A carbonized biomass-based interfacial photo-thermal evaporation coupled water and electricity cogeneration device

Abstract

The application provides a carbonized biomass-based interface photothermal evaporation coupled water and electricity cogeneration device, which comprises a device main body cavity, a thermoelectric conversion condensing unit and a heat collector supplied hot air unit, the device main body cavity comprises an evaporation water tank and a water collecting tank which are communicated at the top, the evaporation water tank is provided with a light-transmitting surface which is arranged to be inclined at the top, the water collecting tank is provided with the thermoelectric conversion condensing unit which is arranged to be inclined at the top, the higher side of the light-transmitting surface is connected with the higher side of the thermoelectric conversion condensing unit, carbonized biomass materials are arranged in the evaporation water tank, and the air outlet of the heat collector supplied hot air unit is communicated with the air inlet of the evaporation water tank and used for guiding hot air to flow into the water collecting tank. The light-transmitting surface is separated from the steam condensing surface by the separately arranged thermoelectric conversion condensing unit, the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor is fully utilized to generate electricity, the fluid disturbance in the device main body cavity is strengthened by the heat collector supplied hot air unit, the evaporation chamber temperature is increased, and the water evaporation rate and the power generation capacity are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of interfacial photothermal evaporation and cogeneration technology, specifically to an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass. Background Technology

[0002] Over the past 40 years, global water consumption has increased by approximately 1% annually. Seawater desalination is one of the most effective ways to produce fresh water. Among these methods, solar interfacial evaporation utilizes a specific structure to convert collected solar radiation energy into heat energy, which is then confined to a light-absorbing layer, allowing water to evaporate on the surface of the structure. This method can achieve high photothermal conversion efficiency even under weak solar radiation conditions and has strong application potential in various fields such as seawater desalination and wastewater treatment.

[0003] Existing interfacial photothermal evaporation technologies often overlap the light-transmitting surface with the steam condensation surface, which typically presents three disadvantages: (1) the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor is not fully utilized, limiting the improvement of solar energy utilization efficiency. (2) water mist condenses on the light-transmitting surface, resulting in severe light scattering and reducing the intensity of solar radiation. (3) to ensure timely condensation of water vapor, the temperature inside the evaporation chamber must not be too high, thus limiting the water evaporation rate of the photothermal conversion material. These disadvantages limit the widespread application of interfacial photothermal evaporation technology in the field of sustainable energy. On the other hand, photothermal materials affect light absorption and heat transfer capabilities, making the development of low-cost, high-efficiency photothermal materials crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass. By using a separately set thermoelectric conversion condensation unit to separate the light-transmitting surface from the steam condensation surface, the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor is fully utilized to generate electricity. The hot air unit supplied by the solar collector enhances the fluid disturbance in the main chamber of the device, increases the temperature of the evaporation chamber, and effectively improves the water evaporation rate and power generation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass, comprising a main chamber, a thermoelectric conversion condensation unit, and a collector-supply hot air unit. The main chamber includes an evaporation tank and a collection tank connected at the top. A light-transmitting surface is inclinedly arranged at the top of the evaporation tank, and a thermoelectric conversion condensation unit is inclinedly arranged at the top of the collection tank. The higher side of the light-transmitting surface is connected to the higher side of the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit. Carbonized biomass material is disposed in the evaporation tank. The air outlet of the collector-supply hot air unit is connected to the air inlet of the evaporation tank to guide hot air toward the collection tank.

[0006] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit is 55° to 60°. The thermoelectric conversion condensation unit includes a steam condensation surface and a thermoelectric generator. The thermoelectric generator is embedded in the steam condensation surface, which is made of plexiglass.

[0007] Furthermore, the solar collector supply hot air unit includes a solar air collector and an air duct. An air guide hole is opened on one side of the evaporation tank. The air guide hole is set higher than the carbonized biomass material. The air outlet of the solar air collector is connected to the air guide hole through the air duct.

[0008] Furthermore, the solar air collector introduces hot air at a temperature of 60℃~80℃ and a flow rate of 0.0001m / s~0.0008m / s into the evaporation tank.

