Digital delivery system and method for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of digital delivery technology, specifically to a digital delivery system and method for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS. The system includes: an underground parameter initialization module extracts structure, fluid characteristics and layout from the geographic data of the oil and gas field, sets initial conditions according to the extracted data, and generates initialization model data. In the present invention, the simulation accuracy of the system for oil and gas flow and its dynamic changes is optimized by applying the Newton-Raphson method to optimize the underground fluid dynamics simulation. Not only is the ability to predict the behavior of oil and gas in complex formations improved, but the adjustment efficiency of development strategies is also enhanced, making drilling locations and mining strategies more accurate, thereby reducing resource waste and improving recovery. At the same time, the complexity of the terrain is deeply evaluated through fractal dimension analysis, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the geological structure for exploration and development decisions. This analysis method reveals subtle changes in terrain and geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digital delivery, and in particular to a digital delivery system and method for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS. Background Art

[0002] Digital delivery technology improves and optimizes the design, execution and management of engineering projects by using information technology and digital tools. In oil and gas field engineering construction, it includes the entire process from project planning and design to construction, operation and maintenance.

[0003] Among them, the oil and gas field engineering construction digital delivery system is an integrated technical solution for managing and controlling all stages of oil and gas field development projects. Through data integration and automated processing, the system ensures that every step of the engineering project, from design to construction to operation, can be completed efficiently and accurately. This reduces costs, shortens project schedules, improves safety and quality control, and ensures environmental protection and compliance.

[0004] Although existing technologies have optimized the management and operation processes of oil and gas field projects through digital tools, there is still room for improvement in the accuracy of underground fluid dynamics simulation. For example, for the development of complex oil and gas reservoirs, existing simulation methods are difficult to accurately capture the dynamic changes of fluids in geological structures, resulting in inaccurate predictions in the operation of adjusting the recovery rate, affecting the final recovery efficiency. Secondly, it is still limited in assessing the complexity of geological structures. For example, for oil and gas fields with complex faults and variable terrain, traditional geological data analysis is difficult to fully reveal the potential distribution of oil and gas reservoirs, resulting in poor selection of drilling locations, which in turn affects the success rate of exploration and the effective development of resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] This application provides a GIS-based digital delivery system and method for oil and gas field engineering construction, which solves the problem that although the existing technology has optimized the management and operation process of oil and gas field engineering through digital tools, there is still room for improvement in the accuracy of underground fluid dynamics simulation. For example, for the development of complex oil and gas reservoirs, the existing simulation methods are difficult to accurately capture the dynamic changes of fluids in geological structures, resulting in inaccurate predictions in the operation of adjusting the recovery rate, affecting the final recovery efficiency. Secondly, it is still limited in assessing the complexity of geological structures. For example, for oil and gas fields with complex faults and changeable terrain, traditional geological data analysis is difficult to fully reveal the potential distribution of oil and gas reservoirs, resulting in poor selection of drilling locations, which in turn affects the success rate of exploration and the effective development of resources.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a GIS-based digital delivery system and method for oil and gas field engineering construction.

[0007] The present application provides a digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS, wherein the system comprises:

[0008] The underground parameter initialization module extracts the structure, fluid characteristics and layout from the geographic data of the oil and gas field, sets the initial conditions based on the extracted data, and generates the initialization model data;

[0009] The parameter optimization and updating module takes the initialization model data as a starting point, repeatedly updates the model data through parameter adjustment and condition simulation, until the preset stability standard is reached, and forms numerical solution stability data;

[0010] The oil and gas flow display module uses the stability data of the numerical solution to perform flow simulation, draw the dynamic path of oil and gas through each formation, and display it on the GIS interface to obtain a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution;

[0011] The geomorphic data calculation module calculates the structural complexity based on the oil and gas field terrain data according to the terrain characteristics, converts the complexity into a numerical index, and generates a terrain structure index;

[0012] The fractal dimension integration module performs spatial correspondence and layered analysis on the terrain structure index, superimposes the numerical index on the GIS map, analyzes the terrain characteristics of the oil and gas field through graphic comparison, and creates a complexity space mapping diagram;

[0013] The project management and monitoring module monitors the execution progress and geological feedback of oil and gas field engineering construction projects based on the complexity space mapping diagram and oil and gas distribution dynamic map, adjusts project management measures, and generates project progress and monitoring data sets.

[0014] Preferably, the initialization model data includes multiple formation characteristic information such as rock porosity, geological fault distribution, groundwater level and chemical properties of associated geological layers; the numerical solution stability data includes multiple adjusted fluid dynamic parameters such as flow rate threshold, pressure difference limit and adjustment frequency; the oil and gas distribution dynamic map includes fluid dynamic simulation results, flow direction changes and visualization levels of potential mining areas; the terrain structure index includes quantitative analysis of terrain slope changes, curvature distribution and surface roughness; the complexity space mapping diagram includes terrain elevation variation, geological structure boundaries and vegetation coverage display; the project progress and monitoring data set includes key performance indicator tracking, project risk assessment and environmental monitoring data summary.

[0015] Preferably, the underground parameter initialization module includes:

[0016] The geological data analysis submodule screens key geological structure information based on the geographic data of oil and gas fields, analyzes the geological faults and rock layer data of oil and gas reservoirs, constructs a stratigraphic distribution framework based on the characteristics, and generates a stratigraphic structure data set;

[0017] The technical parameter configuration submodule adopts the stratigraphic structure data set, sets the porosity and fluid dynamic characteristics of the rock for the GIS model, adjusts the simulation parameters of the oil and gas flow direction, optimizes the exploration and development configuration of the oil and gas field, and obtains a configuration optimization model;

[0018] The initial model establishment submodule optimizes the model through the configuration, synchronizes the groundwater level and the chemical properties of the geological layer, adjusts the model to match the current geological conditions, optimizes the exploration layout, and generates initialization model data.

