A waterway amphibious drone

Abstract

The present invention provides a waterway amphibious drone, which belongs to the field of drone sampling technology. The waterway amphibious drone includes a body, a cavity is opened at the bottom of the body, and the transfer mechanism includes a transfer shell, a load-bearing plate, a fixing plate, a sleeve and a sampling tube. The transfer shell is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cavity, the load-bearing plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transfer shell, and the fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transfer shell. The present invention sets a transfer mechanism, reversely starts the motor, and makes the first wheel rotate counterclockwise. The first wedge block cannot be retracted into the inside of the first accommodating cavity. Through the sliding connection between the limit plate and the waterproof shell, the waterproof shell is made to revolve along the trajectory of the limit plate with the center of the transfer shell as the center of the circle. The motor is turned off when the teeth of the gear are engaged with the teeth of the next second ratchet ring, so that the drone does not need to make multiple round trips when sampling at multiple points.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sampling, and in particular to an amphibious UAV. Background Art

[0002] Drone sampling is an advanced sampling method that has demonstrated significant advantages in many fields such as wetland parks, environmental monitoring, and water quality monitoring. Drone sampling is not restricted by terrain, traffic, and other factors. It can quickly reach difficult-to-reach areas, reduce manpower and material resources, and significantly improve sampling efficiency. Especially when monitoring marine areas, sampling by drone is a convenient operation.

[0003] When existing equipment is in use, it can usually only sample seawater once at a time. When staff need to sample at multiple points, the drone needs to make multiple round trips, which takes a lot of time and increases costs. In addition, seawater sampling is generally carried out through the bottom opening of the sampling tube and the negative pressure principle is used for sampling. While this improves convenience, it also makes the sample less stable during transportation and more prone to leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an amphibious drone that overcomes the above technical problems or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0006] The present invention provides an amphibious unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a body, wherein a cavity is formed at the bottom of the body.

[0007] A transfer mechanism, the transfer mechanism comprising:

[0008] A transfer shell, the transfer shell being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cavity;

[0009] A carrying plate, the carrying plate being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transport shell;

[0010] A fixing plate, the fixing plate being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transport shell and being located above the carrying plate;

[0011] Sleeves, wherein a plurality of sleeves are provided, and the sleeves are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixed plate, and the lower portion of the sleeves is open;

[0012] A sampling tube, the sampling tube is slidably sleeved inside the sleeve, and a sampling port is opened at the bottom of the sampling tube;

[0013] A sealing mechanism, which is disposed inside the sampling tube and cooperates with the sampling port;

[0014] The suspension mechanism is arranged on the surface of the body to increase the buoyancy of the body on the water surface.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the closing mechanism includes:

[0016] A support rod, the support rod being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve;

[0017] A closing rod, the closing rod being fixedly sleeved on the surface of the support rod and extending into the interior of the sampling tube;

[0018] A closing plate, the closing plate being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the closing rod, the diameter of the closing plate being smaller than the diameter of the sampling tube, and the shape of the closing plate being consistent with the shape of the bottom of the inner wall of the sampling tube;

[0019] The closing plug is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the closing plate, and the size of the closing plug is consistent with the size of the sampling port.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the suspension mechanism includes:

[0021] A fixing ring, the fixing ring being fixedly mounted on the surface of the machine body;

[0022] An air cylinder, wherein the air cylinder fixing sleeve is arranged inside the fixing ring;

[0023] An airbag, the airbag being mounted on top of the air cylinder, and the inner cavity of the airbag being in communication with the inner cavity of the air cylinder;

[0024] A piston is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the gas cylinder.

[0025] In a preferred solution, a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting plate, and the supporting plate and the limiting plate are integrally formed. A surface sliding sleeve of the limiting plate is provided with a waterproof shell, a first rotating wheel is rotatably installed on the top of the waterproof shell, a motor is fixedly installed inside the waterproof shell, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating wheel.

[0026] In a preferred solution, a first accommodating cavity is provided on the surface of the first rotating wheel, a first wedge is slidably installed inside the first accommodating cavity, a first spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the first wedge.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, a first ratchet ring is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting plate, a gear is fixedly installed on the top of the first rotating wheel, a second ratchet ring and a second rotating wheel are rotatably installed on the top of the fixed plate, and a tooth groove is provided on the surface of the second ratchet ring, and the second ratchet ring is engaged with the gear through the tooth groove.

