A beneficiation device and method for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, and discloses a low-cost and high-efficiency activation ore dressing method for sphalerite, which comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and reducing the copper tailings pulp sample to obtain the feed for the flotation operation; (2) pouring the feed obtained in step (1) into a flotation machine, and then adding dilute sulfuric acid for acidification pretreatment, controlling the pH value to be 4.0 - 5.0; (3) adding copper sulfate to the pulp in step (2) for activation; (4) adding lime to the pulp in step (3) for pulp conditioning, controlling the pH value to be 11.0 - 12.0; (5) adding a collector to the pulp in step (4) for flotation treatment to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings. The present invention is used to solve the problems of high activation cost of sphalerite in the copper tailings of the existing copper-zinc separation process and poor flotation effect of zinc-sulfur separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, and particularly relates to an ore dressing device and method for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite. Background Art

[0002] Copper-zinc polymetallic ores are mainly composed of chalcopyrite and pyrite, and they often occur together with sphalerite in zinc sulfide ores. Under acidic conditions, the floatability of sphalerite is relatively prominent, but under alkaline conditions, the floatability will decrease. In the modern industrial system, people's application of mineral flotation separation technology has gradually deepened, but there is still relatively little research on the copper suppression and zinc flotation aspect. This is because in mineral flotation separation, chalcopyrite often has higher floatability compared to sphalerite. The traditional copper-zinc separation method uses "zinc sulfate + sodium sulfite" for "zinc suppression and copper flotation", and then the zinc separation operation is carried out on the copper tailings. The suppressed sphalerite needs to add a certain amount of activator to activate sphalerite during the subsequent zinc separation operation, and copper sulfate is the most commonly used sphalerite activator in the mining industry practice. In production practice, although copper sulfate is widely used as an activator for sphalerite in the market, there are also deficiencies in the activation of sphalerite by copper sulfate, mainly including the following three points:

[0003] 1. High cost. Copper sulfate is the main reagent for zinc separation, and the reagent cost is relatively high. Data analysis over the years shows that the cost of copper sulfate accounts for about 41.29% of the total reagent cost of ore dressing.

[0004] 2. Large consumption of lime. The activation of copper sulfate needs to be carried out in a highly alkaline environment, which will inevitably increase the consumption of lime in production. Lime inhibits marmatite with poor floatability, which is not conducive to the recovery of marmatite. Moreover, the large amount of lime used easily causes pipeline scaling and blockage, shortening the service life of the pipeline.

[0005] 3. When copper sulfate activates sphalerite, it will also activate pyrrhotite, which is difficult to float, making pyrrhotite more likely to enter the zinc concentrate, increasing the iron content in the zinc concentrate and affecting the quality of the zinc concentrate.

[0006] In addition, if the operation site is in a cold area in winter, the activation effect of copper sulfate will weaken in a low-temperature environment, resulting in an increase in its dosage and also increasing the production cost.

[0007] The Chinese invention patent with the application number CN201410309482.9, published on January 25, 2017, discloses a method for flotation separation of refractory high-sulfur copper-zinc sulfide ores without inhibitors. This method adjusts the pulp potential to change the floatability of copper and zinc minerals, thereby achieving inhibitor-free copper-zinc flotation separation. However, it still needs to directly use copper sulfate to activate sphalerite and still has the above problems. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new copper-zinc separation process to replace the existing process. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a beneficiation device and method for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite, so as to solve the problems of high cost and poor beneficiation effect existing in the existing flotation process in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A beneficiation method for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) Mix and reduce the sample of copper tailings slurry to obtain the feed for the flotation operation.

[0012] (2) Pour the feed obtained in step (1) into a flotation machine, then add dilute sulfuric acid for acidification pretreatment, and control the pH value to be 4.0 - 5.0.

[0013] (3) Add copper sulfate to the pulp in step (2) for activation.

[0014] (4) Add lime to the pulp in step (3) for pulp conditioning, and control the pH value to be 11.0 - 12.0.

