A crushing device and method for biomass fuel

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel processing, and specifically discloses a crushing device and method for biomass fuel, comprising a crushing box and a conveying component, wherein two licker-in rollers, two arc-shaped plates, a shear plate and a driving mechanism are arranged in the crushing box, each licker-in roller is provided with a plurality of spike units, each spike unit includes a plurality of spike parts, and the spike parts on the two licker-in rollers are arranged in a staggered manner, each spike unit has a locking state and an unlocking state, when in the locking state, the spike unit is relatively fixed to the licker-in roller, when in the unlocking state, the spike unit can slide with the licker-in roller along the circumference of the licker-in roller, each arc-shaped plate is provided with a plurality of through openings, and when the spike parts pass through the through openings, the materials can be sheared and crushed; the invention can make hard impurities such as stones mixed in the materials fall off before crushing, and at the same time, the soil attached to the materials can be knocked off, so as to ensure the quality of the biomass fuel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel processing, and in particular to a crushing device and method for biomass fuel. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel refers to the use of biomass materials as fuel, generally mainly agricultural and forestry waste (such as straw, sawdust, bagasse, rice bran, etc.). The application of biomass fuel is actually mainly biomass molded fuel, which uses agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, and is made into various shapes (such as blocks, granules, etc.) through processes such as crushing, mixing, extrusion, and drying. It is a new type of clean fuel that can be directly burned.

[0003] The patent document with authorization announcement number CN118080093B discloses a biomass fuel crusher, including a crushing barrel, a crushing support frame is provided on the upper wall of the crushing barrel, an automatic reciprocating crushing assembly is provided on the upper wall array of the crushing support frame, an intermittent transmission assembly is provided on the crushing support frame, a crushing transmission assembly is provided on the crushing support frame, the crushing transmission assembly runs through the intermittent transmission assembly and the crushing support frame, a rotary screening assembly is provided at the lower end of the crushing transmission assembly, the rotary screening assembly is arranged in the crushing barrel, the intermittent transmission assembly includes an incomplete gear and a driven gear, the incomplete gear is alternately meshed with the driven gear, the patent realizes the up and down reciprocating motion of the crushing knife and the rotation of the screening plate through the incomplete gear, which can not only cut the rice straw and wheat straw into segments, but also realize the turning of the rice straw and wheat straw, and screen the cut rice straw and wheat straw.

[0004] However, after the rice straw and wheat stalks are harvested from the fields, they may be mixed with some impurities such as dirt and stones. When the rice straw and wheat stalks are crushed, the hard impurities such as stones inside may damage the crushing equipment and affect the service life of the equipment. Impurities such as dirt will be mixed in the crushed rice straw and wheat stalks, affecting the quality of subsequent biomass fuel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a crushing device and method for biomass fuel, aiming to solve the problem that when a crusher in the related art crushes rice straw and wheat straw, hard impurities such as stones inside the rice straw and wheat straw may damage the crushing equipment and reduce the service life of the equipment, and impurities such as soil may be mixed in the crushed rice straw and wheat straw, affecting the quality of subsequent biomass fuel.

[0006] In a first aspect, a crushing device for biomass fuel of the present invention comprises a crushing box and a conveying assembly, wherein the crushing box is provided with two licker-in rollers, two arc-shaped plates arranged below the licker-in rollers, a shear plate arranged between the two licker-in rollers, and a driving mechanism;

[0007] Each licker-in roller is provided with a plurality of spike units along its circumference, each spike unit includes a plurality of spike parts arranged along the axial direction of the licker-in roller, and the spike parts on the two licker-in rollers are arranged alternately, each spike unit has a locked state and an unlocked state, when in the locked state, the spike unit is relatively fixed to the licker-in roller, when in the unlocked state, the spike unit can slide with the licker-in roller along the circumference of the licker-in roller, each arc plate is provided with a sieve hole, and a plurality of through openings are provided on the shear plate, and when the spike part passes through the through opening, the material can be sheared and crushed;

[0008] The driving mechanism includes driving structure 1, driving structure 2 and driving structure 3. The driving structure 1 is used to drive the two pricking rollers to rotate in opposite directions to pull the materials falling into the crushing box to both sides. The driving structure 2 is used to drive the spike unit to switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. The driving structure 3 is used to drive the spike unit in the unlocked state to slide back and forth along the circumference of the pricking roller to repeatedly beat the materials on the arc plate.

