An accurate electric drive combined seeding and fertilizing assembly

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly, which includes an assembly mounting bracket, a seeder, and a fertilizer broadcaster; the seeder includes a seeding disc housing, a rotary seed suction mechanism, a positive-pressure seed blowing mechanism, a seed quantity adjustment mechanism, and a seed discharging mechanism; the fertilizer broadcaster includes a fertilizer broadcasting disc housing, a rotary driving mechanism, a fertilizer scraping and ejecting mechanism, and a spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism. The precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly can adjust the seeding quantity per hole by using the seed quantity adjustment mechanism, so as to meet the seeding requirements in different scenarios, has good flexibility, and can achieve rapid adjustment without cumbersome disassembly and replacement, saving time and effort; the fertilizer scraping and ejecting mechanism can relatively concentrate the scraped fertilizer per hole and then eject it into the fertilizer discharging pipe, so that the fertilizer per hole is discharged relatively concentrated, ensuring that the fertilizer per hole is relatively concentrated and ensuring the fertilization effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a component of a seeding device, in particular to a precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the process of maize seeding, in order to improve the seeding efficiency, the existing method is to use a combined seeding and fertilizing machine to achieve the synchronous seeding and fertilizing, thereby effectively improving the seeding efficiency. However, when the existing combined seeding and fertilizing machine is seeding and fertilizing, the single-hole seeding amount of the seed metering disc of the seeding mechanism cannot be adjusted, and the fertilizing mechanism uses a dial-type fertilizing method during fertilization, resulting in relatively scattered fertilizer per hole, which is not conducive to giving full play to the role of the fertilizer. Therefore, it is necessary to design a precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly that can adjust the seeding amount per hole and make the fertilization relatively concentrated. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the invention is to provide a precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly that can adjust the seeding amount per hole and make the fertilization relatively concentrated.

[0004] Technical Solution: The precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly described in the present invention includes an assembly mounting bracket, a seeder, and a fertilizer broadcaster; the seeder includes a seeding disc housing, a rotary seed suction mechanism, a positive pressure seed blowing mechanism, a seed amount adjustment mechanism, and a seed discharging mechanism; the fertilizer broadcaster includes a fertilizer broadcasting disc housing, a rotary drive mechanism, a fertilizer picking and ejecting mechanism, and a spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism; the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing is fixedly installed on the assembly mounting bracket; the seeding disc housing is slidably installed on the assembly mounting bracket, and the distance between the seeding disc housing and the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing is adjusted by a spacing adjustment mechanism; the seed discharging mechanism is installed on the seeding disc housing and is used for receiving and discharging seeds; the rotary seed suction mechanism is installed on the seeding disc housing and is used for sucking seeds and moving them to the seed discharging mechanism; the positive pressure seed blowing mechanism is used for blowing the seeds sucked by the rotary seed suction mechanism into the seed discharging mechanism; the seed amount adjustment mechanism is installed on the seeding disc housing and is used for adjusting the amount of seeds sucked by the rotary seed suction mechanism; the spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism is installed below the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing and is used for conveying fertilizer into the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing; a fertilizer discharging pipe is communicatively provided on the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing; the rotary drive mechanism is installed on the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing, and the fertilizer picking and ejecting mechanism is installed on the rotary drive mechanism. The fertilizer picking and ejecting mechanism is driven by the rotary drive mechanism to rotate, and the fertilizer picking and ejecting mechanism scrapes fertilizer from the spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism and ejects it into the fertilizer discharging pipe.

[0005] Furthermore, the rotary seed suction mechanism includes a negative pressure seed suction tube shaft, a negative pressure rotary cylinder, a rotation control unit, a buffer disc housing, and each adsorption tube; one end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft is fixedly connected and centered on one side surface of the buffer disc housing, and the buffer disc housing is located inside the sowing disc housing. Each adsorption tube is respectively and vertically fixedly connected to the edge of the other side surface of the buffer disc housing; the other end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft is closed and rotatably installed through one disc surface of the sowing disc housing; the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft rotatably penetrates the negative pressure rotary cylinder, and the penetration position is rotationally sealed; a negative pressure connection tube for connecting to a negative pressure air source is communicated and arranged on the cylinder wall of the negative pressure rotary cylinder; each negative pressure communication hole is arranged on the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft and inside the negative pressure rotary cylinder; the rotation control unit is installed on the sowing disc housing and is used to drive the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft to rotate; four seed suction holes are arranged at intervals along the axis of the adsorption tube wall, and a limiting depression is arranged around the outer orifice of each of the four seed suction holes; the central axis of the seed suction hole is perpendicular to and intersects the central axis of the corresponding adsorption tube, and is parallel to the rotation tangent direction of the corresponding adsorption tube.

[0006] Furthermore, the positive pressure seed blowing mechanism includes a seed blowing connection tube, a seed blowing cover housing, and a cross-shaped bracket; one end of the seed blowing connection tube is rotatably installed through the closed end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft and fixed to the negative pressure rotary cylinder through the cross-shaped bracket for connecting to a positive pressure air source; the other end of the seed blowing connection tube is bent upward and extends into the buffer disc housing. The seed blowing cover housing is communicated with the inner end of the seed blowing connection tube, and a friction sealing ring is arranged at the cover opening of the seed blowing cover housing, and the friction sealing ring is close to the inner wall at the adsorption tube communication hole on the buffer disc housing.

