A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automobile gear box housing

Abstract

The application discloses a bolt transfer structure for assembling an automobile gear box shell and belongs to the technical field of bolt transfer. The bolt transfer structure comprises a connecting rod, a fixed block, a movable block and an electromagnet. One end of the connecting rod is connected with the fixed block, the other end of the connecting rod is used for connecting a mechanical hand, the side surface of the fixed block is provided with two protrusions arranged at intervals, the two protrusions are both provided with a rotating shaft inserted and assembled, the movable block is provided with two accommodating openings arranged at intervals, each protrusion is located in the corresponding accommodating opening, the side of the movable block facing the fixed block is provided with a limiting surface used for abutting against the fixed block, the electromagnet is inserted and assembled in the corresponding mounting hole of the movable block, and the bottom surface of the electromagnet is used for adsorbing the bolt. The bolt transfer structure for assembling the automobile gear box shell provided in the embodiment of the application can not only accurately insert the bolt into the corresponding hole position through the mechanical hand, but also can avoid the problem that the automobile gear box shell is damaged when the bolt is abnormally inserted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bolt transfer technology, specifically relating to a bolt transfer structure for assembling automotive gearbox housings. Background Technology

[0002] The automotive gearbox housing is a precision, large-scale cast aluminum part. After casting, it undergoes machining, leak testing, and press-fitting processes to become a semi-finished product. In the press-fitting process, a robotic arm is needed to move four bolts to designated positions on the gearbox housing before pressing them in.

[0003] In related technologies, a finger cylinder is connected to the robotic arm. The finger cylinder sequentially transfers the bolts in the material box and inserts them into the corresponding holes on the automotive gearbox housing, thereby automatically inserting the bolts into the automotive gearbox housing and facilitating the subsequent assembly of the automotive gearbox housing.

[0004] However, the placement of bolts in the material box is not uniform; each bolt's thread has a certain angle to the vertical direction. When the finger cylinder clamps and transfers the bolts, the bolt thread is always tilted, making it impossible for the finger cylinder to accurately insert them into the corresponding holes after transfer. In addition, when the bolt insertion is abnormal (e.g., the bolt is tilted, or the robot's displacement path deviates, preventing the bolt from being inserted into the corresponding hole), the bolt is very likely to be continuously squeezed and damaged during the downward movement, damaging the automotive gearbox housing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a bolt transfer structure for assembling automotive gearbox housings. Its purpose is not only to allow the bolts to be accurately inserted into the corresponding holes by a robotic arm, but also to avoid the problem of damage to the automotive gearbox housing when the bolts are inserted abnormally.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing, the bolt transfer structure comprising a connecting rod, a fixed block, a movable block, and an electromagnet;

[0007] One end of the connecting rod is connected to the fixed block, and the other end of the connecting rod is used to connect to the robot arm. One side of the fixed block has two spaced protrusions, and a rotating shaft is inserted into each of the two protrusions. The movable block has two spaced receiving openings, and each of the protrusions is located in the corresponding receiving opening. The rotating shaft passes through the movable block and extends to the two receiving openings, so that the movable block can rotate around the rotating shaft. The side of the movable block facing the fixed block has a limiting surface, which is used to abut against the fixed block to restrict the movable block from rotating around the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is located between the limiting surface and the connecting rod. The electromagnet is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole on the movable block, and the bottom surface of the electromagnet is used to attract bolts.

[0008] Optionally, each of the receiving ports is provided with a spring, and each of the springs is sandwiched between the protrusion and the movable block.

[0009] Optionally, a first proximity sensor is inserted into the fixed block, and the first proximity sensor is used to detect the position state of the movable block relative to the fixed block.

[0010] Optionally, both the protrusion and the movable block are provided with spring positioning grooves, and both ends of each spring are inserted into the corresponding spring positioning grooves.

[0011] Optionally, the movable block is provided with a cover plate to cover one end of the mounting hole, and the electromagnet is located between the cover plate and the bolt.

[0012] Optionally, the bottom inner wall of the mounting hole has a chamfer, and the chamfer is spaced apart from the electromagnet.

[0013] Optionally, a second proximity sensor is inserted into the movable block, which is used to detect the position of the bolt on the electromagnet.

[0014] Optionally, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a boss, and the fixing block is provided with a positioning groove, and the boss is inserted into the positioning groove.

[0015] Optionally, the fixing block has a socket that communicates with the positioning groove, and a connecting bolt is inserted into the socket to connect the boss.

