A multifunctional integrated friction testing device and testing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional integrated friction testing device, which can simulate a variety of working conditions and can be used for friction and wear testing of materials under reciprocating friction conditions, rotary friction conditions, current-carrying friction conditions, friction corrosion conditions, and erosion corrosion conditions, and is commonly used in most friction and wear testing machines; a method for performing friction testing using the above device is also disclosed, and the testing method has strong applicability, stable testing, and reliable data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of friction and wear testing, and specifically relates to a multifunctional integrated friction testing device and a testing method, in particular to an integrated multifunctional friction testing device and a testing method suitable for various testing conditions such as reciprocating and rotating. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, the application scenarios of friction and wear involving materials are increasing, such as mining machinery, marine engineering, aerospace, biological applications, etc., and the service environment and scenarios are becoming more and more diverse. In these applications, friction and wear exist as long as there is relative motion. According to statistics, friction consumes one-third of the world's disposable resources, and about 80% of machine parts fail due to friction and wear. Friction and wear is an important failure mode of mechanical equipment. Friction and wear not only cause the failure of equipment parts, resulting in frequent replacement and maintenance of workpieces, and reduced equipment working efficiency, but also consumes a lot of resources.

[0003] With the introduction of the concept of carbon neutrality, reducing friction and wear is an effective means to improve resource utilization. However, friction and wear is a very complex phenomenon, which is affected by friction conditions, environment and material factors. Therefore, when testing the friction and wear performance of materials, the focus of work in the field of material friction is to simulate the actual working conditions of materials in a nearly realistic way. At present, the accessories of most friction testing equipment can only simulate a single scene, which is difficult to adapt to various friction environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional integrated friction testing device, which can be applied to a variety of models, scenes and environments.

[0005] The present invention also aims to provide a method for friction testing using the above device, which method can be generally applied to a variety of test conditions.

[0006] The first object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: a multifunctional integrated friction testing device, comprising a friction testing machine,

[0007] The friction tester is provided with a friction test auxiliary mechanism, which includes a base, a solution tank, a cover plate, an auxiliary table and a movable sample holder, wherein the solution tank is arranged on the base, the cover plate is arranged on the top of the solution tank, and the auxiliary table and the movable sample holder are arranged in the solution tank and located at the bottom of the solution tank;

[0008] The base is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes located on the outer side of the solution tank for mounting the base on friction testing machines of different models;

[0009] The center of the cover plate is provided with an opening for installing and operating friction fixtures and friction pairs suitable for different types of friction testers, and the cover plate is also provided with a plurality of auxiliary circular holes for installing external test accessories on the circumferential outer side of the opening;

[0010] The cover plate comprises a first cover plate and a second cover plate, wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate are detachably connected;

[0011] The auxiliary platform includes a bottom plate and a first auxiliary platform and a second auxiliary platform arranged on both sides of the bottom plate, wherein the first auxiliary platform and the second auxiliary platform are located above the bottom plate in the height direction to form a mounting groove with a side opening between the first auxiliary platform and the bottom plate and between the second auxiliary platform and the bottom plate respectively;

[0012] The movable sample fixture can be locked and installed in the installation groove through the side opening, and the movable sample fixtures in the two installation grooves can approach each other or separate away from each other to clamp different types of samples to be tested and their fixtures; wherein, the first auxiliary table and the second auxiliary table are provided with locking members, and the locking members can move up and down to press the movable sample fixture.

[0013] Preferably, a guide groove extending along the clamping direction of the movable sample fixture is provided in the mounting groove, and a guide rod is provided on the movable sample fixture. When the movable sample fixture is installed in the mounting groove, the guide rod extends into the guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the guide grooves is more than two, and the more than two guide grooves are arranged at intervals in a direction orthogonal to the clamping direction of the movable sample holder; the purpose is to maintain stability during the sliding process.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of bottom plate fixing bolt holes for fixing it to the bottom of the solution tank, and the first auxiliary table and the second auxiliary table are provided with a plurality of first auxiliary table fixing bolt holes and second auxiliary table fixing bolt holes for fixing the first auxiliary table and the second auxiliary table to the bottom plate.