[0009] Furthermore, a water guide channel is provided on the side wall of the evaporation tank, and the outlet of the water guide channel extends into the water collection tank. The water guide channel is a V-shaped or arc-shaped structure made of glass or plastic.

[0010] Furthermore, the height of the carbonized biomass material protruding above the water surface should not exceed 1 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the carbonized biomass material is carbonized corn cob, and the carbonization temperature of the carbonized corn cob is 450℃~550℃.

[0012] Furthermore, the tilt angle of the light-transmitting surface is 30° to 35°, and a light-transmitting and anti-fog film is coated on the side of the light-transmitting surface facing the evaporation tank. The material of the light-transmitting surface is quartz glass, and the material of the light-transmitting and anti-fog film is polyethylene terephthalate.

[0013] Furthermore, the main chamber of the device also includes a device shell. A partition is set in the device shell to divide the device shell into an evaporation tank and a water collection tank. A first water guide hole is set at the bottom of the evaporation tank. An external water source is connected to the evaporation tank through the first water guide hole via an inlet pipe. A second water guide hole is set at the bottom of the water collection tank. The water collection tank is connected to the condensate collection device through the second water guide hole via an outlet pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the device casing is made of plexiglass, and the outside of the casing is wrapped with an insulating film made of high-transparency PVC material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This invention provides an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass. By setting up a thermoelectric conversion condensation unit and placing the light-transmitting surface and the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit at the top of the evaporation tank and the collection tank respectively, the light-transmitting surface and the steam condensation surface are separated. The thermoelectric conversion condensation unit can generate electricity using temperature difference, converting the latent heat of vaporization during water vapor condensation into electrical energy. The hot air is supplied to the unit through a solar collector, which not only effectively increases the temperature inside the main chamber of the device and enhances airflow mixing, but also increases the temperature of the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit, thereby increasing power generation. Using carbonized biomass as the interfacial evaporation photothermal material, the highly anisotropic porous framework and good hydrophilicity of carbonized biomass not only provide good thermal management and water transport capabilities, but also good light absorption and heat conversion performance.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit of the present invention includes a steam condensation surface and a thermoelectric generator. The heat generated during the condensation process of water vapor is converted into electrical energy through the thermoelectric generator, realizing efficient energy recovery and utilization. The steam condensation surface is separated from the light-transmitting surface, avoiding the influence of condensate on the light-transmitting surface and improving condensation efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention preheats the air using a solar air collector. The introduction of hot air significantly increases the temperature inside the evaporation tank, accelerates water evaporation, and the enhanced airflow disturbance helps to distribute heat evenly within the evaporation tank, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, a light-transmitting and anti-fog film is set on the light-transmitting surface. The light-transmitting and anti-fog film effectively prevents water vapor from condensing on the light-transmitting surface, improves the light transmittance and photothermal conversion efficiency of the light-transmitting surface, and the quartz glass material light-transmitting surface has high light transmittance and corrosion resistance, ensuring the stability and reliability of long-term use.

[0020] Furthermore, in this invention, the carbonized biomass material is preferably carbonized corn cob. The desired effect can be achieved by pre-treating the corn cob and carbonizing it. The carbonized biomass material has good light absorption properties, which can efficiently absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy. Its porous structure and hydrophilicity promote the rapid evaporation of water and the effective transfer of heat energy.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer shell of the device is wrapped with an insulating film. The application of the insulating film reduces heat loss and improves the overall thermal efficiency of the interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device. In addition, the design of the water guide channel and water guide hole optimizes the water flow path, improving the stability and ease of maintenance of the system.

