A cultivation method suitable for single-headed garlic in high altitude areas

Abstract

The present invention provides a cultivation method for single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas, and belongs to the field of crop cultivation technology. The cultivation method of the present invention comprises the following steps: drying after harvesting the last crop of garlic seeds, storing at room temperature for 100-120 days after drying, and sowing in late October; the garlic heads of the garlic seeds are small and medium-sized, and the weight of the garlic cloves is 1.5-2.5g. The present invention is aimed at the characteristics of obvious three-dimensional climate characteristics in high-altitude areas, and the temperature and light change greatly with the altitude and terrain. Suitable garlic seed storage conditions, sowing period and garlic seed variety characteristics are selected, which can improve the commerciality, single garlic rate and yield of single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a cultivation method suitable for single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas. Background Art

[0002] Single-headed garlic has a high commodity value in the market due to its unique garlic shape and rich nutrition. However, when garlic is cultivated in high-altitude areas, many challenges are faced, which seriously affect the commerciality of single-headed garlic. The climate in high-altitude areas is cold, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the soil conditions are relatively complex, which has an adverse effect on the growth and development of garlic. Patent CN115299305 A has developed a single-headed garlic production method for the Chengdu Plain area, which has a certain reference significance for the production of single-headed garlic in plateau areas. However, there are huge differences in climatic conditions such as temperature and light between the plateau and the plain. The technical details of the garlic clove weight, sowing period, and fertilization management described in the patent are not suitable for the production of single-headed garlic in plateau areas. Therefore, when the traditional garlic cultivation method is applied in high-altitude areas, problems such as low yield, unstable quality, different sizes, and irregular appearance of single-headed garlic often occur (taking the western Sichuan plateau as an example, the productivity of single-headed garlic is generally within 10%).

[0003] In terms of yield, due to the particularity of the high-altitude environment, garlic growth is inhibited, resulting in a low rate of single-headed garlic, and the yield per unit area is difficult to meet market demand. In terms of quality, the low temperature and large temperature difference in high-altitude areas may result in insufficient accumulation of nutrients in single-headed garlic and poor quality. In addition, the size and appearance of single-headed garlic are also important factors affecting its commercial value. Single-headed garlic of different sizes and irregular shapes is not only difficult to standardize packaging and sales, but also greatly reduces its attractiveness in the market, reducing its economic value.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve the commercial value of single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas, meet market demand, and increase the economic benefits of growers, it is particularly urgent and important to develop a single-headed garlic cultivation method suitable for high-altitude areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method suitable for the production of single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas, so as to improve the commercial quality, single-headed garlic rate and yield of single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A cultivation method suitable for producing single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas comprises the following steps: drying the garlic seeds of the previous crop after harvesting, storing them at room temperature for 100-120 days after drying, and sowing them in late October; the garlic heads of the garlic seeds are of small and medium grade, and the weight of the garlic cloves is 1.5-2.5g.

[0008] Preferably, the previous garlic seeds are harvested in April-May and dried in the sun for 1-2 months until the moisture content of the garlic bulbs reaches 65%-75%.

[0009] Preferably, the garlic seeds are selected from 'Hongqixing' or 'Yundingzao'.

[0010] Preferably, the storage temperature is 18-28°C.

[0011] Preferably, the sowing and planting site is selected at an altitude of 2000-3000m, facing the sun and with sandy loam or loam.

[0012] Preferably, during the sowing, the garlic seed row spacing is 13-14 cm, the plant spacing is 5-6 cm, and the planting density is 74,000-103,000 plants / mu.

[0013] Preferably, during the sowing, furrows are opened for sowing with a depth of 5-6 cm, and the seeds are covered with soil and then watered thoroughly.

[0014] Preferably, water and fertilizer management is also included: after the garlic seedlings are fully grown, the soil moisture is maintained at 85%-90%; watering is stopped when the ground temperature is ≤0°C; after the beginning of spring of the following year, the soil moisture is maintained at 85%-90%; basal fertilizer is applied at 1-3t / mu of organic fertilizer and 40-50kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; in the early stage of garlic bulb expansion, high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is applied at 10-15kg / mu, and trace element fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer are used as auxiliary for root irrigation.