[0016] The movable sample fixture can be adjusted to accommodate samples of different sizes. The movable sample fixture cooperates with the auxiliary table to adjust the position of the sample and its auxiliary fixture. In addition, a plurality of bolt holes are opened on the auxiliary table and can be fixed to the bottom of the solution tank.

[0017] Preferably, the friction tester includes a reciprocating friction tester and a rotary friction tester.

[0018] Preferably, the diameter range of the opening is suitable for reciprocating and rotating friction between the sample to be tested and the friction pair.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the diameter of the opening is 50 mm.

[0020] Preferably, there are three auxiliary circular holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential outer side of the opening. For example, three auxiliary circular holes are opened at 120° around the opening.

[0021] Furthermore, a slot for testing accessories and a fixture thereof is also provided in the auxiliary circular hole.

[0022] Preferably, the test accessories include an electrochemical test electrode, a current-carrying working condition electrode, an acid-base pH meter, a viscometer or a temperature probe couple.

[0023] Preferably, the cover plate is disposed above the solution tank and in contact with the solution tank, or the cover plate is disposed above the solution tank and not in contact with the solution tank, for example, by being suspended above the solution tank by external force to apply different friction conditions.

[0024] Preferably, the first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged symmetrically.

[0025] As one of the specific embodiments of the present invention: the cover plate is detachable, the cover plate can be fixed to the solution tank, and can also be suspended above the solution tank by external force to adapt to different friction conditions; at the same time, the cover plate can be divided into two from the center and can be re-fixed and assembled into one by a bayonet, and can be fixed above the solution tank in a contact manner during testing. The center of the cover plate can be combined into an opening with a diameter of about 50 mm for the insertion of the friction pair (or friction fixture), and the opening diameter range can be suitable for reciprocating and rotary friction of the sample to be tested. Three auxiliary circular holes are set at 120° around the opening, and a card slot can be reserved on each auxiliary circular hole for fixing electrodes and other fixtures.

[0026] As one of the specific embodiments of the present invention: the material of the base can be mold steel, and the base is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes on the relatively outer side of the solution tank, which is used to install the base on friction testing machines of different models. It can be matched with most pin-disc or ball-disc friction testing machines, and is generally applicable to reciprocating friction and rotary friction.

[0027] Optionally, the solution tank, the cover plate, the auxiliary table and the movable sample holder are made of insulating material, and the insulating material is polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon.

[0028] That is, the solution tank, cover plate, auxiliary table and movable sample holder are all made of insulators such as polytetrafluoroethylene and nylon, and the required sealing parts are all sealed with insulating silicone.

[0029] The second object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: A method for friction testing using the multifunctional integrated friction device comprises the following steps:

[0030] (S1) Sample preparation and installation

[0031] (S1.1) Select the sample to be tested and its fixture

[0032] (S1.2) Use a movable sample fixture to fix the sample to be tested and its fixture, and adjust the auxiliary stage to change the position;

[0033] (S2) Installation of auxiliary mechanism for friction test of samples to be tested

[0034] According to the friction conditions, the installation position of the first bolt hole of the base is selected, and the friction test auxiliary mechanism is installed on the friction tester;

[0035] (S3) Installation of friction pair

[0036] (S3.1) selecting the material type of the rod-shaped clamp according to the friction condition, and fixing the friction pair by the rod-shaped clamp;

[0037] (S3.2) Install the friction pair and determine the relative position of the friction pair and the sample to be tested;

[0038] (S4) Preparation of friction environment solution and installation of cover plate

[0039] (S4.1) determining whether to prepare a friction environment solution according to the friction conditions, and when preparing the friction environment solution, pouring the solution into a solution tank;

[0040] (S4.2) Install the cover plate so that the friction pair passes through the central opening, and select whether the cover plate contacts the solution tank according to the friction condition;

[0041] (S5) Setting of friction program and start of test, collection of friction data.