[0022] In summary, this invention provides an innovative interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass. By separating the light-transmitting surface from the steam condensation surface and utilizing thermoelectric power generation technology, the condensation heat of water vapor is converted into electrical energy. The added solar collector supplies hot air to the unit, enhancing temperature and airflow turbulence within the device, thereby increasing the evaporation rate and power generation. The application of carbonized biomass materials, particularly carbonized corn cobs, significantly improves overall efficiency due to their excellent thermal management, light absorption, and heat conversion performance. The anti-fogging design of the light-transmitting surface further enhances the photothermal conversion performance. This device demonstrates significant advantages in high efficiency and environmental friendliness in the field of hydropower cogeneration. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 : An overall schematic diagram of an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 (a): Comparison of evaporation rate and light absorption of corn cobs with different carbonization degrees (300-600℃); Figure 2 (b): Effect of the height of carbonized corn cob above water surface on the evaporation rate;

[0025] Figure 3 A graph showing the temperature change of various parts of a device over time under a standard solar test.

[0026] Figure 4 Voltage and current variation curves of thermoelectric generators over time during outdoor environmental testing;

[0027] Figure 5 The static temperature contour plot of the steam phase change flow after stabilization in the simplified model of the apparatus in Fluent simulation Example 1. Figure 5 (a) is an isometric view of the device. Figure 5 (b) is an isometric perspective view of the device;

[0028] Figure 6 The volume fraction cloud diagram of liquid water after the vapor phase change flow stabilizes in the simplified model of the device in Fluent simulation Example 1. Figure 6 (a) is an isometric view of the device. Figure 6 (b) is an isometric perspective view of the device;

[0029] Figure 7 The static temperature contour plot of the device after the steam phase change flow stabilizes in the simplified model of the apparatus in Fluent simulation example 2. Figure 7 (a) is an isometric view of the device. Figure 7 (b) is an isometric perspective view of the device;

[0030] Figure 8The image shows the volume fraction of liquid water after the vapor phase change flow stabilizes within the simplified model of the apparatus in Fluent simulation example 2. Figure 8 (a) is an isometric view of the device. Figure 8 (b) is an isometric perspective view of the device;

[0031] Figure 9 Curves showing the variation of various characteristic parameters of a solar air collector with inlet air velocity when the inlet air temperature is 50℃.

[0032] in Figure 9 (a) is a graph showing the variation of the average temperature of the steam condensation surface with the inlet velocity. Figure 9 (b) is a graph showing the variation of the maximum temperature and maximum liquid water volume fraction in the chamber with inlet velocity;

[0033] Figure 10 The graph shows the variation of various characteristic parameters of a solar air collector with inlet airflow temperature when the inlet airflow velocity is 0.0001 m / s. Figure 10 (a) is a graph showing the variation of the average temperature of the steam condensation surface with the inlet temperature. Figure 10 (b) is a graph showing the changes in the maximum temperature and maximum liquid water volume fraction in the chamber with the inlet temperature.

[0034] In the attached diagram, 1 is the device casing, 2 is the partition plate, 3 is the water inlet pipe, 4 is the carbonized biomass material, 5 is the light-transmitting surface, 6 is the steam condensing surface, 7 is the thermoelectric generator, 8 is the solar air collector, 9 is the air inlet pipe, 10 is the water guide trough, and 11 is the water outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, this invention provides an interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass, including a main chamber, a thermoelectric conversion condensation unit, and a collector-supply hot air unit. The main chamber includes a shell 1, a partition 2, a water inlet pipe 3, carbonized biomass material 4, and a light-transmitting surface 5. The partition 2 is disposed within the shell 1, dividing it into an evaporation tank and a collection tank. An inclined light-transmitting surface 5 with an inclination angle of 30°–35° is provided at the top of the evaporation tank, and an inclined thermoelectric conversion condensation unit with an inclination angle of 55°–60° is provided at the top of the collection tank. The higher side of the light-transmitting surface 5 is connected to the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit. The condenser unit is connected to the higher side, and the thermoelectric conversion condenser unit is used to realize water vapor condensation and thermoelectric power generation. The carbonized biomass material 4 is closely arranged in the evaporation tank and can float on the water surface. An inclined water guide trough 10 with an inclination angle of about 40° is provided on the side wall of the device shell 1 on one side of the evaporation tank. The outlet of the water guide trough 10 extends into the water collection tank through the partition 2. A first water guide hole is provided at the bottom of the evaporation tank. The external water source is connected to the evaporation tank through the water inlet pipe 3 and the first water guide hole. A second water guide hole is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank. The water collection tank is connected to the condensate collection device through the second water guide hole and the water outlet pipe 11.

