A mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The present application discloses a mechanical locking hydraulic oil cylinder, which relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders, and comprises a cylinder barrel, an end cover, a base, a plug rod, a piston, an oil inlet hole and an oil return hole; a buffer cavity is formed in the base, and a buffer protrusion is formed at the bottom of the plug rod; a plurality of vertical downward sinking grooves are formed around the buffer protrusion at the lower end of the plug rod, a fixing block and a guide rod are fixed inside the sinking groove, and a plurality of guide holes are formed on the base; a locking mechanism is fixed on the outer side of the top of the cylinder barrel, a guide ring is coaxially fixed on the top of the cylinder barrel, one side of the locking mechanism passes through the guide ring and cooperates with the side wall of the plug rod; a plurality of first oil ports are formed on the guide rod, a first oil channel is formed inside the guide rod, a shift lever is connected inside the first oil channel, a second oil channel is formed inside the shift lever, and a plurality of second oil ports are formed at the bottom of the shift lever; a technical effect of being able to perform multi-level buffering during resetting and having high durability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic cylinders, and in particular to a mechanical locking hydraulic oil cylinder. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical linear motion. It is often used in situations where it is necessary to drive the hydraulic system to achieve intermittent or position control. In order to ensure that the piston is accurately locked and held at a specific position to improve the safety, accuracy and energy efficiency of the operation, the hydraulic cylinder needs a mechanical locking mechanism in structure, so that after one end of the cylinder stroke reaches a predetermined position, the piston can be locked mechanically to prevent the piston from retreating due to the pressure in the hydraulic system. In the prior art, a Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN108757626B discloses a low-pressure start-up buffer hydraulic cylinder, including a cylinder barrel, a base, an end cover, a piston rod, and a piston; a buffer cavity is opened at the center of the base, and a buffer protrusion is provided at the inner end of the piston rod; a guide rod is fixed on the inner end surface of the piston rod; a guide hole is opened on the base that is opposite to and matched with the guide rod; when the piston rod is retracted to the bottom, the guide rod passes through the guide hole and the inner end of the guide rod extends out of the guide hole and enters the oil inlet hole, and the oil port at the inner end of the guide rod is connected to the oil inlet hole.

[0003] The above hydraulic cylinder can buffer the impact caused by the piston resetting, eliminate abnormal noise to a certain extent, and improve the starting speed, but the following problems may occur during operation: 1. When the guide rod is inserted into the guide hole, the oil path of the guide hole is suddenly blocked, and the end of the guide rod will be subjected to a large instantaneous reaction force, which may easily cause damage to the guide rod. 2. The area of ​​the guide rod acting on the hydraulic oil is small. When the piston rod moves at a uniform speed, the liquid inside is in a relatively stable state, and the end of the guide rod can only play a limited role in buffering the entire plug rod. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the guide rod is easily damaged at the moment of buffering and the buffering effect is small at a constant speed, thereby achieving the technical effect of being able to perform multi-level buffering during resetting and having high durability.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a mechanical locking hydraulic oil cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel, an end cover, a base, a plug rod, a piston, an oil inlet hole and an oil return hole; a buffer cavity and an oil inlet channel are provided in the base, and a buffer protrusion matching the buffer cavity is provided at the bottom of the plug rod; a plurality of vertical downward sinking grooves are provided around the buffer protrusion at the lower end of the plug rod, a fixing block and a guide rod are fixed inside the sinking groove, a plurality of guide holes matching the guide rod are provided on the base, the bottom of the guide hole is connected to the oil inlet channel, and the top of the guide hole is connected to the cylinder barrel;

[0006] A locking mechanism is fixed on the outer side of the top of the cylinder, a guide ring is coaxially fixed on the inner top of the cylinder, one side of the locking mechanism passes through the guide ring and matches with the side wall of the plug rod;

