High grafting method of Idesia

Abstract

The application discloses a high-branch grafting method of Idesia polycarpa, and belongs to the technical field of grafting of Idesia polycarpa, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a 1-2 year old Idesia polycarpa wood branch, and obtaining a scion after treatment; (2) selecting a 2-4 year old Idesia polycarpa seedling as a stock; and (3) grafting: embedding the scion into a cut of the stock quickly, and tightly combining the scion with the stock, then evenly applying an anti-water loss agent to the grafting position, and binding the grafting position with a plastic film, so that the problem of low grafting survival rate caused by easy water loss of the scion in the process of high-branch grafting of Idesia polycarpa is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the grafting technical field, and particularly relates to a high-branch grafting method of Idesia polycarpa. BACKGROUND

[0002] Idesia polycarpa Maxim. belongs to deciduous trees of Idesia polycarpa Maxim. and is also called as Idesia polycarpa Maxim., half frost red, oil grape and the like. The tree shape is beautiful, the fruit is in a string, has strong ornamental property and can be used as a garden greening tree species. The fruit has high oil content, is rich in microelements such as linoleic acid, linolenic acid and unsaturated fatty acid and is praised as a 'tree oil depot'. Idesia polycarpa is a plant of dioecious, under the natural growth state, the fruit setting difference is big, the male plant does not bear fruit, the yield is seriously affected by the dioecious, leading to the economic benefit of Idesia polycarpa to decrease. In order to guarantee the demand of high-quality seedling of Idesia polycarpa, the cuttage, grafting and tissue culture and the like can be used for the breeding of Idesia polycarpa. However, after the grafting of Idesia polycarpa, the stock and the scion often need a period of time to heal, and during the period, the scion not only cannot obtain the supply of nutrients and water, but also the callus generated at the grafting position continues to consume the nutrients and water, so the scion of Idesia polycarpa is easy to lose water and dry, thereby affecting the survival rate of the grafting. The commonly used method is wax sealing, but the temperature of the wax is too high when the wax sealing is performed, which can scald the scion; the temperature is too low, which can cause the wax layer to be too thick, thereby affecting the grafting effect; and the wax layer can be peeled off due to improper operation, thereby losing the moisturizing effect.

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a high-branch grafting method of Idesia polycarpa, which can inhibit the excessive water loss of the scion and improve the survival rate of the grafting of Idesia polycarpa. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above, the purpose of the present application is to provide a high-branch grafting method of Idesia polycarpa, which can solve the problem of low survival rate of the grafting due to the easy water loss of the scion in the process of the high-branch grafting of Idesia polycarpa.

[0005] The present application solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0006] A high-branch grafting method of Idesia polycarpa, the method comprises the following steps:

[0007] (1) scion selection: selecting 1-2 year old healthy, bud full Idesia polycarpa wood branches, and obtaining the scion after treatment;

[0008] (2) stock selection: selecting 2-4 year old Idesia polycarpa seedlings as the stock;

[0009] (3) Grafting: embedding the scion into the cut of the stock quickly, making the scion and the stock closely adhere to each other, then evenly coating the grafting part with an anti-water-loss agent, binding the grafting part with a plastic film, and then unbinding after two months.

[0010] Further, the treatment method of the scion in step (1) is that: 10-15 cm lignified branches are taken as the scion, and 2-4 buds are reserved on each scion, and a 2-3 cm long bevel is cut below the lowermost bud of the scion.

[0011] Further, the treatment method of the stock is that: cutting the stock stem at a distance of 30-40 cm from the ground, and cutting off the leaves or branches around the grafting part of the stock, and vertically splitting a 2-3 cm long split on the cut of the stock.

[0012] At present, after grafting, the grafting part is bound with a film, which can fix the scion, but the film binding alone cannot play a water supplementing role, therefore, the application coats the grafting part with an anti-water-loss agent before film binding.

[0013] Further, the preparation method of the anti-water-loss agent is as follows:

[0014] A: brassinolide and polyglutamic acid are added into a 30wt% ethanol solution and stirred uniformly, then sodium alginate is continuously added and stirred uniformly to obtain a sodium alginate solution, the sodium alginate solution is dropped into a 1wt% calcium chloride solution, and the composite particles are obtained by filtration;

[0015] B: alcohol-soluble polyamide is mixed with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an alcohol-soluble polyamide solution, which is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles, and a thin film is formed on the surface of the composite particles after standing for 3-4 h, thereby obtaining anti-water-loss particles;

[0016] C: pullulan is added into deionized water and stirred uniformly to obtain a pullulan solution, then hyaluronic acid, stearic acid and sodium laurate are added to obtain an anti-water-loss gel, and the anti-water-loss particles are added into the anti-water-loss gel and stirred uniformly to obtain the anti-water-loss agent.