[0037] The thermoelectric conversion condensation unit includes a steam condensation surface 6 and a thermoelectric generator 7. The thermoelectric generator 7 is embedded in the steam condensation surface 6. The thermoelectric generator 7 is model TEG-199345 and is assembled using high-strength bismuth telluride thermoelectric material, high thermal conductivity and high insulation DBC (direct bonded copper) ceramic and high-temperature solder.

[0038] The solar collector supply hot air unit includes a solar air collector 8 and an air duct 9. An air guide hole is opened on one side of the evaporation tank of the device shell 1. The air guide hole is set higher than the carbonized biomass material 4. The air outlet of the solar air collector 8 is connected to the air guide hole through the air duct 9 to introduce hot air with a temperature of 60℃~80℃ and a flow rate of about 0.0001m / s~0.0008m / s into the main chamber of the device.

[0039] Preferably, the device housing 1 has two air ducts on one side of the evaporation tank;

[0040] Preferably, the outer side of the device housing 1 is wrapped with a heat-insulating film, and the inner side of the light-transmitting surface 5 is coated with a light-transmitting and anti-fog film.

[0041] Preferably, the device housing 1 and the steam condensation surface 6 are made of plexiglass, the light-transmitting surface 5 is made of quartz glass, the insulation film is made of high-transmittance PVC material, and the light-transmitting and anti-fog film is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0042] Preferably, the carbonized biomass material 4 is carbonized corn cob, the carbonization temperature is controlled within the range of 450℃~550℃, and the height exposed above the water surface should not exceed 1cm.

[0043] Preferably, the water guide channel 10 is a V-shaped or arc-shaped structure made of glass or plastic.

[0044] In the interface photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device of the present invention, when brine enters the evaporation tank through the inlet pipe 3 of the main chamber of the device, it is rapidly evaporated by the carbonized biomass material 4 floating on the water. The generated water vapor moves upward under the action of buoyancy. Some of the water vapor condenses on the light-transmitting surface 5 and is collected in the water collection tank through the water guide trough 10. Further, due to the air pressure difference between the evaporation tank and the water collection tank on the left and right sides of the partition 2, some water vapor moves towards the water collection tank and condenses into fresh water on the steam condensation surface 6 of the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit. After condensation, it drips down the slope into the water collection tank and is discharged from the water collection tank through the outlet pipe 11. The hot air generated by the solar air collector 8 of the hot air collector unit enters the main chamber of the device through the air passage 9. After mixing with the steam, it strengthens the airflow disturbance, increases the temperature in the chamber and the power generation of the thermoelectric generator 7.

[0045] In summary, this device separates the light-transmitting surface 5 from the steam condensation surface 6, making full use of the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor to generate electricity. Furthermore, it utilizes the solar air collector 8 to enhance fluid disturbance within the chamber and simultaneously increase the temperature of the evaporation chamber, effectively improving the water evaporation rate and power generation. This invention has broad application prospects in the fields of seawater desalination and wastewater treatment, providing a new approach to improving the solar energy utilization efficiency of interfacial photothermal evaporation.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, after the brine enters the evaporation tank through the inlet pipe 3, it evaporates rapidly through the carbonized biomass material 4 floating on the water. The generated water vapor moves upward under the action of buoyancy, and then moves to the right due to the pressure difference between the left and right cavities of the partition 2. It condenses into fresh water on the steam condensation surface 6 and drips down the slope. At the same time, it merges with some of the fresh water that condenses on the light-transmitting surface 5 and is collected through the water guide trough 10, and then is discharged through the outlet pipe 11.