[0019] Preferably, the parameter optimization and updating module includes:

[0020] The model performance evaluation submodule uses GIS to perform performance analysis on the geological model based on the initialization model data, measures the response speed and data processing accuracy of the model, and generates performance diagnosis results;

[0021] The dynamic parameter adjustment submodule adjusts the key performance indicators in the GIS environment according to the performance diagnosis results, simulates the effect of each adjustment in real time, and obtains the parameter optimization configuration;

[0022] The model stability test submodule utilizes the parameter optimization configuration to perform stability testing, including continuous operation and extreme geological condition simulation, to form numerical solution stability data.

[0023] Preferably, the oil and gas flow display module comprises:

[0024] The fluid dynamic simulation submodule simulates the oil and gas flow based on the numerical solution stability data using the Newton-Raphson method, analyzes the flow velocity and pressure change data, identifies the flow characteristics in the formation, and generates fluid behavior analysis results;

[0025] The path drawing submodule uses the fluid behavior analysis results to draw the flow path of oil and gas in the formation on the GIS to obtain path image data;

[0026] The GIS integrated display submodule utilizes the path image data to integrate geological structure and fluid dynamic data in GIS, performs data stacking analysis and visual optimization, and obtains a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution.

[0027] Preferably, the Newton-Raphson method is according to the improved formula I:

[0028]

[0029] Calculate the dynamic changes of flow velocity and pressure, identify the flow characteristics in the formation, and generate fluid behavior analysis results;

[0030] Among them, x n is the variable value in the current iteration step, xn+1 is the variable value in the next iteration step, γ is the step size factor, f(x n , p, K, θ, λ) at x n , pore pressure p, permeability coefficient K, formation inclination θ, fluid viscosity λ, and the nonlinear equation representing fluid flow, f′(x n , p, K, θ, λ) function is f(x n , p, K, θ, λ) about x n The derivative of x n The sensitivity of the f function value to changes, p is the pore pressure, K is the permeability coefficient, θ is the formation dip, and λ is the fluid viscosity.

[0031] Preferably, the landform data calculation module includes:

[0032] The terrain feature analysis submodule performs terrain analysis based on oil and gas field terrain data, identifies each terrain feature including slope change, curvature distribution and surface roughness, and generates terrain attribute records;

[0033] The terrain complexity measurement submodule uses the terrain attribute records to compare the structural complexity of each type of terrain feature, evaluate the variability and structural boundaries of the terrain, and obtain complexity assessment results;

[0034] The index output submodule converts the complexity information into a numerical index according to the complexity evaluation result, and generates a terrain structure index.

[0035] Preferably, the fractal dimension integration module comprises:

[0036] The fractal characteristic analysis submodule evaluates the geometric characteristics and fractal dimension of the terrain based on the terrain structure index, identifies the statistical self-similarity of each type of terrain, and analyzes the influence of the characteristics on the spatial distribution of oil and gas fields, thereby generating terrain dimension analysis data;

[0037] The data overlay processing submodule uses the terrain dimension analysis data to perform data overlay in GIS, combines the terrain dimension data with the current geological data, and obtains a terrain overlay map;

[0038] The terrain mapping submodule uses the terrain overlay map and fractal dimension analysis to create a terrain complexity map in the GIS interface, showing the complexity changes and fractal characteristics of each terrain area, and obtaining a complexity space map.

[0039] Preferably, the fractal dimension analysis method is according to the improved formula II:

[0040]

[0041] Calculate the fractal dimension of the terrain, create a complexity map of the terrain in the GIS interface, display the complexity changes and fractal characteristics of each terrain area, and obtain a complexity space map;

[0042] Among them, D′ represents the improved fractal dimension, log() represents the natural logarithm function, N is the minimum number of areas covering the terrain at scale ∈, f(P, R, S, T) is the terrain complexity function, P is the change of terrain slope, R is the density of geological faults, S is the rate of change of groundwater level, T is the variability of chemical properties of the formation, and ∈ is the investigation scale.

[0043] Preferably, the project management and monitoring module includes:

[0044] The project progress tracking submodule monitors the execution progress of the entire oil and gas field engineering construction project based on the complexity space mapping diagram and the oil and gas distribution dynamic map, analyzes the completion status of key tasks and compares them with the timeline, and generates progress analysis results;

[0045] The geological feedback analysis submodule utilizes the progress analysis results to analyze the collected geological feedback through GIS, evaluates the impact on the project progress, and obtains a real-time geological adjustment plan;

[0046] The project adjustment and output submodule updates and optimizes the project management strategy according to the real-time geological adjustment plan, including resource reallocation and construction time adjustment, and generates project progress and monitoring data sets.

