Device and method for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated synchronous monitoring device and method for multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of rock mass, and belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering disaster monitoring technology. The device includes: a collection module, which monitors the real-time temperature of the rock wall in the collection hole and the multi-band waveform information generated when it breaks; a mobile module, a mobile monitoring collection module; a control module, which issues commands and instructions after remotely receiving and processing information, to achieve integrated synchronous monitoring of real-time temperature and multi-band microseismic waves, acoustic emissions and vibration waveform characteristics. It also includes a connection module, which includes a connector built into the main frame of the mobile module, which is used to connect with a variety of engineering rock monitoring devices for collaborative use. The present invention can not only retain the original function of long-term synchronous unmanned continuous monitoring of rock deformation, fracture and wave velocity, but also add the monitoring technology of multi-band microseismic waves, acoustic emissions, vibration waveform characteristics and real-time temperature of the rock mass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering disaster monitoring, and in particular relates to a device and method for integrated synchronous monitoring of multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of rock mass, which realizes integrated synchronous monitoring of multi-band microseismic wave-acoustic emission-vibration waveform characteristics and temperature. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of my country's infrastructure construction, the number of engineering projects such as transportation tunnels, mining and underground plants is increasing, accompanied by the frequent occurrence of engineering disasters during construction. Especially in the field of deep engineering, due to the high ground stress state of the rock mass and the complex geological structure, it is very easy to cause serious geological disasters such as rock bursts, spalling, and landslides, which directly threaten the safety of the project. Therefore, rock mass stability has become a core element to ensure the safe construction of deep engineering. In order to effectively respond to this challenge, the implementation of real-time monitoring and early warning mechanisms for rock masses and the timely acquisition and analysis of rock mass geological information have become an indispensable key link to ensure the smooth progress and safe operation of deep engineering.

[0003] A Chinese patent (publication number: CN116575854A, publication date: August 11, 2023) discloses a comprehensive intelligent sensing device and method for drilling fracture-deformation-wave velocity of engineering rock mass, and a Chinese patent (publication number: CN116626045A, publication date: August 22, 2023) discloses a long-term unmanned continuous monitoring device and method for fracture and deformation of rock mass hole wall, both of which are intended to warn of engineering geological disasters and realize long-term unmanned continuous intelligent monitoring of rock mass deformation, fracture and wave velocity. However, during the monitoring process, due to the lack of specific monitoring means for microseismic waves, acoustic emission waves generated when the rock mass fractures, and vibration waveforms generated by external forces on the rock mass, and the temperature of the rock mass changes, the equipment cannot accurately identify and distinguish the characteristics of these wave types, and is easily interfered by complex multi-band waveforms, and cannot obtain comprehensive and accurate effective monitoring data. Therefore, in order to fully capture the dynamic and temperature change information inside the rock mass, it is urgent to use multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature coupling monitoring technology to cover a wide range of frequency bands from low frequency to high frequency.

[0004] In the field of rock mass monitoring, microseismic waves, acoustic emission waves and vibration waves occupy different frequency ranges due to their unique generation mechanisms, propagation characteristics and monitoring targets, and together construct a multi-dimensional map of rock mass dynamic information. In addition, temperature is an important factor affecting the physical and mechanical properties of rock mass, and its changes cannot be ignored. Therefore, temperature monitoring can be combined with microseismic wave, acoustic emission and vibration wave monitoring to form a more comprehensive and three-dimensional rock mass monitoring system. Vibration waves tend to show the periodic movement of particles inside the rock mass around the equilibrium position in the medium and low frequency bands, and are key indicators for evaluating the overall stability of the rock mass and its dynamic response characteristics; microseismic waves show an extremely wide frequency span in rock mass monitoring, from high-frequency stress release of hundreds of hertz in tunneling or mining to low-frequency vibrations of several hertz to more than ten hertz caused by landslides, fault activities or large-scale underground engineering disturbances. They are like microscopic explorers inside the rock mass, accurately capturing tiny fracture signals triggered by stress changes, and providing an observation window for in-depth insight into the internal stress state of the rock mass and monitoring subtle fracture events; acoustic emission waves focus on high-frequency areas and specifically monitor tiny damage and crack formation released inside or on the surface of the rock mass due to external forces. Its measurement range of tens of kHz directly maps the process and degree of rock mass destruction, and is an important acoustic fingerprint for evaluating the health of the rock mass. Together, they reveal the stress distribution, fracture evolution and dynamic changes inside the rock mass. At the same time, the addition of temperature monitoring enables real-time grasp of the changes in rock temperature, further analysis of the impact of temperature changes on rock strength, deformation characteristics and stability, and provides more comprehensive data support for assessing rock stability. By real-time monitoring of the changing trend of rock temperature, combined with the monitoring data of microseismic waves, acoustic emission waves and vibration waves, abnormal phenomena inside the rock mass, such as stress concentration and damage accumulation, can be discovered earlier, thereby early warning of potential rock disasters. This multi-parameter, multi-band comprehensive monitoring method not only improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring data, but also enhances the timeliness and accuracy of disaster warning. Therefore, in the practice of rock disaster monitoring, the use of multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature coupling monitoring technology to achieve comprehensive monitoring of microseismic waves, acoustic emission waves, vibration waves and temperature is the key to ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring data. This can not only effectively warn of engineering geological disasters and ensure the safety of personnel and property, but also deepen the understanding of the mechanism of disaster processes and promote the continuous improvement and development of engineering geological disaster warning systems and methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature, aiming to realize integrated, long-term, synchronous, continuous and intelligent comprehensive monitoring of multi-band microseismic waves, acoustic emissions and vibration waveform characteristics and temperature changes in engineering rock mass. In addition, in addition to independent operation, the device can also be used in conjunction with a long-term unmanned continuous monitoring device for rock mass hole wall fracture and deformation and an engineering rock mass borehole fracture-deformation-wave velocity integrated intelligent sensing device, which not only retains the original long-term synchronous unmanned continuous monitoring function of rock mass deformation, fracture and wave velocity, but also adds the monitoring technology of rock mass multi-band microseismic waves, acoustic emissions, vibration waveform characteristics and real-time temperature.