[0042] In the above friction test method:

[0043] Preferably, in step (S1.1), the sample to be tested can be treated differently according to the friction conditions. For example, the friction corrosion test can be carried out by sealing other surfaces with silicone or epoxy, etc., leaving only the test surface.

[0044] Preferably, the friction condition in step (S2) is reciprocating friction or rotary friction.

[0045] Preferably, the friction pair in step (S3.1) is a pin or a ball.

[0046] Preferably, in step (S4.1), the liquid level of the solution is higher than the sample to be tested but does not exceed two-thirds of the total height of the solution tank (2).

[0047] Preferably, in step (S4.2), an external test accessory is installed in the auxiliary circular hole (32) according to the test conditions.

[0048] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0049] (1) The multifunctional integrated friction testing device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes for mounting the base on friction testing machines of different models, relying on the space on the base located relatively outside the solution tank. The first bolt holes can be of various specifications to be applicable to friction testing machines of different types and brands; the cover plate is formed by splicing two parts, and after splicing, the middle is combined into a larger opening to facilitate the passage of the friction pair and reserve running space, which can be generally used for reciprocating and rotary friction. At the same time, three auxiliary circular holes are opened on the cover plate to independently fix external test accessories such as electrochemical electrodes, current-carrying working electrodes, etc. This design makes the auxiliary device very stable during the friction process, and realizes synchronous and stable testing of friction data and other performance data;

[0050] (2) The multifunctional integrated friction testing device of the present invention can simulate a variety of working conditions and can be used for friction and wear testing of materials under reciprocating friction conditions, rotary friction conditions, current-carrying (current-carrying) friction conditions, friction corrosion conditions, and erosion corrosion conditions. It is commonly used in most friction and wear testing machines. The test method is highly applicable, the test is stable, and the data is reliable.

[0051] (3) The multifunctional integrated friction testing device of the present invention can be used as a friction testing auxiliary mechanism and is applicable to test conditions such as dry friction, liquid environment, simulated body fluid, seawater scouring, slurry wet friction, current-carrying friction, friction corrosion electrochemistry, etc., which effectively solves the problem that different test auxiliary mechanisms need to be customized for different test conditions of the current friction and wear testing machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 It is a top view, a front cross-sectional view along the DD direction, and a side cross-sectional view along the CC direction of the multifunctional integrated friction device in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of the multifunctional integrated friction device in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the multifunctional cover of the multifunctional integrated friction device in Example 1 of the present invention in an open state;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a top view and EE-plane cross-sectional view of the auxiliary platform of the multifunctional integrated friction device in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5It is a top view and EE-plane cross-sectional view of a movable fixture of the multifunctional integrated friction device in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 In Example 2, the multifunctional integrated friction testing device in Example 1 is used to test the friction curve of the hydrogel in the simulated body fluid;

[0058] Figure 7 The friction curve of corrosion friction of titanium alloy in simulated seawater is tested by using the multifunctional integrated friction testing device in Example 1 in Example 3;

[0059] Figure 8 The friction curve of the friction and wear of tungsten-copper alloy under current-carrying conditions tested by the multifunctional integrated friction testing device in Example 1 in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to better explain the device of the present invention, the specific implementation methods under some actual conditions targeted by the present invention are further described below. It should be noted that the description of these implementation methods is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in each implementation method of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the multifunctional integrated friction testing device provided in this embodiment includes a friction testing machine,

[0063] The friction tester is provided with a friction test auxiliary mechanism, which includes a base 1, a solution tank 2, a cover plate 3, an auxiliary table 4 and a movable sample holder 5. The solution tank 2 is arranged on the base 1, the cover plate 3 is arranged on the top of the solution tank 2, the auxiliary table 4 and the movable sample holder 5 are arranged in the solution tank 2 and are located at the bottom of the solution tank 2. Figure 1 As shown;