[0009] The two pricking rollers can rotate in opposite directions to pull the material to both sides and make it fluffy, which is conducive to the falling of hard impurities such as stones mixed in the material and avoid damage to the device during subsequent crushing. Then, through the cooperation of the driving structure two and the driving structure three, the spike unit can repeatedly beat the material on the arc plate to knock off the soil attached to the material and avoid the soil from affecting the quality of the biomass fuel. Then, the material can be sheared and crushed through the cooperation of the spike part and the shear plate.

[0010] Preferably, a blanking plate is connected between the two arc-shaped plates, and the blanking plate is located below the shear plate. The blanking plate includes a plurality of rods arranged in parallel, and there is a gap between any two adjacent rods for materials to fall and for the spikes to pass through, and the spikes on the two pricking rollers passing between the rods have overlapping parts.

[0011] It can intercept the incompletely crushed materials, and through the rotation of the licker-in roller, carry this part of the materials to the shear plate for re-crushing to ensure the crushing effect of the materials.

[0012] Preferably, each pricking unit also includes support rod one and support rod two arranged along the axial direction of the licker-in roller, and a connecting rod connected between support rod one and support rod two, support rod one is arranged on the outside of the licker-in roller, support rod two is arranged on the inside of the licker-in roller, the pricking part is arranged on support rod one, a through hole is arranged on the side wall of the licker-in roller, and the connecting rod slides with the licker-in roller through the through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the driving structure 1 includes a fixed shaft, a gear and a motor. There are two fixed shafts and two gears, which are respectively arranged corresponding to two licker-in rollers. Each fixed shaft is fixedly arranged inside the crushing box, and the licker-in roller is rotatably arranged outside the fixed shaft. The gear is fixedly connected to the licker-in roller, and the two gears are meshed and connected. The output end of the motor is connected to one of the gears.

[0014] Preferably, driving structure 2 includes a driving wheel fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, a driving rod slidably matched with the connecting rod, a locking groove arranged on the inner wall of the pricking roller, and a locking piece connected to the driving rod. The peripheral side of the driving wheel is composed of contact portion 1 and contact portion 2, and the radius of contact portion 1 is greater than the radius of contact portion 2. A spring is provided between one end of the driving rod extending into the connecting rod and the connecting rod, and the other end is a contact end. When the contact end contacts contact portion 1, the locking piece can extend into the locking groove, so that the spike unit is in a locked state. When the tip of the spike portion points to the arc plate, the contact end contacts contact portion 2. At this time, the locking piece can be disengaged from the locking groove, so that the spike unit is in an unlocked state.

[0015] When the spike unit rotates with the pricking roller, the locking piece can be extended into the locking groove or disengaged from the locking groove through the cooperation of the driving wheel and the driving rod, so that the spike unit can be switched between the locked state and the unlocked state.

[0016] Preferably, the driving structure three includes a plurality of paddles and a plurality of spring blocks, the plurality of paddles are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of spike units and are fixedly connected to a support rod one in the spike unit, the plurality of spring blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the crushing box at intervals along the circumference of the pricking-in roller, when the spike unit is in a locked state, the spring blocks will shrink after contacting the paddles, so that the paddles can pass over the spring blocks, when the spike unit is in an unlocked state, the spring blocks will block the paddles after contacting the paddles, a plurality of fixed plates are fixed in the pricking-in roller, an elastic telescopic rod is connected between the fixed plate and the connecting rod, and the force of the elastic telescopic rod is less than the force of the spring blocks.

[0017] Preferably, a baffle is hinged at each opening on the shear plate, a plurality of debris collecting grooves are provided at the upper end of the shear plate, a mounting opening is provided on the side wall of the crushing box, the shear plate slides with the crushing box through the mounting opening, and a handle 2 is provided on one side of the shear plate for facilitating pulling the shear plate outward.

[0018] In the initial state, the baffle can close the opening to prevent stones mixed in the material from falling directly from the opening. When the spike passes through the opening, the baffle will be forced to flip over, and the impurities falling on the baffle will be turned over into the collecting trough for collection, which is convenient for subsequent separate cleaning.

[0019] Preferably, two material receiving plates are connected to the crushing box, and the two material receiving plates are respectively connected to the two arc-shaped plates to divide the space at the lower part of the crushing box into a material dropping chamber and two dust collecting chambers. The material dropping chamber is located between the two material receiving plates, and a material discharge port is provided at the lower end of the material dropping chamber. The two dust collecting chambers are respectively located below the two arc-shaped plates, and a dust discharge port communicating with the dust collecting chamber is provided at the lower end of the crushing box.