[0007] A plurality of first oil ports are provided on the upper side wall of the guide rod, and the plurality of first oil ports are coaxially evenly distributed on a circle of the side wall of the guide rod; a first oil passage is provided inside the guide rod, and a shift rod is slidably connected inside the first oil passage; a second oil passage is provided inside the shift rod, and the top of the second oil passage is open. The length of the shift rod is greater than that of the guide rod; a plurality of second oil ports are provided on the bottom side wall of the shift rod, and when the top of the shift rod hits the top of the first oil passage, the top opening of the second oil passage is closed and the second oil port is located outside the guide rod; the opening area of ​​the second oil port is smaller than the opening area of ​​the first oil port, so that resistance is formed when the shift rod slides inside the guide rod, and as the shift rod slides, the liquid flow speed around the first oil port is accelerated, so that the bottom of the plug rod is further buffered.

[0008] Preferably, the end cover and the base are coaxially fixed to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder respectively; the cylinder is a vertically arranged cylindrical shape, one end of the plug rod coaxially passes through the end cover and the guide ring and is inserted into the cylinder, the piston is fixed to the lower part of the plug rod and is in sliding contact with the inside of the cylinder; one side of the upper part of the cylinder is connected to an oil return hole, and one side of the base is connected to an oil inlet hole; an oil inlet channel is provided at the bottom of the base, the bottom of the buffer cavity is connected to the oil inlet channel, and the top of the buffer cavity is connected to the cylinder; the oil inlet hole is connected to one side of the oil inlet channel.

[0009] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a locking box fixed to the outside of the cylinder and a sliding hole horizontally penetrating the outer wall of the cylinder and the guide ring, the side wall of the plug rod is provided with a plurality of vertically evenly distributed first locking holes, and a first locking pin is slidably connected in the sliding hole; the first locking pin is close to one end of the plug rod and cooperates with the first locking hole, the first locking pin is located in the locking box away from one end of the first locking hole and has two second locking holes vertically provided therein, the top of the locking box is open, and a locking groove is provided in the bottom of the locking box, the locking groove is located below the second locking hole, a second locking pin is inserted in the second locking hole, and the bottom of the second locking pin is movably connected to the locking groove, and when the first locking pin is inserted into the first locking hole, a second locking hole away from the first locking hole is opposite to the locking groove, so that the user can fix the position of the plug rod by inserting the second locking pin.

[0010] Preferably, the shift lever is divided into two sections, the upper section is an elastic section, and the lower section is a hard section.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic section is made of elastic rubber. When the plug rod is pressed against the buffer cavity, the length of the shift rod is greater than the distance between the top of the guide rod and the bottom of the oil inlet channel, so that the elastic section provides buffering and accumulates force when the plug rod is reset, providing elastic thrust for starting the plug rod.

[0012] Preferably, a push plate is fixed to the top of the elastic section, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the push plate; the thickness of the side wall of the middle one-third of the elastic section is smaller than the thickness of the upper and lower parts thereof.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the elastic section; the edge of the push plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first oil channel, and the diameter of the elastic section is smaller than the diameter of the first oil channel.

[0014] Preferably, when the elastic section is not subjected to external force, its middle part contracts radially inwardly, and its upper and lower ends bulge radially outwardly, so that the channel diameters at the upper and lower ends of the second oil channel in the elastic section are larger than the channel diameter in the middle.

[0015] Preferably, a liquid storage cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the middle part of the elastic section; the liquid storage cylinder is cylindrical with upper and lower openings, the bottom opening edge of the liquid storage cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic section, and a plurality of liquid holes are opened in the middle part of the liquid storage cylinder, and the plurality of liquid holes correspond one-to-one to the first oil port.

[0016] Preferably, a liquid storage chamber is formed between the inner wall of the liquid storage cylinder and the middle part of the elastic section; the axial length of the liquid storage cylinder is one third to one half of the elastic section, and the opening area of ​​the first oil port is larger than the opening area of ​​the liquid through hole; when the elastic section slides toward the top of the first oil channel, the liquid storage cylinder slides upward accordingly, and when the liquid through hole slides to be opposite to the first oil port, the liquid storage chamber is filled with liquid, and as the liquid storage cylinder continues to slide upward, the liquid through hole is closed by the inner wall of the guide rod, so that the middle part of the elastic section can only shrink inward, thereby maintaining the stability of the elastic section after deformation; when the elastic section and the liquid storage cylinder slide downward, the liquid inside the liquid storage chamber is released in the process of the liquid through hole passing through the first oil port, and the elastic section rebounds, so that the diameter of the middle part of the elastic section becomes larger.