[0015] (5) Add a collector to the pulp in step (4) for flotation treatment to obtain zinc rough concentrate and zinc rough tailings.

[0016] Furthermore, it further includes the following step: subject the zinc rough concentrate obtained in step (5) to re-flotation, that is, repeat steps (2) to (5) to obtain zinc concentrate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The activation effect of sphalerite is improved, and while the quality of zinc concentrate is improved, the recovery effect of zinc metal is also enhanced.

[0019] 2. The entrainment of copper metal in zinc concentrate is reduced, which is beneficial to the subsequent recovery of copper metal by re-selecting copper from zinc tailings.

[0020] 3. Through acidification pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid, the dosage of copper sulfate is reduced, the beneficiation reagent cost is lowered, and the beneficiation effect is improved.

[0021] 4. Through multiple flotation, zinc concentrate with higher purity can be obtained, greatly improving the beneficiation effect.

[0022] A beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite, comprising a frame, on which a flotation cell is provided. The flotation cell is provided with a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and an annular overflow outlet. An underflow tank for receiving foam is arranged outside the overflow outlet. A first rotating shaft is arranged in the flotation cell, and scraping blades are circumferentially arranged on the first rotating shaft. A first power member for driving the first rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the flotation cell. A first cavity is arranged in the first rotating shaft, and a first through hole communicating with the first cavity is arranged on the first rotating shaft. A first annular pipe communicating with the first cavity is rotatably sleeved on the first rotating shaft. A reagent tank is arranged on the frame, and a first conduit is communicated between the reagent tank and the annular pipe. A second rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the flotation cell, and a second power member for driving the second rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the flotation cell. A cam is sleeved on the second rotating shaft, and stirring blades are arranged on the second rotating shaft. The stirring blades are arranged along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft. A moving plate for abutting against the cam is slidably connected in the flotation cell, and an elastic member is connected between the moving plate and the flotation cell.

[0023] Principle of the present invention: The frame serves as the basic skeleton of the entire device, playing a role in supporting and stabilizing. During flotation, pulp is added into the flotation cell through the feed inlet. The required reagents are stored in the reagent tank, and the required reagents are added into the flotation cell through the first conduit, the first annular pipe, the first cavity and the first through hole. The second rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the second power member, and the second rotating shaft drives the cam and the stirring blades to rotate. When the stirring blades rotate, the pulp and the reagents are stirred to make them fully contact, forming mineralized foam, and the target minerals are floated out. The formed foam continuously floats upward to the liquid surface. As the cam rotates, the cam will intermittently abut against the moving plate. The moving plate slides reciprocally under the action of the elastic member and the cam. When the cam moves away from the moving plate, the moving plate slides upward under the action of the elastic member, providing an upward driving force for the minerals falling on it, making the minerals move upward close to the stirring blades, and then being stirred by the stirring blades, enabling more target minerals to fully contact with the reagents, being fully mineralized and forming foam, avoiding the target minerals from sinking with the impurity minerals and accumulating. The first rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the first power member, and the first rotating shaft drives the scraping blades to rotate. The formed foam is scraped to the overflow outlet by the scraping blades, so that the target minerals flow out of the overflow outlet along with the foam and are finally collected through the underflow tank.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. An annular overflow outlet is provided to increase the area of the overflow outlet. During the process of scraping foam by the scraping blades, the mineralized foam formed on the surface of the pulp can smoothly and quickly flow out through the overflow outlet and enter the underflow tank, avoiding excessive accumulation of foam in the flotation cell and improving the flotation efficiency; since some non-target minerals may float up due to the buoyancy of the foam and be mixed in the mineralized foam layer, during the process of scraping foam by the rotating scraping blades, the mineralized foam is driven to rotate slowly, playing a role of secondary stirring, which can make the non-target minerals sink and improve the flotation effect.

[0026] 2. A first rotating shaft is provided. It can not only drive the scraping blade to scrape the foam through the first rotating shaft, improving the efficiency and effect of flotation, but also add the reagent through the first cavity and the first through hole on the first rotating shaft, enabling the reagent to enter from above the pulp, enter the pulp under the action of its own gravity, and fully contact with the pulp, making the mineralization more uniform and achieving a better flotation effect.

