Method and device for preparing rapidly degradable fiber fabric

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric, and relates to the technical field of fabric preparation. The method comprises the following steps: a: using biodegradable fibers to weave a yarn layer 1 through a textile machine; b: mixing metal gallium and biodegradable plastic to prepare particles, and evenly sprinkling the produced particles on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer, and using glue to bond the particles on the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer; c: using biodegradable fibers to weave fabric, and covering the fabric on the shrinkage layer to form a yarn layer 2; d: using a punching device to punch even holes on a film, and evenly sprinkling thermochromic powder on the film, and then sticking the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer 2 to form a color-changing layer. The fabric prepared by the invention can reduce air permeability in cold weather and increase air permeability in hot weather, and can achieve the effect of being warm in winter and cool in summer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fabric preparation, and in particular to a method and device for preparing rapidly degradable fiber fabric. Background Art

[0002] Biodegradable fabrics are generally made of biodegradable fibers. They are easily biodegradable in the soil and will not cause much pollution to the environment. The pore size of general fiber fabrics is fixed. The best thermal insulation effect of the fabric is to ensure its ability to isolate the air. When the fabric has low thermal conductivity, reducing the flow of air can effectively improve the thermal insulation effect of the fabric.

[0003] The defects of the existing fabric preparation method are:

[0004] 1. The prior art KR101726538B1 discloses a composite fabric, which solves the problem of glass fiber fine hair leakage. The technology does not have a structure for adjusting the pore size of the fabric according to the temperature. It is impossible to reduce the pores when the weather is cold and increase the pores when the weather is hot. Therefore, it is impossible to keep warm in cold weather and dissipate heat in hot weather. Therefore, a method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric that can reduce the pores of the fabric to keep warm in cold weather and increase the pores of the fabric to dissipate heat in hot weather is needed to solve this problem.

[0005] 2. The prior art KR101556411B1 discloses a composite functional fabric. This technology discloses a composite functional fabric. This fabric is not easily biodegradable and is easily polluted when left in the environment. Therefore, a method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric that can be biodegraded and avoid polluting the environment is needed to solve this problem.

[0006] 3. The prior art KR1020070067102A discloses a heat-resistant composite fabric, which provides a heat-resistant composite fabric sheet. The fabric does not have a structure that changes color according to whether the weather is hot. It cannot reflect the heat of the sun when the sun is hot, and cannot effectively absorb the heat of the sun when the sun is not hot in winter. Therefore, a method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric that can change the color of the fabric according to whether the weather is hot to adjust the absorption efficiency of the heat from the sun is needed to solve this problem.

[0007] 4. Prior art CN110406179A discloses a biodegradable fabric, which effectively improves the antibacterial and antimicrobial effects of the overall fabric, and has high air permeability and hygroscopicity, good warmth retention, high comfort and high practicality. The fabric does not have the ability to absorb ultraviolet rays, and when the fabric is thin, the absorption effect of ultraviolet rays is weak. Therefore, a method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric that can absorb ultraviolet rays is needed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0008] One purpose of the present application is to provide a method and device for preparing rapidly degradable fiber fabrics, which can solve the technical problems raised in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric, wherein the rapidly degradable fiber fabric comprises, from bottom to top, a yarn layer 1, a shrinkage layer, a yarn layer 2 and a color-changing layer, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0010] a: The biodegradable fiber is woven into a yarn layer one through a textile machine, and then the yarn layer one is placed on a flat plate;

[0011] b: The metal gallium and the biodegradable plastic are mixed and added into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heated to 200°C for melting. The melt is then divided into regular droplets by a distributor. The droplets are cooled to form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C to allow the metal gallium that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic to drop and separate from the particles. The particles are then evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Glue is then sprayed on the particles by a glue spray gun. The glue adheres the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer.

[0012] c: then the biodegradable fiber is woven into a fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinkage layer to form a second yarn layer;

[0013] d: Add 50 parts of biodegradable plastic and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat it to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then evenly sprinkle the thermochromic powder on the film, then use glue to spray glue on the thermochromic powder to make the thermochromic powder stick to the film, then stick the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer two to form a color-changing layer, and then use an interlaced line to interlace the yarn layer one, the shrinkage layer, the yarn layer two and the color-changing layer.

