Intelligent control method and system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in carriages

Abstract

The present application discloses an intelligent control method and system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in subway cars, wherein the method includes the following steps: obtaining input parameters; constructing an air pollutant transmission model for the subway car, determining the air conditioning filter flow rate and pollutant emission rate; constructing a car pollutant balance model equation, obtaining the pollutant concentration in the car at any time; determining the safety and comfort level according to the pollutant concentration at any time; determining the air conditioning energy consumption of the car according to the input passenger flow, ventilation volume and air conditioning filtration efficiency; determining whether to perform inversion tracing at each moment according to the safety and comfort level and the air conditioning energy consumption of the car; if the car concentration does not meet the requirements of passenger safety and comfort and air conditioning energy consumption, reversely adjust the input parameters. The present application uses a numerical simulation method to simulate and predict changes in pollutant concentrations, and proposes an air conditioning minimum energy consumption tracing inversion method that meets air quality improvement requirements, which helps the rail transit industry to finely control energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of computers, and in particular to an intelligent control method and system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a vehicle compartment. Background Art

[0002] The subway is the most common commuting option for urban residents. Due to the impact of commute times, passenger numbers during peak hours in the morning and evening are tens or even hundreds of times higher than during off-peak hours. Exceeding CO2 levels during these peak hours is common, and high CO2 pollution has adverse health effects. CO2 concentration is also a key indicator of air pollution levels in train cars. Adjusting parameters when CO2 concentrations are high results in unnecessary energy consumption during off-peak hours. However, the parameters of the air circulation system within subway cars are generally fixed throughout the day. Passengers experience chest tightness and shortness of breath during peak hours (due to excessive CO2 concentrations), extreme coldness for those near the air conditioner, and excessive heat for those standing in the middle of the car (due to insufficient recirculation air). Currently, most research focuses on monitoring and simulation of air pollutant concentrations in subway cars, and calculating energy consumption at stations during train operation. However, research on the synergistic relationship between passenger flow, air conditioning parameter control, and energy consumption is lacking.

[0003] Therefore, how to adjust the cabin air conditioning parameter settings according to different passenger flows, study the concentration change patterns of cabin pollutants, and maximize the goal of intelligent energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon reduction while improving passenger comfort in real time has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application proposes an intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in carriages, comprising the following steps: obtaining input parameters; constructing an air pollutant transmission model for a subway carriage based on the input parameters, setting the initial conditions of the model, and determining the air conditioning filter flow rate and the pollutant emission rate; constructing a carriage pollutant balance model equation based on the parameters of the air conditioning filter flow rate, the circulating air efficiency, and the passenger pollutant emission rate, and obtaining the pollutant concentration in the carriage at any time; determining a safety and comfort index based on the pollutant concentration at any time; determining the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage based on the input passenger flow, ventilation volume, and air conditioning filtration efficiency; determining whether to perform inversion tracing at each moment based on the safety and comfort index and the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage; if the safety and comfort index and the air conditioning energy consumption meet the requirements, the process exits; if the two cannot be met at the same time, the input parameters are adjusted in reverse until the safety, comfort, and energy consumption meet the requirements.

[0005] As above, the input parameters include passenger flow physical parameters, pollutant concentration parameters, air conditioning filtration efficiency and circulation efficiency.

[0006] As above, a subway car air pollutant transmission model is constructed based on input parameters, and setting the model initial conditions includes the following sub-steps: setting the model initial conditions; after the model initial conditions are set, determining the air conditioning filter flow rate; after the model initial conditions are set, determining the pollutant emission rate in the parameter car.

[0007] As above, the initial conditions include the train compartment volume, the initial concentration of indoor pollutants, the number of passengers, the filter efficiency and the circulating air efficiency.

[0008] As above, the parameter filter flow rate q0 is specifically expressed as:

[0009] ;

[0010] is the total heat load in the car, is the air density; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, The heat load from outside the car is transmitted into the car. represents the heat transfer coefficient, is the heat transfer area of ​​the carriage, Indicates the temperature difference between inside and outside the car. is the sensible heat dissipated by the passenger's body, q 潜 is the latent heat emitted by the human body, q 显 is the sensible heat coefficient of the human body, N r is the number of passenger flows, The latent heat dissipated by the passenger's body.