[0047] The GIS-based digital delivery method for oil and gas field engineering construction is implemented based on the GIS-based digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction, and includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Based on the geographic data of oil and gas fields, analyze the formation structure and fluid characteristics, set the initial formation layout, and generate initialization model data;

[0049] S2: Based on the initialized model data, adjust the model data and simulate the conditions, and repeat the update until the preset stability standard is reached to obtain the stability data of the numerical solution;

[0050] S3: Based on the stability data of the numerical solution, the flow path of oil and gas in the formation is simulated and displayed on the GIS interface to generate a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution;

[0051] S4: Based on the topographic data of oil and gas fields, the slope, curvature and roughness of the terrain are evaluated, the complexity of the terrain structure is calculated, and the terrain structure index is obtained;

[0052] S5: Based on the terrain structure index, mapping terrain features in GIS, analyzing the relationship between terrain and spatial distribution of oil and gas fields, and creating a complexity space mapping diagram;

[0053] S6: Based on the complexity space mapping diagram and the oil and gas distribution dynamic map, monitor the project progress, adjust the management measures according to the geological data feedback, and generate the project progress and monitoring data set;

[0054] S7: Based on the project progress and monitoring data set, evaluate the project data, optimize the strategy and adjust the resource allocation, and establish a project execution strategy.

[0055] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0056] By applying the Newton-Raphson method to optimize the simulation of underground fluid dynamics, the system's simulation accuracy of oil and gas flow and its dynamic changes is optimized. It not only improves the ability to predict the behavior of oil and gas in complex formations, but also enhances the efficiency of adjusting development strategies, making drilling locations and mining strategies more accurate, thereby reducing resource waste and improving recovery. At the same time, the fractal dimension analysis method is used to deeply evaluate the complexity of the terrain, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the geological structure for exploration and development decisions. This analysis method reveals subtle changes in terrain and geological conditions, and can also help guide exploration activities to more effectively adapt to complex environments, optimize resource utilization, and improve environmental protection levels.

[0057] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 The module diagram of the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS is proposed for the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 The framework diagram of the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS is proposed for the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 The present invention proposes a specific flow chart of the underground parameter initialization module in the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS;

[0061] Figure 4 The present invention proposes a specific flow chart of parameter optimization and update module in the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS;

[0062] Figure 5The present invention proposes a specific flow chart of the oil and gas flow display module in the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS;

[0063] Figure 6 The present invention proposes a specific flow chart of the geomorphic data calculation module in the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS;

[0064] Figure 7 The present invention proposes a specific flow chart of the fractal dimension integration module in the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS;

[0065] Figure 8 The present invention proposes a specific flow chart of project management and monitoring modules in the digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS;

[0066] Fig. 9 The present invention proposes a flow chart of a digital delivery method for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present application provides a GIS-based digital delivery system and method for oil and gas field engineering construction.

[0068] Application Overview

[0069] Although the existing technology has optimized the management and operation process of oil and gas field projects through digital tools, there is still room for improvement in the accuracy of underground fluid dynamics simulation. For example, for the development of complex oil and gas reservoirs, the existing simulation methods are difficult to accurately capture the dynamic changes of fluids in geological structures, resulting in inaccurate predictions in the operation of adjusting the recovery rate, affecting the final recovery efficiency. Secondly, it is still limited in assessing the complexity of geological structures. For example, for oil and gas fields with complex faults and variable terrain, traditional geological data analysis is difficult to fully reveal the potential distribution of oil and gas reservoirs, resulting in poor selection of drilling locations, which in turn affects the success rate of exploration and the effective development of resources.

[0070] In response to the above technical problems, the overall idea of ​​the technical solution provided by this application is as follows:

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS, wherein the system includes;

[0072] The underground parameter initialization module extracts the structure, fluid characteristics and layout from the geographic data of the oil and gas field, sets the initial conditions based on the extracted data, and generates the initialization model data;

[0073] The parameter optimization and update module starts with initializing the model data, and repeatedly updates the model data through parameter adjustment and condition simulation until the preset stability standard is reached to form the stability data of the numerical solution;

[0074] The oil and gas flow display module uses the stability data of numerical solutions to simulate the flow, draw the dynamic path of oil and gas through each formation, and display it on the GIS interface to obtain a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution;

[0075] The geomorphic data calculation module calculates the structural complexity based on the oil and gas field terrain data according to the terrain characteristics, converts the complexity into a numerical index, and generates a terrain structure index;

[0076] The fractal dimension integration module performs spatial correspondence and overlay analysis on the terrain structure index, superimposes the numerical index on the GIS map, analyzes the terrain characteristics of the oil and gas field through graphic comparison, and creates a complexity space mapping diagram;

[0077] The project management and monitoring module monitors the execution progress and geological feedback of oil and gas field engineering construction projects based on the complexity space mapping diagram and oil and gas distribution dynamic map, adjusts project management measures, and generates project progress and monitoring data sets.

[0078] The initialization model data includes multiple stratigraphic characteristic information such as rock porosity, geological fault distribution, groundwater level and chemical properties of related geological layers. The numerical solution stability data includes multiple adjusted fluid dynamic parameters such as flow rate threshold, pressure difference limit and adjustment frequency. The dynamic map of oil and gas distribution includes fluid dynamic simulation results, flow direction changes and visualization levels of potential mining areas. The terrain structure index includes quantitative analysis of terrain slope changes, curvature distribution and surface roughness. The complexity space mapping diagram includes terrain elevation variation, geological structure boundaries and vegetation coverage display. The project progress and monitoring data set includes key performance indicator tracking, project risk assessment and environmental monitoring data summary.

[0079] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the underground parameter initialization module includes:

[0080] The geological data analysis submodule screens key geological structure information based on the geographic data of oil and gas fields, analyzes the geological faults and rock layer data of oil and gas reservoirs, constructs a stratigraphic distribution framework based on the characteristics, and generates a stratigraphic structure data set. The specific process is as follows;

[0081] The geological data analysis submodule standardizes the provided geographic data and classifies and records the geological information in the data, such as rock type, stratigraphic age, and structural characteristics. Then, the submodule will identify geological faults on the selected data, including stacking and comparing geographic data, calibrating the fault location and its extension direction. The construction of the stratigraphic distribution framework will adopt spatial analysis methods, and construct a three-dimensional stratigraphic model through correlation analysis between geological data. Finally, the generated stratigraphic structure data set includes the spatial location, attribute description, and structural connection information of each stratum, providing necessary input for subsequent modules.