[0028] In a preferred solution, a second accommodating cavity is opened on the surface of the second rotating wheel, a second wedge is slidably installed inside the second accommodating cavity, a second spring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second accommodating cavity, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the second wedge.

[0029] In a preferred solution, a reciprocating screw is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second rotating wheel, the reciprocating screw extends to the interior of the sleeve and is rotatably connected to the top of the closing rod, a power plate is slidably installed inside the sleeve, the power plate is sleeved on the surface of the reciprocating screw and is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw, a follower rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the power plate, the follower rod extends to the interior of the sampling tube, a follower plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the follower rod, and the follower plate is located above the closing plate.

[0030] In a preferred solution, a plug-in slot is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, an opening and closing rod is fixedly installed on the top of the follower plate, an opening and closing cavity is provided on the top wall of the sampling tube, an opening and closing block is slidably installed inside the opening and closing cavity, the bottom of the opening and closing block is shaped as an arc, the opening and closing block extends to the inside of the plug-in slot, a third spring is fixedly installed on one end of the inner wall of the opening and closing cavity close to the closing rod, and the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the opening and closing block.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, a connecting ring is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the air cylinder, a fourth spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting ring, the other end of the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the top of the piston, a buoyancy rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston, and a buoyancy plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the buoyancy rod.

[0032] The present invention provides an amphibious drone, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. By setting up a transfer mechanism, the motor is started in reverse to make the first rotor rotate counterclockwise. The first wedge block cannot be retracted into the first accommodating cavity. Through the sliding connection between the limit plate and the waterproof shell, the waterproof shell is made to revolve along the trajectory of the limit plate with the center of the transfer shell as the center of the circle. The motor is turned off when the teeth of the gear engage with the teeth of the next second ratchet ring, so that the drone does not need to make multiple round trips when sampling at multiple points.

[0034] 2. By setting up a closing mechanism, turning on the motor, driving the first wheel and the gear to rotate clockwise, the second ratchet ring to rotate counterclockwise, and the second wheel drives the reciprocating screw to rotate, so that the follower plate moves upward, and the seawater enters the interior of the sampling tube through the sampling port. When it reaches the preset position, the opening and closing rod squeezes the bottom of the opening and closing block, and the opening and closing block disengages from the socket slot, so that the sampling tube moves upward with the follower plate until the sampling port at the bottom of the sampling tube is blocked by the closing plug, thereby avoiding the problem of poor stability and easy leakage of the sample during transportation.