[0011] A smart control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage, specifically comprising: an acquisition unit, a construction unit, a pollutant concentration determination unit, a safety and comfort determination unit, an energy consumption determination unit, a judgment unit and an adjustment unit; the acquisition unit is used to obtain input parameters; the construction unit is used to construct an air pollutant transmission model for a subway carriage based on the input parameters, set the initial conditions of the model, and determine the air conditioning filter flow rate and the pollutant emission rate; the pollutant concentration determination unit is used to construct a carriage pollutant balance model equation based on the air conditioning filter flow rate, the circulating air efficiency and the passenger pollutant emission rate, and obtain the pollutant concentration in the carriage at any time; the safety and comfort determination unit is used to determine the safety and comfort index based on the pollutant concentration at any time; the energy consumption determination unit is used to determine the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage based on the input passenger flow, ventilation volume and air conditioning filtration efficiency; the judgment unit is used to determine whether to perform inverse tracing at each time based on the safety and comfort index and the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage; if the safety and comfort index and the air conditioning energy consumption meet the requirements, the process ends, otherwise the adjustment unit reversely adjusts the input parameters until the safety and comfort and energy consumption meet the requirements.

[0012] As mentioned above, the input parameters acquired by the acquisition unit include passenger flow physical parameters, pollutant concentration parameters, air conditioning filtration efficiency and circulation efficiency.

[0013] As above, the construction unit constructs a subway car air pollutant transmission model based on the input parameters, and setting the model initial conditions includes the following sub-steps: setting the model initial conditions; after the model initial conditions are set, determining the air conditioning filter flow rate; after the model initial conditions are set, determining the pollutant emission rate in the parameter car.

[0014] As above, the initial conditions in the construction unit include the train compartment volume, the initial concentration of indoor pollutants, the number of passengers, the filter efficiency and the circulating air filtration efficiency.

[0015] As above, the parameter filter flow rate q0 is specifically expressed as:

[0016] ;

[0017] is the total heat load in the car, is the air density; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, The heat load from outside the car is transmitted into the car. represents the heat transfer coefficient, is the heat transfer area of ​​the carriage, Indicates the temperature difference between inside and outside the car. is the sensible heat dissipated by the passenger's body, q 潜 is the latent heat emitted by the human body, q 显 is the sensible heat coefficient of the human body, N r is the number of passenger flows, The latent heat dissipated by the passenger's body.

[0018] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The application method of this application has a wide range of applications. The specification uses subway cars as an example to illustrate that the method is applicable to the intelligent pollution reduction and carbon reduction control in different places such as public transportation (railways, railways and buses), shopping malls, supermarkets, hospitals, schools, gymnasiums, exhibition halls, museums and office buildings where ventilation equipment is installed and there is flow of people.

[0020] (2) This application constructs a model for the transport of air pollutants in a selected space, forward simulates the changes in air pollutant concentrations under different ventilation and air conditioning settings, and reversely traces the pollutant concentration to a safe and comfortable ventilation and air conditioning setting method. This application aims to continuously improve air quality and collaboratively promote carbon reduction and pollution reduction to support high-quality development of the industry.

[0021] (3) This application combines the selected spatial air pollutant-air conditioning energy consumption coupling model to trace the air conditioning settings that meet the safe and comfortable spatial pollutant concentration, and proposes a method for operating the air conditioner with the lowest energy consumption to achieve air quality improvement, thereby assisting the rail transit industry in fine-grained energy consumption management and control, and promoting the application of intelligent energy-saving and environmental protection optimization technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for intelligent pollution reduction and energy consumption reduction control in a carriage according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle compartment pollutant diffusion simulation model provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The intelligent control method for carriage air quality and air conditioning energy consumption proposed in this application has a wide range of applications. It is suitable for intelligent pollution reduction and carbon reduction in various places, including public transportation (railways, railways, and buses), shopping malls, supermarkets, hospitals, schools, gymnasiums, exhibition halls, museums, and office buildings. The following examples are illustrated using subway carriages as an example.

[0028] In the subway car application scenario, this application aims to simultaneously meet the health and comfort of passengers and the minimum air-conditioning energy consumption, constructs a subway car air pollutant-ventilation and air-conditioning energy consumption coupling model, and proposes an intelligent control scheme for the lowest energy consumption operation of the car ventilation system under the conditions of meeting the safety and comfort thresholds of the car pollutant air quality. Example 1