[0082] The technical parameter configuration submodule uses the stratigraphic structure data set to set the rock porosity and fluid dynamic characteristics for the GIS model, adjust the simulation parameters of the oil and gas flow direction, optimize the exploration and development configuration of the oil and gas field, and obtain the specific process of the configuration optimization model as follows;

[0083] The technical parameter configuration submodule will extract necessary parameters from the stratigraphic structure dataset, such as rock porosity and permeability. Parameters are optimized through a specific numerical analysis process, for example, porosity will be calibrated by comparing with data from known similar geological structures. Adjustments to fluid dynamic characteristics are based on field test data and historical simulation results to achieve optimal fluid flow efficiency. The configuration optimization model is based on the existing GIS model, and the oil and gas flow direction and distribution are recalculated according to the new parameter settings, so that the model reflects the underground situation more accurately.

[0084] The initial model establishment submodule generates the initialization model data by configuring the optimization model, synchronizing the groundwater level and the chemical properties of the geological layer, adjusting the model to match the current geological conditions, optimizing the exploration layout, and the specific process is as follows;

[0085] The initial model establishment submodule performs the final verification of the configuration optimization model, including real-time monitoring of groundwater levels, comparing the monitoring data with the water level prediction in the model, and making adjustments based on the deviations. At the same time, the chemical properties of each geological layer will be detected to ensure that the properties match the settings in the model. The formula used in the adjustment process is water level adjustment coefficient = measured water level / model predicted water level, chemical property matching index = relative error between the measured chemical properties and the model set values. Finally, the initial model establishment submodule ensures that the generated initialized model data can accurately guide subsequent oil and gas field exploration and development activities.

[0086] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the parameter optimization and update module includes:

[0087] The model performance evaluation submodule uses GIS to analyze the performance of the geological model based on the initialization model data, measure the response speed of the model and the data processing accuracy, and generate the specific process of performance diagnosis results as follows;

[0088] The model performance evaluation submodule comprehensively collects the initialization model data, including the physical and chemical properties of each geological layer and its spatial distribution. Through the built-in analysis tools of the GIS system, the submodule performs a time test on the response speed of the geological model and records the time required from data input to result output. The data processing accuracy is evaluated by comparing the deviation between the model output and the verified data. Therefore, the calculation formula used in the response speed test is response time = result output time point - data input time point, and the accuracy test formula is accuracy deviation = (model output value - verification data value) / verification data value. Based on the test results, the performance diagnosis results will record various performance indicators in detail to provide a basis for parameter adjustment of subsequent modules.

[0089] The dynamic parameter adjustment submodule adjusts the key performance indicators in the GIS environment according to the performance diagnosis results, simulates the effect of each adjustment in real time, and obtains the specific process of parameter optimization configuration as follows;

[0090] After obtaining the performance diagnosis results, the dynamic parameter adjustment submodule fine-tunes the key performance indicators in the model. This includes optimizing the resolution of the geological structure model and optimizing the data processing algorithm. After each adjustment, the submodule will rerun the model in the GIS environment to observe the impact of the adjustment on the model performance. The formula used to evaluate the effect of the adjustment is the percentage of effect improvement = (performance indicator after adjustment - performance indicator before adjustment) / performance indicator before adjustment. By repeating the process until the performance indicator reaches the preset optimization target, a set of optimized parameter configurations is finally formed to improve the overall performance and accuracy of the model.

[0091] The model stability test submodule uses parameter optimization configuration to perform stability testing, including continuous operation and extreme geological conditions simulation, and the specific process of forming numerical solution stability data is as follows;

[0092] The model stability test submodule first sets up a continuous operation test to simulate the performance of the model under continuous operation to ensure that the model does not experience performance degradation during long-term operation. The extreme geological condition simulation tests the robustness of the model by setting different geological scenarios (such as high pressure, high temperature, and abnormal chemical environment). The formula for the continuous operation test is stability index = coefficient of variation of performance indicators during continuous operation, and the formula for extreme condition simulation is robustness score = (performance under extreme conditions - performance under normal conditions) / performance under normal conditions. This confirms the stability of the model and ensures that the model can work reliably in practical applications.

[0093] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the oil and gas flow display module includes:

[0094] The fluid dynamic simulation submodule simulates oil and gas flow based on the stability data of the numerical solution, uses the Newton-Raphson method, analyzes the flow velocity and pressure change data, identifies the flow characteristics in the formation, and generates the specific process of fluid behavior analysis results:

[0095] The fluid dynamic simulation submodule first receives the numerical solution stability data from the parameter optimization and update module, providing detailed information on the initial and boundary conditions for the oil and gas flow. The submodule uses the data to set up the simulation environment. During the simulation, each step of the oil and gas flow is accurately tracked, and each change point of the flow rate and pressure is calculated. The formula used for flow rate calculation is flow rate change = (current flow rate - initial flow rate) / time difference, and the pressure change uses pressure change = (current pressure - initial pressure) / time difference. This can identify key flow characteristics in the formation, such as areas with accelerated flow rate or locations with abnormal pressure, and ultimately generate fluid behavior analysis results.