[0007] Furthermore, the seed amount adjusting mechanism includes a position adjusting unit, a support ring, an annular housing, and each blocking rod; the annular housing is axially slidably installed inside the sowing disc housing, and a limiting annular groove is arranged on the inner ring hole surface of the annular housing; the position adjusting unit is installed on the sowing disc housing and is used to adjust the sliding position of the annular housing; the support ring is rotatably installed in the limiting annular groove; each blocking rod is vertically fixed on the side surface of the support ring, and the end parts of each blocking rod are respectively inserted into the corresponding adsorption tubes to block the seed suction holes at the corresponding depth positions.

[0008] Further, the seed discharging mechanism includes a seed collecting cover, a cantilever support rod, a seed discharging pipe, a counterweight, and an arc-shaped baffle; one end of the cantilever support rod is fixed on the seed collecting cover, and the other end is fixed on the sowing disc housing through a support ring and the central ring hole of the annular housing; the upper end of the counterweight is swingably mounted on the side of the upper opening of the seed collecting cover through a swing shaft, and the swing shaft is parallel to the central axis of the suction pipe; the lower side of the arc-shaped baffle is fixed on the upper end of the counterweight and is used to block the seeds blown at the seed suction hole and drop them into the seed collecting cover; one end of the seed discharging pipe is communicated with the bottom of the seed collecting cover, and the other end obliquely passes through the support ring and the central ring hole of the annular housing and then penetrates out of the sowing disc housing.

[0009] Further, a circular convex shell is provided on the inner wall of the sowing disc housing and near the central ring hole of the annular housing, a conical folding cover is provided in the circular convex shell, and the conical top of the conical folding cover is fixed in the circular convex shell, and the conical bottom edge of the conical folding cover is fixed on the edge of the central ring hole of the annular housing.

[0010] Further, the rotation driving mechanism includes a fertilizer feeding driving motor, a central main shaft, and four branch mounting square pipes; the spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism includes a spiral driving motor, a spiral conveyor, and a fertilizer tank connecting pipe; the central main shaft is rotatably mounted at the central axis of the fertilizer spreading disc housing, and the fertilizer feeding driving motor is used to drive the central main shaft to rotate; the four branch mounting square pipes are fixedly mounted on the central main shaft in a cross shape, and the fertilizer fetching and bullet feeding mechanism is mounted on the four branch mounting square pipes; a fertilizer inlet is provided at the lower part of the fertilizer spreading disc housing, the outlet of the spiral conveyor is butt-mounted at the fertilizer inlet, and the spiral driving motor is used to drive the spiral conveyor; an inlet connecting pipe is communicated at the inlet of the spiral conveyor; one end of the fertilizer tank connecting pipe is connected to the inlet connecting pipe, and the other end is used to be connected to the fertilizer storage tank.

[0011] Further, the fertilizer feeding and ejecting mechanism includes four feeding units, and each feeding unit includes a supporting compression spring and a fertilizer feeding hopper. The supporting compression springs of the four feeding units are respectively fixedly installed in four branch mounting square tubes. One ends of the fertilizer feeding hoppers of the four feeding units are respectively slidably installed in the four branch mounting square tubes and are elastically supported on the supporting compression springs. The other ends of the fertilizer feeding hoppers are surrounded by three side plates to form a U-shaped fertilizer shovel for shoveling the fertilizer conveyed at the fertilizer inlet outside the branch mounting square tubes. Circular grooves are provided on the inner walls of the two side discs of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc. The corresponding outer walls of the branch mounting square tubes are embedded in the circular grooves. The corresponding outer walls of the U-shaped fertilizer shovels of the fertilizer feeding hoppers are close to the inner walls of the two side discs of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc. A fertilizer discharging port is provided on the side edge of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc, and when the branch mounting square tube rotates to the fertilizer discharging port, it is in a horizontal state. The upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe is connected to the fertilizer discharging port. A lifting platform is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc and above the fertilizer discharging port, and the lifting surface of the lifting platform gradually rises from the top of the inner circumferential wall of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc to the fertilizer discharging port to reach the maximum height.

[0012] Further, the end face of the lifting platform at the fertilizer discharging port is a horizontal plane. An arc chamfer is provided at the edge of the end of the U-shaped fertilizer shovel of the fertilizer feeding hopper to cooperate with the lifting surface of the lifting platform, and the edge of the side plate of the U-shaped fertilizer shovel that is close to the inner walls of the two side discs of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc is set as a fertilizer shoveling slope surface.