[0016] Optionally, the movable block is provided with a wire groove, in which a cable is inserted, and the cable is connected to the electromagnet.

[0017] The aforementioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0018] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention compared with the prior art include:

[0019] For the bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing provided in this embodiment of the invention, when transferring bolts to the automotive gearbox housing, firstly, a connecting rod is connected via a robotic arm, and the bolt transfer structure is moved above the material box, so that the electromagnet and the bolt nut are aligned. At this time, the bottom surface of the electromagnet is horizontally arranged, and the limiting surface abuts against the fixed block, preventing the left end of the movable block from rotating counterclockwise (under the action of gravity, the movable block is considered to be in a locked state). Then, power is supplied to the electromagnet, which has magnetic force, thereby attracting the bolts in the material box to the electromagnet, that is, the bottom surface of the electromagnet attracts the bolt nut, so that the bolts of various shapes placed in the material box are attracted and the bolt shanks are arranged vertically. Next, the robotic arm transfers the bolt to the corresponding hole on the automotive gearbox housing. During the transfer process, the bolt shank remains vertical, and after the transfer, the bolt shank and the corresponding hole are both vertical and aligned, allowing the robotic arm to accurately insert the bolt into the corresponding hole. Finally, the electromagnet is de-energized, the bolt detaches from the electromagnet, and the robotic arm moves the bolt transfer structure away, thereby transferring the next bolt.

[0020] In addition, during the bolt lowering process, if the bolt insertion is abnormal, the bolt will contact the car gearbox housing. With the cooperation of the rotating shaft, the bolt, electromagnet and the left end of the movable block will all rotate clockwise (that is, the left end of the movable block will bring the bolt up). The bolt will not continuously squeeze the car gearbox housing, thus avoiding the problem of damaging the car gearbox housing when the bolt is abnormally inserted.

[0021] In other words, the bolt transfer structure for assembling automotive gearbox housings provided in this embodiment of the invention can not only accurately insert bolts into corresponding holes using a robotic arm, but also avoid damage to the automotive gearbox housing when bolts are inserted abnormally. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a first view of the fixing block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a second view of the fixing block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a first view of the active block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5This is a second view of the active block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically:

[0029] 1. Connecting rod; 11. Boss; 2. Fixing block; 21. Protrusion; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. First proximity sensor; 24. Positioning groove; 3. Movable block; 31. Receiving opening; 32. Limiting surface; 33. Mounting hole; 34. Spring; 35. Cover plate; 36. Second proximity sensor; 37. Cable; 4. Electromagnet; 5. Spring positioning groove; 100. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] Example:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the bolt transfer structure includes a connecting rod 1, a fixed block 2, a movable block 3, and an electromagnet 4.

[0037] One end of the connecting rod 1 is connected to the fixing block 2, and the other end of the connecting rod 1 is used to connect to the robot arm.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a first view of the fixing block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a second view of the fixed block provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, one side of the fixing block 2 has two spaced protrusions 21, and a rotating shaft 22 is inserted into each of the two protrusions 21.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a first view of the active block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a second view of the active block provided in the embodiments of the present invention, combined with Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the movable block 3 has two spaced-apart receiving ports 31, each protrusion 21 is located in the corresponding receiving port 31, and the rotating shaft 22 extends through the movable block 3 to the two receiving ports 31, so that the movable block 3 can rotate around the rotating shaft 22. The movable block 3 has a limiting surface 32 on the side facing the fixed block 2. The limiting surface 32 is used to abut against the fixed block 2 to restrict the movable block 3 from rotating around the rotating shaft 22. The rotating shaft 22 is located between the limiting surface 32 and the connecting rod 1. The electromagnet 4 is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole 33 on the movable block 3. The bottom surface of the electromagnet 4 is used to attract the bolt 100.

[0040] For the bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing provided in this embodiment of the invention, when transferring the bolt 100 to the automotive gearbox housing, firstly, the connecting rod 1 is connected by a robotic arm, and the bolt transfer structure is moved above the material box, so that the electromagnet 4 and the nut of the bolt 100 are directly opposite each other. At this time, the bottom surface of the electromagnet 4 is horizontally arranged, and the limiting surface 32 abuts against the fixed block 2, and the left end of the movable block 3 cannot rotate counterclockwise (under the action of gravity, the movable block 3 is considered to be in a locked state). Then, power is supplied to the electromagnet 4, and the electromagnet 4 has magnetic force, thereby attracting the bolt 100 in the material box to the electromagnet 4, that is, the bottom surface of the electromagnet 4 attracts the nut of the bolt 100, so that the bolts 100 of various shapes placed in the material box are attracted and the bolts 100 are arranged vertically. Next, the robotic arm transfers bolt 100 to the corresponding hole on the automotive gearbox housing. During the transfer, the bolt stalk of bolt 100 remains vertical, and after the transfer, the bolt stalk and the corresponding hole are both vertical and aligned, allowing the robotic arm to precisely insert bolt 100 into the corresponding hole. Finally, electromagnet 4 is de-energized, bolt 100 disengages from electromagnet 4, and the robotic arm moves the bolt transfer structure away, thus transferring the next bolt 100.

