A reservoir drought resistance dispatching method and device

Abstract

The present application discloses a reservoir drought resistance scheduling method and equipment, and relates to the technical field of reservoir scheduling. The method comprises: dividing the current scheduling cycle into multiple time periods; determining the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be scheduled in each time period according to water-demand data in typical drought years; determining the drought warning water level of the reservoir to be scheduled in each time period based on the initial water storage capacity of multiple time periods; determining the drought comprehensive index of the current time period based on current historical meteorological data; determining the real-time effective available water volume of the current time period according to the drought comprehensive index of the current time period and the drought warning water level of the current time period; determining the scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled in the current time period based on the real-time effective available water volume of the current time period. The present application performs reservoir drought resistance scheduling based on the drought comprehensive index and the drought warning water level, which can improve the rationality of reservoir scheduling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reservoir dispatching, and in particular to a method and equipment for drought-resistant dispatching of a reservoir. Background Art

[0002] Using the reservoir's storage capacity for drought relief is one of the most effective non-engineering measures for drought relief and disaster reduction. The drought limit water level is an important basis for initiating emergency response to drought relief. Current research has generally recognized the inadequacy of a single drought warning water level that is unified throughout the year, and proposed a method for determining the drought warning water level in different time periods based on hydrological staging. However, the current hydrological staging generally only considers the water level fluctuations caused by the reservoir's water supply function, and does not consider the seasonal water level fluctuations associated with the reservoir's ice prevention and flood control, resulting in the problem of the minimum inflow runoff and the lowest reservoir water level not appearing at the same time. For this type of large reservoir that stores water to make up for drought, prevents floods and fights drought, there has been no relevant research on the method for determining the drought warning water level.

[0003] The drought warning water level only provides a characteristic water level for scheduling at the planning level, that is, when the reservoir reaches this water level, emergency drought relief may be initiated. As a drought warning water level, it should not be simply regarded as a sign of stopping water supply, nor should it be simply analogized to restricting the water supply level or reducing the output line, and reducing the water supply by a fixed ratio. Since drought is a disaster that lasts for a long time and affects a wide area, its occurrence and development are largely driven and affected by climate factors. Drought relief scheduling based on drought warning water levels should take into account the development process of drought. Researchers usually cite drought indicators to measure the drought situation in the basin and assess drought risks. Therefore, how to effectively combine the drought index of drought management and the drought warning water level of reservoir scheduling, and propose a unified scheduling model from conventional scheduling to drought relief scheduling is still the focus and difficulty of water resources management application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a reservoir drought-resistant scheduling method and equipment, which can improve the rationality of reservoir scheduling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a reservoir drought relief scheduling method, comprising:

[0007] Before the flood season in the basin controlled by the reservoir to be dispatched begins, the next hydrological year is determined as the current dispatching cycle;

[0008] Divide the current scheduling cycle into multiple time periods with a monthly step length;

[0009] According to the water-demand data in typical drought years, the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each period is determined; the water-demand data in typical drought years is determined by the runoff process in a dry year with a preset hydrological frequency; the initial water storage capacity is the theoretical water storage capacity on the first day of the corresponding period;

[0010] Based on the initial water storage capacity in multiple time periods, determine the drought warning water level of the reservoir to be dispatched in each time period;

[0011] Determine any time period in the current scheduling cycle as the current time period;

[0012] Obtain the meteorological data within the preset time range before the current period as the current historical meteorological data;

[0013] Determine the comprehensive drought index for the current period based on the current historical meteorological data;

[0014] Determine the real-time effective available water volume in the current period according to the comprehensive drought index and drought warning water level in the current period;

[0015] Based on the real-time effective available water volume in the current period, the scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled in the current period is determined.

[0016] Optionally, the preset hydrological frequency is 75%.

[0017] Optionally, based on the water-demand data in typical drought years, determine the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each period, including:

[0018] Get the number of time periods T in the current scheduling cycle, and number all time periods in the current scheduling cycle in chronological order;

[0019] Obtain the dead storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched;

[0020] Determine the dead storage capacity as the initial water storage capacity for the T+1th period;

[0021] Let time period number t=T;

[0022] Determine the initial water storage capacity for the tth period according to the dead storage capacity, the initial water storage capacity for the t+1th period, the water demand of all water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, and the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period in a typical drought year;

[0023] Subtract 1 from the value of the time period number t, and return to the step "determine the initial water storage capacity for the tth time period based on the dead storage capacity, the initial water storage capacity for the t+1th time period, the water demand of all water supply objects of the reservoir to be scheduled in the tth time period, and the water inflow of the reservoir to be scheduled in the tth time period in a typical drought year" until the time period number t is equal to 1, and the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be scheduled in each time period is obtained.

[0024] Optionally, the initial water storage capacity for the t-th period is:

[0025] ;

[0026] in, is the initial water storage capacity in the tth period, is the dead storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched, N is the total number of water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched, is the water demand of the nth water supply object of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period in a typical drought year, is the evaporation and leakage water loss of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the initial water storage capacity in the t+1th period.