[0015] Preferably, the method also includes pest and disease control: before sowing, 10% thiamethoxam or 0.5% avermectin granules 3-5kg / mu to control root-knot nematodes; after sowing and before emergence, spray 33% pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate 125-150mL / mu and 24% oxyfluorfen emulsifiable concentrate 40-50mL / mu to control weeds; during the growth period, 0.06% sterol microemulsion 500-600 times diluted or 2% amino oligosaccharide + 6% ningnanmycin soluble concentrate 800-1000 times diluted to control viral diseases; 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500-600 times diluted to control leaf blight; 64% oxazolidinone·mancozeb wettable powder 400-600 times diluted or 25% pyraclostrobin suspension 1500-2000 times diluted to control purple spot disease.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a cultivation method suitable for the production of single-headed garlic in high-altitude areas. The selected garlic varieties are suitable for planting and production in high-altitude areas, have a high single-head rate, and are good in commercial quality. The garlic is sown in late October to reduce the bolting rate of garlic, promote the formation of single-headed garlic, and ensure the yield of single-headed garlic. In addition, compared with plain areas, the sowing date of the present invention has greatly delayed the sowing date of garlic, and the garlic seeds have fully completed the dormancy stage, and there is no need to break the dormancy of the garlic seeds through cold storage, thereby reducing the production cost of single-headed garlic. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention discloses a cultivation method for single-headed garlic suitable for high-altitude areas, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting garlic seeds; (2) selecting plots of land; (3) treating base fertilizer and soil; (4) sowing at an appropriate time; (5) treating seeds; (6) planting density; (7) field planting management; (8) controlling pests and diseases; and (9) harvesting.

[0019] In the present invention, the garlic seeds are selected from the varieties with small and medium-sized garlic heads and garlic clove weight of 1.5-2.5g, and are further selected from 'Hongqixing' or 'Yundingzao'. When different garlic varieties are planted in high-altitude areas, the single-head rate and growth size of single-head garlic are different. Compared with other garlic varieties, 'Hongqixing' and 'Yundingzao' have fewer cloves, a high single-head rate, and a high rate of three-level single-head garlic, that is, high commercial quality. It is more preferred to keep garlic heads with full heads, no damage, and no diseases as garlic seeds.

[0020] In the present invention, the last crop of garlic seeds are dried after harvesting, and then stored at room temperature for 100-120 days; preferably, the last crop of garlic seeds are harvested in April-May and dried for 1-2 months until the moisture content of the garlic heads reaches 65%-75%, and more preferably until the moisture content of the garlic heads reaches 70%; more preferably, the storage temperature is 18-28°C, and ventilation and rain protection are maintained during storage.

[0021] In the present invention, the preferred sowing and planting site is selected to be sandy loam or loam at an altitude of 2000-3000m and facing the sun. As an implementable embodiment, the present invention is to cultivate and produce single-headed garlic in the high-altitude area of ​​western Sichuan.

[0022] In the present invention, it is preferred that 1-3 t / mu of organic fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, and 2 t / mu is further preferred, and 40-50 kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is further preferred, and 45 kg / mu is further preferred. The present invention does not specifically limit the specific sources of organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. As an implementable method, organic fertilizer and garlic-specific nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (N: P2O5: K2O = 15: 15: 15) can be directly purchased from the market. It is preferred that 10% thiazophos or 0.5% avermectin granules are used to treat the soil at 3-5 kg / mu to prevent and control root-knot nematodes during the same period, and 4 kg / mu is further preferred.

[0023] In the present invention, garlic seeds are sown in late October, preferably from October 25 to October 31. In high altitude areas, if the sowing period is too early, the garlic bolting rate is high, which is not conducive to the formation of single-headed garlic; if the sowing period is too late, although the single-headed garlic rate is high, the yield decreases significantly, reducing the yield by nearly half.

[0024] In the present invention, it is preferred that the garlic cloves are peeled with a garlic splitter before sowing, and the garlic cloves are graded, and the garlic cloves with a weight less than 1.0 g / piece are not used.

[0025] In the present invention, preferably, during sowing, the garlic seed row spacing is 13-14 cm, the plant spacing is 5-6 cm, and the planting density is 74,000-103,000 plants / mu.

