Gear shifting structure and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, and provides a shifting structure and a vehicle, wherein the input end of a planetary reduction mechanism is transmission-connected to the output end of a motor; a first transmission shaft system includes a first shaft, a first sub-gear, and a second main gear, the first sub-gear and the second main gear both being fixedly sleeved on the first shaft and spaced apart along the axial direction of the first shaft, and the first shaft is transmission-connected to the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism; a second transmission shaft system includes a second shaft, a first main gear, a second sub-gear, and a sliding sleeve, the first main gear being used to transmit power to the engine, the first main gear meshing with the first sub-gear for transmission, the second sub-gear meshing with the second main gear for transmission, and either the first main gear or the second sub-gear being transmission-connected to the second shaft via the sliding sleeve. In this way, a vehicle equipped with the above-mentioned shifting structure can achieve smooth and rapid shifting by reducing the speed difference between the first shaft and the second shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, and in particular to a gear shifting structure and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] An automated manual transmission (AMT) is a microcomputer-controlled automatic transmission system based on a dry clutch and manual transmission. The AMT determines the optimal gear based on parameters such as vehicle speed, throttle, and driver commands. It then controls the driver's previously manual operations, such as clutch engagement and disengagement, shifting and engaging the gears using the shift lever, and synchronously adjusting the engine throttle position, ultimately automating the shifting process.

[0003] However, during use, it was found that the shifting quality of AMT was not high, that is, there was an obvious sense of frustration when shifting, which seriously affected the driving experience.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shift structure and a vehicle to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a gear shifting structure and a vehicle, which can achieve smooth and fast gear shifting.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The gear shifting structure includes:

[0008] Motor;

[0009] A planetary reduction mechanism, wherein the input end of the planetary reduction mechanism is drivingly connected to the output end of the motor;

[0010] a first transmission shaft system, the first transmission shaft system comprising a first shaft, a first sub-gear, and a second main gear, the first sub-gear and the second main gear being fixedly sleeved on the first shaft and spaced apart along the axial direction of the first shaft, the first shaft being transmission-connected to the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism;

[0011] The second transmission shaft system includes a second shaft, a first main gear, a second sub-gear and a sliding sleeve. The first main gear is used to transmit power to the engine. The first main gear is meshed with the first sub-gear for transmission. The second sub-gear is meshed with the second main gear for transmission. Either the first main gear or the second sub-gear can be connected to the second shaft through the sliding sleeve.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the above-mentioned planetary reduction mechanism includes a ring gear, a first sun gear, a first planetary carrier and a plurality of first planetary gears. The output end of the above-mentioned motor is transmission connected to the above-mentioned first sun gear. The above-mentioned ring gear is sleeved outside the above-mentioned first sun gear. The above-mentioned first planetary gears are clamped between the above-mentioned first sun gear and the above-mentioned ring gear. The above-mentioned first planetary gears can rotate along the circumferential direction of the above-mentioned ring gear. One end of the above-mentioned first planetary carrier is connected to the above-mentioned first planetary gear, and the other end is transmission connected to the above-mentioned first shaft.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the above-mentioned planetary reduction mechanism also includes a second sun gear, a second planetary carrier and a plurality of second planetary gears. The above-mentioned first sun gear and the above-mentioned second sun gear are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the above-mentioned ring gear. The above-mentioned ring gear is sleeved outside the above-mentioned second sun gear. The above-mentioned second planetary gears are clamped between the above-mentioned second sun gear and the above-mentioned ring gear and can rotate along the circumferential direction of the above-mentioned ring gear. The other end of the above-mentioned first planetary carrier is transmission connected to the above-mentioned second sun gear, one end of the above-mentioned second planetary carrier is connected to the above-mentioned second planetary gear, and the other end is transmission connected to the above-mentioned first shaft.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the output end of the above-mentioned motor is connected to the above-mentioned first sun gear via a spline.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the above-mentioned first planetary gear is mounted on the above-mentioned first planetary carrier through a ball bearing.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, it also includes a third shaft, which is coaxially arranged with the above-mentioned second shaft. One end of the above-mentioned third shaft is connected to the output end of the above-mentioned engine, and the other end is connected to the above-mentioned first main gear through a spline.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the above-mentioned first main gear is connected to a first coupling tooth via a spline, and the above-mentioned first coupling tooth is used to be connected to the above-mentioned sliding sleeve.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the above-mentioned second sub-gear is sleeved on the above-mentioned second shaft and can rotate relative to the above-mentioned second shaft.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned shifting structure, the above-mentioned first sub-gear is equipped with a first speed sensor for obtaining the speed of the above-mentioned first shaft.