[0006] A device for synchronously monitoring rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integration, comprising:

[0007] The acquisition module monitors the real-time temperature of the rock wall in the acquisition hole and the multi-band waveform information generated when it breaks;

[0008] Mobile module, mobile monitoring and collection module;

[0009] The control module receives and processes information remotely and then issues commands.

[0010] The mobile module serves as the action basis of the entire device, and includes a device main frame (1) that provides connection and load-bearing functions. The fully automatic lifting column (2) is built into the device main frame (1) and installed on the bottom plate of the device main frame (1). The telescopic direction is vertical up and down movement; the telescopic end of the fully automatic lifting column (2) is connected to an embedded movable plate (3) to achieve the lifting of the embedded movable plate (3); rollers (4) are installed at the four corners of the lower part of the device main frame (1) through precision bearings for moving the entire device; and an anti-skid crawler (5) is installed at the lower part of the device main frame (1).

[0011] Guide blocks are provided on both sides of the embedded movable plate (3) and cooperate with guide holes provided on both sides of the device main frame (1). When the fully automatic lifting column (2) drives the embedded movable plate (3) to move up and down, the guide blocks slide along the guide holes.

[0012] The guide hole is a waist-shaped hole, which ensures the installation and stable operation of the embedded movable plate (3).

[0013] The acquisition module comprises a temperature vibration sensor (6), a microseismic sensor (7), an acoustic emission sensor (8) and a laser radar probe (9) arranged on the embedded movable plate (3); the temperature vibration sensor (6), the microseismic sensor (7), the acoustic emission sensor (8) and the laser radar probe (9) are electrically connected to the control module;

[0014] The temperature vibration sensor (6) captures the temperature change inside the rock mass in real time, and captures and measures the three-axis acceleration, three-axis velocity, three-axis displacement, three-axis gravity vector or tilt angle and equipment rotation speed in real time, and can support acceleration time waveform and acceleration spectrum analysis, and monitor temperature, tilt angle and equipment rotation speed at the same time;

[0015] The microseismic sensor (7) captures the microseismic wave signals emitted by rock mass damage or rock fracture;

[0016] The acoustic emission sensor (8) captures the acoustic emission signal released during the rock mass failure process;

[0017] The laser radar probe (9) accurately measures the travel depth of the device in the hole, that is, the distance between the device and the bottom of the hole, and provides spatial positioning information for monitoring operations.

[0018] The temperature vibration sensor (6) is arranged on the top of the embedded movable plate (3), the microseismic sensor and the acoustic emission sensor are arranged on both sides of the embedded movable plate (3), and the number of laser radar probes (9) is 2, which are installed on the top of the embedded movable plate (3) by means of magnetism, thread or bonding, and are arranged close to both sides of the temperature vibration sensor (6).

[0019] The temperature vibration sensor (6), microseismic sensor (7), and acoustic emission sensor (8) of the acquisition module are connected to the embedded movable plate (3) by means of magnetic attraction, threaded fastening, or gluing.

[0020] The control module includes a controller and a terminal display. The temperature vibration sensor, microseismic sensor, and acoustic emission sensor are connected to the controller through an RS485 channel. The controller has a built-in control program, which can accurately process temperature, microseismic wave, acoustic emission and vibration waveform data as well as laser ranging information under the influence of temperature changes for multi-band microseismic wave, acoustic emission and vibration waveform data, and efficiently perform analysis, processing and visualization imaging tasks of these waveform features under the influence of temperature changes, and issue precise instructions at the same time.