[0035] 3. By setting up a suspension mechanism, when the UAV is sampling seawater, the UAV is controlled to descend so that the buoyancy plate is immersed in the seawater, driving the buoyancy plate and the buoyancy rod to move to the side close to the UAV, so that the piston squeezes the air inside the cylinder. Since the inner cavity of the cylinder and the inner cavity of the airbag are connected, the air in the cylinder enters the interior of the airbag, inflating the airbag. By increasing the area of ​​the airbag, the UAV's own weight is further offset, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the UAV when sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention is provided from a bottom view;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a transfer mechanism is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a first rotating wheel is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 An exploded view of a second ratchet ring and a second rotating wheel is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of a sleeve, a second rotor, and a sampling tube is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the use of a power plate and a follower plate is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8A partial cross-sectional view of a gas cylinder is provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 Provided for the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 10 Provided for the embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0047] Figure 11 Provided for the embodiment of the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0048] Figure 12 Provided for the embodiment of the present invention Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0049] In the figure: 1. body; 2. cavity; 301. transport shell; 302. carrying plate; 303. fixing plate; 304. sleeve; 305. sampling tube; 306. sampling port; 401. support rod; 402. closing rod; 403. closing plate; 404. closing plug; 501. fixing ring; 502. air cylinder; 503. air bag; 504. piston; 9. limit plate; 10. waterproof shell; 11. first rotating wheel; 12. motor; 13. first accommodating chamber; 14. first wedge; 15. First spring; 16. First ratchet ring; 17. Gear; 18. Second ratchet ring; 19. Second rotating wheel; 20. Tooth groove; 21. Second accommodating chamber; 22. Second wedge block; 23. Second spring; 24. Reciprocating screw; 25. Power plate; 26. Follower rod; 27. Follower plate; 28. Connecting slot; 29. ​​Opening and closing rod; 30. Opening and closing chamber; 31. Opening and closing block; 32. Third spring; 33. Connecting ring; 34. Fourth spring; 35. Buoyancy rod; 36. Buoyancy plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Reference Figure 1-12The present invention provides a technical solution: an amphibious drone, comprising a body 1, a cavity 2 is opened at the bottom of the body 1, the transport mechanism comprises a transport shell 301, a carrying plate 302, a fixing plate 303, a sleeve 304 and a sampling tube 305, the transport shell 301 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cavity 2, the carrying plate 302 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transport shell 301, the fixing plate 303 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transport shell 301, the fixing plate 303 is located above the carrying plate 302, a plurality of sleeves 304 are provided, the sleeves 304 are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixing plate 303, the lower part of the sleeve 304 is opened, and the sampling tube 305 is slidably sleeved on the sleeve 304 Inside, a sampling port 306 is provided at the bottom of the sampling tube 305, and the closing mechanism is arranged inside the sampling tube 305 and cooperates with the sampling port 306. The suspension mechanism is arranged on the surface of the body 1 to increase the buoyancy of the body 1 on the water surface. A limit plate 9 is fixedly installed on the top of the bearing plate 302, and the bearing plate 302 and the limit plate 9 are integrally formed. A waterproof shell 10 is slidingly sleeved on the surface of the limit plate 9. A first rotating wheel 11 is rotatably installed on the top of the waterproof shell 10, and a motor 12 is fixedly installed inside the waterproof shell 10. The output end of the motor 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating wheel 11, and a first accommodating cavity 13 is provided on the surface of the first rotating wheel 11. A first wedge 14 is slidably installed inside the receiving chamber 13, and a first spring 15 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first receiving chamber 13. The other end of the first spring 15 is fixedly connected to the first wedge 14. By setting a transfer mechanism, starting the motor 12, the first rotating wheel 11 is driven to rotate clockwise. At this time, due to the arc-shaped setting of the first wedge 14 and the inclined setting of the ratchet teeth inside the first ratchet ring 16, the first wedge 14 is squeezed and retracted into the interior of the first receiving chamber 13. The first wedge 14 is reciprocated and popped out by the rebound force of the first spring 15, and a first telescopic rod is installed between the inner wall of the first receiving chamber 13 and the first wedge 14, so that the first spring 15 is not easily damaged. When a sampling tube 3 is taken out, 05 After the sample collection is completed, when it is necessary to sample the next place, the motor 12 is started in reverse to rotate the first rotating wheel 11 counterclockwise. At this time, the first wedge 14 squeezes the ratchet teeth inside the first ratchet ring 16, which is similar to the cooperation between the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel. The contact surfaces of the first wedge 14 and the ratchet teeth inside the first ratchet ring 16 are both linear, so that the first wedge 14 cannot be retracted into the inside of the first accommodating cavity 13. Through the sliding connection between the limiting plate 9 and the waterproof shell 10, the waterproof shell 10 is made to revolve along the trajectory of the limiting plate 9 with the center of the transfer shell 301 as the center of the circle, and a roller is provided at the bottom of the waterproof shell 10 for rotation. The bottom of the roller contacts the top of the bearing plate 302, reducing the friction between the waterproof shell 10 and the limiting plate 9.The motor 12 is turned off until the teeth of the gear 17 are engaged with the tooth grooves 20 of the next second ratchet ring 18, so that the drone does not need to make multiple round trips when sampling at multiple points;