[0020] Preferably, an inspection opening is provided on the side wall of the crushing box, a sealing plate for closing the inspection opening is hingedly connected to the inspection opening, and a handle is connected to the sealing plate for facilitating flipping of the sealing plate.

[0021] It is convenient to inspect and repair the inside of the crushing box to ensure the service life of the device.

[0022] In a second aspect, a method for crushing biomass fuel of the present invention uses the above-mentioned crushing device for biomass fuel, which comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Adding materials: adding materials to be crushed into the crushing box through the conveying component;

[0024] S2, pulling materials: the driving structure 1 drives the two licker-in rollers to rotate in opposite directions, so that the materials falling into the crushing box are pulled to both sides through the spikes on the licker-in rollers;

[0025] S3, beating the material: when the material rotates with the licker-in roller to the top of the arc plate, the corresponding spike unit is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state through the second driving structure, and the spike unit in the unlocked state is made to slide back and forth along the circumference of the licker-in roller through the third driving structure, so as to repeatedly beat the material above the arc plate;

[0026] S4, cutting: when the material rotates with the licker-in roller to the shear plate, the material is sheared and crushed through the cooperation between the spike part and the opening on the shear plate;

[0027] S5. Discharging: The crushed material falls from between the two licker-in rollers and is discharged from the lower end of the crushing box.

[0028] The two pricking rollers can rotate in opposite directions to pull the material to both sides and make it fluffy, so that hard impurities such as stones mixed in the material can fall off and avoid damage to the device. The drive structure two and the drive structure three can cooperate to make the spike unit repeatedly beat the material on the arc plate and knock off the soil attached to the material to avoid the soil affecting the quality of the biomass fuel.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. After adding the material into the crushing box, the present invention can pull the material to both sides through the reverse rotation of the two licker-in rollers, so that the material becomes fluffy, which is conducive to the falling of hard impurities such as stones mixed in the material, and avoids damage to the device during subsequent crushing. Then, through the cooperation of the driving structure 2 and the driving structure 3, the thorn unit in the unlocked state can be reciprocated along the circumference of the licker-in roller, repeatedly beating the material on the arc plate, and the soil attached to the material can be knocked off, so as to avoid the soil from affecting the quality of the subsequent biomass fuel. Then, the material can be sheared and crushed by the cooperation of the thorn part and the shear plate.

[0031] 2. The present invention is provided with a drop plate, and the material will fall on the drop plate after being crushed. At this time, the crushed material will continue to fall through the drop plate, while the incompletely crushed material will be intercepted above the drop plate and carried to the shear plate by the sharp thorn part through the rotation of the pricking roller for re-crushing to ensure the crushing effect of the material.

[0032] 3. A baffle is hinged on the shear plate of the present invention. In the initial state, the baffle can close the opening to prevent stones mixed in the material from falling directly from the opening. When the spike portion passes through the opening, the baffle will be forced to flip over, and the impurities falling on the baffle will be turned over into the collecting trough for collection, which is convenient for subsequent separate cleaning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention cut along the longitudinal direction.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the licker-in roller and the shear plate of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram of the licker-in roller of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving structure 2 and the driving structure 3 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spike unit of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shear plate of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Crushing box; 11. Feed hopper; 12. Mounting port; 13. Discharge port; 14. Dust exhaust port; 15. Closing plate; 151. Handle 1; 16. Conveyor belt; 161. Baffle rod; 17. Mounting ring; 2. Pick-in roller; 201. Through-hole; 21. Spike unit; 211. Spike part; 212. Support rod 1; 213. Support rod 2; 214. Connecting rod; 22. Fixed shaft; 23. Driving wheel; 231. Contact part 1; 232. Contact part 2; 24. Driving rod; 241. Contact end; 25. Locking groove; 26. Locking piece; 27. Paddle; 28. Spring block; 29. ​​Fixed plate; 291. Elastic telescopic rod; 31. Arc plate; 32. Dropping plate; 33. Receiving plate; 4. Shear plate; 41. Through-hole; 42. Baffle plate; 43. Collecting trough; 44. Handle 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a crushing device for biomass fuel of the present invention comprises a crushing box 1 and a conveying assembly. Two licker-in rollers 2, two arc-shaped plates 31, a shear plate 4 and a driving mechanism are arranged in the crushing box 1.