[0048] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the condensation of steam on the light-transmitting surface 5 without affecting the illumination, a light-transmitting and anti-fog film is coated on the light-transmitting surface 5. This prevents water vapor from forming mist on the surface while minimizing the impact on the planar light transmission performance, allowing the carbonized biomass material 4 to utilize solar energy more effectively. Similarly, to reduce heat exchange between the device and the external environment, a heat-insulating film is wrapped around the outside of the device casing 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, carbonized biomass material 4 is taken as carbonized corn cob as an example. The effects of the degree of carbonization and the height of the carbonized corn cob above the water surface on the evaporation rate are tested. The test results are as follows: Figure 2As shown, the results indicate that when the carbonization temperature is 500℃ and the height above the water surface is 1cm, the evaporation rate of carbonized corn cobs can reach 1.91kg / (m²). 2 ·h).

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the device was tested under a standard solar intensity. After the evaporation and condensation processes stabilized, the hot surface temperature of the thermoelectric generator was approximately 28.4°C, while the cold surface temperature (i.e., the ambient temperature) remained around 21.9°C. A temperature difference of 6.5°C was achieved, enabling power generation. Simultaneously, the collected condensate volume was 26.9 L / (m³). 2 ·day).

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the device was tested in an outdoor environment, and the daily water production per unit area was 22.5 L / (m²). 2 (day). The average current of the thermoelectric generator was 3.81mA and the average voltage was 52.75mV between 2 PM and 3 PM. The calculated power per unit area of ​​the thermoelectric generator was 31.39W / m². 2 .

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, this invention uses Ansys Fluent to perform multiphase flow transient simulation on a simplified model of the device in Example 1 to obtain a static temperature cloud map and observe the internal heat transfer and temperature distribution. The inlet is selected as the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4, and the outlet is the water outlet pipe 11. The inlet steam velocity is set to 0.0001 m / s, the inlet temperature to 50°C, the outlet pressure to one atmosphere, and the outlet temperature to be the same as the ambient temperature (20.0°C). The temperature of the light-transmitting surface 5 is 50.0°C. After the steam leaves the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 for a period of time, the evaporation and condensation process in the main chamber of the device reaches a stable state. At this time, the highest temperature reaches 55.0°C, and the lowest temperature is the same as the outlet temperature (20.0°C). The average temperature of the steam condensation surface 6 is around 39.5°C, and the temperature difference between the hot and cold surfaces of the thermoelectric generator 7 is approximately 19.5°C. The thermoelectric conversion at the steam condensation surface 6 is relatively strong. Due to the continuous heat flux of the light-transmitting surface 5, the high temperature of the inlet steam on the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4, and the temperature difference with the wall, the high-temperature zone is concentrated in the area that diffuses from the incident surface to the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 and one side of the water collection tank, while the low-temperature zone is distributed near the right wall of the outlet. The temperature is distributed in a concentric gradient, which is consistent with the experimental results.

[0053] like Figure 6As shown, this invention uses Ansys Fluent to perform multiphase flow transient simulation on a simplified model of the device in Example 1 to obtain a liquid water volume fraction cloud map and observe the internal steam flow and phase change. The multiphase flow (VOF) model used in this invention's simulation sets three phases: air as the primary phase, and liquid water and water vapor as secondary phases. Therefore, the liquid water volume fraction refers to the volume fraction of liquid water among these three phases. After the steam leaves the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 for a period of time, the evaporation and condensation process in the main chamber of the device reaches a stable state, at which point the maximum liquid water volume fraction is 9.58 × 10⁻⁶. -5 The minimum liquid water volume fraction is 0, located at the steam inlet. Due to the large temperature difference between the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 and the surrounding walls, most of the steam enters the main chamber of the device and condenses into liquid water on the left wall of the evaporation tank, flowing down the wall to the bottom. The remaining steam crosses the partition 2, condenses on the right side, flows down the wall into the water collection tank, and exits through the outlet. Therefore, the peak area of ​​liquid water volume fraction is distributed around the carbonized biomass material 4, and the sub-peak area is distributed in the area of ​​the water collection tank except for the outlet, which is consistent with the steam condensation situation in the experiment.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] The parts that are the same as those in Example 1 will not be repeated here. The differences are as follows:

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the hot air generated by the solar air collector 8 enters the device casing 1 through the air duct 9, mixes with steam, and enhances the airflow disturbance, while increasing the temperature inside the chamber and the power generation of the thermoelectric generator.