[0020] A vehicle is also provided, comprising the above-mentioned shift structure.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention provides a shifting structure comprising a motor, a planetary reduction mechanism, a first transmission shaft system, and a second transmission shaft system. The input end of the planetary reduction mechanism is in transmission connection with the output end of the motor; the first transmission shaft system comprises a first shaft, a first sub-gear, and a second main gear, both of which are fixedly sleeved on the first shaft and spaced apart along the axial direction of the first shaft, and the first shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism; the second transmission shaft system comprises a second shaft, a first main gear, a second sub-gear, and a sliding sleeve, the first main gear being used for transmission with the engine, the first main gear meshing with the first sub-gear for transmission, and the second sub-gear meshing with the second main gear for transmission, and either the first main gear or the second sub-gear being capable of transmission connection with the second shaft via the sliding sleeve.

[0023] Specifically, the motor is connected to the first shaft via a planetary reduction mechanism. The planetary reduction mechanism can reduce the motor's output speed and increase its output torque. The first secondary gear and the second main gear rotate synchronously with the first shaft. The engine drives the first main gear and the first secondary gear to rotate the first shaft, and the second main gear drives the second secondary gear to rotate. The second shaft can be connected to either the first main gear or the second secondary gear via a sliding sleeve, thereby rotating. The motor can output positive or negative torque to reduce the speed difference between the first and second shafts. In this way, when the motor is shifting up, it outputs negative torque to suppress the increase in the speed of the first shaft and reduce the speed difference between the first and second shafts. When the motor is shifting down, it outputs positive torque to further accelerate the speed of the first shaft, so that the speeds of the first and second shafts approach each other as quickly as possible.

[0024] The present application also provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned shifting structure, which achieves smooth and fast shifting by reducing the speed difference between the first shaft and the second shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in describing the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a shift structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a planetary reduction mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 10. Motor;

[0030] 20. Planetary reduction mechanism; 21. Ring gear; 22. First sun gear; 23. First planet carrier; 24. First planet gear; 25. Second sun gear; 26. Second planet carrier; 27. Second planet gear;

[0031] 30. First transmission shaft system; 31. First shaft; 32. First secondary gear; 33. Second main gear;

[0032] 40. Second transmission shaft system; 41. Second shaft; 42. First main gear; 43. Second secondary gear; 44. Sliding sleeve; 45. First coupling tooth; 46. Second coupling tooth;

[0033] 50. Third axis;

[0034] 60. First speed sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meanings.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a shifting structure, including a motor 10, a planetary reduction mechanism 20, a first transmission shaft system 30, and a second transmission shaft system 40. The input end of the planetary reduction mechanism 20 is transmission-connected to the output end of the motor 10; the first transmission shaft system 30 includes a first shaft 31, a first sub-gear 32, and a second main gear 33. The first sub-gear 32 and the second main gear 33 are both fixedly sleeved on the first shaft 31 and spaced apart along the axial direction of the first shaft 31. The first shaft 31 is transmission-connected to the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism 20; the second transmission shaft system 40 includes a second shaft 41, a first main gear 42, a second sub-gear 43, and a sliding sleeve 44. The first main gear 42 is used for transmission with the engine. The first main gear 42 is meshed with the first sub-gear 32 for transmission, and the second sub-gear 43 is meshed with the second main gear 33 for transmission. Either the first main gear 42 or the second sub-gear 43 can be transmission-connected to the second shaft 41 via the sliding sleeve 44.