[0013] Further, an arc-shaped lifting slope surface is provided on the inner wall of the hopper side plate of the fertilizer feeding hopper that is not used to surround the U-shaped fertilizer shovel, and the arc-shaped lifting slope surface gradually rises from the inner end to the outer end of the fertilizer feeding hopper.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The seeding amount adjusting mechanism can adjust the seeding quantity per hole, so as to meet the seeding requirements in different scenarios, with good flexibility, and can achieve rapid adjustment without cumbersome disassembly and replacement, saving time and effort; The fertilizer feeding and ejecting mechanism can relatively concentrate the scraped fertilizer per hole and then eject it into the fertilizer discharging pipe, so that the fertilizer per hole is discharged relatively concentrated, ensuring that the fertilizer per hole is relatively concentrated and ensuring the fertilization effect; The positive pressure seed blowing mechanism can blow the seeds sucked by the rotary seed sucking mechanism into the seed discharging mechanism, which can ensure the rapid separation of the seeds and reduce the possibility of blockage of the seed sucking holes; The spacing adjusting mechanism can adjust the spacing between the outer shell of the seeding disc and the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc, so as to adjust the ground spacing of fertilizer discharging and seeding, thus meeting the on-site requirements for simultaneous seeding and fertilization adjustment. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the seeder structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer broadcaster of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic end face structural diagram of the seeder of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the fertilizer broadcaster of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the operating state of the fertilizer broadcaster of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the elastic conveying unit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic front view structural diagram of the elastic conveying unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the seeder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 Schematic sectional structural diagram of the seeder after adjustment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the seed quantity adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 12 Schematic partial structural diagram of the seed discharging mechanism of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] As Figures 1-12As shown in the figure, the precise electric-driven combined seeding and fertilizing assembly disclosed by the present invention includes: an assembly mounting bracket, a seeder, and a fertilizer broadcaster; the seeder includes a seeding disc housing 22, a rotary seed suction mechanism, a positive-pressure seed blowing mechanism, a seed quantity adjustment mechanism, and a seed discharging mechanism; the fertilizer broadcaster includes a fertilizer spreading disc housing 1, a rotary drive mechanism, a fertilizer fetching and bullet-sending mechanism, and a spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism; the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1 is fixedly installed on the assembly mounting bracket; the seeding disc housing 22 is slidably installed on the assembly mounting bracket, and the distance between the seeding disc housing 22 and the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1 is adjusted by a distance adjustment mechanism; the seed discharging mechanism is installed on the seeding disc housing 22 and is used for receiving and discharging seeds; the rotary seed suction mechanism is installed on the seeding disc housing 22 and is used for sucking seeds and moving them to the seed discharging mechanism; the positive-pressure seed blowing mechanism is used for blowing the seeds sucked by the rotary seed suction mechanism into the seed discharging mechanism; the seed quantity adjustment mechanism is installed on the seeding disc housing 22 and is used for adjusting the quantity of seeds sucked by the rotary seed suction mechanism; the spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism is installed under the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1 and is used for conveying fertilizers into the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1; a fertilizer discharging pipe 4 is communicated and arranged on the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1; the rotary drive mechanism is installed on the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1, and the fertilizer fetching and bullet-sending mechanism is installed on the rotary drive mechanism. The fertilizer fetching and bullet-sending mechanism is driven by the rotary drive mechanism to rotate, and the fertilizer fetching and bullet-sending mechanism scrapes fertilizers from the spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism and bullets them into the fertilizer discharging pipe 4.

[0030] The seed quantity adjustment mechanism can be used to adjust the seeding quantity per hole, so as to meet the seeding requirements in different scenarios, with good flexibility, and rapid adjustment can be achieved without relatively cumbersome disassembly and replacement, saving time and effort; the fertilizer fetching and bullet-sending mechanism can relatively concentrate the fertilizers scraped per hole and then bullet them into the fertilizer discharging pipe 4, so that the fertilizers per hole are discharged relatively concentratedly, ensuring that the fertilizers per hole are relatively concentrated and ensuring the fertilization effect; the positive-pressure seed blowing mechanism can blow the seeds sucked by the rotary seed suction mechanism into the seed discharging mechanism, which can ensure the rapid separation of seeds and reduce the possibility of blockage of the seed suction holes 44; the distance adjustment mechanism can adjust the distance between the seeding disc housing 22 and the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1, so as to adjust the ground distance between fertilizer discharging and seeding, thus meeting the on-site adjustment needs of combined seeding and fertilizing.

[0031] Further, a seed conveying pipe 25 is connected and arranged on the bottom side edge of the seeding disc housing 22 and is used for connecting with a seed storage box, so as to continuously convey the seeds to be sown to the bottom of the seeding disc housing 22.

[0032] Further, the assembly mounting bracket includes an upper rectangular frame 60 and a lower rectangular frame 59; the spacing adjustment mechanism includes a spacing adjustment bolt 63 and a locking nut 64; the upper and lower parts of the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing 1 are respectively fixed on the upper rectangular frame 60 and the lower rectangular frame 59; adjustment support sliders 61 are slidably mounted on the opposite side surfaces of the upper rectangular frame 60 and the lower rectangular frame 59; the upper and lower parts of the seeding disc housing 22 are respectively fixed on the corresponding upper and lower adjustment support sliders 61; an adjustment drive seat 62 is arranged at the lower part of the seeding disc housing 22, the screw rod of the spacing adjustment bolt 63 is threadedly screwed through and mounted on the lower rectangular frame 59, and the end of the screw rod is rotatably mounted on the adjustment drive seat 62; the locking nut 64 is threadedly screwed on the screw rod of the spacing adjustment bolt 63 and presses on the lower rectangular frame 59. The use of the upper rectangular frame 60 and the lower rectangular frame 59 for installation can ensure the stability of the installation of the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing 1 and the seeding disc housing 22; the use of the locking nut 64 can lock the spacing adjustment bolt 63, thereby ensuring the stability after the spacing adjustment.