[0029] This embodiment designs a passenger flow-driven intelligent control method for cabin air quality and air conditioning energy consumption, ensuring that subway cabin air quality meets passenger safety and comfort requirements and that cabin air conditioning operates at the lowest energy consumption. This embodiment addresses the environmental protection aspect of subway system air quality control, focusing on optimizing air conditioning energy consumption within cabin air pollutant safety thresholds. It strives to improve refined energy management within the rail transit industry and, through the promotion of intelligent energy-saving and environmentally friendly solutions, leads the intelligent and low-carbon development of rail transit. Taking into account the distinct passenger flow characteristics of subway carriages during peak and off-peak operating periods, the method simulates changes in cabin air pollutant concentrations by adjusting ventilation and air conditioning airflow, ventilation filtration efficiency, and circulation efficiency. Based on cabin air pollutant concentrations, the method traces the air conditioning input parameters, such as ventilation flow and filtration efficiency, that meet passenger safety and comfort air quality thresholds at a given cabin load factor. Using a subway cabin air pollutant-energy consumption coupled model, given cabin air pollutant safety and comfort concentration thresholds, the method employs a least-squares iterative method to invert the operating mode that minimizes air conditioning energy consumption for a given load factor / passenger number.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Step S110: Obtain input parameters.

[0032] The input parameters include passenger flow physical parameters, pollutant concentration parameters, air conditioning filtration efficiency and circulation efficiency, etc.

[0033] Step S120: Constructing a subway car air pollutant transmission model based on the input parameters, setting the model initial conditions, and determining the air conditioning filter flow rate and pollutant emission rate.

[0034] The air pollutant transmission model constructed is as follows Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment assumes that the subway car is a closed space during travel, and the volume of gases entering and leaving the car is conserved. The change in the car's gas volume is equal to the gas entering the subway car minus the gas leaving the car, plus the source term within the car (i.e., the gas emitted by pollutants entering the car [in this embodiment, the example is pollutants inside the car, i.e., CO2 generated by passengers entering the car]), minus the gas generated by the decay term of pollutants inside the car.

[0035] The gas that enters the subway car includes fresh air from the air conditioner outside the car body and the gas used for circulation in the car.

[0036] The air exiting the vehicle cabin includes the air exhausted from the exhaust fan and the air flowing out of the vehicle cabin for recirculation.

[0037] The pollution source item S in the vehicle cabin is composed of gaseous pollutants generated by passengers. Pollutant indicators include CO2, NO2, CO, VOCs, etc. This embodiment uses CO2 as an example, which refers to the CO2 generated by the human body when passengers are standing or walking in the vehicle cabin.

[0038] This embodiment assumes that the attenuation term R of pollutants in the vehicle compartment is the attenuation of gases emitted by equipment such as seats in the vehicle compartment. To simplify the model, this embodiment assumes that the equipment attenuation is 0.

[0039] Based on the above idea, step S120 specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0040] Step S1201: Set the initial conditions of the model.

[0041] The initial conditions include the required parameters and their specific values, as shown in Table 1.

[0042] Table 1 Pollutant model parameter settings

[0043]

[0044] Step S1202: After the model initial conditions are set, the air conditioning filter flow rate is determined.

[0045] The air conditioning filter flow rate q0 is the air supply volume per unit time, which is related to parameters such as the total heat load of the compartment and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the compartment.

[0046] ;①

[0047] in: The total heat load in the car is derived from the heat inflow from the outside of the car body and the passenger flow in the car. The heat load generated by the passenger flow in the car is composed of the sensible heat load of the human body and the latent heat load. The heat load from outside the car to the car through air conditioning ventilation, including the heat from the tunnel, station and other external spaces into the car, and the heat transfer coefficient , Carriage heat transfer area The temperature difference between inside and outside the car heat transfer coefficient The values ​​are shown in Table 2. The heat transfer area of ​​the carriage is related to the type of subway car and is usually a fixed value. is the air density; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, and The values ​​are shown in Table 2. is the sensible heat dissipated by the passenger's body and the sensible heat coefficient q 显 and passenger flow number N r related. is the latent heat emitted by the passenger's body, and the latent heat coefficient q 潜 and passenger flow number N r The selection of sensible heat and latent heat coefficients is shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 2 Carriage heat load calculation parameters

[0049]

[0050] Step S1203: After the initial model conditions are set, the pollutant emission rate in the parameter compartment is determined.

[0051] Assuming that there are no other pollution sources such as combustion devices in the subway car, the pollutants in the car come from the emission rate of passengers, which is related to factors such as the number of passengers, human metabolic entropy, height, and weight. Calculate by formula ②:

[0052] ;②

[0053] Where, represents the number of passengers at time t; Rmetabolic represents the metabolic entropy of passengers; Indicates the passenger's height; Indicates the passenger's weight; Indicates passenger body activity rate; Indicates the passenger body surface area.

[0054] in The specific value of is obtained based on the real-time monitoring of the carriage; R, 、 、 、 The values ​​are shown in Table 3. Parameter settings related to subway passengers.