[0064] The base 1 is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes 11 on the opposite outer side of the solution tank 2 for mounting the base 1 on friction testing machines of different models, such as Figure 2 As shown;

[0065] The center of the cover plate 3 is provided with an opening 31 for installing and operating friction fixtures and friction pairs of different types of friction testers. The cover plate 3 is also provided with a plurality of auxiliary circular holes 32 for installing external test accessories on the circumferential outer side of the opening 31;

[0066] The cover plate 3 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are detachably connected. Figure 3 As shown;

[0067] The auxiliary table 4 includes a bottom plate 41 and a first auxiliary table 42 and a second auxiliary table 43 arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 41. In the height direction, the first auxiliary table 42 and the second auxiliary table 43 are located above the bottom plate 41 to form a side-opening mounting groove 44 between the first auxiliary table 42 and the bottom plate 41 and between the second auxiliary table 43 and the bottom plate 41, respectively. Figure 4 As shown;

[0068] The movable sample fixture 5 can be locked and installed in the installation groove 44 through the side opening. The movable sample fixtures 5 in the two installation grooves 44 can be approached or separated from each other to clamp different types of samples to be tested and their fixtures. The first auxiliary platform 42 and the second auxiliary platform 43 are provided with a locking member 45, which can move up and down to press the movable sample fixture 5. Figure 4 shown.

[0069] A guide groove 46 extending along the clamping direction of the movable sample fixture 5 is provided in the mounting groove 44. A guide rod 51 is provided on the movable sample fixture 5. When the movable sample fixture 5 is installed in the mounting groove 44, the guide rod 51 extends into the guide groove 46. Figure 5 shown.

[0070] The locking member 45 may be composed of threaded holes provided on the first auxiliary platform 42 and the second auxiliary platform 43 and threads matching therewith.

[0071] The bottom plate 41 is provided with a plurality of bottom plate fixing bolt holes 411 for fixing it to the bottom of the solution tank, and the first auxiliary platform 42 and the second auxiliary platform 43 are provided with a plurality of first auxiliary platform fixing bolt holes 421 and second auxiliary platform fixing bolt holes 431 for fixing the first auxiliary platform 42 and the second auxiliary platform 43 to the bottom plate 41. Figure 4 shown.

[0072] The movable sample fixture 5 can be adjusted to accommodate samples of different sizes. The movable sample fixture 5 cooperates with the auxiliary table 4 to adjust the position of the sample and its auxiliary fixture. In addition, the auxiliary table 4 has a plurality of bolt holes 411 and can be fixed to the bottom of the solution tank 2. Figure 4 shown.

[0073] The movable fixture 5 is provided with a contact surface on the side opposite to the guide rod 51, which is adapted to the shape of the sample to be tested and the fixture. Figure 5 shown.

[0074] Friction testing machines include reciprocating friction testing machines and rotary friction testing machines.

[0075] The diameter range of the opening 31 is suitable for reciprocating and rotating friction between the sample to be tested and the friction pair.

[0076] For example, the diameter of the opening is 50 mm.

[0077] There are three auxiliary circular holes 32, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential outer side of the opening 31. For example, three auxiliary circular holes 32 are opened around the opening 31 at 120 degrees.

[0078] The auxiliary circular holes are also provided with slots for testing accessories and fixtures thereof. For example, a slot is reserved on each auxiliary circular hole for fixing electrodes and other fixtures.

[0079] The test accessories may include electrochemical test electrodes, current-carrying working electrodes, acid-base pH meters, viscometers or temperature probe couples, etc.

[0080] The cover plate 3 is disposed above the solution tank 2 and in contact with the solution tank 2, or the cover plate 3 is disposed above the solution tank 2 and does not contact the solution tank 2. For example, the cover plate 3 is suspended above the solution tank 2 by external force to apply different friction conditions.

[0081] The first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged symmetrically.