[0026] In the present invention, preferably, when sowing, furrows are opened for sowing with a depth of 5-6 cm, and the seeds are covered with soil and then watered thoroughly; further preferably, 2-3 days later, 125-150 mL / mu of 33% pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate and 40-50 mL / mu of 24% oxyfluorfen emulsifiable concentrate are sprayed to control early weeds, and 140 mL / mu of 33% pendimethalin emulsifiable concentrate and 45 mL / mu of 24% oxyfluorfen emulsifiable concentrate are sprayed more preferably. Preferably, after sowing and seedlings are fully grown, timely watering is performed to maintain soil moisture of 85%-95%, and more preferably 88%; preferably, during the period from early December to the beginning of spring in February, the ground temperature drops below 0°C and watering is prohibited; preferably, after the beginning of spring in early February, soil moisture is maintained at 85%-90%; preferably, topdressing is started at the early stage of garlic bulb expansion, and 10-15kg / mu of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is applied, and 12.5kg / mu is further preferred, while auxiliary amino acid fertilizer + trace element fertilizer is used for root irrigation, and root irrigation is further preferred 3-4 times, and more preferably 2-3L / mu. The present invention does not particularly limit the specific sources of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, amino acid fertilizer and trace element fertilizer. As an implementable method, high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is N:P2O5:K2O=11:6:41+TE product.

[0027] In the present invention, virus disease, leaf blight and purple spot disease are preferably controlled, including: during the growth period, spraying 500-600 times of 0.06% sterol microemulsion or 800-1000 times of 2% amino oligosaccharide + 6% ningnanmycin soluble solution to control virus disease; spraying 500-600 times of 75% thiocarb wettable powder to control leaf blight; spraying 400-600 times of 64% oxazolidinone·manganese zinc wettable powder or 1500-2000 times of 25% pyraclostrobin suspension to control purple spot disease.

[0028] In the present invention, it is preferred that the garlic be harvested in late May when the leaves at the bottom of the garlic plant turn yellow, the total number of leaves reaches 7-8, and the pseudostems are fully expanded.

[0029] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1

[0030] A cultivation method for single-headed garlic suitable for high altitude areas, the steps are as follows:

[0031] (1) Garlic selection: Select red seven-star garlic with full, undamaged and disease-free cloves, small to medium-sized heads, and clove weight of 1.5-2.0g. Harvest in April, dry in May until the moisture content of the garlic is 70%, and store at room temperature of 20℃ in a ventilated and rain-proof place for 110 days.

[0032] (2) Site selection: Cultivation is carried out in sandy loam plots facing the sunny mountain side at an altitude of 2500m in the high altitude area of ​​western Sichuan.

[0033] (3) Base fertilizer and soil treatment: Apply 2 t / mu of organic fertilizer and 45 kg / mu of triple compound fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15); treat the soil with 4 kg / mu of 10% thiazophos granules to prevent and control root-knot nematodes.

[0034] (4) Sowing at the appropriate time: October 25th.

[0035] (5) Seed treatment: Before sowing garlic seeds, peel the garlic cloves with a garlic clove separator and grade them. Discard those with a weight less than 1.0 g per clove.

[0036] (6) Planting density: row spacing 13.5 cm, plant spacing 5.5 cm, and 90,000 plants per mu.

[0037] (7) Field planting management: Dig furrows according to the row spacing for sowing, with a depth of 5.5 cm. Place the prepared garlic seeds in the furrows, cover with soil, and water thoroughly. After an interval of 2 days, spray the herbicide 33% pendimethalin EC 135 mL / mu and 24% oxyfluorfen EC 45 mL / mu to prevent early weeds. After sowing, water in time to keep the soil moisture at 88%. From early December to the beginning of spring in February, the temperature drops below 0℃ and watering is prohibited. After the beginning of spring in early February, water in time according to the soil moisture conditions (soil moisture below 70%) to maintain soil moisture at 85%. In early March, topdressing begins at the early stage of bulb expansion. Apply high potassium (11-6-41+TE) water-soluble fertilizer 12 kg / mu, and supplement with amino acid fertilizer + trace elements (2.5 L / mu) for root irrigation 3 times.

[0038] (8) Pest and disease control: Spray 550 times diluted 0.06% sterol microemulsion to prevent and control viral diseases; spray 550 times diluted 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder to prevent and control leaf blight; spray 500 times diluted 64% oxadiazine·mancozeb wettable powder to prevent and control purple spot disease.

[0039] (9) Harvest: In late May, the leaves at the bottom of the garlic plant turn yellow and the total number of leaves reaches 7. Harvesting begins after the pseudostem is fully expanded. Example 2

[0040] A cultivation method for single-headed garlic suitable for high altitude areas, the steps are as follows:

[0041] (1) Garlic selection: Choose Yunding Early Garlic, which has full cloves, no damage, and no diseases. The garlic heads are small to medium in size, and the weight of the cloves is 2.0-2.5g. Harvest in April, dry in June until the moisture content of the garlic heads is 65%, and store at room temperature of 25℃ in a ventilated and rain-proof place for 120 days.