[0044] A feed hopper 11 is connected to the top of the crushing box 1, and the conveying assembly includes an inclined conveyor belt 16, and the end of the conveyor belt 16 is located at the feed hopper 11, which is used to convey the material to be crushed into the crushing box 1. A plurality of baffles 161 are provided on the conveyor belt 16 to block the material and prevent it from slipping during the conveying process. At the same time, the material can be separated to prevent the material from piling up and squeezing each other.

[0045] Each licker-in roller 2 is provided with a plurality of spike units 21, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the licker-in roller 2. Each spike unit 21 includes a plurality of spike portions 211 arranged along the axial direction of the licker-in roller 2, and the spike portions 211 on the two licker-in rollers 2 are arranged alternately to avoid collision between the spike portions 211 on the two licker-in rollers 2 during rotation. Each spike unit 21 has a locked state and an unlocked state. When in the locked state, the spike unit 21 is relatively fixed to the licker-in roller 2. When in the unlocked state, the spike unit 21 can slide with the licker-in roller 2 along the circumference of the licker-in roller 2. Two arc plates 31 are respectively arranged under the two licker-in rollers 2, and each arc plate 31 is provided with sieve holes. The shear plate 4 is arranged between the two licker-in rollers 2, and the shear plate 4 is provided with a plurality of through openings 41. When the spike portion 211 passes through the through openings 41, the material can be sheared and crushed.

[0046] The driving mechanism includes a driving structure 1, a driving structure 2 and a driving structure 3. The driving structure 1 is used to drive the two licker-in rollers 2 to rotate in opposite directions, pulling the materials falling into the crushing box 1 to both sides. The driving structure 2 is used to drive the spike unit 21 to switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. The driving structure 3 is used to drive the spike unit 21 in the unlocked state to slide back and forth along the circumference of the licker-in roller 2, repeatedly beating the materials on the arc plate 31.

[0047] Specifically, the material to be crushed is added into the feed hopper 11 through the rotation of the conveyor belt 16, and the material will fall into the crushing box 1 along the feed hopper 11 and fall directly above the two licker-in rollers 2. At this time, the two licker-in rollers 2 are driven to rotate in opposite directions through the driving structure 1, and the material can be pulled to both sides through the spikes 211 on the licker-in rollers 2, so that the material becomes fluffy. At this time, hard impurities such as small stones entrained in the material can fall off, avoiding damage to the spikes 211 and the shear plate 4 during the subsequent crushing process, thereby ensuring the normal use of the device; the torn material continues to rotate with the licker-in roller 2, and when the material rotates above the arc plate 31, the corresponding spike unit 21 can be switched from a locked state to an unlocked state through the driving structure 2, and the spike unit 21 in the unlocked state can be reciprocated along the circumference of the licker-in roller 2 through the driving structure 3, so as to move the material above the arc plate 31. The material is repeatedly beaten to knock off the dirt and other impurities attached to the material, so as to prevent the dirt from affecting the quality of the biomass fuel; then the material continues to rotate with the licker-in roller 2, and when the material rotates to the shear plate 4, the spike unit 21 can be switched from the unlocked state to the locked state through the driving structure 2, and the locked spike unit 21 will continue to rotate with the licker-in roller 2 and pass through the through hole 41 provided on the shear plate 4. In this process, the material carried to the shear plate 4 can be sheared and crushed by the cooperation of the spike portion 211 and the through hole 41, and the crushed material will fall between the two licker-in rollers 2 and be discharged from the lower end of the crushing box 1, wherein, in the process of the material rotating from the arc plate 31 to the bottom of the shear plate 4, the material carried on the two licker-in rollers 2 will gather toward the middle, so that the material is squeezed again, which is beneficial to shearing and crushing the material.

[0048] It should be noted that each pricking unit 21 also includes a support rod 1 212 and a support rod 213 arranged along the axial direction of the pricking roller 2, and a connecting rod 214 connected between the support rod 1 212 and the support rod 213. The support rod 1 212 is arranged on the outside of the pricking roller 2, and the support rod 213 is arranged on the inside of the pricking roller 2. The pricking portion 211 is arranged on the support rod 1 212. A through hole 201 is provided on the side wall of the pricking roller 2. The through hole 201 is arranged along the circumference of the pricking roller 2. The connecting rod 214 slides with the pricking roller 2 through the through hole 201.

[0049] In some embodiments, a blanking plate 32 is connected between the two arc plates 31, and the blanking plate 32 is located below the shear plate 4. The blanking plate 32 includes a plurality of rods arranged in parallel, and there is a gap between any two adjacent rods for materials to fall and for the spikes 211 to pass through, and the spikes 211 on the two pricking rollers 2 passing through the rods have overlapping parts.

