A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device

Abstract

The present invention provides a reciprocating compressor packing seal test device, which relates to the field of mechanical engineering. The reciprocating compressor packing seal test device includes a packing seal leakage detection device used between a reciprocating compressor cylinder and a piston rod, wherein the packing seal leakage detection device includes a packing to be tested, a positioning packing flange fixed on both sides of the packing to be tested, a core shaft installed inside the packing to be tested and positioned in the packing flanges on both sides, and a sheath connected to the packing to be tested and used to collect gas; the reciprocating compressor packing seal test device not only detects a predetermined packing seal leakage, but also detects the gas leakage amount of the gas leakage port of the packing to be tested and the nitrogen amount of the nitrogen seal nitrogen filling port, as well as independent nitrogen seal leakage detection quantitative detection, and is particularly suitable for professional reciprocating compressor packing manufacturer factory inspection, professional compressor manufacturer pre-installation inspection, and oil and gas refining and other important fields with higher leakage requirements before replacement inspection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a packing seal testing device for a reciprocating compressor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical engineering, the compressor is an important equipment, and the packing sealing performance of the reciprocating compressor directly affects its working efficiency and reliability. The reciprocating compressor packing sealing test device can detect the leakage of the packing seal in a timely and accurate manner through the design of a specific detection device, providing important technical support for the maintenance and operation of the compressor. In the field of compressor technology, the requirements for sealing performance are very high. The packing seal is one of the commonly used sealing methods in reciprocating compressors, and its leakage problem has always been the research focus in this field. Considering the safety, cost, environmental protection and other factors of oil and gas, refining, nuclear power, special fields, etc., especially large compressor equipment in production and operation, and the leakage of reciprocating compressors mainly occurs in the packing, before the compressor packing is replaced, it is necessary to know whether the leakage of the packing device meets the requirements of on-site operation or standards. The quantitative leakage detection of the reciprocating compressor packing before installation and replacement can determine whether the leakage after installation can meet the requirements of production and operation, and become the key basis for judging whether the compressor packing is qualified before installation. Similarly, before professional packing manufacturers leave the factory and professional compressor manufacturers install the packing, necessary testing is the key to ensuring the quality of the compressor and the safe and efficient operation of the production unit on site.

[0003] The existing reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device fails to have an effective means to detect the overall seal leakage of the compressor packing, resulting in the discovery of packing leakage after the packing is installed on the compressor. The operation of oil and gas in oil and gas, refining, nuclear power, and special fields leads to a large waste of manpower and material resources, and reduces the safety level of production operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device, which not only detects the leakage of a given packing seal, but also detects the leakage amount of the gas leakage port of the tested packing and the nitrogen amount of the nitrogen seal filling port, as well as independent nitrogen seal leakage detection quantitative detection. The device is particularly suitable for factory inspection of professional reciprocating compressor packing manufacturers, pre-installation inspection of professional compressor manufacturers, and pre-replacement inspection with higher leakage requirements in important fields such as oil and gas refining.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a reciprocating compressor packing seal test device, including a packing seal leakage detection device for a reciprocating compressor cylinder and a piston rod, the packing seal leakage detection device including a packing to be tested, a positioning packing flange fixed on both sides of the packing to be tested, a core shaft installed inside the packing to be tested and positioned in the packing flanges on both sides, a sheath connected to the packing to be tested and used to collect gas, and studs and nuts for fastening the entire packing seal leakage detection device, the positioning packing flange, the packing to be tested and the sheath are all matched through the core shaft, a high-pressure gas channel and a low-pressure gas channel are respectively provided in the middle of the two positioning packing flanges, one side of which is used to receive a high-pressure test gas source, and the other side is used to collect the gas of the packing to be tested, a gas channel B is provided between the packing flange positioned near the end receiving the high-pressure test gas source and the core shaft, a narrow channel connected to the gas channel B is formed between the packing to be tested and the core shaft, a packing ring group is installed between the narrow channel and the packing to be tested, and the packing ring group includes a throttling ring, Three sealing rings A, three sealing rings B and two nitrogen sealing rings, a pressure reduction zone is formed between the sheath and the core shaft, an air pressure detection module is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sheath, a constant pressure exhaust assembly is fixedly installed on the inner side of the low pressure gas channel, the constant pressure exhaust assembly includes a constant pressure exhaust housing, a control blade, a drive ring and an elastic wrapping layer, the outer end surface of the constant pressure exhaust housing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the low pressure gas channel, a plurality of control blades are rotatably connected to the inner side of the constant pressure exhaust housing, teeth are arranged on the outer side of one end of the control blade, a drive ring is rotatably connected to the inner side of one end of the constant pressure exhaust housing, teeth are arranged on the inner wall of the drive ring, the outer side of one end of the control blade is meshed with the drive ring through the teeth, a plurality of control blades contact each other to form a circular hole, an elastic wrapping layer is fixedly connected to one end of the constant pressure exhaust housing to seal the control blade on the inner side of the constant pressure exhaust housing, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade is changed according to the change of air pressure in the pressure reduction zone, so as to realize the constant gas discharge amount of the air in the pressure reduction zone passing through the constant pressure exhaust assembly, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0006]