[0082] For example, the cover plate 3 is detachable, the cover plate 3 can be fixed to the solution tank 2, or it can be suspended above the solution tank 2 by external force to adapt to different friction conditions; at the same time, the cover plate 3 can be divided into two from the center and can be re-fixed and assembled into one by a bayonet, and fixed above the solution tank during testing. The center of the cover plate 3 can be combined into an opening 31 with a diameter of about 50 mm for the insertion of the friction pair (or friction fixture). The opening diameter range can be suitable for reciprocating and rotary friction of the sample to be tested. Three auxiliary circular holes 32 are set at 120° around the opening, and a card slot can be reserved on each auxiliary circular hole 32 for fixing electrodes and other fixtures.

[0083] The material of the base 1 can be mold steel. The base 1 is provided with multiple first bolt holes 11 on the relatively outer side of the solution tank 2, which are used to install the base 1 on different types of friction testing machines. It can match most pin-disc or ball-disc friction testing machines and is commonly used for reciprocating friction and rotary friction.

[0084] The liquid tank 2, the cover plate 3, the auxiliary table 4 and the movable sample holder 5 are made of insulating material, and the insulating material is polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon.

[0085] That is, the solution tank 2, the cover plate 3, the auxiliary table 4 and the movable sample holder 5 are all made of insulators such as polytetrafluoroethylene and nylon, and the required sealing parts are all sealed with insulating silicone.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] The method of testing the friction and wear of the hydrogel in a simulated body fluid (mainly composed of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, Tris, sodium bicarbonate, etc.) using the multifunctional integrated friction testing device in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0088] Step (S1): Sample preparation and installation

[0089] Step (S1.1): Select commercially available hydrogel and prepare it into a size of 10 mm*20 mm;

[0090] Step (S1.2): Fix the hydrogel sample by the movable sample holder 5 , and fix the movable sample holder 5 by the locking member 5 (including a bolt hole and a rotating screw matched with the bolt hole) above the auxiliary platform 4 .

[0091] Step (S2): Installation of the multifunctional integrated friction device

[0092] Select a suitable screw hole position of the first bolt hole 11 of the base 1, install the base 1 on the reciprocating friction testing machine, and install the friction test auxiliary mechanism to be tested on the friction testing machine.

[0093] Step (S3): Installation of friction pair

[0094] Step (S3.1): Select a zirconia ball with a diameter of 5 mm and fix it with a rod-shaped clamp;

[0095] Step (S3.2): Install the friction pair and determine the relative position of the friction pair and the sample.

[0096] Step (S4): Preparation of friction environment solution and installation of multifunctional cover plate

[0097] Step (S4.1): Pour the commercially available simulated body fluid into the solution tank, with the liquid level covering the sample but not exceeding two-thirds of the solution tank;

[0098] Step (S4.2): Install the multifunctional cover plate so that the friction pair passes through the center circle and the cover plate is fixed to the solution tank.

[0099] Step (S5): Setting of friction program and start of test, collection of friction data.

[0100] The program was set to friction load of 1 N, friction frequency of 1 Hz, friction stroke of 5 mm, and friction time of 10 min. The friction test started and friction data was collected synchronously.

[0101] The test results are as follows Figure 6 As shown, the test data is very stationary.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] The method of testing the corrosion, friction and wear of titanium alloy in simulated seawater using the multifunctional integrated friction testing device in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0104] Step (S1): Sample preparation and installation

[0105] Step (S1.1): Cut a commercially available TC4 sample with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 8 mm. The sample is sealed with epoxy resin, leaving only the circular surface to be tested. The sample is connected with a thin copper wire and passed through the resin.

[0106] Step (S1.2): Fix the sample by a movable sample holder and adjust the position of the auxiliary stage.

[0107] Step (S2): Installation of the multifunctional integrated friction device

[0108] Select appropriate screw hole positions, install the base 1 on the rotary friction testing machine, and install the friction test auxiliary mechanism to be tested on the friction testing machine.

[0109] Step (S3): Installation of friction pair

[0110] Step (S3.1): Select an alumina ball with a diameter of 6.35 mm and fix it with a rod-shaped clamp.