[0027] 3. A second rotating shaft is provided. The second rotating shaft drives the stirring blades to rotate to stir the pulp, enabling the pulp to fully contact with the reagent, fully mineralizing the target minerals and forming mineralized foam, improving the flotation effect. At the same time, the second rotating shaft drives the cam to rotate. The cam intermittently pushes against the moving plate, causing the moving plate to slide reciprocally under the action of the cam and the elastic member. The moving plate pushes the minerals that may accumulate on it upward, enabling them to fully contact with the reagent to form mineralized foam and float to the liquid surface, effectively improving the flotation effect. In addition, when the cam rotates, it can also stir the pulp, further enabling the target minerals to fully contact with the reagent to form mineralized foam, improving the efficiency and effect of flotation.

[0028] Furthermore, a second cavity is formed between the moving plate and the flotation cell. A first one-way valve for unidirectionally introducing air into the second cavity is provided on the flotation cell. A third cavity is provided on the second rotating shaft. A fourth cavity communicating with the third cavity is provided on the cam. A first fine hole communicating with the fourth cavity is provided on the cam. A second annular pipe communicating with the third cavity is provided on the flotation cell. A second conduit communicating the second annular pipe with the second cavity is provided. A second one-way valve for unidirectionally conducting from the second cavity to the second annular pipe is provided on the second conduit.

[0029] During the reciprocating movement of the moving plate under the action of the cam and the elastic member, the air pressure in the second cavity will change. When the cam abuts against the moving plate, it pushes the moving plate towards the bottom of the flotation cell, the second cavity becomes smaller, and the air inside it will flow into the pulp through the second conduit, the second annular pipe, the third cavity, the fourth cavity, and the first fine hole, enabling the pulp to fully contact with the reagent to form mineralized foam, achieving a better flotation effect. When the cam rotates away from the moving plate, the moving plate will reset under the action of the elastic member, the second cavity becomes larger. Due to the setting of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, external air will enter the second cavity through the first one-way valve, playing a role in air replenishment to prepare for blowing air into the pulp next time. By driving the moving plate through the cam, not only can the sinking minerals move upward to fully contact with the reagent, but also air can be intermittently blown into the pulp, enabling the target minerals in the pulp to fully contact with the reagent to form mineralized foam, improving the flotation effect.

[0030] Furthermore, the first fine holes are provided on the convex part of the cam. When the cam abuts against the moving plate, the air in the second cavity will flow towards the pulp through the first fine holes. With such an arrangement, since the density of air is less than that of the pulp, the first fine holes are arranged close to the moving plate, so that the travel of the air entering the pulp in the flotation cell is lengthened, promoting the full contact between the target minerals and the reagent and improving the flotation effect. In addition, the air flowing out through the first fine holes can also blow towards the moving plate, causing the minerals thereon to move under force, so that the target minerals and the reagent are in full contact, avoiding accumulation and affecting the flotation yield, and further improving the flotation effect and yield.

[0031] Furthermore, a third conduit is connected between the first annular pipe and the second cavity, and a third one-way valve that conducts unidirectionally from the second cavity to the first annular pipe is provided on the third conduit. Second fine holes communicating with the first cavity are circumferentially provided on the first rotating shaft, and the diameter of the third conduit is smaller than that of the second conduit.