[0021] The device further comprises a connection module (10), the connection module (10) comprising a connector built into a device main frame (1) of the mobile module, the connector comprising a fixing seat, a connection plate connected to the fixing seat, a threaded connector connected to the front end of the connection plate for threaded connection with a connected device; bolt connection holes are evenly distributed on the connection plate in a circumferential direction to achieve bolt connection with the connected device, thereby achieving connection with various engineering rock mass monitoring devices; a clamping groove (16) is provided on the fixing seat (12), a fixing rod (15) is provided inside the device main frame (1), and the fixing rod (15) is clamped in the clamping groove (16) to fix the connector.

[0022] A method for integrated synchronous monitoring of multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of rock mass, using the above-mentioned integrated synchronous monitoring device for multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of rock mass, realizes integrated monitoring of multi-band microseismic wave-acoustic emission and temperature vibration waveform characteristics in the rock mass destruction process, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: System preparation and debugging;

[0024] Turn on the power supply, conduct comprehensive debugging of the control module, acquisition module, and mobile module's functional components, and verify the stability and accuracy of the control program of the control module and the signal connection between the devices;

[0025] Step 2: Device deployment mode selection;

[0026] Independent operation: directly place the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device in the borehole to be monitored;

[0027] Joint collaborative operation: connecting the equipment to be combined with the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device through the connection module (10), forming an enhanced monitoring device, and then placing the device as a whole in the borehole;

[0028] Step 3: Initial startup and fully automatic lifting column deployment;

[0029] In the initial state, the device is stationary at the hole mouth. After the control module issues a "start monitoring" command, the built-in fully automatic lifting column (2) responds to the command, drives the motor to lift the column, and lifts the embedded movable plate (3) until the rigid housing of the sensor at its upper end and both sides is tightly attached to the hole wall;

[0030] Step 4: Monitoring startup and borehole scanning;

[0031] When the terminal display of the control module observes that the microseismic sensor, acoustic emission sensor, and temperature vibration sensor have successfully captured the wave signal, it will issue a "forward" command instruction; the device will move forward at a uniform speed along the borehole axis, and each sensor will continuously monitor and record the real-time temperature and multi-band waveform data in the borehole, and transmit it to the terminal display of the control module in real time for image display and analysis to locate the rock fracture position;

[0032] Step 5: Accurate monitoring and stopping;

[0033] When the device approaches the rock fracture position located in step 4, the control module issues a "stop forward" command to enable the device to conduct refined monitoring; after the monitoring data shows that the fracture activity has weakened to the point where the sensor monitoring data is stable and no fracture signal appears, the monitoring acquisition is declared complete, and then a "reverse" command is issued to control the device to return safely to the orifice;

[0034] Step 6: End of monitoring and recovery of the device;

[0035] The control module issues an "end monitoring" command, and the fully automatic lifting column (2) performs a lowering operation, so that the sensor on the embedded movable plate (3) is separated from the hole wall; the device is then taken out of the drill hole, and the control program of the control module performs detailed analysis and processing on the collected data; if the joint collaborative operation mode is selected in step 2, step 7 is executed;

[0036] Step 7: Subsequent operations of the joint use mode;

[0037] In the joint collaborative operation mode, after completing the above steps, the rock multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device is removed, so that the combined device is split into independent components for subsequent maintenance or reconfiguration.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] (1) The present invention integrates integration, long-term, synchronization, continuity and intelligence, and realizes multi-band, multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring of the real-time temperature of the engineering rock mass and microseismic waves, acoustic emissions, and vibration waveform characteristics, with the characteristics of comprehensive coverage, high-precision measurement, real-time and comprehensive analysis. This breakthrough technology significantly improves the safety and stability during engineering construction and operation, and at the same time promotes the automation, intelligence and green transformation of the monitoring process, greatly reducing manpower and time costs.

[0040] (2) The device of the present invention not only has powerful intelligent data processing and analysis capabilities, but also ensures the timeliness, efficiency and accuracy of monitoring data, and provides strong data support for decision-making.

[0041] (3) This invention not only operates independently and efficiently, but also demonstrates excellent collaborative operation capabilities. It can be seamlessly connected with a variety of engineering rock monitoring devices, such as wheel-mounted laser radar-television camera integrated intelligent monitoring device, borehole fracture-deformation-wave velocity integrated intelligent sensing device and rock hole wall fracture and deformation long-term unmanned monitoring device. This joint operation not only retains the long-term synchronous unmanned advantages of the original device in rock deformation, fracture and wave velocity monitoring, but also innovatively adds microseismic waves, acoustic emissions, vibration waveform characteristics and real-time temperature monitoring functions, greatly enriching the dimension and depth of engineering geological disaster monitoring. This device not only meets the higher requirements of diversified information integrated intelligent monitoring, but also provides a more accurate and comprehensive prediction method for geological disaster warning at the engineering site, deepens the understanding of the disaster breeding mechanism, and promotes the improvement and development of the engineering geological disaster warning system and methods.