[0017] Further, the particle size of the anti-water-loss particles is 2-3 mm.

[0018] Further, the mass ratio of the anti-water-loss gel to the anti-water-loss particles in the anti-water-loss agent is (10-12):(0.8-1).

[0019] Further, the mass ratio of hyaluronic acid, pullulan, stearic acid and sodium laurate is (5-6):(1-1.5):(1.2-1.5):(1-1.2).

[0020] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the sodium alginate, polyglutamic acid, and brassinolide is (3-4):(0.8-1):(0.8-1.2), and the mass concentration of the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution is 2 wt%.

[0021] Furthermore, the method for using the water loss preventer is as follows: applying the water loss preventer to the grafting site to a thickness of 0.3-0.5 cm.

[0022] The gel-state water-loss preventer of the present invention can effectively coat and seal the grafting site, and the pullulan in the water-loss preventer can form a water molecule protective film at the grafting site to prevent water evaporation from the scion. At the same time, the pullulan also has adhesiveness, which can enable the water-loss preventer to firmly adhere to the stock and the scion, so that the waterproofing agent can act more effectively on the grafting site. The gel made of hyaluronic acid can slowly release water and supply it to the scion when the scion continues to lose water. At the same time, the palmitic acid molecules in the water-loss agent are inserted between the polymer chains of the water-loss gel, reducing the interaction between the polymer chains, thereby reducing the gelation and strength of the water-loss agent gel. After sodium laurate is added to the water-loss agent, it can hinder the cross-linking of the gel, thereby reducing the number of cross-linking points between the gel-state water-loss agent, reducing the cross-linking of the water-loss agent, and destroying the three-dimensional network structure of the gel. The two synergistically promote the degradation of the water-loss gel. As the water-loss gel degrades, the pores in it increase, increasing the water loss rate of the water-loss gel, making it easier for the water in the water-loss gel to seep out and be supplied to the Castanopsis sylvestris scion, thereby maintaining the water content required for the callus of the Castanopsis sylvestris grafting site.

[0023] After grafting, first apply a water-loss preventive agent to the grafting interface, and then wrap a film around the surface of the water-loss preventive agent. The bound film is mainly used to prevent water loss at the grafting interface in the early stage of grafting, and the water-loss preventive gel can lock in moisture and continuously supply water to the grafting interface, which is beneficial for the grafting interface to maintain humidity and promote the formation of callus tissue. At this time, the film on the outside of the water-loss preventive particles has a certain barrier property, and the water-loss preventive particles will not release the internal moisture. Only the water-loss preventive gel provides moisture to the grafting interface. As the healing time progresses, under the continuous water release of the water-loss preventive gel, the water-loss preventive gel continues to shrink, and the film formed by the alcohol-soluble polyamide on the surface of the water-loss preventive particles gradually becomes brittle, and along with the plant After growth, the film squeezes the anti-water-loss particles, and the film on the surface of the anti-water-loss particles gradually breaks, revealing the composite particles inside. The internal moisture is released under the continued squeezing force of the anti-water-loss gel. The composite particles can continue to slowly release water to the grafting point. At the same time, the polyglutamic acid and brassinolide in the composite particles are slowly released along with the moisture and enter the grafting point. The polyglutamic acid can regulate the metabolism of cells at the grafting point and promote cell growth; the brassinolide can synergistically promote cell repair and differentiation at the grafting point. The two synergistically promote the formation of callus tissue at the grafting point, reduce water evaporation during the callus process, and achieve the purpose of promoting wound healing and high graft survival rate.

[0024] Furthermore, a bactericide is added to the water loss prevention agent, and the mass ratio of the bactericide to the water loss prevention gel is 1:20.

[0025] Furthermore, the bactericide is a mixture of one or more of sulfur powder, aspirin, and thiophanate-methyl.