[0007] In the formula, the diameter of the circular hole surrounded by the control blades in the initial state is , the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone and the pressure through the constant pressure exhaust component is ; After the pressure changes, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade is , the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone and the pressure through the constant pressure exhaust component is .

[0008] Preferably, a metal sealing gasket is installed between the packing to be tested and the packing flange into which the high-pressure gas is introduced.

[0009] Preferably, O-rings are installed between the measured fillers and the filler flanges adjacent thereto on both sides of the sheath.

[0010] Preferably, the gas discharged from the low-pressure gas channel is metered by an external metering device.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure level of the positioning flanges on both sides of the measured packing is higher than or equal to the pressure level of the measured compressor packing, and the pressure level of the high-pressure gas channel is higher than or equal to the pressure level of the measured packing.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the high-pressure gas channel is connected to a high-pressure test gas source end, and one end of the low-pressure gas channel is connected to a low-pressure leakage outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the lengths of the tested filler and the sheath cover the radial and axial test spaces of the tested filler.

[0014] Preferably, the packing seal leakage detection device is fixed by a pre-tightening force method of elastic deformation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The reciprocating compressor packing seal test device has a simple and compact structure, is easy to process and obtain, is convenient to install, and has a reliability equivalent to or higher than that installed in the compressor. It has low installation requirements, reduces a lot of manpower and material resources, and reduces the safety level of production operations. It covers all sizes of packing seal detection of reciprocating compressors, and not only detects the leakage of the established packing seal, but also detects the leakage amount of the gas leakage port of the tested packing and the nitrogen amount of the nitrogen seal filling port, as well as independent nitrogen seal leakage detection quantitative detection. It is particularly suitable for factory inspection of professional reciprocating compressor packing manufacturers, pre-installation inspection of professional compressor manufacturers, and pre-replacement inspection with higher leakage requirements in important fields such as oil and gas refining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a packing seal leakage detection device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a left sectional view of the constant pressure exhaust assembly structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the constant pressure exhaust assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the end of the radial interface packing of the packing seal leakage detection device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the end of the axial interface packing of the packing seal leakage detection device of the present invention.