[0055] Table 3 Subway passenger related parameter settings

[0056]

[0057] Step S130: Based on the model initial conditions, the air conditioning filter flow rate, the circulating air efficiency, and the pollutant emission rate, a vehicle cabin pollutant balance model equation is constructed to obtain the pollutant concentration in the vehicle cabin at any time.

[0058] The carriage pollutant balance model equation is expressed as:

[0059] ; ③

[0060] Among them, C iis the concentration of pollutants in the car, V is the car volume; q0 is the filter flow rate, fan parameters, and air conditioning air supply volume per unit time; q1 is the circulation air flow rate, which is related to wind speed and air conditioning circulation air volume per unit time; C0 is the initial concentration of pollutants in the car; F0 is the ventilation filtration efficiency; F1 is the circulation efficiency; is the emission rate of the pollution source; R is the attenuation of the gas emitted by the seats and other equipment in the car. This model assumes .

[0061] In this embodiment, the circulating air flow rate per unit time is ,in The value is [0,1].

[0062] Step S140: Determine the safety and comfort index according to the pollutant concentration at any time.

[0063] Based on the given initial concentration of air pollutant CO2 C0, the CO2 concentration in the carriage at any time is determined using the carriage pollutant balance model equation ③ under different passenger flow and air conditioning settings.

[0064] Refer to the safety and comfort levels shown in Table 4 to determine the safety and comfort of passengers under different CO2 concentration conditions. For example, when the CO2 volume fraction is in the range of [0, 0.0485], the safety and comfort level of the CO2 concentration in the car is determined to be green, and the safety and comfort index is in the very safe and comfortable range, which means it is suitable for riding.

[0065] According to the pollutant balance equation ③, the air conditioning filtration efficiency F0, circulation efficiency F1, passenger flow And any one or several of the air-conditioning supply volume q0 can be traced back to the given range of several other parameters to achieve the pollutant concentration within the set safety and comfort threshold.

[0066] For example, the initial value of the cabin pollutant concentration and the cabin air conditioning filter filtration efficiency F0, circulating air filtration efficiency F1, and passenger flow can be used to calculate the cabin air quality. Any three of the four parameters, such as the initial value of the cabin pollutant concentration and the cabin air conditioning filter filtration efficiency F0, circulating air filtration efficiency F1, and passenger flow, are given. , the safe and comfortable range of cabin pollutant concentration under different air-conditioning air supply volume q0 can be traced back (green, orange, yellow, red and dark red); or by giving the initial value of cabin pollutant concentration, circulation efficiency F1, passenger flow and the air supply volume q0 of the air conditioner, tracing back to achieve a safe and comfortable range (green, orange, yellow, red and dark red) of cabin pollutant concentration under different filtration efficiencies F0 of the air conditioner circulating air.

[0067] Table 4 Passenger safety and comfort judgment under different CO2 concentration conditions

[0068]

[0069] Step S150: Determine the air conditioning energy consumption of the compartment based on the input passenger flow, ventilation volume, and air conditioning filtration efficiency.

[0070] The real-time energy consumption of cabin air conditioning is related to the air supply volume, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fan, the efficiency of the air conditioning fan and the air conditioning operation time.

[0071] The air-conditioning air supply volume per unit time is related to the compartment heat load, and the compartment heat load is directly related to the number of passengers in the compartment (as described in step S1202). In this way, by establishing the "passenger flow - compartment heat load - air-conditioning air supply volume - compartment power consumption" calculation main line, the compartment air-conditioning power consumption driven by different passenger flows can be calculated, as described in formula ④.

[0072] According to the air supply volume per unit time of the carriage, calculate the power consumption of the carriage air conditioner under different air volume conditions :

[0073] ④

[0074] Among them, air conditioning power consumption The unit is kWh; q0 represents the air supply volume per unit time. The model assumes that the air supply volume of the cabin air conditioner is the fresh air volume of the cabin air conditioner. The unit is m 3 / s, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air conditioner is expressed by the average pressure difference of the air conditioner, that is, the average pressure difference of the air conditioner pass calculate; To simplify the model, this embodiment assumes that the ventilation and air conditioning fan efficiency is consistent with the air conditioning filter efficiency. It is the running time of the cabin air conditioner, in hours.

[0075] Step S160: Determine whether inversion tracing is required at different calculation times based on the safety and comfort level and the air conditioning energy consumption of the vehicle compartment.