[0026] During the grafting process, since the water loss prevention agent continuously replenishes moisture to the grafting site, especially under the binding effect of plastic film, the grafting site is easily infected by bacteria and rots. Therefore, a fungicide is added to the water loss prevention agent to inhibit the grafting site from being infected by pathogens, accelerate the healing of the grafting site, and improve the survival rate of the graft.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] The present invention improves the traditional Castanopsis truncatula grafting method by applying a water-loss preventer to the grafting site, effectively reducing evaporation of scion moisture and inhibiting air-drying and death caused by excessive water loss in the scion. Simultaneously, the water-loss preventer also promotes wound healing at the grafting site, thereby increasing the grafting survival rate of Castanopsis truncatula. Therefore, Castanopsis truncatula grafted using the method of the present invention exhibits rapid callus formation, rapid scion growth, and a high grafting survival rate. This method can produce more plants in a shorter period of time while reducing costs and achieving a higher market value. Furthermore, the present invention is simple to operate and easy to implement, making it worthy of widespread promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 : This is the high-branch grafting of the Castanopsis sylvestris fruit in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The application will be described in detail below in combination with specific examples:

[0031] Example 1: High branch grafting of Idesia

[0032] The application first prepares an anti-water-loss agent, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0033] A: 0.8 g of brassinolide and 0.8 g of polyglutamic acid are added to 90 ml of a 30 wt% ethanol solution, stirred uniformly, then 3 g of sodium alginate is continuously added, stirred uniformly to obtain a sodium alginate solution, the sodium alginate solution is dropped into a 1 wt% calcium chloride solution, and filtered to obtain composite particles of about 2 mm;

[0034] B: alcohol-soluble polyamide is mixed with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, which is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles, and after standing for 3 h, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles, to obtain anti-water-loss particles;

[0035] C: 1 g of pullulan is added to 100 ml of deionized water, stirred uniformly to obtain a pullulan solution, then 1.2 g of glyceric acid, 1 g of sodium laurate, and 5 g of hyaluronic acid are added to obtain an anti-water-loss gel, the anti-water-loss particles are added to the anti-water-loss gel, and the mass ratio of the anti-water-loss gel to the anti-water-loss particles is 10:0.8, and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain an anti-water-loss agent.

[0036] High branch grafting method of Idesia

[0037] (1) Scion selection: select 1-year-old healthy and bud full Idesia lignified branches, cut 10 cm as scions, and at least retain 2 buds on each scion, and cut a 2 cm long bevel below the lowermost bud of the scion;

[0038] (2) Selection of stock: select 2-year-old Idesia seedlings as stock, cut the seedling stock at a distance of 30 cm from the ground, and cut off the leaves or branches around the grafting part of the stock, and vertically split a 2 cm long split on the stock cut;

[0039] (3) Grafting: quickly embed the scion on the stock cut, so that the scion and the stock are closely attached, then evenly apply the anti-water-loss agent to the grafting part to a thickness of 0.3 cm, use plastic film to bind the interface, and unbend after two months.

[0040] Example 2: High branch grafting of Idesia

[0041] The application first prepares an anti-water-loss agent, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0042] A: Add 1g of brassinolide and 0.9g of polyglutamic acid to 105ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3.5g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2.5mm in diameter.

[0043] B: An alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with anhydrous ethanol is prepared by mixing the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3.5 hours, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0044] C: Add 1.25 g of pullulan to 110 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution. Then add 1.35 g of palmitic acid, 1.1 g of sodium laurate, and 5.5 g of hyaluronic acid. Add water-loss prevention particles and sulfur powder to the water-loss prevention gel. The mass ratio of the water-loss prevention gel, water-loss prevention particles, and sulfur powder is 11:0.9:0.55. Stir evenly to obtain a water-loss prevention agent.

[0045] High-branch grafting method of Shantongzi:

[0046] (1) Scion selection: Select one-year-old strong, full-bud woody branches of Castanopsis truncatum, cut 12 cm as scion, and retain at least 3 buds on each scion. Cut a 2.5 cm long bevel below the lowest bud of the scion;

[0047] (2) Rootstock selection: Select 3-year-old Castanopsis chinensis seedlings as rootstocks, cut the seedling rootstock stem 35 cm above the ground, and cut off the leaves or branches around the grafting site of the rootstock, and make a 2.5 cm long split vertically downward on the rootstock cut;

[0048] (3) Grafting: Quickly embed the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the scion and the rootstock fit tightly together. Then evenly apply a water loss preventer to the grafting site to a thickness of 0.4 cm. Use plastic film to tie the interface and untie it after two months.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] The present invention first prepares a fluid loss prevention agent, and the specific preparation method is as follows:

[0051] A: Add 1.2g of brassinolide and 1g of polyglutamic acid to 120ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 4g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 3mm in diameter.