[0032] The air in the second cavity intermittently enters the first cavity through the third conduit and the first annular pipe, and then flows out through the second fine holes. Since the second fine holes are circumferentially provided on the first rotating shaft, the air flowing out will blow towards the mineralized foam, acting as a power to push the mineralized foam towards the overflow port, promoting the discharge of the mineralized foam and improving the flotation efficiency. The diameter of the third conduit is smaller than that of the second conduit in order to reduce the air flow rate entering the first cavity, avoid the air flow out through the second fine holes being too large and damaging the formed mineralized foam, so that most of the air in the second cavity flows towards the pulp through the first fine holes, promoting the full contact between the target minerals and the reagent and improving the flotation effect, and enabling a small part of the air in the second cavity to blow towards the mineralized foam through the second fine holes to assist in the discharge of the mineralized foam and improve the flotation efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, the stirring blades are arranged in a spiral shape, and the spirals of the stirring blades on both sides of the cam are in opposite directions. The stirring blades arranged in a spiral shape can achieve a better stirring effect, and the stirring blades arranged in opposite directions on both sides of the cam can make the stirring more sufficient, enabling the pulp and the reagent to be in full contact and achieving a better flotation effect.

[0034] Furthermore, the upper edge of the scraping blade is arranged in an arc shape, the number of scraping blades is at least three, the scraping blades are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the first rotating shaft, and second fine holes are distributed on the first rotating shaft between adjacent two scraping blades.

[0035] The first rotating shaft drives the scraping blade to rotate. During the process, the scraping blade scrapes the formed foam to the overflow port. The arrangement of multiple scraping blades can promote the discharge of foam and improve the flotation efficiency. The upper edge of the scraping blade is arc-shaped, which can block the foam and prevent the foam from entering the area of the subsequent scraping blade for repeated scraping, thus achieving the effect of promoting the discharge of foam. The second fine holes are arranged between adjacent scraping blades. When the scraping blade scrapes the foam, air flows out through the second fine holes and blows towards the foam. Under the dual action of the scraping blade and the air flow, the foam is quickly discharged through the overflow port, improving the flotation efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, the moving plate is inclined towards the discharge port, and an elastic sheet is connected between the moving plate and the flotation cell. The inclined moving plate can enable the remaining minerals to be smoothly discharged through the discharge port after flotation, avoiding accumulation on the moving plate. The elastic sheet is provided. On the one hand, during the movement of the moving plate, through its elastic property, it can increase the movement amplitude and frequency of the moving plate, enabling the minerals on it to move accordingly and fully contact with the reagent, improving the flotation effect. On the other hand, it can increase the sealing performance of the second cavity and ensure the quality and effect of flotation in long-term use.

[0037] Furthermore, a baffle is provided on the upper edge of the material receiving tank. The baffle plays a role in blocking the foam, avoiding losses caused by the foam flowing out of the material receiving tank when a large amount of foam is discharged from the overflow port at one time, thus effectively improving the flotation yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main view partial cross-sectional structure of a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view cross-section of the flotation cell and the overflow port in a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main view partial cross-sectional structure of a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view at A;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view partial cross-section of the first rotating shaft and the second fine holes in a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main view partial cross-sectional structure of a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite in Embodiment 2 of the present invention (when the cam abuts against the moving plate);

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main view partial sectional structure of a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite in the third embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation manners:

[0046] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: flotation cell 1, feed inlet 2, discharge outlet 3, overflow outlet 4, first valve 5, receiving trough 6, baffle 7, discharge pipe 8, second valve 9, first rotating shaft 10, first motor 11, scraping blade 12, first cavity 13, first through hole 14, first annular pipe 15, connecting rod 16, reagent tank 17, first conduit 18, third valve 19, second rotating shaft 20, second motor 21, cam 22, stirring blade 23, moving plate 24, elastic member 25, elastic sheet 26, second cavity 27, third cavity 28, fourth cavity 29, first fine hole 30, second annular pipe 31, second conduit 32, second one-way valve 33, third conduit 34, third one-way valve 35, second fine hole 36, hydraulic cylinder 37, carrier plate 38.

