Station facility layout method
By constructing station simulation models and functional equations to optimize the passage distance in front of station facilities, the problems of small and medium-sized station design scale and passenger congestion in existing technologies have been solved, and economical and efficient facility layout has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410732019.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-06-06
AI Technical Summary
The existing methods for arranging station facilities lack scientific and efficient means of designing the passage distance in front of station facilities, resulting in the excessively large design scale of public areas in small stations or congestion of people, making it impossible to balance construction economy and pedestrian flow efficiency.
By constructing a station simulation model, establishing a layout scenario, calculating passenger transit time, and fitting functional equations, the layout scheme of station facilities is determined, and the relationship between the passage distance in front of station facilities and passenger flow is optimized.
It enables designers to scientifically and efficiently determine station facility layout schemes, balance station construction economy and passenger flow efficiency, and avoid design iterations and congestion.
Smart Images
Figure CN118821264B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of traffic design, and more specifically, to a method for arranging station facilities. Background Technology
[0002] As a hub for passenger flow in transportation networks, train stations typically have facilities such as security checks and turnstiles in their public areas. Sufficient space needs to be left in front of these facilities to allow for smooth passenger passage. If the passage distance in front of the facilities is too large, the station's public area will be too large, increasing construction costs; conversely, if the passage distance is too small, it will lead to congestion and reduce passenger comfort.
[0003] Currently, station facility layout typically relies on standards and experience from trunk railways and urban rail transit systems. However, these standards often only include minimum travel distances in front of station facilities, failing to consider their impact on construction costs and passenger congestion. Furthermore, existing experience lacks scientific validation, leading to inaccurate conclusions. Therefore, current station facility layout methods lack efficient and scientific approaches to designing travel distances in front of station facilities. In particular, smaller stations, such as suburban railway stations, primarily serve commuter traffic, have limited functionality, and lower passenger volumes compared to trunk railway and urban rail transit stations. The aforementioned standards and experience are ill-suited to the characteristics of smaller stations, often resulting in overly large public areas or passenger congestion.
[0004] There is an urgent need to improve the existing station facility layout methods in order to obtain a station facility layout scheme that balances the economic efficiency of station construction and the efficiency of passenger flow. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To at least partially solve the aforementioned technical problems, this application proposes a method for arranging station facilities. The method includes the following steps:
[0006] Construct a simulation model of the station;
[0007] Based on the simulation model, a layout scenario for the station facilities is established, wherein the layout scenario includes the passage distance in front of the station facilities and the station passenger flow.
[0008] Run a simulation model incorporating the aforementioned layout scenario to calculate passenger transit time for that scenario; and
[0009] Based on the travel distance in front of the station facilities, the station passenger flow, and the passenger transit time, a fitted function equation is used to determine the layout scheme of the station facilities.
[0010] Preferably, the simulation model includes a spatial model of the station, a station facility model, and a boundary model.
[0011] Preferably, passenger traffic patterns are set in the simulation model, wherein the passenger traffic patterns include the locations where passengers originate and disappear, the travel paths, and the methods of traversing station facilities.
[0012] Preferably, the layout scenarios are established in batches based on the travel distance range in front of the station facilities and the passenger flow range of the station, and the passenger passage time is calculated for each layout scenario.
[0013] Preferably, the simulation model can be run while the running process is controlled, and controlling the running process does not affect the simulation results. The operations for controlling the running process include: pausing, accelerating, adjusting the running time, and setting the time unit.
[0014] Preferably, based on the travel distance in front of the station facilities, the station passenger flow, and the passenger transit time, the following functional equation is fitted:
[0015] T = AL + BN + C,
[0016] In the above formula, T represents passenger transit time in seconds, L represents the distance in front of the station facilities in meters, N represents station passenger flow in person / day, and A, B, and C represent constants.
[0017] Preferably, the functional equation determines the functional relationship between passenger passage delay time ΔT, the distance traveled in front of station facilities, and station passenger flow through the following formula:
[0018] ΔT = T - T0,
[0019] In the above formula, T represents the passenger transit time, and T0 represents the passenger's free transit time.