[0052] B: The alcohol-soluble polyamide is mixed with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, which is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 4 h, a thin film with a thickness of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain the anti-water-loss particles;

[0053] C: 1.5 g of pullulan is added to 120 ml of deionized water to obtain a pullulan solution, which is then uniformly stirred. Then, 1.5 g of palmitic acid, 1.2 g of sodium laurate, and 6 g of hyaluronic acid are added to obtain an anti-water-loss gel. The anti-water-loss particles and sulfur powder are added to the anti-water-loss gel, and the mass ratio of the anti-water-loss gel, the anti-water-loss particles, and the sulfur powder is 12:1:0.6. The mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain the anti-water-loss agent.

[0054] High-branch grafting method of Torxeyia chinensis

[0055] (1) Selection of scion: Select 2-year-old healthy and bud-filled Torxeyia chinensis wood branches, and cut 15 cm as scions. At least 4 buds are retained on each scion, and a 3 cm long bevel is cut below the lowermost bud of the scion;

[0056] (2) Selection of stock: Select 4-year-old Torxeyia chinensis seedlings as stocks. The stock trunk is cut 40 cm from the ground, and the leaves or branches around the grafting position of the stock are removed. A 3 cm long split is vertically split downward on the stock cut;

[0057] (3) Grafting: The scion is quickly inserted into the stock cut, so that the scion and the stock are closely attached. Then, the anti-water-loss agent is uniformly applied to the grafting position to a thickness of 0.5 cm. Plastic film is used to bind the interface, and the binding is removed after two months.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, and the only difference is that the raw materials of the anti-water-loss agent are different. Specifically, no pullulan is added. The specific method is as follows:

[0060] A: 0.8 g of brassinolide and 0.8 g of polyglutamic acid are added to 90 ml of 30 wt% ethanol solution, and stirred uniformly. Then, 3 g of sodium alginate is added and stirred uniformly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. The sodium alginate solution is dropped into a 1 wt% calcium chloride solution, and filtered to obtain composite particles with a size of about 2 mm;

[0061] B: The alcohol-soluble polyamide is mixed with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, which is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 h, a thin film with a thickness of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain the anti-water-loss particles;

[0062] C. Add 1.2 g of palmitic acid to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a palmitic acid solution. Then, add 1 g of sodium laurate and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel. Add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0063] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 2:

[0065] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the raw materials of the fluid loss agent are different, specifically, no palmitic acid is added. The specific method is as follows:

[0066] A: Add 0.8g of brassinolide and 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2mm in diameter.

[0067] B: An alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with anhydrous ethanol is prepared by mixing the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 hours, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0068] C: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1 g of sodium laurate and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0069] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 3:

[0071] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the raw materials of the fluid loss prevention agent are different, specifically, sodium laurate is not added. The specific method is as follows:

[0072] A: Add 0.8g of brassinolide and 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2mm in diameter.

[0073] B: An alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with anhydrous ethanol is prepared by mixing the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 hours, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0074] C: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1.2 g of palmitic acid and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0075] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 4:

[0077] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the raw materials of the fluid loss agent are different, specifically, no brassinolide is added. The specific method is as follows:

[0078] A: Add 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then add 3g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise into 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2mm.

[0079] B: An alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with anhydrous ethanol is prepared by mixing the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 hours, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0080] C: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1.2 g of palmitic acid, 1 g of sodium laurate, and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0081] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0082] Comparative Example 5:

[0083] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the raw materials of the fluid loss prevention agent are different, specifically, no polyglutamic acid is added. The specific method is as follows:

[0084] A: Add 0.8 g of brassinolide to 90 ml of a 30 wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3 g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise into a 1 wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2 mm in diameter.

[0085] B: An alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with anhydrous ethanol is prepared by mixing the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 hours, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0086] C: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1.2 g of palmitic acid, 1 g of sodium laurate, and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0087] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 6:

[0089] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that 2 mm super absorbent resin particles are used to prepare the water loss prevention particles. The specific method is as follows:

[0090] A: Add 0.8g of brassinolide and 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then add 2mm super absorbent resin particles and let it stand for 1 hour. Then remove the mixture to obtain composite particles.