[0096] The Newton-Raphson method is based on the modified formula I:

[0097]

[0098] Calculate the dynamic changes of flow velocity and pressure, identify the flow characteristics in the formation, and generate fluid behavior analysis results;

[0099] Among them, x n is the variable value in the current iteration step, representing the estimated value of various parameters of flow rate or pressure. n+1 is the variable value in the next iteration step, calculated according to the Newton-Raphson method, and is used to gradually approach the true solution. γ is the step size factor, which is used to control the update step size during the iteration process, which helps to adjust the convergence speed and stability and avoid oscillation or divergence caused by over-adjustment. n , p, K, θ, λ) at x n The nonlinear equation that represents fluid flow under the influence of parameters such as , pore pressure p, permeability coefficient K, formation inclination θ, fluid viscosity λ, etc. It takes into account the physical and chemical characteristics of oil and gas flow and is used to describe the fluid behavior under target geological and operating conditions. n , p, K, θ, λ) function is f(x n , p, K, θ, λ) about x n The derivative of x n The sensitivity of the value of the function f to the change in the variable x np is the pore pressure, which refers to the fluid pressure in the pores of the formation in the oil and gas field, affecting the flow and extraction of oil and gas. K is the permeability coefficient, which describes the ability of the formation to allow fluid to pass through, affecting the fluid flow rate and efficiency. θ is the formation dip, which indicates the degree of inclination of the formation relative to the horizontal plane, affecting the flow direction and accumulation of oil and gas in the formation. λ is the fluid viscosity, which describes the magnitude of the internal friction of the fluid, affects the resistance and speed of fluid flow, and is a key physical property for evaluating fluid flow performance.

[0100] The execution process is as follows:

[0101] Assume that the flow rate u of the fluid through the formation is affected by the pore pressure p, permeability K, formation inclination θ and fluid viscosity λ. A basic equation can be set to describe how the flow rate is affected by the factors:

[0102]

[0103] Here, Δp represents the pressure gradient, which is directly related to the pore pressure p and can be expressed as Δp=p in -p out , where p in and p out are the pressure inside and outside the formation respectively.

[0104] The derivative f′(u, p, K, θ, λ) of the equation f(u, p, K, θ, λ) with respect to u is directly related to the rate of change of the flow velocity u and is therefore:

[0105] f′(u, p, K, θ, λ)=1

[0106] Set the initial value u0 to start the iteration. The step size factor γ can be adjusted as needed to optimize the stability and convergence speed of the iteration.

[0107] Use the improved formula I to calculate the next value of u:

[0108]

[0109] Set γ to 1 unless adjustment is required to avoid overshoot or improve stability.

[0110] The iterations continue until the value of u changes very little, or until a preset number of iterations is reached, thus ensuring the accuracy of the solution.

[0111] The calculation of the pressure gradient Δp is based on the pore pressure and the formation structure, which is determined by preset geological data. The influence of the formation dip angle θ is integrated into the flow velocity calculation through cos(θ), taking into account the influence of the physical tilt of the formation on the flow. The permeability K and the fluid viscosity λ directly affect the flow capacity of the fluid and are obtained based on geological tests or historical data.

[0112] The path drawing submodule uses the fluid behavior analysis results to draw the flow path of oil and gas in the formation on GIS. The specific process of obtaining the path image data is as follows;

[0113] The path drawing submodule uses GIS tools to convert data into a visual flow path map based on the flow characteristics in the fluid behavior analysis results, such as areas with high flow rates and pressure mutation points. The width and color changes of the path are used to represent different levels of flow rate and pressure. For example, the path is wider in areas with high flow rates and darker in areas with high pressure. The generated path image data not only clearly shows the flow pattern of oil and gas, but also helps analysts understand the impact of formation structure on oil and gas flow.

[0114] The GIS integrated display submodule uses the path image data to integrate geological structure and fluid dynamic data in GIS, conducts data stacking analysis and visual optimization, and obtains the specific process of the dynamic map of oil and gas distribution as follows;

[0115] The GIS integrated display submodule overlays the path image data with the geological structure data, and uses spatial analysis technology to comprehensively consider the physical characteristics of the geological layer and the oil and gas flow characteristics. The interaction between the geological structure and the fluid dynamics can be observed simultaneously in a single view. The visual optimization process includes adjusting the color contrast, image clarity, and dynamic effects to ensure the intuitiveness of the map and the accurate transmission of information. The resulting dynamic map of oil and gas distribution is used to evaluate the development potential of oil and gas fields and plan the optimal development strategy.

[0116] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the landform data calculation module includes:

[0117] The terrain feature analysis submodule performs terrain analysis based on the oil and gas field terrain data, identifies each terrain feature including slope change, curvature distribution and surface roughness, and generates terrain attribute records in the following specific process;

[0118] The terrain feature analysis submodule extracts key information from the detailed terrain data of the oil and gas field, such as the high and low points, slope angle and its range of variation. The slope of each point on the topographic map is calculated by numerical processing and classified. The slope change is calculated by the slope change = (maximum slope - minimum slope) / total measurement area, and the curvature distribution is calculated by the terrain curvature formula, which is curvature = 1 / curve radius. The evaluation of surface roughness is based on the statistical analysis of surface unevenness, which is carried out by comparing the surface height difference in different areas. Generate terrain attribute records, which include statistical data and topographic maps of various terrain features.