[0057] like Figure 7As shown, this invention uses Ansys Fluent to perform multiphase flow transient simulation on a simplified model of the device in Example 2 to obtain a static temperature cloud map and observe the internal heat transfer and temperature distribution. To simulate the effect of the solar air collector 8 on the device, two air inlets are added to the side wall. The airflow velocity and temperature values ​​at the side wall inlets are set. Here, the airflow velocity is 0.0001 m / s and the airflow temperature is 80.0℃ as an example. The other boundary conditions are set the same as those in the simulation of the device in Example 1. After the steam leaves the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 for a period of time, the evaporation and condensation process in the main chamber of the device has reached a stable state. At this time, the highest temperature reaches 80.0℃, which is 25.0℃ higher than that in Example 1. The lowest temperature remains at 20.0℃, and the temperature of the steam condensation surface 6 rises to about 44.0℃. Since the ambient temperature remains unchanged at 20.0℃, the temperature difference between the hot and cold surfaces of the thermoelectric generator 7 is about 24.0℃, which is 4.5℃ higher than that in Example 1. The thermoelectric conversion of the thermoelectric generator 7 is significantly improved. Due to the influence of the newly added inlet hot air, the high-temperature zone shifts to the vicinity of the installation area of ​​the side-wall solar air collector 8 and shows a tendency to diffuse horizontally towards the front and rear walls. The distribution pattern of the low-temperature zone is similar to that in Example 1. Simulation results verify the feasibility of the solar air collector 8 in increasing the internal temperature and the power generation of the thermoelectric generator.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, this invention uses Ansys Fluent to perform multiphase flow transient simulation on a simplified model of the device in Example 2 to obtain a liquid water volume fraction cloud map, observing the internal vapor flow and phase change. Parameter settings and Figure 6 The same applies in the middle. After the steam leaves the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 for a period of time, the evaporation and condensation process in the main chamber of the device has reached a stable state, at which point the maximum liquid water volume fraction increases to 1.01 × 10⁻⁶. -4 Compared to Example 1, this represents a 5.4% improvement, while the minimum liquid water volume fraction remains 0, located at the steam and hot air inlet, consistent with reality. Because hot air from the solar air collector 8 continuously enters through the air duct 9, the airflow mixing in the upper part of the main chamber of the device is enhanced. Figure 7 The displayed temperature distribution shows a temperature difference between the left wall and the steam condensation surface 6. Therefore, more steam reaches the steam condensation surface 6 or condenses into liquid water after passing through the baffle 2 and flows down the wall to the bottom. At this time, although the peak liquid water volume fraction area is still distributed around the carbonized biomass material 4, the sub-peak area extends from the area of ​​the water collection tank excluding the outlet to the area between the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 and the steam condensation surface 6. The simulation results verify the effect of the solar air collector 8 in enhancing airflow mixing and improving condensate production.

[0059] The key parameters of the solar air collector 8 are the inlet airflow velocity and temperature, and their relationship with the vapor velocity and temperature on the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 has a significant impact on the collector's performance. This invention uses Ansys Fluent to control the inlet airflow velocity and temperature of the solar air collector 8 separately, taking values ​​at both ends with the vapor velocity and temperature on the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 as references, to simulate the vapor flow under different operating conditions. Figure 9 As shown, the inlet airflow temperature of the solar air collector 8 and the inlet steam temperature on the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 are kept at 50.0℃. The inlet airflow velocity is varied within the range of 0–0.0012 m / s. The results show that when the inlet airflow velocity increases, the mixing intensity of the airflow in the main chamber of the device increases, the heat transfer efficiency improves, and more steam reaches the steam condensation surface 6 for condensation, which is beneficial for interfacial evaporation. Simultaneously, the hot surface temperature rises, which is beneficial for thermoelectric power generation. However, it reaches an extreme value near 0.0005 m / s. When the inlet velocity is too high, the air quickly carries the steam out of the main chamber of the device from the outlet, which is not conducive to water vapor condensation and collection, and also increases heat loss. In summary, the inlet airflow velocity of the solar air collector 8 needs to be matched with the evaporation rate of the carbonized biomass, and the effect is better within the range of 0.0001 m / s–0.0008 m / s.