[0091] B: An alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with anhydrous ethanol is prepared by mixing the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, and the solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 hours, a thin film of about 0.05 mm is formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0092] C: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1.2 g of palmitic acid, 1 g of sodium laurate, and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0093] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 7:

[0095] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that polyvinyl alcohol is used instead of alcohol-soluble polyamide to coat the composite particles. The specific method is as follows:

[0096] A: Add 0.8g of brassinolide and 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2mm in diameter.

[0097] B: Polyvinyl alcohol and anhydrous ethanol were mixed to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, which was evenly sprayed on the surface of the composite particles. After standing for 3 hours, a film of about 0.05 mm was formed on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles;

[0098] C: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1.2 g of palmitic acid, 1 g of sodium laurate, and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the anti-water loss particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the anti-water loss particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0099] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 8:

[0101] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the composite particles are not coated during the preparation of the water loss prevention particles. The specific method is as follows:

[0102] A: Add 0.8g of brassinolide and 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2mm in diameter.

[0103] B: Add 1 g of pullulan to 100 ml of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then add 1.2 g of palmitic acid, 1 g of sodium laurate, and 5 g of hyaluronic acid to obtain an anti-water loss gel, add the composite particles to the anti-water loss gel, wherein the mass ratio of the anti-water loss gel to the composite particles is 10:0.8, and stir evenly to obtain an anti-water loss agent.

[0104] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0105] Comparative Example 9:

[0106] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that only water-loss prevention granules are prepared as the water-loss prevention agent. The specific method is as follows:

[0107] A: Add 0.8g of brassinolide and 0.8g of polyglutamic acid to 90ml of a 30wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add 3g of sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles of approximately 2mm in diameter.

[0108] B: Mix alcohol-soluble polyamide with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an alcohol-soluble polyamide solution with a mass concentration of 2 wt%, spray it evenly on the surface of the composite particles, and after standing for 3 hours, form a thin film of about 0.05 mm on the surface of the composite particles to obtain a water loss preventive agent.

[0109] High-branch grafting method of Shantongzi:

[0110] (1)-(2) are the same as in Example 1;

[0111] (3) Grafting: Quickly embed the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the scion and the rootstock fit tightly together. Then use plastic film to tie the water loss preventer to the grafting point and untie it after two months.

[0112] Comparative Example 10:

[0113] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that no water-loss control particles are added during the preparation of the water-loss control agent. The specific method is as follows:

[0114] A: Add 1g of pullulan to 100ml of deionized water and stir well to obtain a pullulan solution. Then add 1.2g of palmitic acid, 1g of sodium laurate, and 5g of hyaluronic acid and stir well to obtain a water loss preventer.

[0115] The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0116] Comparative Example 11:

[0117] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that a grafting clip is used instead of a plastic film for binding at the interface. The specific method is as follows:

[0118] (1) Scion selection: Select one-year-old strong, full-bud woody branches of Castanopsis chinensis, cut 10 cm as scions, and retain two buds on each scion. Cut a 2 cm long bevel below the lowest bud of the scion;

[0119] (2) Rootstock selection: Select a 2-year-old Castanopsis chinensis seedling as the rootstock, cut the seedling rootstock 30 cm above the ground, and cut off the leaves or branches around the grafting site of the rootstock, and make a 2 cm long split vertically downward on the rootstock cut;

[0120] (3) Grafting: Quickly embed the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the scion fits tightly against the rootstock. Then evenly apply a water loss preventer to the grafting site to a thickness of 0.3 cm. Then use a grafting clamp to fix the scion and remove it after two months.

[0121] The fluid loss prevention agent used in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0122] Blank control:

[0123] The blank control is compared with Example 1, the only difference being that no fluid loss agent is used for treatment. The specific method is as follows:

[0124] (1)-(2) are the same as in Example 1;

[0125] (3) Grafting: Quickly embed the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the scion and the rootstock fit tightly together, use plastic film to tie the interface, and untie it after two months.