[0119] The terrain complexity measurement submodule uses terrain attribute records to compare the structural complexity of each type of terrain feature, evaluate the terrain variability and structural boundaries, and obtain the specific process of complexity assessment results as follows;

[0120] The terrain complexity measurement submodule uses the data in the terrain attribute records to calculate the structural complexity of the terrain. This includes the assessment of terrain variability, which is performed using the coefficient of variation formula, which is coefficient of variation = standard deviation / average value. The assessment of structural boundaries is achieved by comparing the differences in terrain characteristics of adjacent regions, using the difference index formula, difference index = (characteristic value of one region - characteristic value of adjacent regions) / average characteristic value. The terrain complexity assessment results are generated to provide accurate quantitative data for subsequent terrain analysis.

[0121] The index output submodule converts the complexity information into numerical indicators according to the complexity assessment results, and the specific process of generating the terrain structure index is as follows;

[0122] The index output submodule converts the coefficient of variation and difference index in the complexity assessment results into a comprehensive terrain structure index. The weighted average method is used, in which each complexity index is assigned different weights according to its importance in affecting the terrain. The calculation formula is terrain structure index = Σ(weight i * complexity assessment index i), where i represents different terrain complexity indicators. It ensures that the contribution of different terrain features to the overall terrain structure index is reasonably evaluated and integrated according to their geological importance, so that the final output terrain structure index can accurately reflect the overall complexity of the terrain and potential exploration challenges.

[0123] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the fractal dimension integration module includes:

[0124] The fractal characteristic analysis submodule evaluates the geometric characteristics and fractal dimension of the terrain based on the terrain structure index, identifies the statistical self-similarity of each type of terrain, and analyzes the impact of the characteristics on the spatial distribution of oil and gas fields. The specific process of generating terrain dimension analysis data is as follows;

[0125] The fractal characteristic analysis submodule obtains detailed terrain data from the terrain structure index, and the data reflects the geometric complexity and structural characteristics of the terrain. The fractal dimension is calculated using the fractal geometry analysis method, and the formula is fractal dimension = log (number of terrain coverage areas) / log (scale ratio). This determines the self-similarity of the terrain and evaluates the repeatability and regularity of the terrain at different scales. In addition, the analysis also involves comparing the terrain characteristics with the known spatial distribution data of oil and gas fields to identify how the geometric characteristics of the terrain affect the potential accumulation areas of oil and gas. The formation of terrain dimension analysis data provides insights into how terrain affects resource distribution.

[0126] The data overlay processing submodule uses terrain dimension analysis data, performs data overlay in GIS, combines terrain dimension data with current geological data, and obtains the specific process of terrain overlay map as follows;

[0127] The data overlay processing submodule uses GIS tools to overlay terrain dimension analysis data with geological structure data, and uses the spatial analysis function of GIS to integrate and synchronize multi-source data. Through data overlay, the submodule can display the fractal dimension of terrain and geological attributes, such as rock formation types and fault lines, in the same view. It helps to reveal the interaction between terrain and geological characteristics, and how the interaction affects the distribution and flow of oil and gas.

[0128] The terrain mapping submodule uses the terrain overlay map and fractal dimension analysis method to create a terrain complexity map in the GIS interface, showing the complexity changes and fractal characteristics of each terrain area. The specific process of obtaining the complexity space map is as follows;

[0129] The terrain mapping submodule uses the fractal dimension as the key mapping indicator to produce a complexity space map based on the data in the terrain overlay map. Different colors and patterns are used to indicate different complexity levels, making the complexity characteristics of the terrain clear at a glance. The map not only provides a visual display of terrain complexity, but also provides data-based support for exploration and development decisions, enabling decision makers to better understand and predict the potential impact of terrain on the distribution of oil and gas resources.

[0130] The fractal dimension analysis method is based on the improved formula II:

[0131]

[0132] Calculate the fractal dimension of the terrain, create a complexity map of the terrain in the GIS interface, display the complexity changes and fractal characteristics of each terrain area, and obtain a complexity space map;

[0133] Where D′ represents the improved fractal dimension, which is used to describe the geometric complexity and self-similarity of the terrain. log() represents the natural logarithm function. N is the minimum number of areas covering the terrain at scale ∈, indicating the number of times the terrain can be completely covered by the minimum number of covering units at a given scale. f(P, R, S, T) is the terrain complexity function, which is used to comprehensively consider the effects of terrain slope change, geological fault density, groundwater level change rate and stratum chemical property variability on terrain complexity. P is the terrain slope change, which reflects the inclination and mutation of the terrain. R is the geological fault density, which indicates the concentration of geological faults in the target area and is used to evaluate the complexity of the geological structure. S is the groundwater level change rate, which provides dynamic change information on groundwater activity and reflects the trend of groundwater level change over time. T is the stratum chemical property variability, indicating the heterogeneity and difference of chemical properties between different geological layers. ∈ is the scale of investigation, which is the scale ratio in fractal analysis and is used to define the scale level of terrain coverage.

[0134] The execution process is as follows:

[0135] Parameter definition and data acquisition

[0136] P (terrain slope change): Extract the slope of each measuring point from the terrain data and calculate the difference between its average value and the maximum and minimum values.

[0137] R (geological fault density): The fault density is obtained by calculating the number of faults in the target area and dividing it by the total area of ​​the area through geological survey data.

[0138] S (groundwater level change rate): By continuously monitoring the groundwater level data, the rate of change of the water level within a certain time window is calculated, that is, the difference in water level changes divided by the time interval.

[0139] T (Variability of Formation Chemical Properties): Analyze the chemical composition of formation samples and calculate the standard deviation or coefficient of variation of the main chemical elements between different samples.

[0140] Calculation of terrain complexity function f(P, R, S, T)

[0141] The contribution of each parameter is calculated for each parameter such as slope change, fault density, etc., and its scale is first adjusted by standardization or normalization to ensure the consistency and comparability of the data.