[0033] Furthermore, the rotary seed suction mechanism includes a negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36, a negative pressure rotary cylinder 29, a rotation control unit, a buffer disc housing 40, and each adsorption tube 43; one end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the center of one side surface of the buffer disc housing 40, and the buffer disc housing 40 is located inside the sowing disc housing 22. Each adsorption tube 43 is respectively and vertically fixedly connected to the edge of the other side surface of the buffer disc housing 40; the other end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36 is closed and rotatably installed through one disc surface of the sowing disc housing 22; the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36 rotatably penetrates through the negative pressure rotary cylinder 29, and the penetration position is rotationally sealed; a negative pressure connection pipe 30 for communicating with a negative pressure air source is communicated and arranged on the barrel wall of the negative pressure rotary cylinder 29; each negative pressure communication hole 37 is arranged on the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36 and inside the negative pressure rotary cylinder 29; the rotation control unit is installed on the sowing disc housing 22 and is used to drive the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36 to rotate; four seed suction holes 44 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the tube wall of the adsorption tube 43, and a limiting depression 45 is arranged around the outer hole openings of the four seed suction holes 44; the central axis of the seed suction hole 44 is vertically intersected with the central axis of the corresponding adsorption tube 43 and is parallel to the rotation tangent direction of the corresponding adsorption tube 43. By using each adsorption tube 43 fixed on the buffer disc housing 40 for rotary seed suction, on the one hand, it can cooperate with the seed quantity adjusting mechanism to realize the adjustment of the seed quantity. On the other hand, by setting the seed suction holes 44 to be parallel to the rotation tangent direction, that is, on the front side tube wall in the rotation direction, the seeds are pushed forward, which is more conducive to realizing reliable seed suction, and the adsorbed seeds are not easily detached. Moreover, by rotating each adsorption tube 43 to stir the seeds in a large range, a large number of seeds can move together with the adsorption tube 43, which is more likely to promote the seeds to be sucked; the limiting depression 45 can further enhance the stability of the adsorbed seeds; the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36, the buffer disc housing 40, the negative pressure rotary cylinder 29, and the negative pressure connection pipe 30 can provide balanced negative pressure for each adsorption tube 43, so as to ensure the balanced suction force of each seed suction hole 44 and not affect the rotary drive of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36 on the buffer disc housing 40.

[0034] Furthermore, the rotation control unit includes a sowing drive motor 27, a sowing drive gear 39, and a sowing driven gear 38; the sowing driven gear 38 is fixedly installed on the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft 36. A gear cover housing 26 covering the sowing driven gear 38 is arranged on one disc surface of the sowing disc housing 22; the sowing drive gear 39 is rotatably installed in the gear cover housing 26 and meshes with the sowing driven gear 38; the sowing drive motor 27 is installed on the gear cover housing 26 and is used to drive the sowing drive gear 39 to rotate. The gear cover housing 26 can play a role in safety protection for the meshing gears.

[0035] Further, the positive-pressure seed blowing mechanism includes a seed blowing connection pipe 31, a seed blowing housing 41, and a cross-shaped bracket 28. One end of the seed blowing connection pipe 31 is rotatably installed through the closed end of the negative-pressure seed suction pipe shaft 36 and fixed to the negative-pressure rotating cylinder 29 through the cross-shaped bracket 28 for connection to a positive-pressure air source. The other end of the seed blowing connection pipe 31 is bent upward and extends into the buffer disc housing 40. The seed blowing housing 41 is connected to the inner end of the seed blowing connection pipe 31, and a friction sealing ring 42 is provided at the mouth of the seed blowing housing 41, and the friction sealing ring 42 is close to the inner wall at the communication hole of the suction pipe 43 on the buffer disc housing 40. The seed blowing housing 41 can blow positive pressure air at a fixed position on the moving and positioned suction pipe 43, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 44 on the suction pipe 43 are blown into the seed collection cover 53 of the seed discharging mechanism. The friction sealing ring 42 can closely adhere to the inner wall of the buffer disc housing 40. On the one hand, it reduces the leakage of positive-pressure air and affects the negative-pressure state in the buffer disc housing 40. On the other hand, it can play an edge sealing role when the seed blowing housing 41 is docked with the suction pipe 43 to ensure the positive-pressure state in the suction pipe 43.