[0052] Reference Figure 1-12The sealing mechanism includes a support rod 401, a sealing rod 402, a sealing plate 403 and a sealing plug 404. The support rod 401 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve 304. The sealing rod 402 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the support rod 401. The sealing rod 402 extends to the interior of the sampling tube 305. The sealing plate 403 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sealing rod 402. The diameter of the sealing plate 403 is smaller than the diameter of the sampling tube 305. The shape of the sealing plate 403 is consistent with the shape of the bottom of the inner wall of the sampling tube 305. The sealing plug 404 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the sealing plate 403. The size of the sealing plug 404 is consistent with the size of the sampling port 306. The top of the supporting plate 302 is fixedly mounted with a A ratchet ring 16, a gear 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the first rotating wheel 11, a second ratchet ring 18 and a second rotating wheel 19 are rotatably installed on the top of the fixing plate 303, a tooth groove 20 is provided on the surface of the second ratchet ring 18, and the second ratchet ring 18 is meshed with the gear 17 through the tooth groove 20, a second accommodating cavity 21 is provided on the surface of the second rotating wheel 19, a second wedge 22 is slidably installed inside the second accommodating cavity 21, a second spring 23 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second accommodating cavity 21, and the other end of the second spring 23 is fixedly connected to the second wedge 22, a reciprocating screw rod 24 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second rotating wheel 19, and the reciprocating screw rod 24 extends to the inside of the sleeve 304 and is connected to the second wedge 22. The top of the closing rod 402 is rotatably connected, and a power plate 25 is slidably installed inside the sleeve 304. The power plate 25 is sleeved on the surface of the reciprocating screw rod 24 and is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod 24. A follower rod 26 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the power plate 25. The follower rod 26 extends to the inside of the sampling tube 305. A follower plate 27 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the follower rod 26. The follower plate 27 is located above the closing plate 403. A plug-in groove 28 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 304. An opening and closing rod 29 is fixedly installed on the top of the follower plate 27. An opening and closing cavity 30 is provided on the top wall of the sampling tube 305. An opening and closing block 31 is slidably installed inside the opening and closing cavity 30. The shape of the bottom of the opening and closing block 31 The opening and closing block 31 is set to an arc shape, and the opening and closing block 31 passes through the interior of the plug-in slot 28. A third spring 32 is fixedly installed on one end of the inner wall of the opening and closing cavity 30 near the closing rod 402. The other end of the third spring 32 is fixedly connected to the opening and closing block 31. By setting a closing mechanism, when sampling, the motor 12 is turned on to drive the first rotating wheel 11 to rotate clockwise, so that the first rotating wheel 11 drives the gear 17 to rotate. Through the cooperation of the tooth grooves 20 on the gear 17 and the second ratchet ring 18, the second ratchet ring 18 rotates counterclockwise, so that the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 squeeze the second wedge block 22. The contact surfaces of the second wedge block 22 and the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 are both linear, so that the second wedge block 22 cannot be retracted into the interior of the second accommodating cavity 21.The second wedge 22 drives the reciprocating screw 24 to rotate through the second rotating wheel 19. The power plate 25 is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw 24, so that the power plate 25 drives the follower plate 27 to move upward through the follower rod 26. At this time, since the end of the opening and closing block 31 away from the opening and closing chamber 30 is inserted into the plug-in slot 28, the sampling tube 305 cannot move. Due to the negative pressure principle, negative pressure is generated between the follower plate 27 and the sampling port 306, causing seawater to enter the interior of the sampling tube 305 through the sampling port 306. Since the diameter of the closing plate 403 is smaller than that of the sampling tube 30 5, so that the seawater rises with the rise of the follower plate 27 and passes through the space between the closing plate 403 and the sampling tube 305. When the follower plate 27 drives the opening and closing rod 29 to reach the preset position, as the follower plate 27 moves upward, the opening and closing rod 29 squeezes the bottom of the opening and closing block 31, causing the opening and closing block 31 to compress the third spring 32, disengage from the insertion groove 28 and retract into the interior of the opening and closing cavity 30. At this time, the follower plate 27 continues to move upward, and the top of the follower plate 27 squeezes the top of the inner wall of the sampling tube 305, causing the sampling tube 305 to follow the upper and lower edges of the sample tube 305. The follower plate 27 moves upward together until the power plate 25 reaches the top of the inner wall of the sleeve 304, and the sampling port 306 at the bottom of the sampling tube 305 is blocked by the sealing plug 404, thereby avoiding the problem that the sample is too unstable and easy to leak during transportation. In the next sampling, when the motor 12 drives the first rotating wheel 11 to rotate counterclockwise, the gear 17 rotates counterclockwise with the first rotating wheel 11, and the gear 17 cooperates with the tooth groove 20 on the second ratchet ring 18 to make the second ratchet ring 18 rotate clockwise, so that the inner ratchet teeth of the second ratchet ring 18 engage with the second ratchet ring 18. The second wedge block 22 causes extrusion, and the contact surface between the second wedge block 22 and the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 is arc-shaped and inclined, so that the second wedge block 22 is retracted into the inside of the second accommodating chamber 21, and the second wedge block 22 is retracted and ejected reciprocatingly by the rebound force of the second spring 23. A second telescopic rod is also installed between the second wedge block 22 and the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber 21, so that the second wedge block 22 cannot drive the second rotating wheel 19 to rotate, and will not drive the reciprocating screw rod 24 to rotate, and thus cannot affect the sampling tube 305 after sampling;