[0042] The present invention improves the engineering geological disaster monitoring system and meets the higher demand for integrated intelligent monitoring of multi-information integration, thereby more effectively warning of engineering geological disasters, deepening the understanding of the mechanism of the disaster breeding process, and promoting the continuous improvement and development of engineering geological disaster warning systems and methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for synchronously monitoring rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a left view of the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 A top view of the device for synchronously monitoring rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integration provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 A front view of the device for synchronously monitoring rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integration provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 is an external schematic diagram of the sensor in the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an end of a connected device connected to a connecting module of the present invention provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection module in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection module of the present invention connected to the main frame of the device (the internal structure is not shown, and the sensor outside the embedded movable plate is not shown);

[0051] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the combined collaborative operation of the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device provided by the present invention and a long-term unmanned continuous monitoring device for rock mass hole wall fracture and deformation;

[0052] in:

[0053] 1-main frame of the device, 2-full-automatic lifting column, 3-embedded movable plate, 4-roller, 5-anti-slip track, 6-temperature vibration sensor, 7-microseismic sensor, 8-acoustic emission sensor, 9-lidar probe, 10-connection module, 11-cable, 12-fixed seat, 13-connection plate, 14-threaded connector, 15-fixing rod, 16-card slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention are described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, a device for synchronously monitoring the multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of a rock mass is provided, comprising a mobile module for mobile monitoring and collecting modules, a collecting module for monitoring the real-time temperature of the rock wall in the collecting hole and the multi-band waveform information generated when it breaks, a control module for remotely receiving and processing information and then issuing command instructions, and a connecting module for connecting and combining the two devices, which can provide two modes of independent operation and joint collaborative operation, and the two modes can be flexibly switched.

[0056] The mobile module serves as the action basis of the entire device, including the main frame 1 of the device, the fully automatic lifting column 2, the embedded movable plate 3, the roller 4, and the anti-skid track 5. The main frame 1 of the device is used to connect and carry the various parts of the device. The fully automatic lifting column 2 is built into the main frame 1 of the device and installed on the bottom plate of the main frame 1 of the device. The telescopic direction is vertical up and down movement. The telescopic end of the fully automatic lifting column 2 is connected with the embedded movable plate 3. The fully automatic lifting column 2 is used to lift the embedded movable plate 3 above. Guide blocks are provided on both sides of the embedded movable plate 3, which cooperate with the guide holes opened on both sides of the main frame 1 of the device. The guide holes are waist-shaped holes to ensure the installation and stable operation of the embedded movable plate 3. When the fully automatic lifting column 2 drives the embedded movable plate 3 to move up and down, the guide blocks slide along the guide holes.

[0057] The fully automatic lifting column 2 described in this embodiment adopts NKLC5-2 of NAKIN, and adopts a micro-motor and an integrated hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder to form a micro-drive system to achieve automatic lifting. When the device is put into the hole after being debugged correctly, it receives the "start monitoring" command instruction issued by the control module, and the fully automatic lifting column 2 controls the output relay according to the command, thereby driving the AC contactor to close and starting the power unit motor; after the motor is started, it will drive the gear pump or other transmission mechanism to rotate, and realize the lifting of the column until the upper end of the embedded movable plate 3 and the sensors on both sides are close to the hole wall.

[0058] The main frame 1 of the device is provided with an anti-skid track 5 installed on the belly of the main frame 1 of the device to prevent the entire device from sinking into the ground and getting stuck and unable to move. Rollers 4 are installed at the four corners of the main frame 1 of the device through precision bearings to move the entire device and ensure the stable movement and positioning of the device on different terrains. The rollers 4 and the anti-skid track 5 complement each other, ensuring that the equipment can move flexibly in complex terrains and effectively prevent sinking and getting stuck, thereby improving the safety and adaptability of the operation.