[0050] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the crushed material will fall from between the two licker-in rollers 2 and fall above the blanking plate 32. The crushed material will continue to fall through the gap between any two rods, while the incompletely crushed material will be retained above the blanking plate 32. As the licker-in rollers 2 rotate, when the spikes 211 pass through the blanking plate 32, the overlapping parts of the spikes 211 on the two licker-in rollers 2 can lift up the material retained above the blanking plate 32, so that this part of the material is carried to the shear plate 4 for re-crushing to ensure the crushing effect of the material.

[0051] In some embodiments, the driving structure 1 includes a fixed shaft 22, a gear (not shown in the figure), and a motor (not shown in the figure). The fixed shaft 22 and the gear are both provided in two numbers and are respectively provided corresponding to the two licker-in rollers 2. Each fixed shaft 22 is fixedly provided inside the crushing box 1, and the licker-in roller 2 is rotatably provided outside the fixed shaft 22. The gear is fixedly connected to the licker-in roller 2, and the two gears are meshed and connected. The output end of the motor is connected to one of the gears. Specifically, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the motor is started to drive the gear connected to the motor to rotate, and through the meshing transmission between the two gears, the two gears are driven to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby driving the two licker-in rollers 2 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0052] In some embodiments, the driving structure 2 includes a driving wheel 23, a driving rod 24, a locking groove 25 and a locking member 26. The driving wheel 23 is arranged in the pricking roller 2 and is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 22. The peripheral side of the driving wheel 23 is composed of a contact portion 1 231 and a contact portion 232. The radius of the contact portion 1 231 is greater than the radius of the contact portion 232. The contact portion 232 is arranged on the downward side of the driving wheel 23 and is adapted to the position of the arc plate 31. The contact portion 1 231 is arranged on the upward side of the driving wheel 23, and the contact portion 1 231 and the contact portion 232 are transitionally connected. The driving rod 24, the locking groove 25 and the locking member 26 are all provided in plurality and are respectively provided corresponding to the plurality of spike units 21. The driving rod One end of the driving rod 24 extends into the connecting rod 214 and slides with the connecting rod 214 along the axial direction of the connecting rod 214. A spring is connected between the end of the driving rod 24 extending into the connecting rod 214 and the connecting rod 214, and the other end is a contact end 241 that contacts the peripheral side of the driving wheel 23. The locking groove 25 is arranged on the inner wall of the licker-in roller 2, and the locking member 26 is connected to the driving rod 24. When the contact end 241 contacts the contact part 1 231, the locking member 26 can extend into the locking groove 25, so that the spike unit 21 is in a locked state. When the tip of the spike part 211 points to the arc plate 31, the contact end 241 contacts the contact part 2 232. At this time, the locking member 26 can be disengaged from the locking groove 25, so that the spike unit 21 is in an unlocked state.

[0053] Specifically, Figures 2 to 6As shown, when the licker-in roller 2 is driven to rotate by the driving structure 1, the multiple spike units 21 arranged on the licker-in roller 2 are driven to rotate, and the driving rod 24 that is slidably matched with the connecting rod 214 in the spike unit 21 is driven to rotate. When the contact end 241 on the driving rod 24 contacts the contact portion 1 231 on the driving wheel 23, the locking member 26 extends into the locking groove 25. At this time, the spike unit 21 is in a locked state, so that the spike unit 21 can rotate synchronously with the licker-in roller 2, so that the material can be pulled to both sides through the spike portion 211 during the rotation of the licker-in roller 2; when the tip of the spike portion 211 points to the arc plate 31, the contact end 241 on the driving rod 24 contacts the contact portion 232 on the driving wheel 23. Since the radius of the contact portion 232 is smaller than that of the contact portion 231, the contact end 241 on the driving rod 24 contacts the contact portion 232 on the driving wheel 23. The radius of -231 makes the driving rod 24 move toward the direction close to the axis of the licker-in roller 2 under the action of the spring, ensuring that the contact end 241 on the driving rod 24 is always in contact with the peripheral side of the driving wheel 23. When the driving wheel 23 moves toward the direction close to the axis of the licker-in roller 2, it will drive the locking member 26 connected thereto to move synchronously, so that the locking member 26 is disengaged from the locking groove 25. At this time, the spike unit 21 is in an unlocked state, so that the spike unit 21 can slide relative to the licker-in roller 2; when the contact end 241 on the driving rod 24 contacts the contact part -231 again, the locking member 26 will extend into the locking groove 25 again, so that the spike unit 21 is switched to a locked state, so that the material can be sheared and crushed through the cooperation of the spike part 211 and the shear plate 4.