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0018] By setting a locking mechanism and a buffer mechanism, the buffering when the plug rod is reset downward is more reliable, and the position of the plug rod can be locked by the locking mechanism. By slidingly setting a shift rod inside the guide rod, when the plug rod moves toward the buffer chamber, the shift rod first passes through the guide hole, and the bottom of the shift rod hits the bottom of the oil inlet channel, so that as the plug rod moves, the shift rod slides into the first oil channel, and because the opening of the second oil port is smaller than the first oil port, resistance is formed in the second oil channel and the first oil channel. Since the guide rod cooperates with the guide hole and the diameter of the shift rod is smaller than the guide hole, the strong reaction force generated when the guide rod is inserted into the guide hole is alleviated, so that the liquid remains in a flowing state and the burden of the buffer mechanism is reduced; the technical problem that the guide rod of the prior art is easily damaged at the moment of buffering and the buffering effect is small at a uniform speed is solved, and the technical effect of being able to perform multi-level buffering and strong durability when resetting is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of area A;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of area B;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shift lever according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bending state of the elastic section of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic section structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic section structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the matching state of the fourth through hole and the first oil port in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] Cylinder barrel 100; oil return hole 110; guide ring 120; plug rod 200; piston 210; sink 220; fixing block 221; end cover 300; base 400; oil inlet hole 410; guide hole 420; buffer chamber 430; guide rod 500; first oil port 510; first oil channel 520; shift lever 600; second oil channel 610; second oil port 620; elastic section 630; push plate 631; hard section 640; liquid storage cylinder 650; liquid hole 651; liquid storage chamber 652; locking mechanism 700; locking box 710; locking groove 711; sliding hole 720; first locking pin 730; first locking hole 740; second locking pin 750; second locking hole 760. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings; the drawings show preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein; on the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to enable a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosed content of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms “vertical”, “horizontal”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right” and similar expressions used in this document are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0032] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present application is a mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylinder 100, an end cover 300, a base 400, a plug rod 200 and a piston 210; the end cover 300 and the base 400 are coaxially fixed to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 100 respectively; the cylinder 100 is a vertically arranged cylindrical shape, and a guide ring 120 is coaxially fixed to the top of the cylinder 100, one end of the plug rod 200 coaxially passes through the end cover 300 and the guide ring 120 and is inserted into the cylinder 100, the piston 210 is fixed to the lower part of the plug rod 200 and is in sliding contact with the inside of the cylinder 100; one side of the upper part of the cylinder 100 is connected to an oil return hole 110, one side of the base 400 is connected to an oil inlet hole 410, and the base 4 A buffer cavity 430 is provided at the center of 00, and a buffer protrusion matching the buffer cavity 430 is provided at the bottom of the plug rod 200; an oil inlet channel is provided at the bottom of the base 400, the bottom of the buffer cavity 430 is connected to the oil inlet channel, the top of the buffer cavity 430 is connected to the cylinder 100, and the oil inlet hole 410 is connected to one side of the oil inlet channel; a plurality of vertical downward sinking grooves 220 are provided around the buffer protrusion at the lower end of the plug rod 200, a fixing block 221 and a guide rod 500 are fixed inside the sinking groove 220, a plurality of guide holes 420 matching the guide rod 500 are provided on the base 400, the bottom of the guide hole 420 is connected to the oil inlet channel, and the top of the guide hole 420 is connected to the cylinder 100.

[0033] A locking mechanism 700 is fixed to the outer side of the top of the cylinder 100. One side of the locking mechanism 700 passes through the guide ring 120 and cooperates with the side wall of the plug rod 200.