[0047] Embodiment 1 is basically as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown:

[0048] A beneficiation method for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite requires the use of a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite. The device includes a frame, on which a flotation cell 1 is fixedly connected by bolts. The flotation cell 1 is provided with a feed inlet 2, a discharge outlet 3 and an annular overflow outlet 4. A first valve 5 is installed at the discharge outlet 3. A material receiving tank 6 for receiving foam is fixedly connected to the flotation cell 1 outside the overflow outlet 4. An inclined baffle 7 is integrally formed on the upper edge of the material receiving tank 6. A discharge pipe 8 is communicated with the bottom of the material receiving tank 6, and a second valve 9 is installed on the discharge pipe 8. A first rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected in the flotation cell 1, and a first motor 11 for driving the first rotating shaft 10 to rotate is fixedly connected to the flotation cell 1 by bolts. At least three scraping blades 12 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the first rotating shaft 10, and the upper edge of the scraping blade 12 is arc-shaped. A first cavity 13 is arranged in the first rotating shaft 10, a first through hole 14 communicated with the first cavity 13 is arranged at the lower end of the first rotating shaft 10, a first annular pipe 15 communicated with the first cavity 13 is rotatably sleeved on the first rotating shaft 10, and a connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected between the first annular pipe 15 and the flotation cell 1. A reagent tank 17 is fixedly connected to the frame by bolts, and the number of the reagent tanks 17 can be set to be multiple, and each reagent tank 17 stores different reagents. A first conduit 18 is communicated between the reagent tank 17 and the annular pipe, and a third valve 19 is installed on the first conduit 18. A second rotating shaft 20 is rotatably connected in the flotation cell 1, and a second motor 21 for driving the second rotating shaft 20 to rotate is fixedly connected to the flotation cell 1 by bolts. A cam 22 is sleeved in the middle of the second rotating shaft 20, stirring blades 23 are arranged on the second rotating shaft 20, the stirring blades 23 are arranged along the axial direction of the second rotating shaft 20, and the stirring blades 23 are spiral, and the spiral directions of the stirring blades 23 on both sides of the cam 22 are opposite. A moving plate 24 for abutting against the cam 22 is slidably connected in the flotation cell 1, and an elastic member 25 is connected between the moving plate 24 and the flotation cell 1. In this embodiment, the elastic member 25 is a spring. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) Mix and reduce the copper tailings pulp sample, and control the concentration at about 30% to obtain the feed for the flotation operation.

[0050] (2) Acidification treatment: Add the feed obtained in step (1) into the flotation cell 1 through the feed inlet 2. Then open the third valve 19 to connect the reagent tank 17 containing dilute sulfuric acid with the first conduit 18. The dilute sulfuric acid flows into the pulp through the first conduit 18, the first annular pipe 15, the first cavity 13 and the first through hole 14. At the same time, start the second motor 21. The second motor 21 will drive the second rotating shaft 20 to rotate, and the second rotating shaft 20 will drive the stirring blades 23 and the cam 22 to rotate. Stir the pulp through the stirring blades 23 to fully mix the added dilute sulfuric acid, control the pH value to be 4.0 - 5.0, and close the second valve 9.

[0051] (3) Activation treatment: Open the third valve 19 again to connect the reagent tank 17 filled with copper sulfate to the first conduit 18. The copper sulfate flows into the pulp in step (2) through the first conduit 18, the first annular pipe 15, the first cavity 13, and the first through-hole 14, and is stirred by the stirring blades 23 to perform activation treatment on the pulp.

[0052] (4) Slurry conditioning treatment: Add lime to the pulp in step (3) through the feed port 2, and stir it with the stirring blades 23 to fully mix the added lime into the pulp, and control the pH value to be 11.0 - 12.0.

[0053] (5) Flotation treatment: Open the third valve 19 again to connect the reagent tank 17 filled with the collector to the first conduit 18. The collector flows into the pulp in step (4) through the first conduit 18, the first annular pipe 15, the first cavity 13, and the first through-hole 14. Stir it with the stirring blades 23 to fully mix the collector with the pulp, so that the target minerals can fully contact the collector to form mineralized foam. Due to the buoyancy effect, the foam will continuously float upward to the liquid surface.