[0111] Step (S3.2): Install the friction pair and determine the relative position of the friction pair and the sample.

[0112] Step (S4): Preparation of friction environment solution and installation of multifunctional cover plate

[0113] Step (S4.1): prepare a 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution and pour it into a solution tank, with the liquid level covering the sample but not exceeding two-thirds of the solution tank.

[0114] Step (S4.2): Install the multifunctional cover plate so that the friction pair passes through the central circle, and the three auxiliary small circles are respectively connected to the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the auxiliary electrode. The three electrodes are stably fixed on the cover plate through the slots of the small circular holes. The three electrodes are correspondingly connected to the electrochemical workstation, and the cover plate is fixed to the solution tank.

[0115] Step (S5): Setting of friction program and start of test, collection of friction data.

[0116] The open circuit potential was measured, and the program was set to a friction load of 15 N, a friction radius of 7.5 mm, and a friction time of 60 min. The friction test began, and electrochemical and friction data were collected simultaneously.

[0117] The test results are as follows Figure 7, electrochemical Tafel curve and friction coefficient curve can be stably collected.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] The method for testing the friction and wear of tungsten copper alloy under current-carrying conditions using the multifunctional integrated friction testing device in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0120] Step (S1): Sample preparation and installation

[0121] Step (S1.1): Prepare a tungsten-copper alloy with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 5 mm by a powder metallurgy method, wherein the proportion of copper is 20%.

[0122] Step (S1.2): Fix the tungsten copper sample by a movable sample fixture, connect the sample by one end of the copper wire, and lead out the other end for standby use.

[0123] Step (S2): Installation of the multifunctional integrated friction device

[0124] Select appropriate screw hole positions, install the base 1 on the reciprocating friction testing machine, and install the friction test auxiliary mechanism to be tested on the friction testing machine.

[0125] Step (S3): Installation of friction pair

[0126] Step (S3.1): A GCr15 ball with a diameter of 6 mm is selected as a friction pair. The lower end of the fixed friction pair is made of mold steel and connected with a wire. The upper end of the friction rod is made of insulating polytetrafluoroethylene and spliced ​​into one with the metal lower end.

[0127] Step (S3.2): Install the friction pair and determine the relative position of the friction pair and the sample.

[0128] Step (S4): Preparation of friction environment solution and installation of multifunctional cover plate

[0129] Step (S4.1): dry friction is used without introducing environmental liquid.

[0130] Step (S4.2): Install the multifunctional cover plate so that the friction pair passes through the center circle, and the cover plate is fixed to the solution tank. One end of the sample lead is connected to the output end of the DC power supply, and the friction pair lead wire is connected to the input end of the DC power supply to form a conductive loop.

[0131] Step (S5): Setting of friction program and start of test, collection of friction data.

[0132] The program was set to a friction load of 100N, a friction frequency of 15Hz, a friction stroke of 5mm, a friction time of 30min, a constant current mode, a current output value of 10A, the friction test started, and voltage, current and friction data were collected synchronously.

[0133] The test results are as follows Figure 8 As shown, the current is stable during the test and the friction data is normal.