[0034] The upper side wall of the guide rod 500 is provided with a plurality of first oil ports 510, and the plurality of first oil ports 510 are coaxially evenly distributed in a circle on the side wall of the guide rod 500; the guide rod 500 is provided with a first oil passage 520, and a shift lever 600 is slidably connected in the first oil passage 520; the shift lever 600 is provided with a second oil passage 610, and the top of the second oil passage 610 is open; the length of the shift lever 600 is greater than that of the guide rod 500; the bottom side wall of the shift lever 600 is provided with a plurality of second oil ports 510; When the top of the shift lever 600 hits the top of the first oil channel 520, the top opening of the second oil channel 610 is closed and the second oil port 620 is located outside the guide rod 500; the opening area of ​​the second oil port 620 is smaller than the opening area of ​​the first oil port 510, so that resistance is formed when the shift lever 600 slides inside the guide rod 500, and as the shift lever 600 slides, the liquid flow speed around the first oil port 510 is accelerated, so that the bottom of the plug rod 200 is further buffered.

[0035] The locking mechanism 700 includes a locking box 710 fixed to the outside of the cylinder 100 and a sliding hole 720 horizontally penetrating the outer wall of the cylinder 100 and the guide ring 120. The side wall of the plug rod 200 is provided with a plurality of first locking holes 740 evenly distributed vertically, and a first locking pin 730 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 720; the first locking pin 730 is matched with the first locking hole 740 at one end close to the plug rod 200, and the first locking pin 730 is located in the locking box 710 at one end away from the first locking hole 740 and has two second locking holes 760 vertically provided therein. The locking box 710 is open at the top, and a locking groove 711 is provided at the bottom of the locking box 710. The locking groove 711 is located below the second locking hole 760. A second locking pin 750 is inserted into the second locking hole 760. The bottom of the second locking pin 750 is movably connected to the locking groove 711. When the first locking pin 730 is inserted into the first locking hole 740, a second locking hole 760 away from the first locking hole 740 is opposite to the locking groove 711, so that the user can fix the position of the plug rod 200 by inserting the second locking pin 750.

[0036] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0037] In this embodiment, by providing the locking mechanism 700 and the buffer mechanism, the buffering when the plug rod 200 is reset downward is made more reliable, and at the same time, the position of the plug rod 200 can be locked by the locking mechanism 700. By slidingly arranging the shift rod 600 inside the guide rod 500, when the plug rod 200 moves toward the buffer chamber 430, the shift rod 600 first passes through the guide hole 420, and the bottom of the shift rod 600 hits the bottom of the oil inlet channel, so that as the plug rod 200 moves, the shift rod 600 slides into the first oil channel 520, and because the opening of the second oil port 620 is smaller than the first oil port 510, resistance is formed in the second oil channel 610 and the first oil channel 520. Since the guide rod 500 cooperates with the guide hole 420 and the diameter of the shift rod 600 is smaller than the guide hole 420, the strong reaction force generated when the guide rod 500 is inserted into the guide hole 420 is alleviated, so that the liquid remains in a flowing state and the burden of the buffer mechanism is reduced; the technical problems of the guide rod 500 in the prior art that it is easy to be damaged at the moment of buffering and the buffering effect is small at a uniform speed are solved, and the technical effect of being able to perform multi-level buffering during resetting and having strong durability is achieved.

[0038] Embodiment 2: Considering that the buffer mechanism in the above embodiment 1 can produce a good buffering effect, the top opening of the shift lever 600 conflicts with the top of the first oil passage 520, so that the second oil passage 610 is closed. Although the oil can also generate an upward thrust through the second oil passage 610, due to the limitation of the opening area at the top of the second oil passage 610, its thrust is relatively weak. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the device, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the specific structure is as follows:

[0039] The shift lever 600 is divided into two sections, the upper section is an elastic section 630, and the lower section is a hard section 640; the elastic section 630 is made of elastic rubber. When the plug rod 200 is pressed against the buffer cavity 430, the length of the shift lever 600 is greater than the distance between the top of the guide rod 500 and the bottom of the oil inlet channel, so that the elastic section 630 provides buffering and accumulates force when the plug rod 200 is reset, providing elastic thrust for the start of the plug rod 200.