[0054] Then start the first motor 11. The first motor 11 will drive the first rotating shaft 10 to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 10 will drive the scraping blade 12 to rotate. The formed foam is scraped to the overflow port 4 by the scraping blade 12, so that the target minerals flow out of the overflow port 4 with the foam, and finally are collected through the receiving trough 6. During the process, the baffle 7 above the receiving trough 6 will block the foam, avoiding the loss caused by the foam flowing out of the receiving trough 6 when a large amount of foam is discharged from the overflow port 4 at one time, thereby effectively improving the flotation yield. The annularly arranged overflow port 4 increases the area of the overflow port 4, enabling the foam to flow out of the overflow port 4 smoothly and quickly and enter the receiving trough 6, preventing the foam from accumulating too much in the flotation cell 1, improving the flotation efficiency, and also avoiding the foam from being squeezed and broken, improving the flotation effect.

[0055] During the process, the pulp can also be stirred by the rotation of the cam 22, further enabling the target minerals to fully contact the reagent to form mineralized foam, improving the flotation efficiency and effect. At the same time, every time the cam 22 rotates one circle, it will push the moving plate 24 downward once. When the moving plate 24 moves downward, it will compress the elastic member 25, causing it to deform and store energy. When the cam 22 turns away from the moving plate 24, the moving plate 24 will move upward under the action of the elastic member 25. Through the reciprocating movement of the moving plate 24, there will be an upward driving force on the minerals falling on it, causing the minerals to move upward and approach the stirring blades 23, and then being stirred by the stirring blades 23, enabling more target minerals to fully contact the reagent, be fully mineralized and form foam, and preventing the target minerals from sinking and accumulating with the impurity minerals.

[0056] After the flotation is completed, all the foam enters the material receiving tank 6 to obtain the zinc rough concentrate. Finally, open the first valve 5, and the remaining pulp will be collected through the discharge port 3 to obtain the zinc rough tailings.

[0057] (6) Multiple flotation treatments: The zinc rough concentrate obtained in step (5) is subjected to re-flotation, that is, the operation of step (5) is repeated, and zinc concentrates with higher purity can be obtained. The number of times of repeated flotation can be determined according to actual production requirements. In this embodiment, the number of times of repeated flotation is three times, and zinc concentrate 1 foam, zinc middle 1, zinc concentrate 2 foam, zinc middle 2, zinc concentrate, and zinc middle 3 are obtained respectively.

[0058] After the copper tailings pulp sample is pretreated by acidification with dilute sulfuric acid, the dosage of copper sulfate is halved, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0059] Table 1 Test comparison results

[0060]

[0061] From the analysis of the test data in Table 1 above, compared with the existing process, in the process of the present invention, the zinc content in the zinc concentrate has increased by 17.31 percentage points, the zinc recovery rate has increased by 0.55 percentage points, and the recovery rate of copper in the zinc rough tailings has increased by 13.15 percentage points, which is beneficial to the subsequent recovery of copper by re-selecting copper from the zinc tailings.

[0062] The advantages of a low-cost and high-efficiency activation beneficiation method for sphalerite provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0063] First, by using a beneficiation device for low-cost and high-efficiency activation of sphalerite for flotation treatment, the efficiency and effect of flotation are improved.

[0064] Second, the activation effect of sphalerite is improved, the quality of the zinc concentrate is improved, and the recovery effect of zinc metal is also improved.

[0065] Third, the entrainment of copper metal in the zinc concentrate is reduced, which is beneficial to the subsequent recovery of copper metal by re-selecting copper from the zinc tailings.

[0066] Fourth, by pretreating with acidification by dilute sulfuric acid, the dosage of copper sulfate is reduced, and the beneficiation reagent cost is reduced.