[0054] In some embodiments, the driving structure three includes a plurality of paddles 27 and a plurality of spring blocks 28, the plurality of paddles 27 are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of spike units 21, and are fixedly connected to the support rod 1 212 in the corresponding spike unit 21, and the plurality of spring blocks 28 are arranged on the inner wall of the crushing box 1 along the circumferential interval of the pricking roller 2. In this embodiment, a mounting ring 17 is detachably provided in the crushing box 1, and the plurality of spring blocks 28 are arranged on the mounting ring 17 along the circumferential interval of the mounting ring 17. By disassembling the mounting ring 17 later, the worn spring blocks 28 can be replaced centrally, and the spikes As the unit 21 rotates with the licker-in roller 2, the paddle 27 can contact multiple spring blocks 28 in sequence. When the spike unit 21 is in a locked state, the spring block 28 will shrink after contacting the paddle 27, so that the paddle 27 can pass over the spring block 28. When the spike unit 21 is in an unlocked state, the spring block 28 will block the paddle 27 after contacting the paddle 27. Multiple fixed plates 29 are fixed in the licker-in roller 2, and an elastic telescopic rod 291 is connected between the fixed plate 29 and the connecting rod 214. The force of the elastic telescopic rod 291 is less than the force of the spring block 28.

[0055] Specifically, Figures 2 to 6As shown, the licker-in roller 2 is driven to rotate by the driving structure 1, which will drive the multiple spike units 21 arranged on the licker-in roller 2 to rotate. When the spike unit 21 is in a locked state, the spring block 28 will shrink after contacting the paddle 27, so that the paddle 27 can pass over the spring block 28, so that the spike unit 21 can continue to rotate with the licker-in roller 2. When the spike unit 21 is in an unlocked state, the spring block 28 will block the paddle 27 after contacting the paddle 27, so that the paddle 27 remains stationary, that is, the spike unit 21 remains stationary, so that the licker-in roller 2 will rotate relative to the spike unit 21, and the corresponding elastic telescopic rod 291 will shrink to accumulate force until the spike unit 21 is unlocked. The connecting rod 214 moves to the other end of the through-opening 201. At this time, as the licker-in roller 2 rotates, the spike unit 21 is pushed to rotate. Since the thrust exerted on the spike unit 21 is greater than the force of the spring block 28, the spring block 28 is forced to contract so that the spike unit 21 can smoothly pass over the spring block 28. At this time, the spike unit 21 is reset to the other end of the through-opening 201 under the action of the elastic telescopic rod 291, and repeats the above action after contacting the next spring block 28 until the spike unit 21 is switched to the locked state again. The paddle 27 contacts with multiple spring blocks 28 in sequence, so that the spike unit 21 can slide back and forth along the circumference of the licker-in roller 2 to repeatedly beat the material.

[0056] In some embodiments, a baffle 42 is hinged at each opening 41 on the shear plate 4, a plurality of debris collecting grooves 43 are provided at the upper end of the shear plate 4, a mounting opening 12 is provided on the side wall of the crushing box 1, the shear plate 4 is slidably matched with the crushing box 1 through the mounting opening 12, and a handle 44 is provided on one side of the shear plate 4 for facilitating pulling the shear plate 4 outward.

[0057] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, in the initial state, the baffle 42 can close the opening 41. At this time, the two licker-in rollers 2 are driven by the driving structure 1 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the material is pulled to both sides to make it fluffy. Impurities such as stones mixed in the material will fall on the top of the baffle 42 and in the collecting groove 43 provided at the upper end of the shear plate 4, so as to prevent impurities from falling directly from the opening 41 into the material below, thereby affecting the crushing of the material and the quality of the subsequent biomass fuel. As the licker-in roller 2 rotates, when the spike portion 211 passes through the opening 41, the spike portion 211 will push the baffle 42 to flip, so that the spike portion 211 can smoothly pass through the opening 41, and the impurities falling on the top of the baffle 42 will be turned over to the collecting groove 43 for collection. After the device has been used for a period of time, the handle 2 44 can be pulled to pull the shear plate 4 outward from the installation port 12, and the impurities collected in the collecting groove 43 can be cleaned separately.