[0014] Preferably, the material of the yarn layer is one of cellulose fiber, chitin fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

[0015] Preferably, the material of the second yarn layer is one of cellulose fiber, chitin fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

[0016] Preferably, the shrink layer comprises 50 to 100 parts of metal gallium and 50 to 100 parts of biodegradable plastic by weight, and the biodegradable plastic is one of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate.

[0017] Preferably, the glue in step b and step d is one of acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, polyvinyl acetal glue and latex glue.

[0018] Preferably, the color of the thermochromic powder after color change in step d is one of bright red, rose red, pink, orange red, blue, green, black and yellow.

[0019] Preferably, the color changing temperature of the thermochromic powder in step d is 22°C to 31°C.

[0020] Preferably, the biodegradable plastic in step d is one of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate.

[0021] Preferably, the ultraviolet absorber in step d is one of salicylate phenyl ester, ultraviolet absorber UV-P, ultraviolet absorber UV-O and ultraviolet absorber UV-531.

[0022] Preferably, the punching device in step d comprises a substrate and an insertion rod, the substrate is a flat plate, and a plurality of insertion rods are symmetrically mounted on the substrate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The shrinkage layer of the present invention is a layer made of a mixture of metal gallium and biodegradable plastic, and is in the form of a thin film. When the outside temperature is higher than 29.76°C, the metal gallium will shrink, thereby increasing the gap between the holes in the shrinkage layer, thereby increasing the overall air permeability of the fabric, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the wearer. When the outside temperature is too low, the metal gallium will expand, thereby reducing the gap between the holes in the shrinkage layer, thereby slowing down the heat loss rate of the wearer's body, thereby achieving the effect of keeping warm in winter and cool in summer. The fabric prepared by the method and device for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric can have the effect of reducing air permeability in cold weather and increasing air permeability in hot weather, thereby achieving the effect of keeping warm in winter and cool in summer.

[0025] 2. The yarn layer 1 and the yarn layer 2 of the present invention are woven from biodegradable fibers, and the shrinkage layer and the color-changing layer are made of degradable plastics, which can be quickly degraded and cause little pollution to the environment. The fabric prepared by the method and device for preparing rapidly degradable fiber fabrics can be quickly biodegraded and cause little pollution to the environment.

[0026] 3. The thermochromic powder in the color-changing layer of the present invention becomes transparent when the temperature is high, so that the yarn layer can reflect light, further reducing the heating of the fabric by sunlight; when the temperature is low, the thermochromic powder in the color-changing layer changes to other colors, which can absorb the energy of part of the color light in the sunlight, thereby heating the fabric and increasing the thermal insulation effect for the wearer; the thermochromic powder in the fabric prepared by the method and device for preparing rapidly degradable fiber fabric becomes transparent when the temperature is high, so that the yarn layer can reflect light, further reducing the heating of the fabric by sunlight; when the temperature is low, the thermochromic powder in the color-changing layer changes to other colors, which can absorb the energy of part of the color light in the sunlight, thereby heating the fabric and increasing the thermal insulation effect for the wearer.

[0027] 4. The present invention adds ultraviolet absorbers to the color-changing layer, which can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays in the sun and reduce the harm of ultraviolet rays to people. The fabric prepared by the method and device for preparing rapidly degradable fiber fabrics can effectively absorb ultraviolet rays in the sun and reduce the harm of ultraviolet rays to people. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a preparation method diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the substrate structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Yarn layer one; 2. Contraction layer; 3. Yarn layer two; 4. Color-changing layer; 5. Interlaced wire; 6. Base plate; 7. Insertion rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: a method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric;

[0036] The rapidly degradable fiber fabric comprises, from bottom to top, a yarn layer 1, a shrinkage layer 2, a yarn layer 3 and a color-changing layer 4, and the preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0037] a: The biodegradable fiber is woven into a yarn layer 1 through a textile machine, and then the yarn layer 1 is placed on a flat plate;

[0038] b: The metal gallium and the biodegradable plastic are mixed and added into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heated to 200°C for melting. Then, the melt is divided into regular droplets by a distributor. The droplets are cooled to form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C to make the metal gallium in the particles that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic drop and separate from the particles. Then, the particles are evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Then, glue is sprayed on the particles by a glue spray gun. The glue adheres the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer 2.