[0040] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0041] In this embodiment, an elastic section 630 is provided. When the plug rod 200 is reset, the elastic section 630 bends. When the plug rod 200 is started, the elastic section 630 can store liquid and expand and bounce upward to provide thrust for the plug rod 200. This solves the technical problem that the buffer mechanism in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 has insufficient starting thrust for the plug rod 200, and achieves the technical effect of better improving the starting speed of the plug rod 200 and further buffering the reset of the end of the plug rod 200.

[0042] Embodiment 3: Considering that the elastic section 630 in the above-mentioned embodiment 2 can only buffer the plug rod 200 when it contacts the top of the first oil channel 520, and secondly, the resistance that the shift lever 600 can provide at different plug rod 200 advancement speeds varies little, and the reaction speed of the buffer mechanism when the plug rod 200 accelerates needs to be improved. In order to further improve the buffering effect of the buffer mechanism, it is necessary to improve the device, such as Figure 6 As shown, the specific structure is as follows:

[0043] A push plate 631 is fixed to the top of the elastic section 630, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the push plate 631, and the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the elastic section 630; the edge of the push plate 631 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first oil channel 520, and the diameter of the elastic section 630 is smaller than the diameter of the first oil channel 520; the thickness of the side wall of the middle one-third of the elastic section 630 is smaller than the thickness of the upper and lower parts thereof.

[0044] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0045] In this embodiment, a push plate 631 is provided at the top of the elastic section 630, and the middle part of the elastic section 630 is relatively thinner than the upper and lower ends. Therefore, when the shift lever 600 slides upward in the first oil channel 520, the push plate 631 generates resistance to the liquid flow above, so that the elastic section 630 obtains a downward thrust and deforms. The deformation degree of the elastic section 630 can change with the movement speed of the plug rod 200. The faster the movement speed of the plug rod 200, the greater the deformation of the elastic section 630. The deformed elastic section 630 can generate greater friction with the side wall of the first oil channel 520, so that the resistance to the shift lever 600 is stronger, and the buffering effect of the buffer mechanism is stronger. Secondly, when the plug rod 200 is started, as the liquid flows into the second oil channel 610, the elastic section 630 can automatically straighten, so that the start of the plug rod 200 remains smooth.

[0046] Embodiment 4: Considering that the elastic section 630 in the above-mentioned embodiment 3 is not deformed regularly after contacting the top of the first oil passage 520, its bending shape may be affected by the vibration generated by the movement of the plug rod 200, and it is difficult to ensure the bending angle, so that the elastic potential energy generated after the bending cannot be fully converted into an upward thrust. At the same time, the irregular bending is also likely to reduce the service life of the elastic section 630. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the device, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the specific structure is as follows:

[0047] When the elastic section 630 is not subjected to external force, the middle part thereof contracts radially inward, and the upper and lower ends thereof bulge radially outward, so that the channel diameters at the upper and lower ends of the second oil passage 610 in the elastic section 630 are larger than the channel diameter in the middle; a liquid storage cylinder 650 is sleeved on the outer side of the middle part of the elastic section 630; the liquid storage cylinder 650 is in the shape of a cylinder with upper and lower openings, the bottom opening edge of the liquid storage cylinder 650 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the elastic section 630, and a liquid storage cavity 652 is formed between the inner wall of the liquid storage cylinder 650 and the middle part of the elastic section 630; the axial length of the liquid storage cylinder 650 is one-third to one-half of the elastic section 630, and a plurality of liquid through holes 651 are opened in the middle part of the liquid storage cylinder 650, and the plurality of liquid through holes 651 correspond one-to-one to the first oil port 510, and the opening area of ​​the first oil port 510 is large. The opening area of ​​the liquid through hole 651 is as follows: when the elastic section 630 slides toward the top of the first oil channel 520, the liquid storage cylinder 650 slides upward accordingly. When the liquid through hole 651 slides to be opposite to the first oil port 510, the liquid storage chamber 652 is filled with liquid. As the liquid storage cylinder 650 continues to slide upward, the liquid through hole 651 is closed by the inner wall of the guide rod 500, so that the middle part of the elastic section 630 can only shrink inward, thereby maintaining the stability of the elastic section 630 after deformation. When the elastic section 630 and the liquid storage cylinder 650 slide downward, at the moment when the liquid through hole 651 passes through the first oil port 510, the liquid inside the liquid storage chamber 652 is released, and at the same time a large rebound force is generated, and the diameter of the middle part of the elastic section 630 becomes larger, so that the oil inside the second oil channel 610 flows smoothly upward.