[0023] Among them: 1. tested packing; 2. positioning packing flange; 3. core shaft; 4. sleeve; 5. stud; 6. nut; 7. high-pressure gas channel; 8. low-pressure gas channel; 9. gas channel B; 10. throttle ring; 11. sealing ring A; 12. sealing ring B; 13. nitrogen sealing ring; 14. depressurization area; 15. air pressure detection module; 16. constant pressure exhaust assembly; 161. constant pressure exhaust shell; 162. control blade; 163. drive ring; 164. drive gear; 165. drive motor; 166. elastic wrapping layer; 17. nitrogen pipe; 18. nitrogen discharge pipe; 19. water inlet pipe; 20. drain pipe; 21. metal sealing gasket; 22. O-ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 6As shown, a reciprocating compressor packing seal test device includes a packing seal leakage detection device used between a cylinder and a piston rod of a reciprocating compressor, the packing seal leakage detection device is fixed by a pre-tightening force method of elastic deformation, the packing seal leakage detection device includes a packing to be tested 1, a positioning packing flange 2 fixed on both sides of the packing to be tested 1, a core shaft 3 installed inside the packing to be tested 1 and positioned in the packing flanges on both sides, a sheath 4 connected to the packing to be tested 1 and used for collecting gas, and a stud 5 and a nut 6 for fastening the entire packing seal leakage detection device, O-rings 22 are installed between the packing to be tested 1 and the packing flanges close to it on both sides of the sheath 4 to improve the sealing between the sheath 4 and the packing to be tested 1 and the packing flanges, and the packing to be tested A metal sealing gasket 21 is installed between the packing 1 and the packing flange into which the high-pressure gas is introduced to improve the sealing between the packing 1 to be tested and the packing flange into which the high-pressure gas is introduced. The length of the packing 1 to be tested and the sleeve 4 covers the radial and axial test space of the packing 1 to be tested. The positioning packing flange 2, the packing 1 to be tested and the sleeve 4 are all matched through the core shaft 3. A high-pressure gas channel 7 and a low-pressure gas channel 8 are respectively opened in the middle of the two positioning packing flanges 2, one side of which is used to receive the high-pressure test gas source, and the other side is used to collect the gas of the packing 1 to be tested. The gas discharged from the low-pressure gas channel 8 is measured by an external metering device. The pressure level of the positioning flanges on both sides of the packing 1 to be tested is higher than or equal to the pressure level of the compressor packing to be tested. The high-pressure gas channel 7 The pressure level of the tested packing 1 is higher than or equal to the pressure level of the tested packing 1, the core shaft 3 can adapt to various connection sizes of the tested packing 1, and a gas channel B9 is provided between the packing flange positioned near the receiving end of the high-pressure test gas source and the core shaft 3. One end of the high-pressure gas channel 7 is connected to the high-pressure test gas source end, and one end of the low-pressure gas channel 8 is connected to the low-pressure leakage outlet. The gas channel B9 diverts the high-pressure gas to the tested packing 1, and the core shaft 3 in the positioning packing flange 2 collects the leaked gas on the low-pressure leakage side. The internal sealing ring group of the tested packing 1 forms a standard match, and a narrow channel connected to the gas channel B9 is formed between the tested packing 1 and the core shaft 3. A packing ring group is installed between the narrow channel and the tested packing 1, and the packing ring group includes a throttling ring 10, three sealing rings arranged in sequence, and a sealing ring group is provided between the core shaft 3 and the packing 1. A sealing ring A11, three sealing rings B12 and two nitrogen sealing rings 13, a depressurization zone 14 is formed between the sheath 4 and the core shaft 3, the gas collected by the sheath 4 is transported to the low-pressure gas channel 8 through the depressurization zone 14 and discharged, the inner wall surface of the sheath 4 is fixedly connected with a pressure detection module 15, and a constant-pressure exhaust component 16 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the low-pressure gas channel 8, the constant-pressure exhaust component 16 includes a constant-pressure exhaust shell 161, a control blade 162, a driving ring 163 and an elastic wrapping layer 166, the outer end surface of the constant-pressure exhaust shell 161 is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the low-pressure gas channel 8, and a plurality of control blades 162 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the constant-pressure exhaust shell 161, and teeth are arranged on the outer side of one end of the control blade 162,The inner side of one end of the constant-pressure exhaust housing 161 is rotatably connected with a driving ring 163, and the inner wall surface of the driving ring 163 is provided with teeth. The outer side of one end of the control blade 162 is meshed with the driving ring 163 through the teeth. A plurality of control blades 162 contact each other to form a circular hole. An elastic wrapping layer 166 is fixedly connected to one end of the constant-pressure exhaust housing 161 to seal the control blade 162 to the inner side of the constant-pressure exhaust housing 161. The diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 is changed according to the change of the air pressure in the depressurization zone 14, so as to achieve a constant gas discharge amount of the air in the depressurization zone 14 passing through the constant-pressure exhaust component 16. The calculation method is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 in the initial state is The pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone 14 and the pressure passing through the constant pressure exhaust assembly 16 is After the pressure changes, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 is The pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone 14 and the pressure passing through the constant pressure exhaust component 16 is .