[0040] Specifically, the motor 10 is connected to the first shaft 31 through the planetary reduction mechanism 20. The planetary reduction mechanism 20 can reduce the output speed of the motor 10 and increase the output torque. The first sub-gear 32 and the second main gear 33 rotate synchronously with the first shaft 31; the engine drives the first main gear 42 and the first sub-gear 32 to rotate the first shaft 31, and the second main gear 33 drives the second sub-gear 43 to rotate. The second shaft 41 can be connected to any one of the first main gear 42 and the second sub-gear 43 through the sleeve 44, thereby rotating. The motor 10 can output positive torque or negative torque to reduce the speed difference between the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41.

[0041] Specifically, during use, the transmission generally includes upshifting and downshifting. For ease of description, it is assumed that the transmission ratio between the first main gear 42 and the first sub-gear 32 is greater than the transmission ratio between the second sub-gear 43 and the second main gear 33. That is, the first sub-gear 32 and the first main gear 42 form a low-speed gear position, and the second main gear 33 and the second sub-gear 43 form a high-speed gear position.

[0042] Assume that the second shaft 41 is now connected to the first main gear 42 through the sliding sleeve 44. At this time, two transmission paths are formed, that is, one of which is the engine driving the first shaft 31 to rotate through the first main gear 42 and the first sub-gear 32, and the other is the engine driving the second shaft 41 to rotate through the first main gear 42 and the sliding sleeve 44. When shifting up, the sleeve 44 is first moved to the neutral position, that is, the sleeve 44 is not connected to the first main gear 42 and the second sub-gear 43. At this time, there is no power transmission between the second shaft 41 and the engine and the first shaft 31. The first shaft 31 continues to rotate under the drive of the engine, while the second shaft 41 performs a deceleration motion under the action of its own inertia. At this time, the motor 10 starts and outputs negative torque. After the deceleration and torque increase of the planetary reduction mechanism 20, the first shaft 31 is driven to perform a deceleration motion. At the same time, the second main gear 33 drives the second sub-gear 43 to perform a deceleration motion. Until the rotational speed of the second sub-gear 43 is close to that of the second shaft 41, the sleeve 44 connects the second sub-gear 43 and the second shaft 41, and the second shaft 41 is transmitted to the first shaft 31 through the second main gear 33 and the second sub-gear 43.

[0043] Assume that the second shaft 41 is now connected to the second sub-gear 43 through the sliding sleeve 44, and the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41 are driven by the second main gear 33 and the second sub-gear 43. When downshifting, the sliding sleeve 44 is first moved to the neutral position, the second shaft 41 performs a deceleration movement, the motor 10 is started and outputs positive torque, the rotation of the first shaft 31 is increased, and then the speed of the first sub-gear 32 and the first main gear 42 is increased until the rotation speed of the first main gear 42 and the second shaft 41 is close. Then the sliding sleeve 44 connects the first main gear 42 and the second shaft 41, and the second shaft 41 is driven by the engine through the first main gear 42.

[0044] In this way, when the motor 10 shifts up, it outputs negative torque to suppress the increase in the speed of the first shaft 31 and reduce the speed difference between the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41; when the motor 10 shifts down, it outputs positive torque to further accelerate the speed of the first shaft 31, so that the speeds of the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41 approach each other as quickly as possible. In this way, smooth and fast gear shifting is achieved by reducing the speed difference between the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41.

[0045] like Figure 2As shown, the planetary reduction mechanism 20 optionally includes a first planetary gear 24 system, which includes a ring gear 21, a first sun gear 22, a first planet carrier 23, and a plurality of first planetary gears 24. The output end of the motor 10 is in transmission connection with the first sun gear 22. The ring gear 21 is sleeved outside the first sun gear 22. The first planetary gears 24 are sandwiched between the first sun gear 22 and the ring gear 21 and can rotate along the circumference of the ring gear 21. One end of the first planetary carrier 23 is connected to the first planetary gear 24, and the other end is in transmission connection with the first shaft 31. In this way, by driving the planetary gears through the sun gear, the transmission ratio is increased, the speed is reduced, and the torque is increased.