[0042] (2) Site selection: Cultivation is carried out in loam plots facing the sunny mountain side at an altitude of 2,800 m in the high altitude area of ​​western Sichuan.

[0043] (3) Base fertilizer and soil treatment: Apply 3 t / mu of organic fertilizer and 50 kg / mu of triple compound fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15); treat the soil with 5 kg / mu of 0.5% avermectin granules to prevent and control root-knot nematodes.

[0044] (4) Sowing at the appropriate time: October 20th.

[0045] (5) Seed treatment: Before sowing garlic seeds, peel the garlic cloves with a garlic clove separator and grade them. Garlic cloves that are less than 1.0g per clove should not be used.

[0046] (6) Planting density: row spacing 14 cm, plant spacing 6 cm, and 103,000 plants per mu.

[0047] (7) Field planting management: Dig furrows according to the row spacing for sowing, with a depth of 6 cm. Place the prepared garlic seeds in the furrows, cover with soil, and water thoroughly. After an interval of 3 days, spray the herbicide 33% pendimethalin EC 150 mL / mu and 24% oxyfluorfen EC 50 mL / mu to prevent early weeds. After sowing, water in time to keep the soil moisture at 85%. From early December to the beginning of spring in February, the temperature drops below 0℃ and watering is prohibited. After the beginning of spring in early February, water in time according to the soil moisture conditions (soil moisture below 70%) to maintain soil moisture at 90%. In early March, topdressing begins at the early stage of bulb expansion. Apply high potassium (11-6-41+TE) water-soluble fertilizer 15 kg / mu, and supplement with amino acid fertilizer + trace elements (3 L / mu) for root irrigation 4 times.

[0048] (8) Disease and pest control: Spray 1000 times diluted 2% amino oligosaccharides + 6% ningnanmycin soluble solution to prevent and control viral diseases; spray 600 times diluted 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder to prevent and control leaf blight; spray 2000 times diluted 25% pyraclostrobin suspension to prevent and control purple spot disease.

[0049] (9) Harvest: In late May, the leaves at the bottom of the garlic plant turn yellow and the total number of leaves reaches 8. Harvesting begins after the pseudostems are fully expanded. Example 3

[0050] A cultivation method for single-headed garlic suitable for high altitude areas, the steps are as follows:

[0051] (1) Garlic selection: Choose red seven-star garlic, with full, undamaged, disease-free cloves, small to medium-sized heads, and clove weight of 1.8-2.2g. Harvest in April, dry in mid-May until the moisture content of the garlic is 75%, and store at room temperature of 18℃ in a ventilated and rain-proof place for 100 days.

[0052] (2) Site selection: Cultivation is carried out in sandy loam plots facing the sunny mountain at an altitude of 2,000 m in the high-altitude area of ​​western Sichuan.

[0053] (3) Base fertilizer and soil treatment: Apply 1 t / mu of organic fertilizer and 40 kg / mu of triple compound fertilizer (N:P2O5:K2O=15:15:15); treat the soil with 3 kg / mu of 10% thiazophos granules to prevent and control root-knot nematodes.

[0054] (4) Appropriate sowing time: sowing on October 31st.

[0055] (5) Seed treatment: Before sowing garlic seeds, peel the garlic cloves with a garlic clove separator and grade them. Garlic cloves that are less than 1.0g per clove should not be used.

[0056] (6) Planting density: row spacing 13 cm, plant spacing 5 cm, 74,000 plants per mu.

[0057] (7) Field planting management: Dig furrows according to the row spacing for sowing, with a depth of 5 cm. Place the prepared garlic seeds in the furrows, cover with soil, and water thoroughly. After an interval of 2 days, spray the herbicide 33% pendimethalin EC 125 mL / mu and 24% oxyfluorfen EC 40 mL / mu to prevent early weeds. After sowing, water in time to keep the soil moisture at 90%. From early December to the beginning of spring in February, the temperature drops below 0℃ and watering is prohibited. After the beginning of spring in early February, water in time according to the soil moisture conditions (soil moisture below 70%) to maintain soil moisture at 88%. In early March, topdressing begins at the early stage of bulb expansion. Apply high potassium (11-6-41+TE) water-soluble fertilizer 10 kg / mu, and supplement with amino acid fertilizer + trace elements (2 L / mu) for root irrigation 3 times.