[0027] Assume that the pressure in the pressure reduction zone 14 is P, and the area of ​​the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 is , where r is the radius, d is the diameter, and the amount of gas discharged per unit time is Q. According to the Bernoulli equation and flow formula in fluid mechanics, it can be approximately considered that the gas Q discharged through the circular hole surrounded by the control blade 162 per unit time is equal to the area A and pressure difference of the circular hole surrounded by the control blade 162 is proportional to the square root of It should be noted that Here, it can be considered as the difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization area 14 and the gas pressure after passing through the constant pressure exhaust component 16 (hereinafter referred to as the external pressure). Assuming that the external pressure is constant, when the gas pressure in the depressurization area 14 decreases, the pressure difference It is also decreasing. To make the amount of gas discharged per unit time Q constant, then:

[0028]

[0029] Where k is a proportional constant, and the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 in the initial state is The pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone 14 and the pressure after passing through the constant pressure exhaust component 16 is , the amount of gas discharged per unit time is ,Right now:

[0030]

[0031] After the pressure changes, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 is The pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone 14 and the pressure after passing through the constant pressure exhaust component 16 is , the amount of gas discharged per unit time is ,Right now:

[0032]

[0033] In order to ensure that the amount of gas discharged per unit time is constant, :

[0034]

[0035] Simplified to:

[0036]

[0037] Finally, the relationship between the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 is derived as follows:

[0038]

[0039] The pressure change in the depressurization area 14 is detected by the air pressure detection module 15. At the same time, the amount of gas discharged through the circular hole formed by the control blade 162 is guaranteed to be constant. Nitrogen is filled into the packing seal leakage detection device through the nitrogen pipe 17 to establish a certain pressure environment. By monitoring the pressure change, the performance of the packing seal can be intuitively judged. If the seal is good, the pressure will remain relatively stable. If there is a leak, the pressure will gradually decrease, so that the location and degree of the leak can be accurately determined. The nitrogen is discharged through the nitrogen discharge pipe 18. The nitrogen pipe 17 is connected to an external flow test instrument to complete quantitative detection. Water is injected into the packing seal leakage detection device through the water inlet pipe 19 to simulate humid working conditions. The sealing performance of the tested packing 1 seal in the presence of water is tested to ensure that it will not leak due to contact with water in actual use, and the water is discharged through the drain pipe 20.

[0040] When in use, high-pressure gas is injected through the high-pressure gas channel 7. The high-pressure gas passes through the sealing end faces of each level inside the pressure-tested packing, the packing ring groups of each level inside the corresponding packing, the radial direction of the core shaft 3, the narrow channel, the sheath 4 and the low-pressure gas channel 8 in sequence. The gas passes through the packing ring group again. The leaked gas passes through the throttling ring 10, three sealing rings A11, three sealing rings B12 and two nitrogen sealing rings 13 in sequence to detect the sealing performance. Nitrogen is filled into the packing seal leakage detection device through the nitrogen pipe 17 to establish a certain pressure environment. By monitoring the pressure changes, the performance of the packing seal can be intuitively judged. If the seal is good, the pressure will remain relatively stable. For stability, if there is a leakage, the pressure will gradually drop, so that the location and degree of the leakage can be accurately determined, and the nitrogen is discharged through the nitrogen discharge pipe 18. The nitrogen filling pipe is connected to the external flow test instrument to complete quantitative detection, and water is injected into the packing seal leakage detection device through the water inlet pipe 19 to simulate humid working conditions. The sealing performance of the tested packing 1 seal in the presence of water is tested to ensure that it will not leak due to contact with water in actual use, and the water is discharged through the drain pipe 20; then, when the gas enters the depressurization area 14 between the sheath 4 and the core shaft 3, the airflow will be reduced when the gas enters the large channel from the small channel, thereby achieving the purpose of pressure reduction.

[0041] A driving motor 165 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the constant-pressure exhaust shell 161, and a driving gear 164 is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the driving motor 165. The outer end surface of one side of the driving ring 163 is provided with teeth meshing with the driving gear 164. Therefore, when it is necessary to change the diameter of the circular hole surrounded by the control blades 162, the driving motor 165 drives the driving gear 164 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving gear 164 will drive the driving ring 163 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving ring 163 will drive the control blades 162 to rotate. The rotation of the control blades 162 can change the diameter of the circular hole surrounded by them. Through the provision of the elastic wrapping layer 166, the elastic wrapping layer 166 can be deformed following the rotation of the control blades 162, thereby preventing gas from entering the constant-pressure exhaust shell 161 and the inner side of the elastic wrapping layer 166.