[0027] Optionally, the drought warning water level is:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, is the drought warning water level in the tth period, is the reservoir capacity-water level relationship function, is the upper limit of storage capacity constraint in the tth period, is the lower limit of the storage capacity constraint in the tth period, The storage capacity corresponding to the normal water level of the reservoir to be dispatched.

[0030] Optionally, the comprehensive drought index is:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, is the comprehensive drought index of the tth period, is the meteorological adjustment coefficient, is the first meteorological data weight, is the weighted cumulative precipitation in the first preset time period before the current period, is the second meteorological data weight, is the evapotranspiration during the second preset time period before the current period, is the third meteorological data weight, is the seasonal precipitation within the third preset time period before the current period, is the fourth meteorological data weight, It is the semi-annual precipitation within the fourth preset time period before the current period.

[0033] Optionally, according to the drought comprehensive index of the current period and the drought warning water level of the current period, the real-time effective available water volume of the current period is determined, including:

[0034] Get the reservoir water level on the first day of the current period as the current initial reservoir water level;

[0035] Determine whether the current initial reservoir water level is lower than the drought warning water level in the current period and obtain the judgment result;

[0036] If the judgment result is no, then according to the current initial reservoir water level, using the first effective initial storage capacity formula, determine the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the current period;

[0037] If the judgment result is yes, then according to the current initial reservoir water level and the comprehensive drought index of the current period, the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the current period is determined by using the second effective initial storage capacity formula;

[0038] According to the effective initial storage capacity of the current period, the real-time effective available water volume of the current period is determined.

[0039] Optionally, the first effective initial storage capacity formula is:

[0040] ;

[0041] in, is the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the water level-reservoir capacity relationship function, is the initial reservoir water level of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period;

[0042] The second effective initial storage capacity formula is:

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] in, is the reduction ratio of effective storage capacity;

[0046] The real-time effective available water volume is:

[0047] ;

[0048] in, is the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, This is the water inflow to the reservoir during the current period.

[0049] Optionally, the scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled is:

[0050] ;

[0051] in, is the dispatching strategy of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, It represents the decision function for the reservoir to be dispatched to make water supply decisions based on the initial water level and inflow during the period.

[0052] In a second aspect, the present application provides a computer device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-mentioned reservoir drought relief scheduling method.

[0053] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0054] The present application provides a reservoir drought-resistant scheduling method and equipment, which determines the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be scheduled in each time period based on water-water demand data in typical drought years; determines the drought warning water level of the reservoir to be scheduled in each time period based on the initial water storage capacity of multiple time periods; determines the comprehensive drought index of the current time period based on current historical meteorological data; determines the real-time effective available water volume of the current time period based on the comprehensive drought index of the current time period and the drought warning water level of the current time period; determines the scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled in the current time period based on the real-time effective available water volume of the current time period, takes the real-time drought index and the drought warning water level as the starting indicators for reservoir drought-resistant scheduling, and proposes a reservoir water supply scheduling mode that connects drought periods and non-drought periods based on the effective available water volume of the reservoir, so as to provide a scientific basis and technical support for reservoir drought-resistant optimization scheduling.

[0055] This application explicitly considers the problem of inconsistency between the low water level and low flow time of the reservoir due to changes in the upper and lower limits of the reservoir capacity constraints. Taking months as the phased control period of the reservoir, the water supply regulation in a typical drought year and the storage capacity constraints are proportionally scaled to determine the monthly drought warning water level of the reservoir, which lowers the drought warning water level in the flood season and raises the drought warning water level in the early stage of the dry season, thereby maximizing the potential of the reservoir's drought resistance capacity without lowering the reservoir's drought resistance standards.

[0056] This application dynamically determines the conditions for activating drought-resistant scheduling based on the analysis of the meteorological drought index and the reservoir drought warning water level, and calculates the effective storage capacity and water supply of the reservoir based on the meteorological conditions in the past one to six months, guides real-time scheduling, and realizes a unified scheduling mode from conventional scheduling to drought-resistant scheduling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a reservoir drought relief scheduling method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a reservoir drought relief scheduling method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 3 It is a reservoir drought warning water level map in one embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 A diagram of the monthly drought relief dispatching process of a reservoir using the method in one embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0065] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a reservoir drought relief scheduling method is provided, the method comprising:

[0066] Step 101: Before the flood season in the basin controlled by the reservoir to be dispatched begins, determine the next hydrological year as the current dispatching period.

[0067] Step 102: Divide the current scheduling cycle into multiple time periods with a step length of one month.

[0068] Step 103: Determine the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each period based on the water supply-demand data in typical drought years. The water supply-demand data in typical drought years are determined by the runoff process in a dry year with a hydrological frequency of a preset hydrological frequency. The initial water storage capacity is the theoretical water storage capacity on the first day of the corresponding period. The preset hydrological frequency is 75%.