[0041] Additionally, during the downward movement of bolt 100, if bolt 100 is inserted abnormally, bolt 100 will contact the automotive gearbox housing. With the cooperation of the rotating shaft 22, the left ends of bolt 100, electromagnet 4, and movable block 3 will all rotate clockwise (see...). Figure 1 That is, the left end of the movable block 3 will cause the bolt 100 to lift up, and the bolt 100 will not continuously squeeze the car gearbox housing, thereby avoiding the problem of damaging the car gearbox housing when the bolt 100 is inserted abnormally.

[0042] In other words, the bolt transfer structure for assembling automotive gearbox housings provided in this embodiment of the invention can not only accurately insert the bolts 100 into the corresponding holes using a robotic arm, but also avoid damage to the automotive gearbox housing when the bolts 100 are inserted abnormally.

[0043] For example, the bottom of the mounting hole 33 protrudes from the electromagnet 4, so that the bottom of the mounting hole 33 can position the bolt 100 nut and ensure its precise adsorption relative to the electromagnet 4.

[0044] In one implementation of the present invention, each receiving port 31 is provided with a spring 34, and each spring 34 is sandwiched between the protrusion 21 and the movable block 3.

[0045] In the above embodiment, on the one hand, the spring 34 can buffer the clockwise rotation of the left end of the movable block 3, preventing the movable block 3 from directly hitting the protrusion 21. On the other hand, after buffering is completed, during abnormal inspection, the spring 34 can reset the movable block 3, so that the limiting surface 32 contacts the fixed block 2.

[0046] For example, when the limiting surface 32 contacts the fixed block 2, the bottom surface of the movable block 3, the bottom surface of the fixed block 2, and the bottom surface of the electromagnet 4 are all arranged horizontally.

[0047] Furthermore, a first proximity sensor 23 is inserted into the fixed block 2, which is used to detect the position of the movable block 3 relative to the fixed block 2.

[0048] It is easy to understand that during the transfer of bolt 100, when the first proximity sensor 23 detects the movable block 3, the movable block 3 does not rotate relative to it, indicating that the limiting surface 32 is in contact with the fixed block 2, and bolt 100 can be inserted normally. However, when the first proximity sensor 23 does not detect the movable block 3 (the movable block 3 is far from the fixed block 2), the movable block 3 rotates relative to the fixed block 2, indicating that the limiting surface 32 is separated from the fixed block 2, and bolt 100 insertion is abnormal. In other words, by detecting the different states of the movable block 3 relative to the fixed block 2 by the first proximity sensor 23, it can be determined whether bolt 100 is properly inserted into the corresponding hole on the automotive gearbox housing.

[0049] For example, the first proximity sensor 23 is connected to an alarm. When the first proximity sensor 23 detects the fixing block 2, it does not send a signal to the alarm. When the first proximity sensor 23 does not detect the fixing block 2, it sends a signal to the alarm, which then issues an alarm signal to remind the operator that the bolt 100 is inserted abnormally.

[0050] For example, both the protrusion 21 and the movable block 3 are provided with spring positioning grooves 5, and both ends of each spring 34 are inserted into the corresponding spring positioning grooves 5. The spring positioning grooves 5 serve to position the two ends of the spring 34.

[0051] In addition, a guide pin is inserted into the receiving port 31, and one end of the spring 34 is sleeved on the guide pin, which guides the deformation of the spring 34.

[0052] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a cover plate 35 is provided on the movable block 3 to cover one end of the mounting hole 33, and the electromagnet 4 is located between the cover plate 35 and the bolt 100. The cover plate 35 serves to protect the electromagnet 4.

[0053] Furthermore, the bottom inner wall of the mounting hole 33 has a chamfer, and the chamfer is spaced apart from the electromagnet 4. That is to say, when the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 4 attracts the bolt 100, the chamfer plays a guiding role for the bolt 100, ensuring that the nut of the bolt 100 can be accurately inserted into the mounting hole 33.