[0059] The acquisition module focuses on high-precision capture of the real-time temperature of the rock wall in the hole and the multi-band waveform information released when it breaks, providing key data support for rock stability assessment, and is electrically connected to the control module through a cable 11. Specifically, the acquisition module includes a temperature vibration sensor 6, a microseismic sensor 7, an acoustic emission sensor 8 and a laser radar probe 9, which are electrically connected to the control module through a cable 11. The end of the cable 11 extends to the outside of the device, and when in use, an external winch drum is connected for the recovery and release of the device. The temperature vibration sensor 6, microseismic sensor 7, and acoustic emission sensor 8 are used for monitoring temperature, vibration waves, microseismic waves, and acoustic emissions, respectively. Their outer surfaces all have a unified standard 26 (diameter) × 65 (height) mm compact rigid shell package, which not only ensures the robustness of the structure, but also facilitates the flexible selection of multiple installation methods, such as magnetic attraction, threaded fastening, and bonding. Its rigid shell protection level reaches IP67 and the surface is corrosion-resistant. The rigid shell is fixed to the top of the embedded movable plate 3 and both sides of the device main frame 1 by magnetic attraction, thread fastening or bonding, ensuring close fit with the hole wall, and effectively collecting the real-time temperature of the rock and various waveform signals generated by its fracture. Specifically, the temperature vibration sensor 6 is arranged on the top of the embedded movable plate 3, and the microseismic sensor 7 and the acoustic emission sensor 8 are respectively arranged on both sides of the embedded movable plate 3.

[0060] The embedded movable plate 3 is shaped like a box beam, and its top, i.e., the middle part, is located between the fully automatic lifting column 2 and the temperature vibration sensor 6. The guide blocks arranged on the outside of the two sides cooperate with the waist-shaped holes on both sides of the main frame 1 of the device to achieve installation and ensure stable operation. The embedded movable plate 3 not only enhances the structural stability, but also serves as a sensor installation platform at its upper end and both sides, and has a buffering function, effectively protecting the sensor from direct impact. At the same time, the embedded movable plate 3 also increases the effective area of ​​the fully automatic lifting column 2, provides an additional protective buffer layer, and at the same time serves as an important connecting link between the upper and lower parts, ensuring smooth and accurate power transmission.

[0061] During the monitoring process, the rigid shell acts as a bridge for signal transmission, efficiently transmitting real-time temperature, microseismic waves, acoustic emissions and vibration waves to their corresponding sensors. The sensor transmits the collected data back to the control module in real time through the high-speed RS485 communication channel. The corresponding control program performs precise filtering and processing on the received data, analyzes temperature changes and waveform characteristics, and provides a scientific basis for rock mass status assessment.

[0062] The temperature vibration sensor 6 has a highly integrated monitoring capability, which can not only capture the temperature change inside the rock mass in real time, but also capture and measure the three-axis acceleration, three-axis velocity, and three-axis displacement in real time, and monitor the temperature (-40~85℃), three-axis gravity vector or tilt angle (to determine whether the sensor position has moved or fallen, etc.) and equipment speed (strongest frequency and amplitude), and can also support acceleration time waveform (1500000 or 2000000 baud rate real-time output) and acceleration spectrum analysis, which fully reflects the disturbance state of the rock mass. The temperature vibration sensor 6 can ensure the real-time and continuous output of temperature and waveform information. The temperature vibration sensor 6 is fixed to the upper embedded movable plate 3 by three installation methods: magnetic attraction, thread, and cementation, to ensure that its rigid shell is tightly fitted with the hole wall during monitoring, and the temperature change and waveform characteristics of the rock mass are efficiently transmitted to the temperature vibration sensor 6 through the rigid shell. The temperature vibration sensor 6 transmits the collected data back to the control module through the RS485 channel, and the data is filtered and processed to analyze the real-time temperature waveform characteristics.

[0063] The microseismic sensor 7 is used to capture the microseismic wave signals emitted by rock destruction or rock fracture. The control module can accurately determine the key parameters such as the earthquake source location, magnitude, energy release and moment through in-depth processing and analysis of these transmitted signals, and then evaluate the geometric characteristics of the rock fracture cracks, including height, length, inclination and specific orientation. The microseismic sensor 7 is also firmly installed on one side of the main frame 1 of the device by magnetic attraction, threaded connection or bonding to ensure close contact with the hole wall during monitoring; the microseismic waves generated by rock fracture are directly transmitted to the microseismic sensor 7 through the rigid shell, and are immediately transmitted to the control module after data filtering for in-depth analysis of the waveform characteristics.

[0064] The acoustic emission sensor 8 is used to capture the acoustic emission signals released during the rock mass destruction process. These signals are important clues to reveal the internal stress state, damage degree, defect distribution and its dynamic changes (such as stress concentration, crack initiation, expansion to the whole process of fracture) of the rock mass. The acoustic emission sensor 8 is fixed to one side of the main frame 1 of the device by a flexible magnetic suction, threaded connection or bonding installation method to ensure close fit with the hole wall during monitoring; the acoustic emission waves generated when the rock breaks are efficiently transmitted to the acoustic emission sensor 8 through the rigid shell, and the emission sensor 8 is transmitted back to the control module via the RS485 channel. After a sophisticated data processing process, the data is analyzed for waveform characteristics to provide a scientific basis for the assessment of the health status of the rock mass.