[0058] (8) Pest and disease control: Spray 600 times diluted 0.06% sterol microemulsion to control viral diseases; spray 500 times diluted 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder to control leaf blight; spray 1500 times diluted 25% pyraclostrobin suspension to control purple spot disease.

[0059] (9) Harvest: In late May, the leaves at the bottom of the garlic plant turn yellow and the total number of leaves reaches 7. Harvesting begins after the pseudostem is fully expanded. Example 4

[0060] Effects of different garlic varieties on the single-head rate and growth size of single-headed garlic

[0061] Test varieties and sources:

[0062] Red Seven Stars (Wenjiang, Sichuan), Yunding Zao (Jintang, Sichuan), Dutou No. 1 (Cangshan, Shandong), Chengsuan Zao (Wenjiang, Sichuan), and Zhengyue Zao (Pengzhou, Sichuan).

[0063] Test location:

[0064] Songgang Town, Ma'erkang City, Aba Prefecture, is located at an altitude of 2,550 meters, and the land faces the sunny mountain.

[0065] Experimental Design:

[0066] The experiment was carried out in a randomized block arrangement with 3 replicates. The plot was 2m long and 2m wide, with a 2m trench and a 4m area per plot. 2 Several varieties of garlic seeds were stored at room temperature and sown on October 30. They were planted in the open field. The amount of base fertilizer used was: 1t / mu of organic fertilizer, 40kg / mu of triple compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 15-15-15). The sowing was done with furrows at a row spacing of 13-14cm, sowing at a plant spacing of 5-6cm, and a soil covering thickness of 6-8cm. After the soil covering was completed, garlic-specific herbicides were sprayed, and then covered with straw to keep moisture. The test results of the single-headed garlic were harvested and tested on April 19 of the second year.

[0067] Test results:

[0068] As shown in Table 1, the three varieties of Hongqixing, Yundingzao and Zhengyuezao all have a high rate of single garlic at level 3 or above, and Hongqixing has the highest rate of level 2 single garlic, which is 11.45%, indicating that there are large differences in the rate and commerciality of single garlic between different varieties. Hongqixing and Yundingzao are suitable as garlic seeds for single garlic production in high-altitude areas.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] Effects of different sowing dates on the growth characteristics and production of garlic

[0071] Test sowing period:

[0072] Sowing date 1: 2023.9.27, Sowing date 2: 2023.10.8, Sowing date 3: 2023.10.17, Sowing date 4: 2023.10.28, Sowing date 5: 2023.11.7.

[0073] Test location:

[0074] Ma'erkang Town, Ma'erkang City, Aba Prefecture, is 2560m above sea level and faces the sunny mountain.

[0075] Experimental Design:

[0076] The experiment was carried out in a randomized block arrangement with three replicates. The plot was 6m long and 2m wide, with a 2m trench and a box. Each plot had an area of ​​12m 2 . Garlic seeds are stored at room temperature. The sowing dates are divided into 5 periods. They are planted in the open field. The amount of base fertilizer used is: 2t / mu of organic fertilizer, 40kg / mu of triple compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 15-15-15). Sowing is done by digging furrows with a row spacing of 13-14cm, sowing with a plant spacing of 5-6cm, and covering the soil with a thickness of 6-8cm. After covering the soil, spray garlic with a special herbicide. At the end of February, topdressing began, with 3 applications of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer (20kg / mu) and amino acid fertilizer (500 times root irrigation), once every 15 days. On May 27 of the second year, each plot harvested 1m 2 The results of the sample plot test on single garlic.

[0077] Test results:

[0078] As shown in Table 2, the fresh weight of single plant in treatment 4 (10.28) of sowing date was the highest, and the bolting rate was 2.1%, the lowest among the five treatments. The number of plants without bolting was large, indicating that the plant's vegetative growth was insufficient, which was conducive to the formation of single-headed garlic. In Table 3, the total single-head rate of treatment 4 (10.28) of sowing date was 86.8%, the average single-head weight was 11.5g, and the yield per mu was 618.1kg.