[0046] Optionally, the planetary reduction mechanism 20 further includes a second sun gear 25, a second planetary carrier 26, and a plurality of second planetary gears 27. The first sun gear 22 and the second sun gear 25 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the ring gear 21. The ring gear 21 is sleeved outside the second sun gear 25. The second planetary gears 27 are sandwiched between the second sun gear 25 and the ring gear 21 and can rotate along the circumferential direction of the ring gear 21. The other end of the first planetary carrier 23 is transmission-connected to the second sun gear 25. One end of the second planetary carrier 26 is connected to the second planetary gear 27, and the other end is transmission-connected to the first shaft 31. In this way, by providing a double-stage reduction, the output speed of the motor 10 can be further reduced and the torque output by the motor 10 can be increased.

[0047] Optionally, the output end of the motor 10 is spline-connected to the first sun gear 22. Specifically, the output shaft of the motor 10 is its output end. The output shaft of the motor 10 is coaxially arranged with the first sun gear 22 and inserted into the first sun gear 22. One of the output shaft of the motor 10 and the first sun gear 22 is fixed with a spline, and the other has a spline groove. The spline and the spline groove are plugged into each other to achieve circumferential limitation of the output shaft of the motor 10 and the first sun gear 22.

[0048] In other embodiments, both the output shaft of the motor 10 and the first sun gear 22 are provided with spline grooves, and the splines can be inserted into both spline grooves at the same time.

[0049] In other embodiments, the output shaft of the motor 10 and the first sun gear 22 are interference fit.

[0050] Optionally, the first planetary gear 24 is sleeved on the first planetary carrier 23 via a ball bearing.

[0051] In this embodiment, the ring gear 21 is a fixed part and cannot be driven by the first sun gear 22. When the first sun gear 22 rotates, the first planetary gear 24 must rotate around the axis of the first sun gear 22 and rotate on its own. The setting of the ball bearing can reduce the friction between the first planetary gear 24 and the first planetary carrier 23, so that the first planetary gear 24 can quickly respond to the drive of the first sun gear 22.

[0052] Furthermore, one end of the first planet carrier 23 is connected to the axis of the first planet gear 24 .

[0053] Optionally, the shift structure further includes a third shaft 50 , which is coaxially arranged with the second shaft 41 , with one end of the third shaft 50 connected to the output end of the engine, and the other end connected to the first main gear 42 via a spline.

[0054] Optionally, the first main gear 42 is connected to a first coupling tooth 45 via a spline, and the first coupling tooth 45 is used to be connected to the sliding sleeve 44 .

[0055] Optionally, the second sub-gear 43 is connected to a second meshing tooth 46 via a spline, and the second meshing tooth 46 is used to connect with the sliding sleeve 44

[0056] Optionally, the second sub-gear 43 is sleeved on the second shaft 41 and can rotate relative to the second shaft 41. This arrangement can reduce the space occupied by the second shaft 41 and the second sub-gear 43 in the axial direction of the second shaft 41.

[0057] Optionally, the first sub-gear 32 is equipped with a first rotation speed sensor 60 for acquiring the rotation speed of the first shaft 31 .

[0058] Furthermore, the shifting structure also includes a control system, which includes a control unit and a second speed sensor. The second speed sensor is used to obtain the speed of the second shaft 41. The first speed sensor 60 and the second speed sensor are all connected to the control unit through the motor 10. The control unit can obtain the speed V1 of the first shaft 31 and the speed V2 of the second shaft 41 respectively through the first sensor and the second sensor, and calculate the speed difference ΔV between the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41 when the sleeve 44 is in the neutral position. 实 , satisfying, △V 实 =V1-V2, if satisfied, △V 实 ≤△V 阈 , it means that the speed difference between the first shaft 31 and the second shaft 41 meets the shifting condition, and the sliding sleeve 44 is connected to the first main gear 42 or the second sub-gear 43. If it is not satisfied, the motor 10 is commanded to further adjust its output torque until △V is satisfied. 实 ≤△V 阈 .

[0059] The present application also provides a vehicle including a gear shifting structure.