[0036] Further, the seed amount adjusting mechanism includes a position adjusting unit, a support ring 48, an annular housing 46, and each plugging rod 51. The annular housing 46 is axially slidably installed in the sowing disc housing 22, and a limiting ring groove 47 is provided on the inner annular hole surface of the annular housing 46. The position adjusting unit is installed on the sowing disc housing 22 for adjusting the sliding position of the annular housing 46. The support ring 48 is rotatably installed in the limiting ring groove 47. Each plugging rod 51 is vertically fixed on the side surface of the support ring 48, and the end parts of each plugging rod 51 are respectively inserted into the corresponding suction pipes 43 to plug the seed suction holes 44 at the corresponding depth positions. By inserting each plugging rod 51 into the corresponding suction pipe 43, the plugging state of each seed suction hole 44 is adjusted by the insertion depth, so as to realize the adjustment of the number of seed suction holes 44 with negative-pressure connection on each suction pipe 43. The limiting ring groove 47 on the annular housing 46 can realize the rotational support installation of the support ring 48, so that the support ring 48 can rotate together with the buffer disc housing 40. The position adjusting unit can adjust and position the position of the annular housing 46, so as to adjust and position the insertion depth of the plugging rod 51. The annular structures of the support ring 48 and the annular housing 46 can realize the installation of the cantilever support rod 58 and the seed discharging pipe 24 of the seed discharging mechanism, so that the seeds can be discharged smoothly.

[0037] Further, the position adjusting unit includes a hand-tightening positioning bolt 34, two side strip seats 32 and an adjusting positioning seat 35; a strip adjusting hole is provided at the top of the sowing disc housing 22, the lower end of the adjusting positioning seat 35 is fixed on the annular housing 46, the upper end extends out of the strip adjusting hole, and an adjusting positioning hole is provided on the extending end; the two side strip seats 32 are respectively fixed on the two length edges on both sides of the strip adjusting hole, and four positioning threaded holes 33 are arranged at intervals on the side strip seats 32, and the spacing of the four positioning threaded holes 33 is the same as the spacing of the four seed suction holes 44; the hand-tightening positioning bolt 34 passes through the adjusting positioning hole and is threadedly installed on the two positioning threaded holes 33 at the corresponding positions. The hand-tightening positioning bolt 34 can be used to achieve detachable installation, so as to facilitate the alignment and locking of the adjusting positioning hole and one of the four positioning threaded holes 33.

[0038] Further, a plurality of strip-shaped guiding chutes 56 are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the sowing disc housing 22 along its axis direction, and strip-shaped guiding sliders 52 which are slidably embedded in the strip-shaped guiding chutes 56 are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the annular housing 46. By means of the sliding fit between the strip-shaped guiding chutes 56 and the strip-shaped guiding sliders 52, the stability of the annular housing 46 during sliding and locking can be ensured.

[0039] Further, side support ring grooves 49 are arranged on both side ring surfaces of the support ring 48, and support rollers 50 which are respectively and rollingly supported in the side support ring grooves 49 are arranged on the inner wall of the limit ring groove 47. By means of the cooperation between the side support ring grooves 49 and the support rollers 50, the rotary support of the support ring 48 can be realized, and the rotary resistance can be reduced.

[0040] Further, the seed discharging mechanism includes a seed collecting cover 53, a cantilever support rod 58, a seed discharging pipe 24, a counterweight 54 and an arc-shaped baffle 55; one end of the cantilever support rod 58 is fixed on the seed collecting cover 53, and the other end is fixed on the sowing disc housing 22 after passing through the central ring holes of the support ring 48 and the annular housing 46; the upper end of the counterweight 54 is swingably mounted on the side of the upper opening of the seed collecting cover 53 through a swing shaft, and the swing shaft is parallel to the central axis of the suction pipe 43; the counterweight 54 is close to the inner side wall of the seed collecting cover 53 in the vertical state, so that the arc-shaped baffle 55 can quickly return to the vertical state after swinging and avoiding, without swinging back and forth; the lower side of the arc-shaped baffle 55 is fixed on the upper end of the counterweight 54 and is used to block the seeds blown at the seed suction hole 44 and drop them into the seed collecting cover 53; one end of the seed discharging pipe 24 is communicated with the bottom of the seed collecting cover 53, and the other end obliquely passes through the central ring holes of the support ring 48 and the annular housing 46 and then penetrates out of the sowing disc housing 22. The arc-shaped baffle 55 can block the seeds blown at the seed suction hole 44, so that the seeds can smoothly fall into the seed collecting cover 53, and the arc-shaped structure can guide the seeds, so that the seeds can quickly slide into the seed collecting cover 53; the arc-shaped baffle 55 is swingably mounted, so that when it collides with the suction pipe 43, the upper end swings to give way, so that the suction pipe 43 can pass through smoothly, and then quickly returns to the vertical state under the action of the counterweight 54 to block the seeds blown next time.

[0041] Further, a circular convex shell 23 is provided on the inner wall of the sowing disc housing 22 and close to the central ring hole of the annular housing 46, a conical folding cover 57 is provided in the circular convex shell 23, the conical top of the conical folding cover 57 is fixed in the circular convex shell 23, and the conical bottom edge of the conical folding cover 57 is fixed on the edge of the central ring hole of the annular housing 46. The foldable and telescopic conical folding cover 57 can be connected between the annular housing 46 and the circular convex shell 23, so as to seal the space between the annular housing 46 and the sowing disc housing 22, prevent seeds from entering this space, avoid affecting the position adjustment of the annular housing 46, and also prevent seeds from staying in this space for a long time. Moreover, due to the conical structure of the conical folding cover 57, the seeds can also roll into the space on the side convenient for adsorption, so that all the seeds can finally be adsorbed and discharged.