[0020] T0 = L / V,
[0021] In the above formula, L represents the distance to the station facilities, and V represents the walking speed of passengers under normal conditions.
[0022] Preferably, the layout scheme of the station facilities is determined by calculating the passage distance in front of the station facilities and the passenger passage delay time under the conditions of station passenger flow.
[0023] Preferably, the station includes suburban railway stations and underground stations.
[0024] Preferably, the station facilities include security screening facilities and turnstiles.
[0025] The station facility layout method described in this application constructs a simulation model to calculate passenger transit time under specified layout scenarios and establishes a functional relationship between the distance to station facilities, station passenger flow, and passenger transit time, thereby assisting designers in determining the station facility layout scheme. Compared to existing technologies that rely on standards and experience specific to trunk railways and urban rail transit as design basis, this application can scientifically and efficiently assist designers in determining the distance to station facilities to obtain a station facility layout scheme that balances the economic efficiency of station construction and the efficiency of passenger flow.
[0026] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain this application. In the drawings:
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the layout of station facilities is shown;
[0029] Figure 2 Twelve exemplary layout scenarios are shown;
[0030] Figure 3 An exemplary simulation model's runtime interface is shown; and
[0031] Figure 4 The results of running an exemplary simulation model are shown. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0033] In some embodiments of this application, a simulation model and scene are established based on AnyLogic simulation software, and passenger transit time is calculated. Through simulation, the spatial environment and operational status of the station can be accurately simulated, and passenger transit data can be quantitatively calculated.
[0034] AnyLogic is a simulation modeling tool that can create simulation spaces and model passengers within those spaces. The simulation spaces include walls, obstacles, etc., and the passenger models include passenger size, acceleration, deceleration, and field of vision.
[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the station includes suburban railway stations and underground stations.
[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the station facilities include security screening facilities and turnstiles.
[0037] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the arrangement method of station facilities according to this application is shown.
[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the method 100 for arranging station facilities includes steps S110 to S140.
[0039] In step S110, a simulation model of the station is constructed.
[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the simulation model includes a spatial model of the station, a station facility model, and a boundary model.
[0041] In some embodiments, based on the station's spatial data, designers use AutoCAD to draw a base map of the spatial model and import the drawn base map into AnyLogic simulation software to construct the spatial model in the simulation model.
[0042] In some embodiments, the scale of the spatial model is adjusted using the AnyLogic simulation software to make the spatial model conform to the actual station spatial data.
[0043] In some embodiments, station facility models are set up in the simulation model using the 3D object library of AnyLogic simulation software, based on engineering experience.
[0044] In some embodiments, the location of the station facility model is set in the simulation model using the line service in the pedestrian library of AnyLogic simulation software.
[0045] In some embodiments, boundary models are drawn using object models such as walls, rectangular walls, and circular walls from the pedestrian library of AnyLogic simulation software to block the passage of passengers in the simulation model.
[0046] In some embodiments of this application, passenger traffic patterns are set in the simulation model, wherein the passenger traffic patterns include the locations where passengers originate and disappear, the travel paths, and the methods of traversing station facilities.
[0047] In some embodiments, target lines from the pedestrian database of AnyLogic simulation software are used to set the locations where passengers appear and disappear.
[0048] In some embodiments, the pedestrian library module of AnyLogic simulation software is used to set parameters for passenger behavior. In some embodiments, the "Pedsource" module in the above-mentioned library module is connected to the passenger's location target line to set parameters such as passenger speed and passenger type; the "Pedservice" module in the above-mentioned library module is connected to the line service to enable passengers to cross station facilities in a set order at a set location; the "PedGoTo" module in the above-mentioned library module is connected to the passenger's disappearance location target line to set the passenger's travel path parameters; and the "PedSink" module in the above-mentioned library module is connected to the passenger's disappearance location to set the parameters of the passenger's disappearance location.
[0049] In some embodiments, the passenger type in the "Pedsource" module is a pedestrian type from a pedestrian library that incorporates system dynamics parameters. Parameter settings for this pedestrian type are required to meet the requirements of passenger simulation.
