of claims 1 to 3 into the basal diet of laying hens.

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