[0126] experiment:

[0127] In late February 2024, one-year-old strong and full-budded woody branches of Castanopsis chinensis were selected, 10 cm long were cut as scions, and two buds were retained on each scion. A 2 cm long slope was cut below the bud at the bottom of the scion to make the lower end of the scion flat wedge-shaped. Two-year-old Castanopsis chinensis seedlings were selected as rootstocks. The rootstock stems of the seedlings were cut 30 cm from the ground, and the leaves or branches around the grafting site of the rootstock were cut off. A 2 cm long split was made vertically downward on the cut of the rootstock. The obtained scion is quickly embedded in the stock incision, so that the stock cambium is aligned with the scion cambium, and then the water loss prevention agent prepared by Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-11 is evenly applied at the grafting site, and applied to a thickness of 0.3cm. Then, plastic film is used to bind the tung oil tree interfaces of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-10. Comparative Example 11 does not use plastic film to bind at the interface but adopts grafting clips. The blank control does not apply water loss prevention agent, and only uses plastic film to bind at the interface. Each experimental group carries out 30 groups of grafting, which are repeated three times. After the grafting is completed, the length of the scion is measured, and the plastic film that is bound is untied after 60 days of grafting. The length of the scion is measured again, and the growth amount of the scion is calculated. At the same time, the number of tung oil tree grafting survivals after 60 days is counted, and the survival rate of tung oil tree grafting is calculated. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0128] Table 1

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Analyzing Table 1, we can get:

[0132] 1. Comparative Examples 1-3 are different from Example 1 in that the raw materials of the water loss preventer gel are different. Comparative Example 1 does not add pullulan, and the viscosity of the water loss preventer in the gel state is low. The adhesion performance at the grafting interface is insufficient, and the water loss preventer cannot work well. The scion water loss rate is high, and subsequent growth is affected, resulting in a decrease in its graft survival rate and a small amount of scion growth. Comparative Example 2 does not add palmitic acid, and Comparative Example 3 does not add sodium laurate. The strength of its water loss preventer gel is higher, and its water release rate is slower than that of Example 1. The water supply to the grafting site of Castanopsis sylvestris is insufficient, resulting in slow callus at its grafting site, affected scion growth, and a reduced graft survival rate.

[0133] 2. Comparative Example 4 does not add brassinolide, and Comparative Example 5 does not add polyglutamic acid. The anti-water loss gel can provide moisture to the grafting site in the early stage, and as the callus progresses, the anti-water loss particles gradually rupture under the pressure of their water loss shrinkage, exposing the internal composite particles, and continue to release water to the grafting site. However, since Comparative Example 4 does not add brassinolide, the metabolism of cells at the grafting site is slow, and the cell growth is slow, resulting in slow callus formation. Comparative Example 5 does not add polyglutamic acid, the differentiation rate of cells at the grafting site is slow, and the grafting site heals slowly. At this time, the water released by the composite particles is not enough to maintain the callus at the grafting site, resulting in the grafting site still losing more water during the subsequent healing process. Therefore, the grafting survival rates of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 are low.

[0134] 3. Comparative Example 6 uses super absorbent resin particles to prepare water-loss prevention particles. When the surface film of the water-loss prevention particles is broken under the extrusion force, the water in the super absorbent resin particles inside is difficult to be squeezed out and cannot continue to provide water to the scion, resulting in excessive evaporation of water in the scion, affecting its growth or even drying it out, thereby causing a decrease in the graft survival rate.

[0135] 4. Comparative Example 7 uses polyvinyl alcohol to replace alcohol-soluble polyamide. The film property made of polyvinyl alcohol is better. It is difficult to break in the subsequent process, causing the moisture in the water-loss-proof particles and polyglutamic acid, brassinolide to be unable to be provided to the grafting port in time. The grafting port callus rate is slower, and water loss is more, causing the grafting survival rate to decline. Comparative Example 8 is compared with Example 1, and composite particles are not coated. After the water-loss-proof agent is applied to the grafting port, the moisture in the composite particles and polyglutamic acid, brassinolide are quickly released, and the formation of callus is promoted in a short time. However, moisture can not be provided for the grafting port in a sustainable manner, and along with the progress of callus, the water-loss-proof agent gel part continuously releases water, and composite particles have also released most of moisture. The water-loss-proof agent can not continue to provide moisture to the grafting port, causing the grafting port that has not completed healing to start consuming its own moisture, thereby causing water evaporation to be too much, and scion growth is affected and even air-dried, so the grafting survival rate is reduced.

[0136] 5. Comparative Example 9, compared with Example 1, shows that the desiccation agent prepared solely from desiccation-loss granules gradually ruptures under the pressure of the film after plant growth. This results in virtually no water supply to the grafting site in the early stages, and no ability to promote callus formation. This leads to slow graft healing and severe scion dehydration, affecting scion growth and reducing graft survival rates. Comparative Example 10, compared with Example 1, shows that no desiccation-loss granules were added during the preparation process. While the desiccation-loss gel can provide sufficient water to the grafting site to ensure healing in the early stages, the gel-state portion suffers from severe dehydration in the later stages, resulting in slow graft healing. Furthermore, the scion continues to lose water, causing excessive scion dehydration and a reduced graft survival rate.