[0076] The combined models ① to ④ construct a coupled model of cabin air pollutants and air conditioning energy consumption, which is specifically expressed as follows:

[0077] ⑤

[0078] The air conditioning energy consumption under different pollutant concentration conditions in the cabin is simulated and calculated by the cabin air pollutant-air conditioning energy consumption coupling model. If the cabin concentration meets the passenger safety and comfort requirements and is determined to be within the very safe threshold range, and the air conditioning energy consumption meets the optimal requirements, it is considered that both meet the requirements, and the process ends at the current moment. If the two cannot be met at the same time, it is considered that inversion tracing is required, and step S170 is executed.

[0079] The air conditioning energy consumption meets the optimal requirements, that is, the air conditioning energy consumption is the minimum energy consumption that fits within the comfortable range of pollutant concentration.

[0080] Step S170: Reversely adjust the input parameters.

[0081] Reversely adjust input parameters, provide parameter adjustment solutions for users to choose, and intelligently adjust input parameters.

[0082] The pollutant concentration requirement range is set, such as the CO2 volume fraction threshold that meets the safety and comfort requirements mentioned above. Using the coupling model ⑤, a certain energy consumption value range is set, and the parameter value with the minimum air conditioning energy consumption value is iteratively selected.

[0083] Specifically, the nonlinear least squares method is used to invert the input parameters that meet the requirements of optimal air conditioning energy consumption and pollutant concentration within the safe and comfortable range threshold under a certain passenger flow condition. That is, the inversion and tracing are used to adjust the input parameters of the air conditioning filter efficiency F0, the circulating air filtration efficiency F1, or one or two to three of the air conditioning supply air volume q0 in real time, and the cycle is re-entered until the air conditioning energy consumption meets the optimal requirements and the pollutant concentration meets the safe and comfortable range threshold. The process ends.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a vehicle cabin, which specifically includes: an acquisition unit 301, a construction unit 302, a pollutant concentration determination unit 303, a safety and comfort determination unit 304, an energy consumption determination unit 305, a judgment unit 306 and a control unit 307.

[0086] The acquisition unit 301 is used to acquire input parameters.

[0087] The input parameters include passenger flow physical parameters, pollutant concentration parameters, ventilation filtration efficiency and circulation efficiency, etc.

[0088] The construction unit 302 is used to construct a subway car air pollutant transmission model according to the input parameters.

[0089] This example assumes that a subway car is a closed space during travel, and the volume of gases entering and leaving the car is conserved. The change in the car's gas volume is equal to the gas entering the subway car minus the gas leaving the car, plus the source term within the car (i.e., the gas emitted by pollutants entering the car [in this example, CO2 generated by passengers entering the car]), minus the gas generated by the decay term of pollutants within the car.

[0090] The gas that enters the subway car includes fresh air from the air conditioner outside the car body and the gas used for circulation in the car.

[0091] The air flowing out of the vehicle cabin includes the air exhausted from the exhaust fan and the air recirculated out of the vehicle cabin.

[0092] The pollution source item S in the vehicle cabin is composed of gaseous pollutants generated by passengers. Pollutant indicators include CO2, NO2, CO, VOCs, etc. This embodiment uses CO2 as an example, which refers to the CO2 generated by the human body when passengers are standing or walking in the vehicle cabin.

[0093] The model set in this embodiment assumes that the attenuation term R of pollutants in the vehicle compartment is the attenuation of gases emitted by equipment such as seats in the vehicle compartment. To simplify the model, this embodiment assumes that the attenuation of gases emitted by equipment in the vehicle compartment is 0.

[0094] Based on the above idea, the construction unit 302 specifically performs the following sub-steps:

[0095] Step T1: Set the initial conditions of the model.

[0096] The initial conditions include the required parameters and their specific values, as shown in Table 1.

[0097] Table 1 Pollutant model parameter settings

[0098]

[0099] Step T2: After the initial conditions of the model are set, determine the air conditioning filter flow rate / air conditioning air volume.

[0100] The air conditioning filter flow rate q0 is the air supply volume per unit time, which is related to the total heat load of the compartment, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the compartment, and other parameters. ①

[0101] in: is the total heat load in the car, is the air density; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, and The values ​​are shown in Table 2. The heat load of a subway car comes from the heat inflow from the outside of the car body and the passenger flow in the car. The heat load from outside the car to the inside of the car, including the heat from the tunnel, station and other external spaces of the car, and the heat transfer coefficient , Carriage heat transfer area The temperature difference between inside and outside the car heat transfer coefficient The values ​​are shown in Table 2. The heat transfer area of ​​a train carriage is related to the type of subway vehicle and is usually a fixed value. The heat load generated by passenger flow in the carriage consists of two parts: sensible heat load from the human body and latent heat load. is the sensible heat dissipated by the passenger's body and the sensible heat coefficient q 显 and passenger flow number N r related; is the latent heat emitted by the passenger's body, and the latent heat coefficient q 潜 and passenger flow number N r The selection of sensible heat and latent heat coefficients is shown in Table 2.