[0050] In some embodiments, the number of passenger queues is set in AnyLogic simulation software.
[0051] In step S120, a layout scenario for station facilities is established based on the simulation model. The layout scenario includes the passage distance in front of the station facilities and the station passenger flow.
[0052] In some embodiments of this application, layout scenarios are established in batches based on the travel distance range in front of station facilities and the passenger flow range of the station, and the passenger passage time is calculated for each layout scenario.
[0053] In step S130, a simulation model combining the layout scenario is run to calculate the passenger transit time for the layout scenario.
[0054] In some embodiments, passenger transit time refers to the average transit time of all passengers during the simulation model operation under the set layout scenario conditions.
[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the running process can be controlled when running the simulation model, and controlling the running process does not affect the simulation results. The operations for controlling the running process include: pausing, accelerating, adjusting the running time, and setting the time unit.
[0056] In some embodiments, the data modules in the analysis library of AnyLogic simulation software are associated with passenger passage parameters and with the chart modules in the analysis library to visually reflect passenger passage data in charts.
[0057] In some embodiments, if it is determined that the simulation model's results do not conform to the actual situation, the passenger passage method is adjusted and the simulation model is rerun.
[0058] In step S140, a functional equation is fitted based on the passage distance in front of the station facilities, the station passenger flow, and the passenger passage time to determine the layout scheme of the station facilities.
[0059] In some embodiments of this application, the following functional equation is fitted based on the distance to the station facilities, station passenger flow, and passenger transit time.
[0060] T = AL + BN + C,
[0061] In the above formula, T represents passenger transit time in seconds, L represents the distance in front of the station facilities in meters, N represents station passenger flow in person / day, and A, B, and C represent constants.
[0062] In some embodiments, multiple sets of station facility access distances, station passenger flow, and passenger transit times are imported into SPSS software, and functional equations are fitted to determine the functional relationship between station facility access distances, station passenger flow, and passenger transit times.
[0063] In some embodiments of this application, the functional equation determines the functional relationship between passenger passage delay time ΔT, distance traveled in front of station facilities, and station passenger flow through the following formula:
[0064] ΔT = T - T0,
[0065] In the above formula, T represents the passenger transit time, and T0 represents the passenger's free transit time.
[0066] T0 = L / V,
[0067] In the above formula, L represents the distance to the station facilities, and V represents the walking speed of passengers under normal conditions.
[0068] In some embodiments of this application, the layout scheme of the station facilities is determined by calculating the passage distance in front of the station facilities and the passenger passage delay time under the conditions of station passenger flow.
[0069] In this application, passenger passage delay time is used to represent the degree of congestion when passengers pass through station facilities. By establishing a functional relationship between passenger passage delay time, distance in front of station facilities, and station passenger flow, designers can be easily and intuitively helped to judge the rationality of the set distance in front of station facilities. That is, the degree of congestion caused by the set distance in front of station facilities under the condition of station passenger flow. This can avoid designers repeatedly creating and running simulation models to verify the rationality of the set distance in front of station facilities.
[0070] In some embodiments, the above functional relationship can be used to quickly calculate passenger passage delay time based on the passage distance in front of station facilities and station passenger flow, and designers can quickly determine the appropriate passage distance in front of station facilities through trial calculations.
[0071] In some embodiments, the optimal station facility layout refers to the layout that minimizes the passage distance in front of the station facilities, provided that the passenger passage delay time is below a set threshold.
[0072] The following example illustrates the process of determining the layout of facilities at a suburban railway station. In this example, the passenger flow of the suburban railway station is 500 passengers per day.
[0073] In this example, a simulation model including a station spatial model, a station facility model, and a boundary model is created in AnyLogic simulation software. Passenger passage methods are set in the simulation model to establish an operational simulation environment for a suburban railway station.
[0074] In this example, by surveying existing and under-construction suburban railway stations in Beijing, the range of passage distance in front of station facilities is 3m to 5m, and the range of station passenger flow is 500 to 2000 people per day.