[0142] Apply the exponential function e (P+R+S+T) , the weighted parameter value is used as the power of the exponent to calculate the comprehensive index of terrain complexity. The natural index is used to amplify the differences between parameters and better reflect their contribution to terrain complexity.

[0143] Multiplying the result of the complexity function f(P, R, S, T) by the minimum number of areas covered by the terrain N reflects the interactive effect of terrain complexity and spatial coverage at the investigation scale ∈.

[0144] The improved formula II is applied to quantify the relationship between complexity and scale into a value, namely the fractal dimension, through logarithmic transformation.

[0145] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the project management and monitoring modules include:

[0146] The project progress tracking submodule monitors the execution progress of the entire oil and gas field engineering construction project based on the complexity space mapping diagram and the oil and gas distribution dynamic map, analyzes the completion status of key tasks and compares them with the timeline, and generates the specific process of progress analysis results as follows;

[0147] The project progress tracking submodule integrates the complexity space map and the dynamic map of oil and gas distribution, providing key visual information about terrain difficulty and resource distribution, which is of great significance for planning and scheduling. Progress monitoring adopts a baseline comparison method, in which each key task of the project is tracked according to the scheduled timeline. Data collection on the completion of key tasks is completed through field reports and automated tools, and progress information is updated in real time. The progress analysis results are generated by calculating the deviation ratio of actual completed work to planned work, with the formula of progress deviation ratio = (planned completed work-actual completed work) / planned completed work. It provides management with an instant progress snapshot to help determine whether the project is progressing on time.

[0148] The geological feedback analysis submodule uses the progress analysis results to analyze the collected geological feedback through GIS, evaluates the impact on the project progress, and obtains the specific process of the real-time geological adjustment plan:

[0149] The geological feedback analysis submodule combines on-site geological data provided by geologists and engineers for analysis, including rock types, fault activity, and other geological events that may affect construction. GIS tools are used to perform spatial analysis of geological feedback data to identify geological risks related to project schedules. The analysis uses the geological risk impact assessment formula, which is risk impact = probability of geological event * possible workload. Generate real-time geological adjustment plans, including possible changes in construction areas or enhanced monitoring measures to ensure that the project can adapt to changing geological conditions.

[0150] The project adjustment and output submodule updates and optimizes the project management strategy according to the real-time geological adjustment plan, including resource reallocation and construction time adjustment, and generates the project progress and monitoring data set.

[0151] After receiving the geological adjustment plan, the project adjustment and output submodule conducts detailed resource adjustment planning to ensure that all resources (such as manpower, machinery and materials) are optimally configured according to the new project requirements. Resource reallocation is based on the resource optimization formula, which is resource demand adjustment = additional resource demand * adjustment coefficient. In addition, the construction time is adjusted according to the geological conditions and progress analysis results to ensure that the working time of each stage is synchronized with the risk assessment. Through the implementation of project management software, all stakeholders can obtain the latest project information in real time. The generated project progress and monitoring data set provides the project team with a comprehensive view, including progress tracking, resource status and future work plans, to support the smooth execution of the project and management decisions.

[0152] like Fig. 9 As shown, the GIS-based digital delivery method for oil and gas field engineering construction is executed based on the above-mentioned GIS-based digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction, and includes the following steps:

[0153] S1: Based on the geographic data of oil and gas fields, analyze the formation structure and fluid characteristics, set the initial formation layout, and generate initialization model data;

[0154] S2: Based on the initialized model data, adjust the model data and simulate the conditions, and repeat the update until the preset stability standard is reached to obtain the stability data of the numerical solution;

[0155] S3: Based on the stability data of the numerical solution, the flow path of oil and gas in the formation is simulated and displayed on the GIS interface to generate a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution;

[0156] S4: Based on the topographic data of oil and gas fields, the slope, curvature and roughness of the terrain are evaluated, the complexity of the terrain structure is calculated, and the terrain structure index is obtained;

[0157] S5: Based on the terrain structure index, the terrain features are mapped in GIS, the relationship between the terrain and the spatial distribution of oil and gas fields is analyzed, and the complexity space map is created;

[0158] S6: Monitor project progress based on complexity space mapping and oil and gas distribution dynamic maps, adjust management measures based on geological data feedback, and generate project progress and monitoring data sets;

[0159] S7: Based on the project progress and monitoring data sets, evaluate project data, optimize strategies and adjust resource allocation, and establish project execution strategies.