[0102] Table 2 Carriage heat load calculation parameters

[0103]

[0104] Step T3: After the initial conditions of the model are set, the pollutant emission rate in the parameter compartment is determined.

[0105] Assuming that there are no other pollution sources such as combustion devices in the subway car, the pollutants in the car come from the emission rate of passengers, which is related to factors such as the number of passengers, human metabolic entropy, height, and weight. Calculate by formula ②:

[0106] ②

[0107] Where, represents the number of passengers at time t; Rmetabolic represents the metabolic entropy of passengers; Indicates the passenger's height; Indicates the passenger's weight; Indicates passenger body activity rate; Indicates the passenger body surface area.

[0108] in The range of is the passenger flow range of the carriage in Table 1, and the specific value is obtained based on the real-time monitoring of the carriage; R, 、 、 、 The values ​​are shown in Table 3. Parameter settings related to subway passengers.

[0109] Table 3 Subway passenger related parameter settings

[0110]

[0111] The pollutant concentration determination unit 303 is used to construct a cabin pollutant balance model equation based on the model initial conditions, air conditioning filter flow rate, circulating air efficiency, and passenger pollutant emission rate to obtain the pollutant concentration in the cabin at any time.

[0112] The carriage pollutant balance model equation is expressed as:

[0113] ③

[0114] Among them, C i is the concentration of pollutants in the car, V is the car volume; q0 is the filter flow rate, fan parameters, and air conditioning air supply volume per unit time; q1 is the circulating air flow rate, which is related to wind speed and air conditioning circulating air volume per unit time; C0 is the initial concentration of pollutants in the car; F0 is the filtration efficiency of the air conditioning filter; F1 is the circulation efficiency; is the emission rate of the pollution source in the car; R is the attenuation rate of pollutants generated by the facilities in the car. This model assumes .

[0115] In this embodiment, the circulating air flow rate per unit time is ,in The value is [0,1].

[0116] The safety and comfort determination unit 304 is used to determine the safety and comfort level according to the pollutant concentration at any time. Based on the given initial concentration C0 of the air pollutant CO2, the CO2 concentration in the car at any time is determined using the car pollutant balance model equation ③. As shown in Table 4, the safety and comfort level of passengers under different CO2 concentration conditions is determined. For example, when the CO2 volume fraction is in the range of [0, 0.0485], the safety and comfort level of the CO2 concentration in the car is determined to be green, which belongs to the very safe and comfortable range, and the comfort index is suitable for riding. According to the pollutant balance equation ③, the air conditioning arbitrary filtration efficiency F0, circulation efficiency F1, passenger flow And any one or several of the air-conditioning supply volume q0 can be traced back to the given range of several other parameters to achieve the pollutant concentration within the set safety and comfort threshold.

[0117] For example, the initial value of the cabin pollutant concentration and the cabin air conditioning filtration efficiency F0, circulation efficiency F1, and passenger flow can be used to calculate the cabin air conditioning filtration efficiency F0, circulation efficiency F1, and passenger flow. Any three of the four parameters, such as the initial value of the cabin pollutant concentration and the cabin air conditioning filter efficiency F0, circulation efficiency F1, and passenger flow, are given. , the safe and comfortable range of cabin pollutant concentration under different air-conditioning air supply volume q0 can be traced back (green, orange, yellow, red and dark red); or by giving the initial value of cabin pollutant concentration, circulation efficiency F1, passenger flow and the air supply volume q0 of the air conditioner, tracing back to achieve a safe and comfortable range (green, orange, yellow, red and dark red) of cabin pollutant concentration under different air conditioning filtration efficiency F0 conditions.

[0118] Table 4 Passenger safety and comfort judgment under different CO2 concentration conditions

[0119]

[0120] The energy consumption determination unit 305 is used to determine the air conditioning energy consumption of the compartment according to the input passenger flow, ventilation volume and filtration efficiency.

[0121] The real-time energy consumption of the cabin air conditioner is related to the air supply volume, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fan, the efficiency of the air conditioner fan and the operating time of the air conditioner.

[0122] Among them, the air supply volume of the air conditioner is related to the heat load in the car, and the heat load in the car is directly related to the number of passengers in the car (as described in step S1202). In this way, by establishing the "passenger flow - car heat load - air supply volume of the air conditioner - car power consumption" calculation main line, the power consumption of the car air conditioner driven by different passenger flows in the car can be calculated, as described in formula ④.