[0054] In this embodiment, a second proximity sensor 36 is inserted into the movable block 3. The second proximity sensor 36 is used to detect the position of the bolt 100 on the electromagnet 4.

[0055] It is easy to understand that during the process of attracting bolt 100, when the second proximity sensor 36 detects bolt 100, it means that bolt 100 is being normally attracted by electromagnet 4. When the second proximity sensor 36 does not detect bolt 100, it means that bolt 100 is not being normally attracted by electromagnet 4. In other words, the second proximity sensor 36 detects whether bolt 100 is being normally attracted.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, one end of the connecting rod 1 is provided with a boss 11, and the fixing block 2 is provided with a positioning groove 24, in which the boss 11 is inserted. The precise positioning of the connecting rod 1 on the fixing block 2 can be achieved through the insertion and cooperation of the boss 21 and the positioning groove 24.

[0057] Furthermore, the fixing block 2 has a socket that communicates with the positioning groove 24, and a connecting bolt is inserted into the socket to connect the boss 11, thereby connecting the fixing block 2 and the connecting rod 1 through the connecting bolt.

[0058] For example, the movable block 3 is provided with a wire groove, in which a cable 37 is inserted. The cable 37 is connected to the electromagnet 4, thereby supplying power to the electromagnet 4 through the cable 37.

[0059] This bolt-driven transfer structure has the following advantages:

[0060] 1. Without occupying extra space, a robotic arm was used to handle 100 bolts, improving precision and efficiency, thereby ensuring the quality of the automotive gearbox housing and reducing production costs.

[0061] 2. After use, it can effectively eliminate the problem of bolts not being perpendicular during handling, resulting in a large tilt angle and the robot arm being unable to accurately place the bolts in the designated hole position. The number of failures per day has been reduced from about 9 using the original finger cylinder structure to zero.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt-transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing, characterized in that, The bolt transfer structure includes a connecting rod (1), a fixed block (2), a movable block (3), and an electromagnet (4); One end of the connecting rod (1) is connected to the fixed block (2), and the other end of the connecting rod (1) is used to connect to the robot arm. One side of the fixed block (2) has two spaced protrusions (21), and a rotating shaft (22) is inserted into each of the two protrusions (21). The movable block (3) has two spaced receiving openings (31), and each of the protrusions (21) is located in the corresponding receiving opening (31). The rotating shaft (22) passes through the movable block (3) and extends to the two receiving openings (31) so that... The movable block (3) rotates around the rotating shaft (22). The movable block (3) has a limiting surface (32) on the side facing the fixed block (2). The limiting surface (32) is used to abut against the fixed block (2) to restrict the movable block (3) from rotating around the rotating shaft (22). The rotating shaft (22) is located between the limiting surface (32) and the connecting rod (1). The electromagnet (4) is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole (33) on the movable block (3). The bottom surface of the electromagnet (4) is used to attract the bolt (100).

2. The bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the receiving ports (31) is provided with a spring (34), and each of the springs (34) is sandwiched between the protrusion (21) and the movable block (3).

3. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first proximity sensor (23) is inserted into the fixed block (2), and the first proximity sensor (23) is used to detect the position state of the movable block (3) relative to the fixed block (2).

4. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the protrusion (21) and the movable block (3) are provided with spring positioning grooves (5), and both ends of each spring (34) are inserted into the corresponding spring positioning grooves (5).

5. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable block (3) is provided with a cover plate (35) to cover one end of the mounting hole (33), and the electromagnet (4) is located between the cover plate (35) and the bolt (100).

6. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom inner wall of the mounting hole (33) has a chamfer, and the chamfer is spaced apart from the electromagnet (4).

7. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A second proximity sensor (36) is inserted into the movable block (3), and the second proximity sensor (36) is used to detect the position of the bolt (100) on the electromagnet (4).

8. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, One end of the connecting rod (1) is provided with a boss (11), and the fixing block (2) is provided with a positioning groove (24), and the boss (11) is inserted into the positioning groove (24).

9. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fixing block (2) has a socket that communicates with the positioning groove (24), and a connecting bolt is inserted into the socket to connect the boss (11).

10. A bolt transfer structure for assembling an automotive gearbox housing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The movable block (3) is provided with a wire groove, and a cable (37) is inserted in the wire groove. The cable (37) is connected to the electromagnet (4).

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