[0060] Furthermore, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions are possible for those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The shifting structure is characterized by: include: Motor (10); a planetary reduction mechanism (20), wherein an input end of the planetary reduction mechanism (20) is drivingly connected to an output end of the motor (10); A first transmission shaft system (30), the first transmission shaft system (30) comprising a first shaft (31), a first sub-gear (32) and a second main gear (33), the first sub-gear (32) and the second main gear (33) both being fixedly sleeved on the first shaft (31) and spaced apart along the axial direction of the first shaft (31), the first shaft (31) being transmission-connected to the output end of the planetary reduction mechanism (20); A second transmission shaft system (40), the second transmission shaft system (40) comprising a second shaft (41), a first main gear (42), a second sub-gear (43) and a sliding sleeve (44), the first main gear (42) being used for transmission with the engine, the first main gear (42) being meshed with the first sub-gear (32) for transmission, the second sub-gear (43) being meshed with the second main gear (33) for transmission, and either the first main gear (42) or the second sub-gear (43) being capable of being transmission-connected to the second shaft (41) via the sliding sleeve (44); a third shaft (50), the third shaft (50) being coaxially arranged with the second shaft (41), one end of the third shaft (50) being connected to the output end of the engine, and the other end being connected to the first main gear (42) via a spline; The planetary reduction mechanism (20) comprises a ring gear (21), a first sun gear (22), a first planet carrier (23) and a plurality of first planetary gears (24); the output end of the motor (10) is transmission-connected to the first sun gear (22); the ring gear (21) is sleeved outside the first sun gear (22); the first planetary gears (24) are clamped between the first sun gear (22) and the ring gear (21); the first planetary gears (24) are capable of rotating along the circumference of the ring gear (21); one end of the first planetary carrier (23) is connected to the first planetary gear (24), and the other end is transmission-connected to the first shaft (31); The first gear (32) is equipped with a first rotation speed sensor (60) for obtaining the rotation speed of the first shaft (31); When performing a shift-up action, the sliding sleeve (44) is first moved to a neutral position. At this time, the sliding sleeve (44) is not connected to the first main gear (42) and the second sub-gear (43). At this time, there is no power transmission between the second shaft (41) and the engine and the first shaft (31). The first shaft (31) continues to rotate under the drive of the engine, while the second shaft (41) performs a deceleration motion under the action of its own inertia. At this time, the motor (10) starts and outputs a negative torque. After the deceleration torque is increased by the planetary reduction mechanism (20), the first shaft (31) is driven to perform a deceleration motion. At the same time, the second main gear (33) drives the second sub-gear (43) to perform a deceleration motion. Until the rotation speeds of the second sub-gear (43) and the second shaft (41) are close, the sliding sleeve (44) connects the second sub-gear (43) and the second shaft (41), and the second shaft (41) is driven by the second main gear (33) and the second sub-gear (43) and the first shaft (31). When downshifting, the sliding sleeve (44) is first moved to the neutral position, the second shaft (41) performs a deceleration motion, the motor (10) is started and outputs a positive torque, the rotation speed of the first shaft (31) is increased, and the rotation speeds of the first sub-gear (32) and the first main gear (42) are increased, until the rotation speeds of the first main gear (42) and the second shaft (41) are close, the sliding sleeve (44) connects the first main gear (42) and the second shaft (41), and the second shaft (41) is driven by the engine through the first main gear (42).

2. The shift structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planetary reduction mechanism (20) further includes a second sun gear (25), a second planet carrier (26) and a plurality of second planet gears (27). The first sun gear (22) and the second sun gear (25) are spaced apart along the axial direction of the ring gear (21). The ring gear (21) is sleeved outside the second sun gear (25). The second planet gears (27) are clamped between the second sun gear (25) and the ring gear (21) and can rotate along the circumferential direction of the ring gear (21). The other end of the first planet carrier (23) is transmission-connected to the second sun gear (25). One end of the second planet carrier (26) is connected to the second planet gear (27), and the other end is transmission-connected to the first shaft (31).

3. The shift structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the motor (10) is connected to the first sun gear (22) via a spline.

4. The shift structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first planetary gear (24) is sleeved on the first planetary carrier (23) via a ball bearing.

5. The shift structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first main gear (42) is connected to a first coupling tooth (45) via a spline, and the first coupling tooth (45) is used to be connected to the sliding sleeve (44).

6. The shift structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sub-gear (43) is sleeved on the second shaft (41) and is capable of rotating relative to the second shaft (41).

7. A vehicle, characterized in that The invention comprises the shifting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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