[0039] c: then the biodegradable fiber can be woven into a fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinkage layer 2 to form a yarn layer 3;

[0040] d: Add 50 parts of biodegradable plastic and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat it to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then evenly sprinkle the thermochromic powder on the film, then use glue to spray glue on the thermochromic powder to make the thermochromic powder stick to the film, then stick the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer 2 3 to form a color-changing layer 4, then use an interlaced line 5 to interlace the yarn layer 1 1, the shrinkage layer 2, the yarn layer 2 3 and the color-changing layer 4.

[0041] The material of the yarn layer 1 is one of cellulose fiber, chitin fiber, and polylactic acid fiber, and the color is white.

[0042] The material of the yarn layer 23 is one of cellulose fiber, chitin fiber, and polylactic acid fiber, and the color is white.

[0043] The shrink layer 2 comprises 50 to 100 parts of metal gallium and 50 to 100 parts of biodegradable plastic by weight, and the biodegradable plastic is one of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate.

[0044] The glue in step b and step d is one of acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, polyvinyl acetal glue and latex glue.

[0045] The color of the thermochromic powder after color change in step d is one of bright red, rose red, pink, orange red, blue, green, black and yellow.

[0046] The color changing temperature of the thermochromic powder in step d is 22°C to 31°C.

[0047] The biodegradable plastic in step d is one of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate.

[0048] In step d, the ultraviolet absorber is one of salicylate phenyl ester, ultraviolet absorber UV-P, ultraviolet absorber UV-O and ultraviolet absorber UV-531.

[0049] In step d, the punching device includes a base plate 6 and an insertion rod 7 . The base plate 6 is a flat plate, and a plurality of insertion rods 7 are symmetrically mounted on the base plate 6 .

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] 1. Weaving cellulose fibers through a weaving machine to form a yarn layer 1, and then placing the yarn layer 1 on a flat plate;

[0052] 2. Mix 50 parts of metal gallium and 50 parts of polylactic acid and add them into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heat them to 200°C for melting. Then, use a distributor to regularly separate the molten liquid into regular droplets. After the droplets are cooled, they form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C to make the metal gallium that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic in the particles drip and separate from the particles. Then, the particles are evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Then, use a glue spray gun to spray acrylic emulsion on the particles. The glue bonds the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer 2.

[0053] 3. Then, chitin fibers are woven to form fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinking layer 2 to form a yarn layer 2 3;

[0054] 4. Add 50 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-O by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then evenly sprinkle 27°C color-changing thermochromic powder on the film, then use acrylic emulsion to spray glue on the thermochromic powder to make the thermochromic powder stick to the film, then stick the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer 2 3 to form a color-changing layer 4, then use the interlaced line 5 to interlace the yarn layer 1 1, the shrinkage layer 2, the yarn layer 2 3 and the color-changing layer 4.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] 1. Weaving cellulose fibers through a weaving machine to form a yarn layer 1, and then placing the yarn layer 1 on a flat plate;

[0057] 2. Mix 50 parts of metal gallium and 100 parts of polylactic acid and add them into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heat them to 200°C for melting. Then, use a distributor to regularly separate the molten liquid into regular droplets. After the droplets are cooled, they form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C to make the metal gallium that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic in the particles drop down and separate from the particles. Then, the particles are evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Then, use a glue spray gun to spray acrylic emulsion on the particles. The glue bonds the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer 2.

[0058] 3. Then, chitin fibers are woven to form fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinking layer 2 to form a yarn layer 2 3;

[0059] 4. Add 50 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-O by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then evenly sprinkle 27°C color-changing thermochromic powder on the film, then use acrylic emulsion to spray glue on the thermochromic powder to make the thermochromic powder stick to the film, then stick the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer 2 3 to form a color-changing layer 4, then use the interlaced line 5 to interlace the yarn layer 1 1, the shrinkage layer 2, the yarn layer 2 3 and the color-changing layer 4.