[0067] Example 2 is basically as shown in the appendix Figures 3 to 6 as shown:

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in that: the moving plate 24 is arranged obliquely towards the discharge port 3, and an elastic sheet 26 is connected between the moving plate 24 and the flotation cell 1. A second cavity 27 is formed between the moving plate 24 and the flotation cell 1, and a first one-way valve (not shown) for admitting gas into the second cavity 27 unidirectionally is installed on the flotation cell 1. A third cavity 28 is provided on the second rotating shaft 20, a fourth cavity 29 communicating with the third cavity 28 is provided on the cam 22, and a number of first fine holes 30 communicating with the fourth cavity 29 are provided on the convex part of the cam 22. A second annular pipe 31 communicating with the third cavity 28 is fixedly connected to the flotation cell 1, the second annular pipe 31 is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 20, and a second conduit 32 is connected between the second annular pipe 31 and the second cavity 27. A second one-way valve 33 for unidirectional conduction from the second cavity 27 to the second annular pipe 31 is installed on the second conduit 32.

[0069] A third conduit 34 is connected between the first annular pipe 15 and the second cavity 27. The diameter of the third conduit 34 is smaller than that of the second conduit 32. Two third one-way valves 35 for unidirectional conduction from the second cavity 27 to the first annular pipe 15 are installed on the third conduit 34. The two third one-way valves 35 are respectively installed near the first annular pipe 15 and the second cavity 27. The third one-way valve 35 arranged near the first annular pipe 15 can effectively prevent the chemical agent from entering the third conduit 34 due to the height difference and ensure the flotation effect. A number of second fine holes 36 communicating with the first cavity 13 are circumferentially provided on the first rotating shaft 10, and the second fine holes 36 are distributed on the first rotating shaft 10 between adjacent two scraping blades 12.

[0070] During specific implementation, when the moving plate 24 reciprocates under the action of the cam 22, the elastic member 25, and the elastic piece 26, the air pressure in the second cavity 27 will change. When the cam 22 abuts against the moving plate 24, it will push the moving plate 24 towards the bottom of the flotation cell 1, causing the second cavity 27 to become smaller. Most of the air inside it will flow into the pulp through the second conduit 32, the second annular pipe 31, the third cavity 28, the fourth cavity 29, and the first fine hole 30. Since the density of air is less than that of the pulp, the air will continuously move upward after entering the flotation cell 1. During this period, it can not only make the pulp fully contact with the reagent to form mineralized foam, achieving a better flotation effect, but also blow towards the moving plate 24, causing the minerals on it to move under force, so that the target minerals can fully contact with the reagent, avoiding accumulation and affecting the flotation yield, and thus improving the flotation effect and yield. At the same time, a small part of the air in the second cavity 27 will also enter the first cavity 13 through the third conduit 34 and the first annular pipe 15, and then flow out through the second fine hole 36. Since the second fine hole 36 is circumferentially arranged on the first rotating shaft 10, the flowing-out air will blow towards the mineralized foam, acting as a power to push the mineralized foam towards the overflow port 4, promoting the discharge of the mineralized foam and improving the flotation efficiency. When the cam 22 rotates away from the moving plate 24, the moving plate 24 will reset upward under the action of the elastic member 25. At the same time, the elastic piece 26 will also pull the moving plate 24 upward, making the second cavity 27 larger. Due to the setting of the first one-way valve, external air will enter the second cavity 27 through the first one-way valve, playing a role in air replenishment to prepare for blowing air into the pulp next time, improving the flotation efficiency and effect. Due to the setting of the second one-way valve 33 and the third one-way valve 35, the pulp in the flotation cell 1 will not flow back into the second cavity 27, effectively ensuring the normal progress of flotation.

[0071] Embodiment 3 is basically as shown in the attached Figure 7 figure:

[0072] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: a lifting assembly for adjusting the height of the first rotating shaft 10 is provided on the frame. The lifting assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 37 and a carrier plate 38. The hydraulic cylinder 37 is fixedly connected to the flotation cell 1 by bolts. The carrier plate 38 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 37. The first motor 11 is fixedly connected to the carrier plate 38 by bolts. The connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected between the first annular pipe 15 and the carrier plate 38.

[0073] During specific implementation, when the hydraulic cylinder 37 is started, the hydraulic cylinder 37 will drive the carrier plate 38 to move downward. The carrier plate 38 will drive the first motor 11, the first rotating shaft 10, the connecting rod 16, the first annular pipe 15, and the scraping blade 12 to move downward, so that the scraping blade 12 is at the optimal position height of the liquid surface to ensure that the scraping blade 12 can better scrape the foam, improving the flotation effect and efficiency.