[0079]

[0080] Example 6

[0081] On the basis of Example 5, the second expanded sample area test was conducted based on the sowing date 4 treatment (10.28). The test was carried out in a random block arrangement with 3 repetitions. The plot was 6m long and 2m wide, with a 2m trench and a box. Each plot had an area of ​​12m. 2 . Adopt open field planting, base fertilizer dosage: organic fertilizer 1t / mu, three-element compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 15-15-15) 40kg / mu. Sowing is done with a row spacing of 13-14cm, a plant spacing of 5-6cm, and a soil covering thickness of 6-8cm. After the soil covering is completed, spray garlic special herbicide, and then cover with straw to keep moisture. On May 27 of the second year, harvest 3m 2 The results of the sample plot test on single garlic.

[0082] As shown in Table 4, the average single-head rate of treatment 4 in sowing period was 79.5%, the rate of second-level single-head garlic (diameter 3.0-3.5 cm) was 30.6%, and the rate of third-level single-head garlic (diameter 2.5-3.0 cm) was 32.8%.

[0083] Example 7

[0084] Effects of different temperature treatments on the production of single-headed garlic

[0085] Test insulation temperature:

[0086] Room temperature storage: After harvest, store at room temperature 18-28℃;

[0087] Refrigeration treatment: One month before sowing, store the garlic seeds at 10℃ for 28 days.

[0088] Experimental Design:

[0089] The experiment was carried out in a randomized block arrangement with 3 replicates. The plot was 2m long and 2m wide, with a 2m trench and a 4m plot area. 2 There are two types of garlic seed treatments: room temperature storage and cold storage. The seeds were sown on October 30th, and the open field was used. The base fertilizer dosage was: 2t / mu of organic fertilizer, 40kg / mu of triple compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content 15-15-15). The sowing was done according to the row spacing of 13-14cm, the plant spacing of 5-6cm, and the soil thickness was 6-8cm. After the soil was covered, a special herbicide for garlic was sprayed, and then covered with straw to keep moisture. The test results of the single-headed garlic were harvested and tested on April 19th of the second year.

[0090] Test results:

[0091] As shown in Table 5, there were no significant differences in the total single-head rate, the secondary single-head rate, and the tertiary single-head rate between the two treatments. This indicates that the sowing period of single-head garlic production in the western Sichuan plateau is much later than that of conventional garlic production, and the garlic seeds have fully completed the dormancy stage. Cold storage treatment cannot increase the single-head rate. This result is different from the practice in Yunnan production areas where high temperatures are used during the sowing period, and refrigeration is needed to break the dormancy of garlic seeds and increase the single-head rate.

[0092]

[0093] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating single-headed garlic suitable for high altitude areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The garlic seeds of the previous crop are harvested and dried, and then stored at room temperature for 100-120 days before being sown in late October; the garlic heads of the garlic seeds are small and medium-sized, and the weight of the garlic cloves is 1.5-2.5g; The previous garlic seeds are harvested in April-May and dried for 1-2 months until the moisture content of the garlic is 65%-75%; the garlic seeds are selected from 'Hongqixing' or 'Yundingzao'; the storage temperature is 18-28°C; The sowing and planting site is selected in the western Sichuan region, with an altitude of 2000-3000m, and sunny sandy loam or loam; During sowing, the garlic seed row spacing is 13-14 cm, the plant spacing is 5-6 cm, and the planting density is 74,000-103,000 plants / mu; sowing is done in furrows with a furrow depth of 5-6 cm, and the soil is covered and then watered thoroughly; Also includes water and fertilizer management: After garlic seedlings have fully grown, keep the soil moisture at 85%-90%; stop watering when the ground temperature is ≤0℃; keep the soil moisture at 85%-90% after the beginning of spring the following year; As base fertilizer, apply 1-3t / mu of organic fertilizer and 40-50kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; in the early stage of garlic bulb expansion, apply 10-15kg / mu of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer, and supplement with trace element fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer for root irrigation.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes pest and disease control: Before sowing, 10% thiamethoxam or 0.5% avermectin granules 3-5kg / mu to control root-knot nematodes; After sowing and before emergence, spray 33% pendimethalin EC 125-150mL / mu and 24% oxyfluorfen EC 40-50mL / mu to control weeds; During the growing period, 500-600 times dilution of 0.06% sterol microemulsion or 800-1000 times dilution of 2% amino oligosaccharide + 6% ningnanmycin soluble solution can be used to prevent and control viral diseases; 500-600 times dilution of 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder can be used to prevent and control leaf blight; 400-600 times dilution of 64% oxathione·mancozeb wettable powder or 1500-2000 times dilution of 25% pyraclostrobin suspension can be used to prevent and control purple spot disease.

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