[0053] It is worth noting that in the initial state, the distance between the bottom of the support rod 401 and the top of the sampling tube 305 is greater than the distance between the bottom of the closing plug 404 and the bottom of the sampling port 306, to prevent the sampling tube 305 from being unable to rise due to stroke problems. The follower plate 27 is slidably mounted on the surface of the sealing rod and maintains sealing through a sealing gasket.

[0054] Reference Figure 1-12The suspension mechanism includes a fixing ring 501, an air cylinder 502, an air bag 503 and a piston 504. The fixing ring 501 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the body 1, the air cylinder 502 is fixedly sleeved inside the fixing ring 501, the air bag 503 is mounted on the top of the air cylinder 502, and the inner cavity of the air bag 503 is communicated with the inner cavity of the air cylinder 502, the piston 504 is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the air cylinder 502, the inner cavity of the air cylinder 502 is fixedly mounted with a connecting ring 33, the bottom of the connecting ring 33 is fixedly mounted with a fourth spring 34, the other end of the fourth spring 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 504, the bottom of the piston 504 is fixedly mounted with a buoyancy rod 35, and the bottom of the buoyancy rod 35 is fixedly mounted with a buoyancy plate 36. By setting the suspension mechanism, when there is no When the human-machine is sampling seawater, the drone is controlled to descend so that the buoyancy plate 36 is immersed in the seawater. Since the buoyancy plate 36 is made of plastic, has a low density, and is hollow, the buoyancy plate 36 provides upward buoyancy in the seawater, driving the buoyancy plate 36 and the buoyancy rod 35 to move toward the side close to the drone, causing the piston 504 to squeeze the air inside the air cylinder 502. Since the inner cavity of the air cylinder 502 and the inner cavity of the air bag 503 are connected, the air in the air cylinder 502 enters the interior of the air bag 503, causing the air bag 503 to inflate. By increasing the area of ​​the air bag 503, the drone's own weight is further offset, reducing the energy consumption of the drone when sampling. When the drone rises after sampling is completed, the rebound force of the fourth spring 34 causes the piston 504 to drive the buoyancy rod 35 and the buoyancy plate 36 back to their original position.