[0134] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional integrated friction testing device, comprising a friction testing machine, characterized in that: The friction tester is provided with a friction test auxiliary mechanism, which comprises a base (1), a solution tank (2), a cover plate (3), an auxiliary table (4) and a movable sample holder (5), wherein the solution tank (2) is arranged on the base (1), the cover plate (3) is arranged on the top of the solution tank (2), and the auxiliary table (4) and the movable sample holder (5) are arranged in the solution tank (2) and are located at the bottom of the solution tank (2); A plurality of first bolt holes (11) are provided on the base (1) at the outer sides relative to the solution tank (2) for mounting the base (1) on friction testing machines of different models; The center of the cover plate (3) is provided with an opening (31) for installing and operating friction fixtures and friction pairs suitable for different types of friction testers, and the cover plate (3) is also provided with a plurality of auxiliary circular holes (32) for installing external test accessories on the circumferential outer side of the opening (31); The cover plate (3) comprises a first cover plate and a second cover plate, wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate are detachably connected; The auxiliary table (4) comprises a bottom plate (41) and a first auxiliary table (42) and a second auxiliary table (43) arranged on both sides of the bottom plate (41) in a relative manner, wherein the first auxiliary table (42) and the second auxiliary table (43) are located above the bottom plate (41) in a height direction to form side-opening mounting grooves (44) between the first auxiliary table (42) and the bottom plate (41) and between the second auxiliary table (43) and the bottom plate (41); The movable sample fixture (5) can be locked and installed in the installation groove (44) through the side opening, and the movable sample fixtures (5) in the two installation grooves (44) can be moved towards each other or separated from each other to clamp different types of samples to be tested and their fixtures; wherein the first auxiliary platform (42) and the second auxiliary platform (43) are provided with locking members, and the locking members can move up and down to press the movable sample fixture (5); The movable sample fixture (5) is provided with a contact surface adapted to the shape of the sample to be tested and the fixture on the side opposite to the guide rod (51); The solution tank (2), the cover plate (3), the auxiliary table (4) and the movable sample holder (5) are made of insulating material, and the insulating material is polytetrafluoroethylene or nylon.

2. The multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide groove (46) extending along the clamping direction of the movable sample fixture (5) is provided in the installation groove, and a guide rod (51) is provided on the movable sample fixture (5). When the movable sample fixture (5) is installed in the installation groove (44), the guide rod (51) extends into the guide groove (46).

3. The multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the guide grooves (46) is more than two, and the more than two guide grooves (46) are arranged at intervals in a direction orthogonal to the clamping direction of the movable sample fixture (5).

4. The multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction tester comprises a reciprocating friction tester and a rotary friction tester, and the diameter range of the opening (31) is suitable for reciprocating and rotary friction between the sample to be tested and the friction pair.

5. The multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three auxiliary circular holes (32), which are evenly distributed along the circumferential outer side of the opening (31).

6. The multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test accessories include electrochemical test electrodes, current-carrying working condition electrodes, acid-base pH meters, viscometers or temperature-detecting thermocouples.

7. The multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (3) is arranged above the solution tank (2) and in contact with the solution tank (2), or the cover plate (3) is arranged above the solution tank (2) and not in contact with the solution tank (2); the first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged symmetrically.

8. A method for performing friction testing using the multifunctional integrated friction testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (S1) Sample preparation and mounting (S1.1) Select the sample to be tested and its fixture (S1.2) Using a movable sample fixture (5) to fix the sample to be tested and its fixture, and adjusting the auxiliary table (4) to change the position; (S2) Installation of auxiliary mechanism for friction test of samples to be tested According to the friction conditions, the installation position of the first bolt hole (11) of the base (1) is selected, and the friction test auxiliary mechanism is installed on the friction test machine; (S3) Installation of friction pair (S3.1) selecting the material type of the rod-shaped clamp according to the friction condition, and fixing the friction pair by the rod-shaped clamp; (S3.2) Install the friction pair and determine the relative position of the friction pair and the sample to be tested; (S4) Preparation of friction environment solution and installation of cover plate (3) (S4.1) Determine whether to prepare a friction environment solution according to the friction conditions. When preparing the friction environment solution, pour the solution into the solution tank (2); (S4.2) installing the cover plate (3) so that the friction pair passes through the central opening (31), and selecting whether the cover plate (3) contacts the solution tank (2) according to the friction condition; (S5) Setting of friction program and start of test, collection of friction data.

9. The friction test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (S2), the friction condition is reciprocating friction or rotary friction; in step (S3.1), the friction pair is a pin or a ball; in step (S4.1), the liquid level of the solution is higher than the sample to be tested but does not exceed two-thirds of the total height of the solution tank (2); in step (S4.2), an external test accessory is installed in the auxiliary circular hole (32) according to the test conditions.

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