[0058] In some embodiments, two material receiving plates 33 are connected to the crushing box 1, and the two material receiving plates 33 are respectively connected to the two arc plates 31 to divide the space at the bottom of the crushing box 1 into a material dropping chamber and two dust collecting chambers. The material dropping chamber is located between the two material receiving plates 33, and a discharge port 13 is provided at the lower end of the material dropping chamber. The two dust collecting chambers are respectively located below the two arc plates 31, and a dust discharge port 14 communicating with the dust collecting chamber is provided at the lower end of the crushing box 1.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, through the cooperation of the spike portion 211 and the opening 41 on the shear plate 4, after the material is sheared and crushed, the material will fall from between the two licker-in rollers 2 into the falling cavity below, and be discharged from the discharge port 13 at the lower end of the crushing box 1; in the process of driving the unlocked spike unit 21 in the circumferential direction of the licker-in roller 2 by the driving structure three, the spike portion 211 will repeatedly beat the material on the arc plate 31, and knock off the mud attached to the material, and the mud will fall into the dust collecting cavity below through the sieve holes on the arc plate 31, and be discharged through the dust discharge port 14, while the material will remain on the arc plate 31, and be carried by the spike portion 211 to continue to rotate with the licker-in roller 2.

[0060] In some embodiments, an inspection port is provided on the side wall of the crushing box 1, and a sealing plate 15 for closing the inspection port is hingedly connected to the inspection port. A handle 151 is connected to the sealing plate 15 for facilitating flipping of the sealing plate 15. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, by pulling the handle 151, the sealing plate 15 is turned over and the inspection port is opened, which is conducive to inspecting the internal situation of the crushing box 1 and replacing worn parts in time to ensure the service life of the device and the crushing effect of the material.

[0061] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a crushing method using the above-mentioned crushing device for biomass fuel, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] S1, adding materials: adding materials to be crushed into the crushing box 1 through the conveying component;

[0063] S2, pulling the material: the driving structure 1 drives the two licker-in rollers 2 to rotate in opposite directions, so that the material falling into the crushing box 1 is pulled to both sides by the spikes 211 on the licker-in rollers 2, so that the material becomes fluffy, so that hard impurities such as stones mixed in the material can fall off, and the spikes 211 and the shear plate 4 are prevented from being damaged in the subsequent crushing process;

[0064] S3, beating the material: when the material rotates with the licker-in roller 2 to the top of the arc plate 31, the corresponding spike unit 21 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state through the driving structure 2, and the unlocked spike unit 21 is reciprocated along the circumference of the licker-in roller 2 through the driving structure 3, and the material above the arc plate 31 is repeatedly beaten to remove the soil attached to the material, so as to avoid the soil from affecting the quality of the biomass fuel;

[0065] S4, cutting: when the material rotates with the licker-in roller 2 to the shear plate 4, the material is sheared and crushed by the cooperation of the spike portion 211 and the through hole 41 on the shear plate 4, and the crushed material falls from between the two licker-in rollers 2 and falls on the blanking plate 32. At this time, the incompletely crushed material will be intercepted above the blanking plate 32 and carried to the shear plate 4 for re-crushing by the rotation of the licker-in roller 2, so as to ensure the crushing effect of the material;