[0055] Specifically, the working process or working principle of the water amphibious drone is as follows: when the drone is in use, when sampling seawater, the drone is controlled to descend so that the buoyancy plate 36 is immersed in the seawater, driving the buoyancy plate 36 and the buoyancy rod 35 to move to the side close to the drone, so that the piston 504 squeezes the air inside the air cylinder 502. Since the inner cavity of the air cylinder 502 and the inner cavity of the air bag 503 are connected, the air in the air cylinder 502 enters the interior of the air bag 503, causing the air bag 503 to inflate. By increasing the area of ​​the air bag 503, the drone's own weight is further offset, reducing the energy consumption of the drone when sampling, starting the motor 12, and driving the first rotor 11 to rotate clockwise. At this time, due to the arc-shaped setting of the first wedge block 14 and the first ratchet ring The ratchet teeth 16 are arranged obliquely, so that the first wedge 14 is squeezed and retracted into the first accommodating chamber 13. The first wedge 14 is reciprocated and popped out by the resilience of the first spring 15. A first telescopic rod is installed between the inner wall of the first accommodating chamber 13 and the first wedge 14, so that the first spring 15 is not easily damaged. When the first rotating wheel 11 rotates, it drives the gear 17 to rotate. Through the cooperation of the gear 17 and the tooth groove 20 on the second ratchet ring 18, the second ratchet ring 18 rotates counterclockwise, so that the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 squeeze the second wedge 22. The contact surfaces of the second wedge 22 and the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 are both linear, so that the second wedge 22 cannot be retracted into the second accommodating chamber 21, so that the second wedge 22 drives the reciprocating screw 24 to rotate through the second rotating wheel 19, and through the threaded connection between the power plate 25 and the reciprocating screw 24, the power plate 25 drives the following plate 27 to move upward through the following rod 26. At this time, since the end of the opening and closing block 31 away from the opening and closing chamber 30 is inserted into the plug-in slot 28, the sampling tube 305 cannot move. Due to the negative pressure principle, negative pressure is generated between the following plate 27 and the sampling port 306, causing seawater to enter the interior of the sampling tube 305 through the sampling port 306. Since the diameter of the closing plate 403 is smaller than the diameter of the sampling tube 305, the seawater rises as the following plate 27 rises, and passes through the space between the closing plate 403 and the sampling tube 305. When the following plate 27 drives the opening and closing rod 29 to reach the preset position, as the following plate 27 moves upward, the seawater flows into the sampling tube 305. When the cam 35 is in the open position, the piston 504 drives the buoyancy rod 35 and the buoyancy plate 36 to return to their original positions. ...By cooperating with the tooth grooves 20 on the gear 17 and the second ratchet ring 18, the second ratchet ring 18 rotates clockwise, causing the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 to squeeze the second wedge block 22. The contact surface of the second wedge block 22 and the ratchet teeth inside the second ratchet ring 18 is arc-shaped and inclined, so that the second wedge block 22 is retracted into the inside of the second accommodating chamber 21, and the second wedge block 22 is retracted and ejected reciprocatingly by the rebound force of the second spring 23. A second telescopic rod is also installed between the second wedge block 22 and the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber 21, so that the second wedge block 22 cannot drive the second rotating wheel 19 to rotate, and will not drive the reciprocating screw rod 24 to rotate, and will not affect the sampling tube 305 after the sampling is completed. When the rotating wheel 11 rotates counterclockwise, the first wedge 14 squeezes the ratchet teeth inside the first ratchet ring 16. The contact surfaces between the first wedge 14 and the ratchet teeth inside the first ratchet ring 16 are both linear, preventing the first wedge 14 from retracting into the first accommodating cavity 13. Through the sliding connection between the limit plate 9 and the waterproof housing 10, the waterproof housing 10 revolves along the trajectory of the limit plate 9 with the center of the transfer housing 301 as the center. A roller is provided at the bottom of the waterproof housing 10 for rotation. The bottom of the roller contacts the top of the carrier plate 302, reducing the friction between the waterproof housing 10 and the limit plate 9 until the teeth of the gear 17 engage the teeth 20 of the next second ratchet ring 18, at which point the motor 12 is turned off.

[0056] It should be noted that the motor 12 is a device or equipment existing in the prior art, or a device or equipment that can be realized in the prior art. Its power supply, specific composition and principles are clear to those skilled in the art, so they are not described in detail.