[0123] According to the air supply volume per unit time of the carriage, calculate the power consumption of the carriage air conditioner under different air supply volume conditions :

[0124] ④

[0125] Among them, air conditioning power consumption The unit is kWh; q0 represents the air supply volume of the vehicle air conditioner. The model assumes that the air supply volume of the cabin air conditioner is the fresh air volume of the cabin air conditioner. The unit is m 3 / s; the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air conditioner is expressed by the average pressure difference of the air conditioner, that is pass calculate; Indicates the efficiency of the air conditioning fan; to simplify the model, the model assumes that the ventilation and air conditioning fan efficiency is equal to the air conditioning filter efficiency consistent. It is the running time of the cabin air conditioner, in hours.

[0126] The judgment unit 306 is used to determine whether to perform inversion tracing at each moment based on the safety and comfort level and the air-conditioning energy consumption of the vehicle compartment.

[0127] Combined models ① to ④, we construct the cabin air pollutant-air conditioning energy consumption coupling model ⑤:

[0128] ⑤

[0129] The air conditioning energy consumption under different pollutant concentration conditions in the cabin is simulated and calculated by the cabin air pollutant-air conditioning energy consumption coupling model. If the cabin concentration meets the passenger safety and comfort level and is in the very safe threshold range, and the air conditioning energy consumption meets the optimal requirements, that is, the air conditioning energy consumption is the minimum energy consumption value that fits within the comfortable range of pollutant concentration, then the process ends at the current moment. If the two cannot be met at the same time, the adjustment unit 307 is executed.

[0130] The adjustment unit 307 is used to reversely adjust the input parameters.

[0131] Reversely adjust input parameters, provide parameter adjustment solutions for users to choose, and intelligently adjust input parameters.

[0132] The pollutant concentration requirement range is set, such as the CO2 volume fraction threshold that meets the safety and comfort requirements mentioned above. Using the coupling model ⑤, a certain energy consumption value range is set, and the parameter value with the minimum air conditioning energy consumption value is iteratively selected.

[0133] Specifically, the nonlinear least squares method is used to invert the input parameters that meet the requirements of optimal air conditioning energy consumption and pollutant concentration within the safe and comfortable range threshold under a certain passenger flow condition. That is, the inversion and tracing are used to adjust the input parameters of the air conditioning filter efficiency F0, the circulating air filtration efficiency F1, or one or two to three of the air conditioning supply air volume q0 in real time, and the cycle is re-entered until the air conditioning energy consumption meets the optimal requirements and the pollutant concentration meets the safe and comfortable range threshold. The process ends.

[0134] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0135] (1) This application uses numerical simulation methods to simulate changes in pollutant concentrations and predict air conditioning energy consumption, which can effectively achieve coordinated control of pollutant reduction and energy consumption in subway cars.

[0136] (2) This application constructs a model for the transport of air pollutants in a selected space, forward simulates the changes in air pollutant concentrations under different ventilation and air conditioning settings, and reversely traces the pollutant concentration to a safe and comfortable ventilation and air conditioning setting method. This application aims to continuously improve air quality and collaboratively promote carbon reduction and pollution reduction to support high-quality development of the industry.

[0137] (3) This application combines the selected spatial air pollutant-air conditioning energy consumption coupling model to trace the air conditioning settings that meet the safe and comfortable spatial pollutant concentration, and proposes a method for operating the air conditioner with the lowest energy consumption to achieve air quality improvement, thereby assisting the rail transit industry in fine-grained energy consumption management and control, and promoting the application of intelligent energy-saving and environmental protection optimization technologies.

[0138] Although the present application has been described with reference to examples, this is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the present application, and changes, additions and / or deletions to the embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present application.

[0139] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Get input parameters; Based on the input parameters, a subway car air pollutant transmission model was constructed, the model initial conditions were set, and the air conditioning filter flow rate and pollutant emission rate were determined; Based on the parameters of air conditioning filter flow rate, circulating air efficiency, and passenger pollutant emission rate, a cabin pollutant balance model equation is constructed to obtain the pollutant concentration in the cabin at any time. Determine safety and comfort indicators based on pollutant concentrations at any time; Determine the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage based on the input passenger flow, ventilation volume and air conditioning filtration efficiency; Determine whether to perform back-tracing at each moment based on safety and comfort indicators and the air conditioning energy consumption in the carriage; If the safety and comfort index and air conditioning energy consumption meet the requirements, the process will exit. If the two cannot be met at the same time, the input parameters will be adjusted in the opposite direction until the safety, comfort and energy consumption meet the requirements. The carriage pollutant balance model equation is expressed as: ； C i is the concentration of pollutants in the car, V is the car volume; q0 is the filter flow rate, fan parameters, and air conditioning air supply per unit time; q1 is the circulating air flow rate; C0 is the initial concentration of pollutants in the car; F0 is the ventilation and filtration efficiency; F1 is the circulation efficiency; is the emission rate of the pollution source; R is the attenuation of the gas emitted by the seat equipment in the car.