[0160] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS is characterized by: The system comprises: The underground parameter initialization module extracts the structure, fluid characteristics and layout from the geographic data of the oil and gas field, sets the initial conditions based on the extracted data, and generates the initialization model data; The parameter optimization and updating module takes the initialization model data as a starting point, repeatedly updates the model data through parameter adjustment and condition simulation, until the preset stability standard is reached, and forms numerical solution stability data; The oil and gas flow display module uses the stability data of the numerical solution to perform flow simulation, draw the dynamic path of oil and gas through each formation, and display it on the GIS interface to obtain a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution; The geomorphic data calculation module calculates the structural complexity based on the oil and gas field terrain data according to the terrain characteristics, converts the complexity into a numerical index, and generates a terrain structure index; The fractal dimension integration module performs spatial correspondence and layered analysis on the terrain structure index, superimposes the numerical index on the GIS map, analyzes the terrain characteristics of the oil and gas field through graphic comparison, and creates a complexity space mapping diagram; The project management and monitoring module monitors the execution progress and geological feedback of oil and gas field engineering construction projects based on the complexity space mapping diagram and the oil and gas distribution dynamic map, adjusts project management measures, and generates project progress and monitoring data sets; The initialization model data includes multiple formation characteristic information such as rock porosity, geological fault distribution, groundwater level and chemical properties of related geological layers; the numerical solution stability data includes multiple adjusted fluid dynamic parameters such as flow rate threshold, pressure difference limit and adjustment frequency; the oil and gas distribution dynamic map includes fluid dynamic simulation results, flow direction changes and visualization levels of potential mining areas; the terrain structure index includes quantitative analysis of terrain slope changes, curvature distribution and surface roughness; the complexity space mapping diagram includes terrain elevation variation, geological structure boundaries and vegetation coverage display; the project progress and monitoring data set includes key performance indicator tracking, project risk assessment and environmental monitoring data summary; The fractal dimension integration module comprises: The fractal characteristic analysis submodule evaluates the geometric characteristics and fractal dimension of the terrain based on the terrain structure index, identifies the statistical self-similarity of each type of terrain, and analyzes the influence of the characteristics on the spatial distribution of oil and gas fields, thereby generating terrain dimension analysis data; The data overlay processing submodule uses the terrain dimension analysis data to perform data overlay in GIS, combines the terrain dimension data with the current geological data, and obtains a terrain overlay map; The terrain mapping submodule uses the terrain overlay map and fractal dimension analysis to create a terrain complexity map in the GIS interface, showing the complexity changes and fractal characteristics of each terrain area, and obtaining a complexity space mapping map; The fractal dimension analysis method is based on the improved formula II: ， Calculate the fractal dimension of the terrain, create a complexity map of the terrain in the GIS interface, display the complexity changes and fractal characteristics of each terrain area, and obtain a complexity space map; in, represents the improved fractal dimension, represents the natural logarithm function, N is the scale The minimum number of areas to cover the terrain, is the terrain complexity function, P is the terrain slope change, R is the geological fault density, S is the groundwater level change rate, T is the variability of the formation chemical properties, To examine the scale.

2. The GIS-based digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil and gas flow display module includes: The fluid dynamic simulation submodule simulates the oil and gas flow based on the numerical solution stability data using the Newton-Raphson method, analyzes the flow velocity and pressure change data, identifies the flow characteristics in the formation, and generates fluid behavior analysis results; The path drawing submodule uses the fluid behavior analysis results to draw the flow path of oil and gas in the formation on the GIS to obtain path image data; The GIS integrated display submodule utilizes the path image data to integrate geological structure and fluid dynamic data in GIS, performs data stacking analysis and visual optimization, and obtains a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution.

3. The GIS-based digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The Newton-Raphson method is based on the improved formula I: ， Calculate the dynamic changes of flow velocity and pressure, identify the flow characteristics in the formation, and generate fluid behavior analysis results; in, is the value of the variable in the current iteration step, is the value of the variable in the next iteration step, is the step size factor, exist , pore pressure p, permeability coefficient K, formation dip , fluid viscosity The nonlinear equations representing the fluid flow under the influence of the parameters, The function is about The derivative of The sensitivity of the f function value to change, p is the pore pressure, K is the permeability coefficient, is the formation inclination, is the fluid viscosity.

4. The GIS-based digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The landform data calculation module comprises: The terrain feature analysis submodule performs terrain analysis based on oil and gas field terrain data, identifies each terrain feature including slope change, curvature distribution and surface roughness, and generates terrain attribute records; The terrain complexity measurement submodule uses the terrain attribute records to compare the structural complexity of each type of terrain feature, evaluate the variability and structural boundaries of the terrain, and obtain complexity assessment results; The index output submodule converts the complexity information into a numerical index according to the complexity evaluation result, and generates a terrain structure index.

5. The GIS-based digital delivery system for oil and gas field engineering construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The project management and monitoring module includes: The project progress tracking submodule monitors the execution progress of the entire oil and gas field engineering construction project based on the complexity space mapping diagram and the oil and gas distribution dynamic map, analyzes the completion status of key tasks and compares them with the timeline, and generates progress analysis results; The geological feedback analysis submodule utilizes the progress analysis results to analyze the collected geological feedback through GIS, evaluates the impact on the project progress, and obtains a real-time geological adjustment plan; The project adjustment and output submodule updates and optimizes the project management strategy according to the real-time geological adjustment plan, including resource reallocation and construction time adjustment, and generates project progress and monitoring data sets.

6. A digital delivery method for oil and gas field engineering construction based on GIS, characterized by: The implementation of the GIS-based oil and gas field engineering construction digital delivery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps: Based on the geographic data of oil and gas fields, the formation structure and fluid characteristics are analyzed, the initial formation layout is set, and the initialization model data is generated; Based on the initialized model data, adjusting the model data and simulating the conditions, and repeatedly updating until a preset stability standard is reached, thereby obtaining numerical solution stability data; Based on the stability data of the numerical solution, the flow path of oil and gas in the formation is simulated and displayed on the GIS interface to generate a dynamic map of oil and gas distribution; Based on the topographic data of oil and gas fields, the slope, curvature and roughness of the terrain are evaluated, the complexity of the terrain structure is calculated, and the terrain structure index is obtained; Based on the terrain structure index, the terrain features are mapped in GIS, the relationship between the terrain and the spatial distribution of oil and gas fields is analyzed, and a complexity space map is created; Based on the complexity space mapping diagram and the oil and gas distribution dynamic map, monitor the project progress, and adjust the management measures according to the geological data feedback to generate the project progress and monitoring data set; Based on the project progress and monitoring data set, evaluate project data, optimize strategies and adjust resource allocation, and establish project execution strategies.

Images