Claims

1. A waterway amphibious drone, comprising a body (1), wherein a cavity (2) is formed at the bottom of the body (1), and characterized in that: A transfer mechanism, the transfer mechanism comprising: A transfer shell (301), wherein the transfer shell (301) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cavity (2); A carrying plate (302), the carrying plate (302) being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transport shell (301); A fixing plate (303), the fixing plate (303) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the transport shell (301), and the fixing plate (303) is located above the carrying plate (302); A sleeve (304), wherein a plurality of sleeves (304) are provided, and the sleeves (304) are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixed plate (303), and the lower portion of the sleeve (304) is open; A sampling tube (305), wherein the sampling tube (305) is slidably sleeved inside the sleeve (304), and a sampling port (306) is provided at the bottom of the sampling tube (305); A sealing mechanism, the sealing mechanism being arranged inside the sampling tube (305) and cooperating with the sampling port (306); A suspension mechanism is provided on the surface of the body (1) to increase the buoyancy of the body (1) on the water surface. The closing mechanism includes: A support rod (401), wherein the support rod (401) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the sleeve (304); A closing rod (402), the closing rod (402) being fixedly sleeved on the surface of the support rod (401), and the closing rod (402) extending into the interior of the sampling tube (305); A closing plate (403), the closing plate (403) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the closing rod (402), the diameter of the closing plate (403) being smaller than the diameter of the sampling tube (305), and the shape of the closing plate (403) being consistent with the shape of the bottom of the inner wall of the sampling tube (305); A closing plug (404), the closing plug (404) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the closing plate (403), and the size of the closing plug (404) is consistent with the size of the sampling port (306); The suspension mechanism includes: A fixing ring (501), the fixing ring (501) being fixedly mounted on the surface of the machine body (1); An air cylinder (502), wherein the air cylinder (502) is fixedly sleeved inside the fixing ring (501); An airbag (503), the airbag (503) being mounted on the top of the air cylinder (502), and the inner cavity of the airbag (503) being in communication with the inner cavity of the air cylinder (502); A piston (504) is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the gas cylinder (502); A limiting plate (9) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bearing plate (302), and the bearing plate (302) and the limiting plate (9) are integrally formed. A waterproof shell (10) is slidingly sleeved on the surface of the limiting plate (9). A first rotating wheel (11) is rotatably mounted on the top of the waterproof shell (10). A motor (12) is fixedly mounted inside the waterproof shell (10). The output end of the motor (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating wheel (11). A first accommodating cavity (13) is opened on the surface of the first rotating wheel (11). The first accommodating cavity ( A first wedge (14) is slidably mounted inside the first accommodating cavity (13), a first spring (15) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity (13), the other end of the first spring (15) is fixedly connected to the first wedge (14), a first ratchet ring (16) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bearing plate (302), a gear (17) is fixedly mounted on the top of the first rotating wheel (11), a second ratchet ring (18) and a second rotating wheel (19) are rotatably mounted on the top of the fixing plate (303), and a tooth groove (20) is provided on the surface of the second ratchet ring (18) ), the second ratchet ring (18) is meshed with the gear (17) through the tooth groove (20), the surface of the second rotating wheel (19) is provided with a second accommodating cavity (21), a second wedge (22) is slidably installed inside the second accommodating cavity (21), a second spring (23) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second accommodating cavity (21), the other end of the second spring (23) is fixedly connected to the second wedge (22), a reciprocating screw (24) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second rotating wheel (19), the reciprocating screw (24) extends to the sleeve (3 04), and is rotatably connected to the top of the closing rod (402), a power plate (25) is slidably installed inside the sleeve (304), the power plate (25) is sleeved on the surface of the reciprocating screw (24), and is threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw (24), a follower rod (26) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the power plate (25), the follower rod (26) extends to the inside of the sampling tube (305), and a follower plate (27) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the follower rod (26), and the follower plate (27) is located above the closing plate (403).

2. The amphibious drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sleeve (304) is provided with a plug-in slot (28), the top of the follower plate (27) is fixedly installed with an opening and closing rod (29), the top wall of the sampling tube (305) is provided with an opening and closing cavity (30), the interior of the opening and closing cavity (30) is slidably installed with an opening and closing block (31), the bottom of the opening and closing block (31) is set to be in an arc shape, and the opening and closing block (31) passes through the interior of the plug-in slot (28), and the inner wall of the opening and closing cavity (30) is fixedly installed with a third spring (32) near one end of the closing rod (402), and the other end of the third spring (32) is fixedly connected to the opening and closing block (31).

3. The amphibious drone according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting ring (33) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the air cylinder (502), a fourth spring (34) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting ring (33), the other end of the fourth spring (34) is fixedly connected to the top of the piston (504), a buoyancy rod (35) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston (504), and a buoyancy plate (36) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the buoyancy rod (35).

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