[0042] Further, the rotation drive mechanism includes a fertilizer feeding drive motor 21, a central main shaft 5, and four branch mounting square tubes 6; the spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism includes a spiral drive motor 18, a spiral conveyor 17, and a fertilizer tank connecting pipe 20; the central main shaft 5 is rotatably installed at the central axis of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1, and the fertilizer feeding drive motor 21 is used to drive the central main shaft 5 to rotate; the four branch mounting square tubes 6 are fixedly installed on the central main shaft 5 in a cross shape, and the fertilizer fetching and bullet feeding mechanism is installed on the four branch mounting square tubes 6; a fertilizer inlet 14 is provided at the lower part of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1, the outlet of the spiral conveyor 17 is butt-joint installed at the fertilizer inlet 14, and the spiral drive motor 18 is used to drive the spiral conveyor 17; an inlet connecting pipe 19 is communicated and arranged at the inlet of the spiral conveyor 17; one end of the fertilizer tank connecting pipe 20 is connected to the inlet connecting pipe 19, and the other end is used to be connected to the fertilizer storage tank. The spiral fertilizer feeding mechanism can realize the stable feeding of fertilizer into the fertilizer feeding drive motor 21 quantitatively and at a constant speed, so as to ensure that the amount of fertilizer discharged each time is basically the same; the use of the four branch mounting square tubes 6 to install the four bullet feeding units can effectively improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, the fertilizer bullet feeding mechanism includes four bullet feeding units. Each bullet feeding unit includes a supporting compression spring 8 and a fertilizer feeding hopper 7. The supporting compression springs 8 of the four bullet feeding units are respectively fixedly installed in four branch mounting square tubes 6. One ends of the fertilizer feeding hoppers 7 of the four bullet feeding units are respectively slidably installed in the four branch mounting square tubes 6 and are elastically supported on the supporting compression springs 8. The other end of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 is formed into a U-shaped fertilizer shovel by enclosing three side plates, which is used to extend outside the branch mounting square tube 6 to shovel the fertilizer conveyed at the fertilizer inlet 14. Circular grooves 3 are provided on the inner walls of the two side discs of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1. The corresponding outer walls of the branch mounting square tubes 6 are embedded in the circular grooves 3. The corresponding outer walls of the U-shaped fertilizer shovels of the fertilizer feeding hoppers 7 are close to the inner walls of the two side discs of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1. A fertilizer discharging port 15 is provided on the side edge of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1. When the branch mounting square tube 6 rotates to the fertilizer discharging port 15, it is in a horizontal state. The upper end of the fertilizer discharging pipe 4 is connected to the fertilizer discharging port 15. A lifting platform 2 is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1 and above the fertilizer discharging port 15. The lifting surface of the lifting platform 2 gradually rises from the top of the circumferential inner wall of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1 to the fertilizer discharging port 15 to reach the maximum. The supporting compression spring 8 can elastically push the fertilizer feeding hopper 7, so that the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 is ejected after leaving the lifting platform 2. Under the action of inertia, the stored fertilizer inside is ejected and thrown into the fertilizer discharging pipe 4 as a whole at one time, making the discharged fertilizer relatively concentrated. By rotating and installing the four bullet feeding units, after the U-shaped fertilizer shovel of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 obtains fertilizer from the fertilizer inlet 14, it slides into the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 during the rotating and rising process and converges at the bottom of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7, which is convenient for ejecting and throwing as a whole at one time. The circular groove 3 can facilitate the embedding of the side wall of the branch mounting square tube 6, avoid too large a gap between the side of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 and the inner wall of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1, and prevent fertilizer from leaking from the gap. The lifting platform 2 can gradually push and press the U-shaped fertilizer shovel of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 to compress the supporting compression spring 8, so that the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 has the maximum extension acceleration when the U-shaped fertilizer shovel leaves the lifting platform 2, and the stored fertilizer inside is ejected and thrown as a whole at one time.

[0044] Furthermore, a telescopic guiding sliding groove 12 is provided on the inner wall of the branch mounting square tube 6. A telescopic guiding sliding block 13 that is slidably embedded in the telescopic guiding sliding groove 12 is provided on the outer wall of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7. When the telescopic guiding sliding block 13 moves to the outer end of the telescopic guiding sliding groove 12, the end of the U-shaped fertilizer shovel is close to the circumferential inner wall of the fertilizer spreading disc housing 1. By the cooperation of the telescopic guiding sliding groove 12 and the telescopic guiding sliding block 13, the movement limit of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 can be realized, and the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 can be prevented from being completely ejected outside the branch mounting square tube 6 and falling into the fertilizer discharging pipe 4.

[0045] Furthermore, the end face of the lifting platform 2 at the fertilizer discharging port 15 is a horizontal plane, so that the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 will not be blocked when it pops out, ensuring the popping speed; an arc chamfer 11 matching the lifting surface of the lifting platform 2 is arranged at the edge of the end of the U-shaped fertilizer bucket of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7, and the edge of the side plate of the U-shaped fertilizer bucket close to the inner walls of the two side discs of the fertilizer broadcasting disc housing 1 is set as a fertilizer shoveling slope surface 16. The arc chamfer 11 enables a smooth transition when the U-shaped fertilizer bucket contacts the lifting platform 2; the fertilizer shoveling slope surface 16 enables the fertilizer to be quickly collected into the U-shaped fertilizer bucket when shoveling fertilizer from the fertilizer inlet 14.