[0060] Embodiment 3

[0061] 1. Weaving cellulose fibers through a weaving machine to form a yarn layer 1, and then placing the yarn layer 1 on a flat plate;

[0062] 2. 100 parts of metal gallium and 50 parts of polylactic acid are mixed and added into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heated to 200°C for melting. Then, a distributor is used to regularly separate the molten liquid into regular droplets. After the droplets are cooled, particles are formed. The particles are filtered at 30°C to make the metal gallium in the particles that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic drop and separate from the particles. Then, the particles are evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Then, an acrylic emulsion is sprayed on the particles using a glue spray gun. The glue bonds the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer 2.

[0063] 3. Then, chitin fibers are woven to form fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinking layer 2 to form a yarn layer 2 3;

[0064] 4. Add 50 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-O by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then evenly sprinkle 27°C color-changing thermochromic powder on the film, then use acrylic emulsion to spray glue on the thermochromic powder to make the thermochromic powder stick to the film, then stick the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer 2 3 to form a color-changing layer 4, then use the interlaced line 5 to interlace the yarn layer 1 1, the shrinkage layer 2, the yarn layer 2 3 and the color-changing layer 4.

[0065] Embodiment 4

[0066] 1. Weaving cellulose fibers through a weaving machine to form a yarn layer 1, and then placing the yarn layer 1 on a flat plate;

[0067] 2. Mix 50 parts of metal gallium and 50 parts of polylactic acid and add them into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heat them to 200°C for melting. Then, use a distributor to regularly separate the molten liquid into regular droplets. After the droplets are cooled, they form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C to make the metal gallium that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic in the particles drip and separate from the particles. Then, the particles are evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Then, use a glue spray gun to spray acrylic emulsion on the particles. The glue bonds the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer 2.

[0068] 3. Then, chitin fibers are woven to form fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinking layer 2 to form a yarn layer 2 3;

[0069] 4. Add 50 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat it to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then evenly sprinkle 27°C color-changing thermochromic powder on the film, then use acrylic emulsion to spray glue on the thermochromic powder to make the thermochromic powder stick to the film, then stick the side of the film with the thermochromic powder on the yarn layer 2 3 to form a color-changing layer 4, then use the interlaced line 5 to interlace the yarn layer 1 1, the shrinkage layer 2, the yarn layer 2 3 and the color-changing layer 4.

[0070] Embodiment 5

[0071] 1. Weaving cellulose fibers through a weaving machine to form a yarn layer 1, and then placing the yarn layer 1 on a flat plate;

[0072] 2. Mix 50 parts of metal gallium and 50 parts of polylactic acid and add them into a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heat them to 200°C for melting. Then, use a distributor to regularly separate the molten liquid into regular droplets. After the droplets are cooled, they form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C to make the metal gallium that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic in the particles drip and separate from the particles. Then, the particles are evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 to form a thin layer. Then, use a glue spray gun to spray acrylic emulsion on the particles. The glue bonds the particles to the yarn layer 1 to form a shrinkage layer 2.

[0073] 3. Then, chitin fibers are woven to form fabric, and the fabric is covered on the shrinking layer 2 to form a yarn layer 2 3;

[0074] 4. Add 50 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber UV-O by weight into a stirring device with a heating structure and heat to 200°C, then use a film blowing machine to blow it into a film, then use a punching device to punch uniform holes in the film, then stick one side of the film on the yarn layer 2 3 to form a color-changing layer 4, and then use the interlacing line 5 to interlace the yarn layer 1 1, the shrinkage layer 2, the yarn layer 2 3 and the color-changing layer 4.

[0075] Performance Testing

[0076] 1. Ultraviolet light blocking test: Use ultraviolet light to irradiate the top of the product of each embodiment, and then use an ultraviolet light meter to detect the ultraviolet light intensity from the bottom of the product;

[0077] 2. High-temperature insulation capacity test: Use the products of each embodiment to separate the sealed box into two sections, the left section is heated to 45°C using a heating rod, and the right section is heated to 15°C. After 5 minutes, the temperature change of the right section is tested;

[0078] 3. Low-temperature insulation capability test: Use the products of each embodiment to separate the sealed box into two sections, the left section is heated to 26°C using a heating rod, and the right section is heated to 15°C. After 5 minutes, the temperature change of the right section is tested.