[0075] In this example, based on the aforementioned range of walking distances in front of station facilities and the range of station passenger flow, layout scenarios are created in batches. Walking distances in front of facilities are selected as 3m, 4m, and 5m, and passenger flow rates are selected as 500 passengers / day, 1000 passengers / day, 1500 passengers / day, and 2000 passengers / day, constructing 12 layout scenarios, such as... Figure 2 As shown.
[0076] In this example, the passenger transit time is calculated in the simulation model for each layout scenario. The simulation model's interface is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the simulation results obtained are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.
[0077] In this example, 12 sets of data on travel distance in front of station facilities, station passenger flow, and passenger transit time were imported into SPSS software. A functional equation was then fitted to establish the following relationship between these data: travel distance in front of station facilities, station passenger flow, and passenger transit time.
[0078] T = 1.449L + 0.001N + 7.002
[0079] Verification and calculation showed that the goodness-of-fit index R of the above functional equation was... 2 =0.992, the significance of the regression equation is 0.000, and the goodness of fit of the function is relatively good.
[0080] In this example, according to the "Code for Design of Urban Rail Transit Engineering" (DB11 / 995-2013), the average walking speed of passengers under normal conditions is 1 m / s. The following formula is used to determine the functional relationship between passenger passage delay time ΔT, passage distance L in front of station facilities, and station passenger flow N.
[0081]
[0082] According to existing research, when ΔT > 1.97L, Level I congestion will occur, and when ΔT is located in (0.56L, 1.97L), Level II congestion will occur.
[0083] In this example, based on the thresholds provided by the existing research, the designer quickly calculated and determined that the minimum passage distance in front of the station facilities without causing Level I congestion is 5.26 meters.
[0084] The preferred embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. However, this application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this application.
[0085] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this application will not describe the various possible combinations separately.
[0086] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this application can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this application, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by this invention.
Claims
1. A method for arranging station facilities, characterized in that, The station includes a suburban railway station, and the station facilities include security screening facilities and turnstiles. The method includes the following steps: Construct a simulation model of the station; Based on the simulation model, a layout scenario for the station facilities is established, wherein the layout scenario includes the passage distance in front of the station facilities and the station passenger flow. Run a simulation model incorporating the aforementioned layout scenario to calculate passenger transit time for that scenario; and Based on the passage distance in front of the station facilities, station passenger flow, and passenger transit time, a fitted function equation is obtained. Using the function equation, the designer calculates the passenger transit delay time based on the passage distance in front of the station facilities and station passenger flow, and determines the station facility layout scheme with the minimum passage distance in front of the station facilities, provided that the passenger transit delay time is lower than a set threshold.
2. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation model includes the station's spatial model, station facilities model, and boundary model.
3. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation model sets passenger traffic patterns, which include the passenger's origin and disappearance locations, travel paths, and methods of traversing station facilities.
4. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the distance range in front of the station facilities and the passenger flow range of the station, the layout scenarios are established in batches, and the passenger passage time is calculated for each layout scenario.
5. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, When running the simulation model, the running process can be controlled, and controlling the running process will not affect the simulation results. The operations for controlling the running process include: pausing, accelerating, adjusting the running time, and setting the time unit.
6. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the travel distance in front of the station facilities, the station passenger flow, and the passenger transit time, the following function equation is fitted. ， In the above formula, T represents passenger transit time in seconds, L represents the distance in front of the station facilities in meters, N represents station passenger flow in person / day, and A, B, and C represent constants.
7. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned functional equation, the passenger passage delay time is determined by the following formula. The functional relationship between the distance to station facilities and passenger flow at the station. ， In the above formula, Indicates passenger transit time. This indicates the time passengers have free passage, among which, ， In the above formula, L represents the distance to the station facilities, and V represents the walking speed of passengers under normal conditions.
8. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 7, characterized in that, The layout scheme of the station facilities is determined by calculating the passage distance in front of the station facilities and the passenger passage delay time under the conditions of station passenger flow.
9. The method for arranging station facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The station also includes an underground station.