[0065] There are two laser radar probes 9, which are installed on the top of the embedded movable plate 3 by magnetic attraction, threading or bonding, and are arranged on both sides of the temperature vibration sensor 6. Their main function is to accurately measure the travel depth of the device in the hole, that is, the distance between the device and the bottom of the hole, provide spatial positioning information for monitoring operations, and further enhance the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0066] The control module integrates the remote terminal command function, realizing intelligent and refined control and management of the entire monitoring process. The control module includes a controller and a terminal display, which work together to ensure efficient operation; the temperature vibration sensor 6, the microseismic sensor 7, and the acoustic emission sensor 8 are connected to the controller through the RS485 channel. The controller has a built-in control program, which can accurately process temperature, microseismic waves, acoustic emission and vibration waveform data and laser ranging information for multi-band microseismic waves, acoustic emission and vibration waveform data under the influence of temperature changes, and efficiently perform the analysis, processing and visualization imaging tasks of these waveform features under the influence of temperature changes, and issue precise instructions at the same time; at the same time, it has the ability to fully control the motion state of the device, including the precise control of the travel speed, direction and distance, and the execution of the lifting and lowering instructions of the fully automatic lifting column, control the forward, backward, lifting and falling of the fully automatic lifting column 2 of the device, and realize comprehensive and detailed control of various functions of the device. The terminal display serves as a window for information output, and displays a clear and intuitive image interface based on the data results processed by the control program of the controller, which is convenient for staff to quickly review and analyze, and provide strong support for decision-making.

[0067] The connection module 10 includes a connector built into the main frame 1 of the device, which is used to connect with a variety of engineering rock monitoring devices. The connector includes a fixing seat 12, and a connecting plate 13 is connected to the fixing seat 12. The front end of the connecting plate 13 is connected to a threaded connector 14 for threaded connection with the connected device. The connecting plate 13 is evenly distributed with bolt connection holes in the circumferential direction to achieve bolt connection with the connected device. This structural design is exquisite, which not only ensures the rapidity and stability of the connection between devices, but also takes into account flexibility and scalability. It can easily achieve the tight fixation and combination of this device and other devices, and construct a joint device that meets the needs of different application scenarios, supporting future functional upgrades and expansions. A snap-in groove 16 is provided on the fixing seat 12, and a fixing rod 15 is provided inside the main frame 1 of the device. When in use, the connector is placed inside the main frame 1 of the device, and the fixing rod 15 is snapped into the snap-in groove 16 to fix the connector.

[0068] The connection module 10 achieves a stable connection between the two devices by means of bolt connection and threaded connection. As an efficient and reliable connection solution, its core lies in the bolt connection mechanism it adopts. This connection method can not only withstand large tensile and shear forces to ensure a stable connection between the two devices; it is also detachable and can be flexibly used for the connection of various engineering rock monitoring devices. The threaded connector 14 at the front end of the connector is processed with an external threaded hole. After precision machining, its dimensional accuracy and surface finish are ensured to achieve seamless docking, reduce friction and wear, and improve the durability of the connection. In this embodiment, a component with an internal thread is installed at the end of the connected device. This internal thread component can be directly processed on the connected device or connected through an adapter. The internal thread component forms a tight fit with the threaded connector 14, thereby achieving an effective connection between the two devices.

[0069] During the connection process, the operator uses a suitable tool (such as a wrench, torque wrench, etc.) to screw the bolt into the internal thread hole of the connector. As the bolt is gradually screwed in, it will generate increasing friction with the external thread of the connected device until a predetermined tightening torque is reached. At this point, a stable and reliable connection is achieved between the two devices through the connection module 10.

[0070] To ensure the stability and safety of the connection, the design of the connection module 10 also takes anti-loosening measures into consideration. Lock washers can be installed on the bolts or locking agents can be used to prevent the bolts from loosening under vibration or impact conditions. In addition, regular inspection and maintenance of the connection parts is also one of the important measures to ensure the long-term stable operation of the connection module 10.

[0071] The connection module 10 can realize the arbitrary switching between the independent operation mode and the joint collaborative operation mode of the device. When switching to the joint use mode, it is only necessary to simply connect other devices to the device through the connection module 10 to build a new system with more comprehensive functions. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, when the device is combined with a long-term unmanned continuous monitoring device for rock hole wall fracture and deformation through a connecting module 10, not only the advanced function of the original device for long-term, synchronous, unmanned continuous monitoring of rock deformation and fracture is retained, but also the unique microseismic wave, acoustic emission, vibration waveform characteristics and real-time temperature monitoring capabilities of the device are additionally introduced, thereby realizing a comprehensive upgrade and complementarity of the monitoring function, showing a significant "1+1>2" synergistic effect.