[0079] Test data table under each embodiment

[0080]

[0081] According to the test data, the fabric has good UV protection ability, and the yarn layer 1 and the yarn layer 2 3 of the fabric are woven with biodegradable fibers, the shrinkage layer 2 and the color-changing layer 4 are made of biodegradable plastics, which can be quickly degraded and have little pollution to the environment. The shrinkage layer 2 is a film-like layer made of a mixture of metal gallium and biodegradable plastics. When the external temperature is higher than 29.76°C, the metal gallium will shrink, thereby increasing the gap between the holes in the shrinkage layer 2, thereby increasing the overall air permeability of the fabric, thereby improving the heat dissipation ability of the wearer, and protecting the wearer from external heat. When the interface temperature is too low, the metal gallium will expand, thereby reducing the gap between the holes in the shrinkage layer 2, thereby slowing down the heat loss of the wearer's body, thereby achieving the effect of keeping warm in winter and cool in summer. When the temperature is high, the thermochromic powder in the color-changing layer 4 will become transparent, so that the yarn layer 2 can reflect light, further reducing the heating of the fabric by sunlight. When the temperature is low, the thermochromic powder in the color-changing layer 4 will change to other colors, which can absorb part of the energy of the color light in the sunlight, thereby heating the fabric and increasing the thermal insulation effect for the wearer.

[0082] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, from all points of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the rights involved.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric, characterized in that: The rapidly degradable fiber fabric comprises, from bottom to top, a yarn layer 1 (1), a shrinkage layer (2), a yarn layer 2 (3) and a color-changing layer (4), and a preparation method thereof comprises the following steps: a: using biodegradable fibers to weave into a yarn layer (1) through a weaving machine, and then placing the yarn layer (1) on a flat plate; b: The metal gallium and the biodegradable plastic are mixed and added to a stirring device with a heating mechanism and heated to 200°C for melting. The melt is then divided into regular droplets using a distributor. The droplets are cooled to form particles. The particles are filtered at 30°C so that the metal gallium in the particles that is not wrapped in the biodegradable plastic drops and separates from the particles. The particles are then evenly sprinkled on the yarn layer 1 (1) to form a thin layer. Glue is then sprayed on the particles using a glue spray gun. The glue adheres the particles to the yarn layer 1 (1) to form a shrinkage layer (2). c: then using biodegradable fibers to weave into fabric, and covering the fabric on the shrinkage layer (2) to form a second yarn layer (3); d: 50 parts by weight of biodegradable plastic and 3 parts of ultraviolet absorber are added to a stirring device with a heating structure and heated to 200°C. The film is then blown into a film using a film blowing machine. Evenly-spaced holes are then punched in the film using a punching device. The thermochromic powder is then evenly sprinkled on the film. Glue is then sprayed on the thermochromic powder to make it adhere to the film. The film is then attached with the thermochromic powder on the side of the film. The color-changing layer (4) is then formed. The yarn layer (1), the shrink layer (2), the yarn layer (3) and the color-changing layer (4) are then interlaced using an interlacing thread (5).

2. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the yarn layer one (1) is one of cellulose fiber, chitin fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

3. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the second yarn layer (3) is one of cellulose fiber, chitin fiber and polylactic acid fiber.

4. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shrinkage layer (2) comprises 50 to 100 parts of metal gallium and 50 to 100 parts of biodegradable plastic by weight, and the biodegradable plastic is one of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate.

5. A method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The glue in step b and step d is one of acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate emulsion, polyvinyl acetal glue and latex glue.

6. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color of the thermochromic powder after color change in step d is one of bright red, rose red, pink, orange red, blue, green, black and yellow.

7. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color changing temperature of the thermochromic powder in step d is 22°C to 31°C.

8. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biodegradable plastic in step d is one of polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate.

9. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet absorber in step d is one of phenyl salicylate, ultraviolet absorber UV-P, ultraviolet absorber UV-O and ultraviolet absorber UV-531.

10. The method for preparing a rapidly degradable fiber fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punching device in step d comprises a base plate (6) and an insertion rod (7); the base plate (6) is a flat plate, and a plurality of insertion rods (7) are symmetrically mounted on the base plate (6).

Images