[0074] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made. These should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-cost and high-efficiency activating device for the separation of sphalerite, comprising a frame, characterized in that: A flotation tank is provided on the frame, and a feed port, a discharge port and an annular overflow port are provided on the flotation tank, and a receiving trough for receiving foam is provided outside the overflow port, a first rotating shaft is provided in the flotation tank, and a scraper is provided circumferentially on the first rotating shaft, a power member 1 for driving the first rotating shaft to rotate is provided on the flotation tank, a first cavity is provided in the first rotating shaft, a first through hole connected with the first cavity is provided on the first rotating shaft, a first annular tube connected with the first cavity is rotatably sleeved on the first rotating shaft, a medicine box is provided on the frame, a first conduit is connected between the medicine box and the annular tube, a second rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the flotation tank, a power member 2 for driving the second rotating shaft to rotate is provided on the flotation tank, and a cam is sleeved on the second rotating shaft A wheel is provided on the second rotating shaft, and the stirring blade is arranged axially along the second rotating shaft. A moving plate for abutting against the cam is slidably connected in the flotation tank, and an elastic member is connected between the moving plate and the flotation tank. A second cavity is formed between the moving plate and the flotation tank, and a first one-way valve for one-way air intake to the second cavity is provided on the flotation tank. A third cavity is provided on the second rotating shaft, and a fourth cavity connected to the third cavity is provided on the cam. A first fine hole connected to the fourth cavity is provided on the cam. A second annular tube connected to the third cavity is provided on the flotation tank, and a second conduit is connected between the second annular tube and the second cavity, and a second one-way valve for one-way conduction from the second cavity to the second annular tube is provided on the second conduit.

2. A low-cost and high-efficiency sphalerite ore dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first thin hole is provided on the convex portion of the cam.

3. A low-cost and high-efficiency sphalerite ore dressing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A third conduit is connected between the first annular tube and the second cavity, and a third one-way valve is provided on the third conduit for unidirectional communication from the second cavity to the first annular tube. A second fine hole connected to the first cavity is circumferentially provided on the first rotating shaft, and the diameter of the third conduit is smaller than that of the second conduit.

4. A low-cost and high-efficiency sphalerite ore dressing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring blades are arranged in a spiral shape, and the spiral directions of the stirring blades on both sides of the cam are opposite.

5. A low-cost and high-efficiency sphalerite ore dressing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper edge of the scraper blade is arranged in an arc shape, the number of the scraper blades is at least three, the scraper blades are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the first rotating shaft, and second fine holes are distributed on the first rotating shaft between two adjacent scraper blades.

6. A low-cost and high-efficiency sphalerite ore dressing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving plate is arranged to be inclined toward the discharge port, and an elastic sheet is connected between the moving plate and the flotation tank.

7. A low-cost and high-efficiency sphalerite ore dressing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A blocking piece is arranged on the upper edge of the material receiving trough.

8. A low-cost and high-efficiency activating method for the beneficiation of sphalerite, characterized in that: A low-cost and high-efficiency activating ore dressing device for sphalerite according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is required, comprising the following steps: (1) Mixing and reducing the copper tailings slurry sample to obtain feed for flotation operation; (2) pouring the feed ore obtained in step (1) into a flotation machine, and then adding dilute sulfuric acid for acidification pretreatment, and controlling the pH value to be 4.0-5.0; (3) adding copper sulfate to the slurry in step (2) for activation; (4) adding lime to the slurry in step (3) to adjust the slurry and control the pH value to 11.0-12.0; (5) Adding a collector to the slurry in step (4) and performing flotation treatment to obtain a zinc concentrate and zinc tailings.

9. A low-cost and high-efficiency activating method for beneficiation of sphalerite according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The zinc concentrate obtained in step (5) is subjected to refloatation, i.e. steps (2) to (5) are repeated to obtain zinc concentrate.

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