[0072] An integrated synchronous monitoring method for rock mass destruction process, using the above-mentioned integrated synchronous monitoring device for rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature, realizes integrated synchronous intelligent monitoring of multi-band microseismic wave-acoustic emission-vibration waveform characteristics and real-time temperature in the rock mass destruction process, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: System preparation and debugging.

[0074] First, turn on the power, and then fully debug the control program of the remote control module and the functional components inside the device to ensure that the entire device can operate normally and verify the stability and accuracy of the signal connection between the control program and the device.

[0075] Step 2: Select the device deployment mode.

[0076] Independent operation: directly place the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device in the borehole to be monitored.

[0077] Joint collaborative operation: The equipment to be combined is connected to the rock multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device through the connection module 10, and the enhanced monitoring device is combined to form a combined device, which is then placed in the borehole as a whole.

[0078] Step 3: Initial startup and deployment of fully automatic lifting column 2.

[0079] In the initial state, the device is stationary at the hole mouth, and the control program of the control module issues a "start monitoring" command; then, the built-in fully automatic lifting column 2 responds to the command, drives the motor to lift the column, and lifts the embedded movable plate 3 until the rigid shell of the sensor at its upper end and both sides fits tightly against the hole wall, ensuring a stable monitoring environment.

[0080] Step 4: Monitor startup and borehole scanning.

[0081] When the terminal display of the control module observes that the microseismic sensor 7, the acoustic emission sensor 8, and the temperature vibration sensor 6 have successfully captured the wave signal, it issues a "forward" command instruction; the device advances at a uniform speed along the axial direction of the borehole, and at the same time, each sensor continuously monitors and records the real-time temperature and multi-band waveform data in the borehole, and transmits it to the remote terminal display in real time for image display and analysis to locate the rock fracture position.

[0082] Step 5: Accurate monitoring and stopping.

[0083] When the device approaches the rock fracture position located in step 4, the control module issues a "stop moving forward" command to enable the device to perform detailed monitoring in the area; when the monitoring data shows that the fracture activity has weakened to almost disappear, that is, the data monitored by the sensor is stable and no fracture signal appears, the monitoring and collection is declared complete, and then a "reverse" command is issued to control the device to return safely to the hole mouth.

[0084] Step 6: End of monitoring and recovery of the device.

[0085] The control module issues an "end monitoring" command, and the fully automatic lifting column 2 performs a lowering operation, so that the sensor on the embedded movable plate 3 is separated from the hole wall; then the device is taken out of the drill hole, and the control program of the control module performs a detailed analysis and processing on the collected data; if the joint collaborative operation mode is selected in step 2, execute step 7.

[0086] Step 7: Follow-up operations of the joint use mode.

[0087] In the joint collaborative operation mode, after completing the above steps, it is necessary to perform the unlocking operation of the connection module 10, remove the rock multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device, and split the combined device into independent components for subsequent maintenance or reconfiguration.

Claims

1. A device for synchronously monitoring rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature, characterized in that: include: A collection module for monitoring the real-time temperature of the rock wall in the collection hole and the multi-band waveform information generated when the rock wall breaks; the collection module comprises a temperature vibration sensor (6), a microseismic sensor (7), an acoustic emission sensor (8) and a laser radar probe (9) arranged on the embedded movable plate (3); A mobile module, a mobile monitoring and collection module; the mobile module serves as the action basis of the entire device, and includes a device main frame (1) that provides connection and load-bearing functions; a fully automatic lifting column (2) is built into the device main frame (1) and installed on the bottom plate of the device main frame (1), and the telescopic direction is vertical up and down movement; the telescopic end of the fully automatic lifting column (2) is connected to an embedded movable plate (3) to achieve lifting of the embedded movable plate (3); The temperature vibration sensor (6) is arranged on the top of the embedded movable plate (3), the microseismic sensor and the acoustic emission sensor are respectively arranged on both sides of the embedded movable plate (3), and the laser radar probe (9) is installed on the top of the embedded movable plate (3) and arranged close to both sides of the temperature vibration sensor (6); The control module receives and processes information remotely and then issues commands.

2. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Rollers (4) are installed at the four corners of the main frame (1) of the device through precision bearings for moving the entire device; and an anti-skid crawler (5) is installed below the main frame (1) of the device.

3. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Guide blocks are provided on both sides of the embedded movable plate (3) and cooperate with guide holes provided on both sides of the device main frame (1). When the fully automatic lifting column (2) drives the embedded movable plate (3) to move up and down, the guide blocks slide along the guide holes.

4. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The guide hole is a waist-shaped hole, which ensures the installation and stable operation of the embedded movable plate (3).

5. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature vibration sensor (6), the microseismic sensor (7), the acoustic emission sensor (8) and the laser radar probe (9) are electrically connected to the control module; The temperature vibration sensor (6) captures the temperature change inside the rock mass in real time, and captures and measures the three-axis acceleration, three-axis velocity, three-axis displacement, three-axis gravity vector or tilt angle and equipment rotation speed in real time, and can support acceleration time waveform and acceleration spectrum analysis, and monitor temperature, tilt angle and equipment rotation speed at the same time; The microseismic sensor (7) captures the microseismic wave signals emitted by rock mass damage or rock fracture; The acoustic emission sensor (8) captures the acoustic emission signal released during the rock mass failure process; The laser radar probe (9) accurately measures the travel depth of the device in the hole, that is, the distance between the device and the bottom of the hole, and provides spatial positioning information for monitoring operations.

6. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The number of the laser radar probes (9) is two, and they are mounted on the top of the embedded movable plate (3) by means of magnetism, threading or bonding.

7. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The temperature vibration sensor (6), microseismic sensor (7), and acoustic emission sensor (8) of the acquisition module are connected to the embedded movable plate (3) by means of magnetic attraction, threaded fastening, or gluing.

8. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control module includes a controller and a terminal display. The temperature vibration sensor, microseismic sensor, and acoustic emission sensor are connected to the controller through an RS485 channel. The controller has a built-in control program, which can accurately process temperature, microseismic wave, acoustic emission and vibration waveform data as well as laser ranging information under the influence of temperature changes for multi-band microseismic wave, acoustic emission and vibration waveform data, and efficiently perform analysis, processing and visualization imaging tasks of these waveform features under the influence of temperature changes, and issue precise instructions at the same time.

9. The device for integrated synchronous monitoring of rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a connection module (10), the connection module (10) comprising a connector built into a device main frame (1) of the mobile module, the connector comprising a fixing seat, a connection plate connected to the fixing seat, a threaded connector connected to the front end of the connection plate for threaded connection with a connected device; bolt connection holes are evenly distributed on the connection plate in a circumferential direction to achieve bolt connection with the connected device, thereby achieving connection with various engineering rock mass monitoring devices; a clamping groove (16) is provided on the fixing seat (12), a fixing rod (15) is provided inside the device main frame (1), and the fixing rod (15) is clamped in the clamping groove (16) to fix the connector.

10. A method for integrated synchronous monitoring of multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of rock mass, using the integrated synchronous monitoring device for multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature of rock mass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, to realize integrated monitoring of multi-band microseismic wave-acoustic emission and temperature vibration waveform characteristics of rock mass destruction process, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: System preparation and debugging Turn on the power supply, conduct comprehensive debugging of the control module, acquisition module, and mobile module's functional components, and verify the stability and accuracy of the control program of the control module and the signal connection between the devices; Step 2: Device deployment mode selection Independent operation: directly place the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device in the borehole to be monitored; Joint collaborative operation: connecting the equipment to be combined with the rock mass multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device through the connection module (10), forming an enhanced monitoring device, and then placing the device as a whole in the borehole; Step 3: Initial startup and fully automatic lifting column deployment In the initial state, the device is stationary at the hole mouth. After the control module issues a "start monitoring" command, the built-in fully automatic lifting column (2) responds to the command, drives the motor to lift the column, and lifts the embedded movable plate (3) until the rigid housing of the sensor at its upper end and both sides is tightly attached to the hole wall; Step 4: Monitoring Startup and Borehole Scanning When the terminal display of the control module observes that the microseismic sensor, acoustic emission sensor, and temperature vibration sensor have successfully captured the wave signal, it will issue a "forward" command instruction; the device will move forward at a uniform speed along the borehole axis, and each sensor will continuously monitor and record the real-time temperature and multi-band waveform data in the borehole, and transmit it to the terminal display of the control module in real time for image display and analysis to locate the rock fracture position; Step 5: Accurate monitoring and stopping When the device approaches the rock fracture position located in step 4, the control module issues a "stop forward" command to enable the device to conduct refined monitoring; after the monitoring data shows that the fracture activity has weakened to the point where the sensor monitoring data is stable and no fracture signal appears, the monitoring acquisition is declared over, and then a "reverse" command is issued to control the device to return safely to the orifice; Step 6: End of monitoring and device recovery The control module issues an "end monitoring" command, and the fully automatic lifting column (2) performs a lowering operation, so that the sensor on the embedded movable plate (3) is separated from the hole wall; the device is then taken out of the drill hole, and the control program of the control module performs detailed analysis and processing on the collected data; if the joint collaborative operation mode is selected in step 2, step 7 is executed; Step 7: Follow-up actions for joint use mode In the joint collaborative operation mode, after completing the above steps, the rock multi-band waveform characteristics and temperature integrated synchronous monitoring device is removed, so that the combined device is split into independent components for subsequent maintenance or reconfiguration.

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