[0060] like Figure 10 As shown, the inlet airflow velocity of the solar air collector 8 was kept consistent with the inlet steam velocity on the surface of the carbonized biomass material 4 at 0.0001 m / s. The inlet airflow temperature was varied within the range of 35.0℃ to 80.0℃, and the changes in various parameters with temperature were observed. The average temperature of the steam condensation surface 6 increased with the increase of the inlet airflow temperature, and the temperature difference between the hot and cold surfaces of the thermoelectric generator 7 also increased, resulting in increased power generation. When the inlet temperature increased, the air carried more heat into the main chamber of the device, thus increasing the average temperature of the steam condensation surface 6. The highest temperature and the maximum liquid water volume fraction within the main chamber of the device also increased with the increase of the inlet airflow temperature. In summary, the solar air collector 8 performed best within the inlet airflow temperature range of 50.0℃ to 80.0℃.

Claims

1. A cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass with interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled with hydropower, characterized in that, The device includes a main chamber, a thermoelectric conversion condensation unit, and a collector supply hot air unit. The main chamber includes an evaporation tank and a collection tank connected at the top. Carbonized biomass material (4) is installed in the evaporation tank. The carbonized biomass material (4) serves as an interfacial evaporation photothermal material. A light-transmitting surface (5) is inclined at the top of the evaporation tank. A thermoelectric conversion condensation unit is inclined at the top of the collection tank to simultaneously realize thermoelectric power generation and water vapor condensation. The higher side of the light-transmitting surface (5) is connected to the higher side of the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit. The air outlet of the collector supply hot air unit is connected to the air inlet of the evaporation tank to introduce hot air toward the collection tank. The tilt angle of the thermoelectric conversion condensation unit is 55°~60°. The thermoelectric conversion condensation unit includes a steam condensation surface (6) and a thermoelectric generator (7). The thermoelectric generator (7) is embedded in the steam condensation surface (6). The steam condensation surface (6) is made of plexiglass. The solar collector supply hot air unit includes a solar air collector (8) and an air passage (9). An air guide hole is opened on one side of the evaporation tank. The air guide hole is set higher than the carbonized biomass material (4). The air outlet of the solar air collector (8) is connected to the air guide hole through the air passage (9). The solar air collector (8) introduces hot air at a temperature of 60℃~80℃ and a flow rate of 0.0001m / s~0.0008m / s into the evaporation tank; The height of carbonized biomass material (4) above the water surface shall not exceed 1 cm; The carbonized biomass material (4) is carbonized corn cob, and the carbonization temperature of the carbonized corn cob is 450℃~550℃; The tilt angle of the light-transmitting surface (5) is 30°~35°. The side of the light-transmitting surface (5) facing the evaporation tank is coated with a light-transmitting anti-fog film. The material of the light-transmitting surface (5) is quartz glass, and the material of the light-transmitting anti-fog film is polyethylene terephthalate.

2. The interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water guide trough (10) is provided on the side wall of the evaporation tank. The outlet of the water guide trough (10) extends into the water collection tank. The water guide trough (10) is a V-shaped or arc-shaped structure made of glass or plastic.

3. The interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main chamber of the device also includes the device shell (1). A partition (2) is set in the device shell (1) to divide the device shell (1) into an evaporation tank and a water collection tank. A first water guide hole is set at the bottom of the evaporation tank. An external water source is connected to the evaporation tank through the inlet pipe (3) via the first water guide hole. A second water guide hole is set at the bottom of the water collection tank. The water collection tank is connected to the condensate collection device through the outlet pipe (11) via the second water guide hole.

4. The interfacial photothermal evaporation coupled hydropower cogeneration device based on carbonized biomass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The device housing (1) is made of plexiglass, and the outer side of the device housing (1) is wrapped with a heat-insulating film made of high-permeability PVC material.

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