[0066] S5, discharging: the crushed material will continue to fall through the drop plate 32 and be discharged from the discharging port 13 at the lower end of the crushing box 1.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing device for biomass fuel, comprising a crushing box and a conveying assembly, characterized in that: The crushing box is provided with two licker-in rollers, two arc-shaped plates arranged below the licker-in rollers, a shear plate arranged between the two licker-in rollers and a driving mechanism; Each licker-in roller is provided with a plurality of spike units along its circumference, each spike unit includes a plurality of spike parts arranged along the axial direction of the licker-in roller, and the spike parts on the two licker-in rollers are arranged alternately, each spike unit has a locked state and an unlocked state, when in the locked state, the spike unit is relatively fixed to the licker-in roller, when in the unlocked state, the spike unit can slide with the licker-in roller along the circumference of the licker-in roller, each arc plate is provided with a sieve hole, and a plurality of through openings are provided on the shear plate, and when the spike part passes through the through opening, the material can be sheared and crushed; The driving mechanism includes a driving structure 1, a driving structure 2 and a driving structure 3. The driving structure 1 is used to drive the two licker-in rollers to rotate in opposite directions to pull the materials falling into the crushing box to both sides. The driving structure 2 is used to drive the spike unit to switch between a locked state and an unlocked state. The driving structure 3 is used to drive the spike unit in the unlocked state to slide back and forth along the circumference of the licker-in roller to repeatedly beat the materials on the arc plate. Each spike unit further comprises a support rod 1 and a support rod 2 arranged along the axial direction of the licker-in roller, and a connecting rod connected between the support rod 1 and the support rod 2, the support rod 1 is arranged outside the licker-in roller, the support rod 2 is arranged inside the licker-in roller, the spike portion is arranged on the support rod 1, a through hole is arranged on the side wall of the licker-in roller, and the connecting rod is slidably matched with the licker-in roller through the through hole; The driving structure 1 includes a fixed shaft, a gear and a motor. There are two fixed shafts and two gears, which are respectively arranged corresponding to two licker-in rollers. Each fixed shaft is fixedly arranged inside the crushing box, and the licker-in roller is rotatably arranged outside the fixed shaft. The gear is fixedly connected to the licker-in roller, and the two gears are meshed and connected. The output end of the motor is connected to one of the gears. The second driving structure comprises a driving wheel fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, a driving rod slidably matched with the connecting rod, a locking groove arranged on the inner wall of the licker-in roller, and a locking piece connected to the driving rod. The peripheral side of the driving wheel is composed of a contact part 1 and a contact part 2, and the radius of the contact part 1 is greater than the radius of the contact part 2. A spring is arranged between one end of the driving rod extending into the connecting rod and the connecting rod, and the other end is a contact end. When the contact end contacts the contact part 1, the locking piece can extend into the locking groove, so that the spike unit is in a locked state. When the tip of the spike part points to the arc plate, the contact end contacts the contact part 2, and at this time the locking piece can be disengaged from the locking groove, so that the spike unit is in an unlocked state. The driving structure three includes multiple paddles and multiple spring blocks. The multiple paddles are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple spike units and are fixedly connected to a support rod in the spike unit. The multiple spring blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the crushing box at intervals along the circumference of the pricking roller. When the spike unit is in a locked state, the spring blocks will shrink after contacting the paddles, so that the paddles can pass over the spring blocks. When the spike unit is in an unlocked state, the spring blocks will block the paddles after contacting the paddles. Multiple fixed plates are fixed in the pricking roller. An elastic telescopic rod is connected between the fixed plate and the connecting rod, and the force of the elastic telescopic rod is less than the force of the spring blocks.

2. A crushing device for biomass fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blanking plate is connected between the two arc plates and is located below the shear plate. The blanking plate includes a plurality of rods arranged in parallel. There is a gap between any two adjacent rods for materials to fall and for the spikes to pass through, and the spikes on the two pricking rollers passing through the rods have overlapping parts.

3. A crushing device for biomass fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each opening on the shear plate is hinged with a baffle, the upper end of the shear plate is provided with a plurality of collecting grooves, the side wall of the crushing box is provided with a mounting opening, the shear plate is slidably matched with the crushing box through the mounting opening, and one side of the shear plate is provided with a handle 2 for facilitating pulling the shear plate outward.

4. A crushing device for biomass fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two material receiving plates connected to the crushing box, and the two material receiving plates are respectively connected to the two arc-shaped plates to divide the space at the lower part of the crushing box into a material dropping chamber and two dust collecting chambers. The material dropping chamber is located between the two material receiving plates, and a material discharge port is provided at the lower end of the material dropping chamber. The two dust collecting chambers are respectively located below the two arc-shaped plates, and a dust discharge port communicating with the dust collecting chamber is provided at the lower end of the crushing box.

5. The crushing device for biomass fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inspection opening is arranged on the side wall of the crushing box, a sealing plate for closing the inspection opening is hingedly connected to the inspection opening, and a handle for turning over the sealing plate is connected to the sealing plate.

6. A method for crushing biomass fuel, characterized in that: A biomass fuel crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. Adding materials: adding materials to be crushed into the crushing box through the conveying component; S2, pulling materials: the driving structure 1 drives the two licker-in rollers to rotate in opposite directions, so that the materials falling into the crushing box are pulled to both sides through the spikes on the licker-in rollers; S3, beating the material: when the material rotates with the licker-in roller to the top of the arc plate, the corresponding spike unit is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state through the second driving structure, and the spike unit in the unlocked state is made to slide back and forth along the circumference of the licker-in roller through the third driving structure, so as to repeatedly beat the material above the arc plate; S4, cutting: when the material rotates with the licker-in roller to the shear plate, the material is sheared and crushed through the cooperation between the spike part and the opening on the shear plate; S5. Discharging: The crushed material falls from between the two licker-in rollers and is discharged from the lower end of the crushing box.

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