[0046] Furthermore, an arc-shaped lifting slope surface 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the hopper side plate 9 of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 that is not used to enclose the U-shaped fertilizer bucket, and the arc-shaped lifting slope surface 10 gradually rises from the inner end to the outer end of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7. The arc-shaped lifting slope surface 10 enables the fertilizer to always concentrate at the bottom of the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 when the fertilizer feeding hopper 7 rotates and rises and rotates to the lifting platform 2, and enables the fertilizer to have an obliquely upward guiding direction when ejecting the fertilizer, avoiding the fertilizer from falling outside the fertilizer discharging port 15 when flying and falling.

[0047] When the precise electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly disclosed in the present invention is installed and used, the assembly mounting bracket is installed on the sowing machine bracket; the fertilizer feeding drive motor 21, the spiral drive motor 18 and the sowing drive motor 27 are electrically connected to the controller of the sowing machine, or a control cabinet is separately set up to drive and control the fertilizer feeding drive motor 21, the spiral drive motor 18 and the sowing drive motor 27; the negative pressure connecting pipe 30 is connected to a negative pressure source, that is, a negative pressure source composed of a negative pressure pump; the seed blowing connecting pipe 31 is connected to a positive pressure source, that is, a positive pressure source composed of a blower; the seed conveying pipe 25 is connected to a seed storage box; the fertilizer tank connecting pipe 20 is connected to a fertilizer storage box; then, the adjusting positioning seat 35 is pushed according to the sowing quantity required for each hole, and locked by hand-tightening the positioning bolt 34, so that a corresponding number of seed suction holes 44 on the suction pipe 43 are in a communicating state; then, the spacing adjusting bolt 63 is adjusted according to the need, so that the discharged fertilizer and seeds have a good relative position relationship.

[0048] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention itself. Various changes can be made in its form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly, characterized in that: It includes an assembly mounting bracket, a seeder and a fertilizer seeder; the seeder includes a seeding disc shell, a rotating seed suction mechanism, a positive pressure seed blowing mechanism, a seed quantity adjustment mechanism and a seed discharge mechanism; the fertilizer seeder includes a fertilizer disc shell, a rotating drive mechanism, a fertilizer taking and sending mechanism and a spiral fertilizer sending mechanism; the fertilizer disc shell is fixedly mounted on the assembly mounting bracket; the seeding disc shell is slidably mounted on the assembly mounting bracket, and the spacing between the seeding disc shell and the fertilizer disc shell is adjusted by the spacing adjustment mechanism; the seed discharge mechanism is mounted on the seeding disc shell for receiving and discharging seeds; the rotating seed suction mechanism is mounted on the seeding disc shell for sucking seeds and moves to the seed discharging mechanism; the positive pressure seed blowing mechanism is used to blow the seeds sucked by the rotating seed sucking mechanism into the seed discharging mechanism; the seed quantity adjusting mechanism is installed on the outer shell of the sowing disc, and is used to adjust the seed quantity sucked by the rotating seed sucking mechanism; the spiral fertilizer delivery mechanism is installed at the lower part of the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc, and is used to transport fertilizer into the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc; a fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc; the rotary driving mechanism is installed on the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc, and the fertilizer taking and sending mechanism is installed on the rotary driving mechanism, and the rotary driving mechanism drives the fertilizer taking and sending mechanism to rotate, and the fertilizer taking and sending mechanism scrapes fertilizer from the spiral fertilizer delivery mechanism and sends it to the fertilizer discharge pipe; The rotary seed suction mechanism comprises a negative pressure seed suction tube shaft, a negative pressure rotating cylinder, a rotating control unit, a buffer disc shell and various adsorption tubes; one end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft is connected and fixed at the center of one side of the buffer disc shell, and the buffer disc shell is located in the outer shell of the sowing disc, and the various adsorption tubes are respectively connected and vertically fixed at the edge of the other side of the buffer disc shell; the other end of the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft is closed and is rotatably installed on a disc surface on one side of the outer shell of the sowing disc; the negative pressure seed suction tube shaft rotatably penetrates the negative pressure rotating cylinder, and the penetration position is rotatably sealed; A negative pressure connecting pipe for connecting with a negative pressure gas source is provided on the wall of the negative pressure rotating cylinder; various negative pressure connecting holes are provided on the axis of the negative pressure seed suction tube and located inside the negative pressure rotating cylinder; a rotation control unit is installed on the outer shell of the sowing disc, and is used to drive the axis of the negative pressure seed suction tube to rotate; four seed suction holes are provided on the wall of the adsorption tube along its axis at intervals, and limited position depressions are provided around the outer openings of the four seed suction holes; the central axis of the seed suction hole intersects perpendicularly with the central axis of the adsorption tube where it is located, and is parallel to the rotation tangent direction of the adsorption tube where it is located; The seed quantity adjustment mechanism includes a position adjustment unit, a supporting ring, an annular shell and various sealing rods; the annular shell is axially slidably installed in the seeding disc shell, and a limiting annular groove is provided on the inner ring hole surface of the annular shell; the position adjustment unit is installed on the seeding disc shell, and is used to adjust the sliding position of the annular shell; the supporting ring is rotatably installed in the limiting annular groove; each sealing rod is vertically fixed on the side of the supporting ring, and the end of each sealing rod is respectively inserted into the adsorption tube at the corresponding position, so as to seal the seed suction hole at the corresponding depth position.

2. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The positive-pressure seed blowing mechanism comprises a seed blowing connecting pipe, a seed blowing cover shell and a cross-shaped bracket; one end of the seed blowing connecting pipe is rotatably installed on the closed end of the negative-pressure seed suction pipe shaft, and is fixed to the negative-pressure rotating cylinder through a cross-shaped bracket, so as to be connected to the positive-pressure air source; the other end of the seed blowing connecting pipe is bent upward and extends into the buffer disc shell, the seed blowing cover shell is connected to the inner end of the seed blowing connecting pipe, and a friction sealing ring is arranged at the cover opening of the seed blowing cover shell, and the friction sealing ring is close to the inner wall of the adsorption tube connecting hole on the buffer disc shell.

3. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The seed discharge mechanism includes a seed collecting cover, a cantilever support rod, a seed discharge pipe, a counterweight and an arc-shaped baffle; one end of the cantilever support rod is fixed on the seed collecting cover, and the other end is fixed on the outer shell of the sowing disc after passing through the supporting ring and the central ring hole of the annular shell; the upper end of the counterweight is swingably mounted on the upper side of the seed collecting cover through a swing shaft, and the swing shaft is parallel to the central axis of the adsorption tube; the lower side of the arc-shaped baffle is fixed on the upper end of the counterweight, which is used to prevent the seeds blown from the seed suction hole from falling into the seed collecting cover; one end of the seed discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the seed collecting cover, and the other end passes obliquely downward through the supporting ring and the central ring hole of the annular shell and then extends out of the outer shell of the sowing disc.

4. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A circular convex shell is arranged on the inner wall of the seeding disc shell and close to the central ring hole of the annular shell, a conical folding cover is arranged inside the circular convex shell, and the conical top of the conical folding cover is fixed in the circular convex shell, and the conical bottom edge of the conical folding cover is fixed on the edge of the central ring hole of the annular shell.

5. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism comprises a fertilizer delivery drive motor, a central main shaft and four branch installation square tubes; the spiral fertilizer delivery mechanism comprises a spiral drive motor, a spiral conveyor and a fertilizer box connecting tube; the central main shaft is rotatably installed at the central axis of the fertilizer spreading disc shell, and the fertilizer delivery drive motor is used to drive the central main shaft to rotate; the four branch installation square tubes are fixedly installed on the central main shaft in a cross shape, and the fertilizer taking and sending mechanism is installed on the four branch installation square tubes; a fertilizer inlet is arranged at the lower part of the fertilizer spreading disc shell, the outlet of the spiral conveyor is docked and installed at the fertilizer inlet, and the spiral drive motor is used to drive the spiral conveyor; an inlet connecting tube is connected at the inlet of the spiral conveyor; one end of the fertilizer box connecting tube is connected to the inlet connecting tube, and the other end is used to be connected to the fertilizer storage box.

6. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 5 is characterized by: The fertilizer ejection mechanism comprises four ejection units, each of which comprises a supporting compression spring and a fertilizer hopper; the supporting compression springs of the four ejection units are respectively fixedly mounted in four branch installation square tubes, one end of the fertilizer hopper of the four ejection units is respectively slidably mounted in the four branch installation square tubes, and elastically supported on the supporting compression springs; the other end of the fertilizer hopper is surrounded by three side plates to form a U-shaped fertilizer shovel, which is used to extend out of the branch installation square tube to shovel the fertilizer transported at the fertilizer inlet; circular hoppers are arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the fertilizer disc shell shaped groove, the corresponding side outer wall of the branch installation square tube is embedded in the circular groove; the corresponding side outer wall of the U-shaped fertilizer shovel of the fertilizer feeding hopper is close to the inner walls of the disks on both sides of the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc; a fertilizer discharge port is arranged on the side of the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc, and the branch installation square tube is rotated to be in a horizontal state at the fertilizer discharge port, and the upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the fertilizer discharge port; a lifting platform is arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc and above the fertilizer discharge port, and the lifting surface of the lifting platform is gradually raised from the top of the circumferential inner wall of the outer shell of the fertilizer sowing disc to the fertilizer discharge port to reach the maximum.

7. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 6 is characterized by: The end surface of the lifting platform at the fertilizer discharge port is a horizontal plane; the end edge of the U-shaped fertilizer bucket of the fertilizer feeding hopper is provided with an arc chamfer matching the lifting surface of the lifting platform, and the edge of the side plate of the U-shaped fertilizer bucket close to the inner wall of the two side discs of the outer shell of the fertilizer spreading disc is set as a fertilizer shoveling slope surface.

8. The precision electric-driven seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing assembly according to claim 6 is characterized by: An arc-shaped lifting slope is arranged on the inner wall of the hopper side plate of the fertilizer hopper which is not used to enclose and form the U-shaped fertilizer scoop bucket, and the arc-shaped lifting slope is gradually raised from the inner end to the outer end of the fertilizer hopper.

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