[0048] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0049] This embodiment solves the technical problem of irregular deformation of the elastic section 630 after it hits the top of the first oil channel 520 in the above-mentioned third embodiment by providing an elastic section 630 with a retracted middle portion and a liquid storage cylinder 650 sleeved on the middle portion of the elastic section 630, thereby achieving the technical effect of enabling the elastic section 630 to deform regularly, thereby enhancing the stability of the thrust of the elastic section 630 and enhancing the service life of the elastic section 630.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical locking hydraulic oil cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel (100), an end cover (300), a base (400), a plug rod (200), a piston (210), an oil inlet hole (410) and an oil return hole (110); a buffer cavity (430) and an oil inlet channel are provided in the base (400); a buffer protrusion matching the buffer cavity (430) is provided at the bottom of the plug rod (200); a plurality of vertically downwardly directed grooves (220) are provided around the buffer protrusion at the lower end of the plug rod (200); a fixing block (221) and a guide rod (500) are fixed inside the groove (220); a plurality of guide holes (420) matching the guide rod (500) are provided on the base (400); the bottom of the guide hole (420) is communicated with the oil inlet channel, and the top of the guide hole (420) is communicated with the cylinder barrel (100); It is characterized in that A locking mechanism (700) is fixed to the outer side of the top of the cylinder (100), a guide ring (120) is coaxially fixed to the top of the cylinder (100), and one side of the locking mechanism (700) passes through the guide ring (120) and cooperates with the side wall of the plug rod (200); The guide rod (500) is provided with a plurality of first oil ports (510) on the upper side wall thereof, and the plurality of first oil ports (510) are coaxially evenly distributed on a circle of the guide rod (500) side wall; the guide rod (500) is provided with a first oil passage (520) inside thereof, and a shift rod (600) is slidably connected inside the first oil passage (520); the shift rod (600) is provided with a second oil passage (610) inside thereof, and the second oil passage (610) is open at the top; the length of the shift rod (600) is greater than that of the guide rod (500); and the bottom side wall of the shift rod (600) is provided with a plurality of second The oil port (620) is configured such that when the top of the shift lever (600) contacts the top of the first oil channel (520), the top opening of the second oil channel (610) is closed and the second oil port (620) is located outside the flow guide rod (500); the opening area of ​​the second oil port (620) is smaller than the opening area of ​​the first oil port (510), so that resistance is formed when the shift lever (600) slides inside the flow guide rod (500), and as the shift lever (600) slides, the speed of the liquid flow around the first oil port (510) is accelerated, so that the bottom of the plug rod (200) is further buffered; The end cover (300) and the base (400) are coaxially fixed to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder (100), respectively; the cylinder (100) is vertically arranged in a cylindrical shape; one end of the plug rod (200) coaxially passes through the end cover (300) and the guide ring (120) and is inserted into the cylinder (100); the piston (210) is fixed to the lower part of the plug rod (200) and is in sliding contact with the inside of the cylinder (100); one side of the upper part of the cylinder (100) is connected to an oil return hole (110); one side of the base (400) is connected to an oil inlet hole (410); an oil inlet channel is provided at the bottom of the base (400); the bottom of the buffer chamber (430) is connected to the oil inlet channel; the top of the buffer chamber (430) is connected to the cylinder (100); the oil inlet hole (410) is connected to one side of the oil inlet channel; The locking mechanism (700) comprises a locking box (710) fixed to the outside of the cylinder (100) and a sliding hole (720) horizontally penetrating the outer wall of the cylinder (100) and the guide ring (120); a plurality of first locking holes (740) evenly distributed vertically are formed on the side wall of the plug rod (200); a first locking pin (730) is slidably connected in the sliding hole (720); an end of the first locking pin (730) close to the plug rod (200) cooperates with the first locking hole (740); an end of the first locking pin (730) away from the first locking hole (740) is located in the locking box (710) and has two second locking holes (760) vertically formed therein. The locking box (710) has an opening at the top, and a locking groove (711) is provided at the bottom of the locking box (710). The locking groove (711) is located below the second locking hole (760). A second locking pin (750) is inserted into the second locking hole (760). The bottom of the second locking pin (750) is movably connected to the locking groove (711). When the first locking pin (730) is inserted into the first locking hole (740), a second locking hole (760) away from the first locking hole (740) is positioned opposite to the locking groove (711), so that the user can fix the position of the plug rod (200) by inserting the second locking pin (750).

2. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear shift lever (600) is divided into two sections, an upper section and an lower section, wherein the upper section is an elastic section (630) and the lower section is a hard section (640).

3. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic section (630) is made of elastic rubber material. When the plug rod (200) is pressed against the buffer chamber (430), the length of the shift rod (600) is greater than the distance between the top of the guide rod (500) and the bottom of the oil inlet channel, so that the elastic section (630) provides buffering and accumulates force when the plug rod (200) is reset, thereby providing elastic thrust for starting the plug rod (200).

4. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: A push plate (631) is fixed to the top of the elastic section (630), and a through hole is provided in the middle of the push plate (631); the thickness of the side wall of the middle third of the elastic section (630) is smaller than the thickness of the upper and lower parts thereof.

5. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the top opening of the elastic section (630); the edge of the push plate (631) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first oil channel (520), and the diameter of the elastic section (630) is smaller than the diameter of the first oil channel (520).

6. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the elastic section (630) is not subjected to external force, its middle part contracts radially inwards, and its upper and lower ends bulge radially outwards, so that the channel diameters at the upper and lower ends of the second oil channel (610) in the elastic section (630) are larger than the channel diameter in the middle.

7. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that: A liquid storage cylinder (650) is sleeved on the outer side of the middle of the elastic section (630); the liquid storage cylinder (650) is in the shape of a cylinder with upper and lower openings, the bottom opening edge of the liquid storage cylinder (650) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the elastic section (630), and a plurality of liquid through holes (651) are opened in the middle of the liquid storage cylinder (650), and the plurality of liquid through holes (651) correspond one-to-one to the first oil port (510).

8. The mechanical locking hydraulic cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: A liquid storage chamber (652) is formed between the inner wall of the liquid storage cylinder (650) and the middle of the elastic section (630); the axial length of the liquid storage cylinder (650) is one third to one half of the elastic section (630); the opening area of ​​the first oil port (510) is larger than the opening area of ​​the liquid through hole (651); when the elastic section (630) slides toward the top of the first oil passage (520), the liquid storage cylinder (650) slides upward accordingly; when the liquid through hole (651) slides to face the first oil port (510), the liquid storage chamber (652) is filled with liquid. As the liquid storage cylinder (650) continues to slide upward, the liquid through hole (651) is closed by the inner wall of the guide rod (500), so that the middle part of the elastic section (630) can only shrink inward, thereby maintaining the stability of the elastic section (630) after deformation; when the elastic section (630) and the liquid storage cylinder (650) slide downward, the liquid in the liquid storage chamber (652) is released in the process of the liquid through hole (651) passing through the first oil port (510), and the elastic section (630) rebounds, so that the diameter of the middle part of the elastic section (630) increases.

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