[0042] By setting up the constant pressure exhaust component 16, no matter how high the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone 14 is, the amount of gas discharged from the low-pressure gas channel 8 can be kept constant at the same time. This is conducive to using different devices to more accurately detect the amount of gas discharged from the low-pressure gas channel 8, because some gas quantity detection devices will reduce the accuracy due to changes in gas flow rate, such as thermal gas mass flowmeters, vortex flowmeters or orifice flowmeters.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reciprocating compressor packing seal test device, comprising a packing seal leakage detection device for use between a cylinder and a piston rod of a reciprocating compressor, the packing seal leakage detection device comprising a packing to be tested (1), a positioning packing flange (2) fixed to both sides of the packing to be tested (1), a core shaft (3) installed inside the packing to be tested (1) and positioned in the packing flanges on both sides, a sheath (4) connected to the packing to be tested (1) and used for collecting gas, and a stud (5) and a nut (6) for fastening the entire packing seal leakage detection device, characterized in that: The positioning packing flange (2), the packing to be tested (1) and the sleeve (4) are all matched through the core shaft (3). The middle parts of the two positioning packing flanges (2) are respectively provided with a high-pressure gas channel (7) and a low-pressure gas channel (8). The pressure level of the positioning flanges on both sides of the packing to be tested (1) is higher than or equal to the pressure level of the compressor packing to be tested. The pressure level of the high-pressure gas channel (7) is higher than or equal to the pressure level of the packing to be tested (1). One side is used to receive a high-pressure test gas source, and the other side is used to collect gas from the packing to be tested (1). The packing method is positioned close to the end receiving the high-pressure test gas source. A gas channel B (9) is provided between the flange and the core shaft (3); a narrow channel connected to the gas channel B (9) is formed between the tested filler (1) and the core shaft (3); a packing ring group is installed between the narrow channel and the tested filler (1); the packing ring group includes a throttling ring (10), three sealing rings A (11), three sealing rings B (12) and two nitrogen sealing rings (13) arranged in sequence; a pressure reduction zone (14) is formed between the jacket (4) and the core shaft (3); a gas pressure detection module (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the jacket (4); and a constant pressure exhaust is fixedly installed on the inner side of the low-pressure gas channel (8). The constant-pressure exhaust component (16) comprises a constant-pressure exhaust housing (161), a control blade (162), a drive ring (163) and an elastic wrapping layer (166), the outer end surface of the constant-pressure exhaust housing (161) being fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the low-pressure gas passage (8), the inner side of the constant-pressure exhaust housing (161) being rotatably connected to a plurality of control blades (162), the outer side of one end of the control blade (162) being provided with teeth, the inner side of one end of the constant-pressure exhaust housing (161) being rotatably connected to the drive ring (163), the drive ring (163) being The inner wall surface is provided with teeth, and the outer side of one end of the control blade (162) is meshed with the driving ring (163) through the teeth. A plurality of control blades (162) contact each other to form a circular hole. One end of the constant pressure exhaust housing (161) is fixedly connected to an elastic wrapping layer (166) that seals the control blade (162) inside the constant pressure exhaust housing (161). The diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade (162) is changed according to the change of the air pressure in the depressurization area (14), so that the gas discharge amount of the air in the depressurization area (14) passing through the constant pressure exhaust assembly (16) is constant. The calculation method is as follows: In the formula, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade (162) in the initial state is , the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone (14) and the pressure passing through the constant pressure exhaust component (16) is ; After the pressure changes, the diameter of the circular hole formed by the control blade (162) is , the pressure difference between the gas pressure inside the depressurization zone (14) and the pressure passing through the constant pressure exhaust component (16) is .

2. A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal sealing gasket (21) is installed between the packing (1) to be tested and the packing flange into which the high-pressure gas is introduced.

3. A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: O-rings (22) are installed between the tested packing (1) and the packing flanges adjacent thereto on both sides of the sleeve (4).

4. A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas discharged from the low-pressure gas passage (8) is metered by an external metering device.

5. A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the high-pressure gas channel (7) is connected to a high-pressure test gas source end, and one end of the low-pressure gas channel (8) is connected to a low-pressure leakage outlet.

6. A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lengths of the tested filler (1) and the sleeve (4) cover the radial and axial test spaces of the tested filler (1).

7. A reciprocating compressor packing seal testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing seal leakage detection device is fixed by a pre-tightening force method of elastic deformation.

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