[0137] 6. Comparative Example 11 does not use plastic film to bind the grafting clip at the interface, and the grafting survival rate is low, and the scion growth is low. This is because the use of plastic film to bind can prevent the grafting interface from losing too much water before grafting, protects the grafting, and can squeeze the water-loss agent in the later stage and cause the water-loss agent film to rupture, so that the grafting continues to provide moisture, and the grafting clip cannot suppress the evaporation of water in the early stage, and cannot play the effect of squeezing the water-loss particles, thereby causing the water-loss agent to be unable to provide moisture for the scion in a sustainable manner, resulting in a decline in the grafting survival rate. The blank control is not treated with water-loss agent, and after grafting, plastic film is used to bind to prevent the grafting interface from evaporating too much water to a certain extent, but the process of grafting callus formation cannot be avoided, which leads to a decrease in the grafting survival rate. The blank control does not use water-loss agent or plastic film to bind at the interface, and the grafting interface does not have a supply of water to supplement, and the generation of callus tissue can continue to consume water, causing the scion of the Chinese tallow tree to easily lose water and dry during this period, resulting in a decrease in the final grafting survival rate.

[0138] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalents shall be encompassed by the claims of the present invention. Any techniques, shapes, and structures not described in detail herein are well known.

Claims

1. A high-branch grafting method for Castanopsis sylvestris, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Scion selection: Select 1-2 year old lignified branches of Castanopsis chinensis and process them to obtain scion; (2) Rootstock selection: Choose 2-4 year old Castanopsis chinensis seedlings as rootstocks; (3) Grafting: Quickly embed the scion into the cut of the rootstock so that the scion and the rootstock fit tightly together, then evenly apply a water loss preventive agent on the grafting site and use plastic film to tie the interface; The preparation method of the water loss prevention agent is as follows: A: Add brassinolide and polyglutamic acid to a 30 wt% ethanol solution and stir evenly. Then, add sodium alginate and stir evenly to obtain a sodium alginate solution. Add the sodium alginate solution dropwise to a 1 wt% calcium chloride solution and filter to obtain composite particles. B: Mixing alcohol-soluble polyamide with anhydrous ethanol to obtain an alcohol-soluble polyamide solution, spraying the solution evenly on the surface of the composite particles, and allowing it to stand for 3-4 hours to form a thin film on the surface of the composite particles to obtain water loss prevention particles; C: adding pullulan to deionized water and stirring evenly to obtain a pullulan solution, then adding palmitic acid, sodium laurate, and hyaluronic acid to obtain a water-loss prevention gel, adding the water-loss prevention particles to the water-loss prevention gel and stirring evenly to obtain a water-loss prevention agent; The mass ratio of the water-loss prevention gel to the water-loss prevention particles in the water-loss prevention agent is (10-12): (0.8-1); The mass ratio of the hyaluronic acid, pullulan, palmitic acid and sodium laurate is (5-6): (1-1.5): (1.2-1.5): (1-1.2); The mass ratio of the sodium alginate, polyglutamic acid, and brassinolide is (3-4): (0.8-1): (0.8-1.2), and the mass concentration of the alcohol-soluble polyamide solution is 2 wt %.

2. The high-branch grafting method of a Castanopsis sylvestris fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scion processing method in step (1) is as follows: 10-15 cm lignified branches are cut as scions, and 2-4 buds are retained on each scion, and a 2-3 cm long slope is cut below the lowermost bud of the scion.

3. The high-branch grafting method of a Castanopsis sylvestris fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for processing the rootstock is as follows: cutting off the seedling rootstock trunk 30-40 cm from the ground, cutting off leaves or branches around the grafting position of the rootstock, and making a 2-3 cm long split vertically downward on the rootstock incision.

4. The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis japonici according to claim 3, characterized in that: The particle size of the composite particles is 2-3 mm.

5. The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis sylvestris according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for using the water loss prevention agent is as follows: apply the water loss prevention agent to the grafting site to a thickness of 0.3-0.5 cm.

6. The high-branch grafting method of Castanopsis japonici according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water loss prevention agent is further added with a bactericide, and the mass ratio of the bactericide to the water loss prevention gel is 1:20.

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