2. The intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Input parameters include passenger flow physical parameters, pollutant concentration parameters, air conditioning filtration efficiency and circulation efficiency.

3. The intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 2, characterized in that: Constructing a subway car air pollutant transport model based on the input parameters and setting the model initial conditions includes the following sub-steps: Set the initial conditions of the model; After the initial conditions of the model are set, the air conditioning filter flow rate is determined; After the initial conditions of the model are set, the pollutant emission rate in the parameter compartment is determined.

4. The intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The initial conditions include the volume of the train compartment, the initial concentration of indoor pollutants, the number of passengers, the filter efficiency, and the circulating air filtration efficiency.

5. The intelligent control method for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The parameter filter flow rate q0 is specifically expressed as: ； is the total heat load in the car, is the air density; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, The heat load from outside the car is transmitted into the car. represents the heat transfer coefficient, is the heat transfer area of ​​the carriage, Indicates the temperature difference between inside and outside the car. is the sensible heat dissipated by the passenger's body, q 潜 is the latent heat emitted by the human body, q 显 is the sensible heat coefficient of the human body, N r is the number of passenger flows, The latent heat dissipated by the passenger's body.

6. An intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage, characterized in that: Specifically include: an acquisition unit, a construction unit, a pollutant concentration determination unit, a safety and comfort determination unit, an energy consumption determination unit, a judgment unit, and an adjustment unit; An acquisition unit, used to obtain input parameters; a construction unit for constructing a subway car air pollutant transmission model based on input parameters, setting the model initial conditions, and determining the air conditioning filter flow rate and pollutant emission rate; A pollutant concentration determination unit is used to construct a cabin pollutant balance model equation based on the air conditioning filter flow rate, circulating air efficiency, and passenger pollutant emission rate to obtain the pollutant concentration in the cabin at any time; A safety and comfort determination unit, used to determine a safety and comfort index according to the pollutant concentration at any time; An energy consumption determination unit, used to determine the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage based on the input passenger flow, ventilation volume and air conditioning filtration efficiency; A judgment unit is used to determine whether to perform inversion tracing at each moment based on the safety and comfort index and the air conditioning energy consumption of the carriage; If the safety and comfort index and air conditioning energy consumption meet the requirements, the process ends. Otherwise, the adjustment unit adjusts the input parameters in the opposite direction until the safety, comfort and energy consumption meet the requirements. The carriage pollutant balance model equation constructed by the pollutant concentration determination unit is expressed as: ； C i is the concentration of pollutants in the car, V is the car volume; q0 is the filter flow rate, fan parameters, and air conditioning air supply per unit time; q1 is the circulating air flow rate; C0 is the initial concentration of pollutants in the car; F0 is the ventilation and filtration efficiency; F1 is the circulation efficiency; is the emission rate of the pollution source; R is the attenuation of the gas emitted by the seat equipment in the car.

7. The intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The input parameters acquired by the acquisition unit include passenger flow physical parameters, pollutant concentration parameters, air conditioning filtration efficiency and circulation efficiency.

8. The intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 7, characterized in that: The construction unit constructs a subway car air pollutant transmission model based on the input parameters. Setting the model initial conditions includes the following sub-steps: Set the initial conditions of the model; After the initial conditions of the model are set, the air conditioning filter flow rate is determined; After the initial conditions of the model are set, the pollutant emission rate in the parameter compartment is determined.

9. The intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The initial conditions in the construction unit include the volume of the train compartment, the initial concentration of indoor pollutants, the number of passengers, the filter efficiency, and the circulating air filtration efficiency.

10. The intelligent control system for reducing pollution and energy consumption in a carriage according to claim 8, characterized in that: The parameter filter flow rate q0 is specifically expressed as: ； is the total heat load in the car, is the air density; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, The heat load from outside the car is transmitted into the car. represents the heat transfer coefficient, is the heat transfer area of ​​the carriage, Indicates the temperature difference between inside and outside the car. is the sensible heat dissipated by the passenger's body, q 潜 is the latent heat emitted by the human body, q 显 is the sensible heat coefficient of the human body, N r is the number of passenger flows, The latent heat dissipated by the passenger's body.

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