[0069] Step 104: Based on the initial water storage in multiple time periods, determine the drought warning water level of the reservoir to be dispatched in each time period.

[0070] Step 105: Determine any time period in the current scheduling cycle as the current time period.

[0071] Step 106: Acquire the meteorological data within a preset time range before the current period as the current historical meteorological data.

[0072] Step 107: Determine the comprehensive drought index for the current period based on the current historical meteorological data.

[0073] Step 108: Determine the real-time effective available water volume in the current period according to the comprehensive drought index in the current period and the drought warning water level in the current period.

[0074] Step 109: Based on the real-time effective available water volume in the current period, determine the scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled in the current period.

[0075] Step 103 includes:

[0076] Step 103 - 1 : Obtain the number of time periods T in the current scheduling cycle, and number all time periods in the current scheduling cycle in chronological order.

[0077] Step 103-2: Obtain the dead storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched.

[0078] Step 103-3: Determine the dead storage capacity as the initial water storage capacity for the T+1th period.

[0079] Step 103 - 4: Let time period number t=T.

[0080] Step 103-5: Determine the initial water storage capacity for the tth period based on the dead storage capacity, the initial water storage capacity for the t+1th period, the water demand of all water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, and the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period in a typical drought year.

[0081] Step 103-6: Subtract 1 from the value of the time period number t, and return to step 103-5 until the time period number t is equal to 1, and obtain the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each time period. The initial water storage capacity of the tth time period is:

[0082] .

[0083] in, is the initial water storage capacity in the tth period, is the dead storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched, N is the total number of water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched, is the water demand of the nth water supply object of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period in a typical drought year, is the evaporation and leakage water loss of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the initial water storage capacity in the t+1th period.

[0084] Specifically, the drought warning water level is:

[0085] .

[0086] in, is the drought warning water level in the tth period, is the reservoir capacity-water level relationship function, is the upper limit of storage capacity constraint in the tth period, is the lower limit of the storage capacity constraint in the tth period, The storage capacity corresponding to the normal water level of the reservoir to be dispatched.

[0087] The comprehensive drought index is:

[0088] .

[0089] in, is the comprehensive drought index of the tth period, is the meteorological adjustment coefficient, is the first meteorological data weight, is the weighted cumulative precipitation in the first preset time period before the current period, is the second meteorological data weight, is the evapotranspiration during the second preset time period before the current period, is the third meteorological data weight, is the seasonal precipitation within the third preset time period before the current period, is the fourth meteorological data weight, It is the semi-annual precipitation within the fourth preset time period before the current period.

[0090] Step 108 includes:

[0091] Step 108 - 1 : Obtain the reservoir water level on the first day of the current period as the current initial reservoir water level.

[0092] Step 108-2: Determine whether the current initial reservoir water level is lower than the drought warning water level in the current period, and obtain a determination result. If the determination result is no, execute step 108-3; if the determination result is yes, execute step 108-4.

[0093] Step 108-3: According to the current initial reservoir water level, use the first effective initial storage capacity formula to determine the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the current period. The first effective initial storage capacity formula is:

[0094] .

[0095] in, is the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the water level-reservoir capacity relationship function, is the initial reservoir water level of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period.

[0096] Step 108-4: According to the current initial reservoir water level and the comprehensive drought index of the current period, the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the current period is determined using the second effective initial storage capacity formula. The second effective initial storage capacity formula is:

[0097] .

[0098] .

[0099] in, is the reduction ratio of effective storage capacity.

[0100] Step 108-5: Determine the real-time effective available water volume in the current period based on the effective initial storage capacity in the current period. The real-time effective available water volume is:

[0101] .

[0102] in, is the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, It is the water inflow to the reservoir in the current period.

[0103] Specifically, the dispatching strategy of the reservoir to be dispatched is:

[0104] .

[0105] in, is the dispatching strategy of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, It represents the decision function for the reservoir to be dispatched to make water supply decisions based on the initial water level and inflow during the period.

[0106] Next, a large-scale multi-year regulation reservoir A with flood control function is taken as an example to specifically describe a reservoir drought relief scheduling method provided by this embodiment. The specific principle is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0107] Reservoir A controls a drainage area of ​​approximately 100,000 km 2 The average annual runoff at the dam site is 38.8 billion m 3 The normal water level of the reservoir is 170m, corresponding to a storage capacity of 29.05 billion m 3 , dead water level 145m, corresponding to a reservoir capacity of 10 billion m 3 The flood limit water level is 160m, corresponding to a reservoir capacity of 19.82 billion m 3 .

[0108] S1. Collection and processing of reservoir meteorological, hydrological and dispatching data.

[0109] Determine the water supply range of the reservoir, collect the reservoir's historical monthly or ten-day scale inflow process, water demand process, scheduling procedures such as scheduling diagrams or scheduling functions, reservoir evaporation and leakage coefficient, water level-storage capacity-area characteristic curve, etc., and collect the daily average precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature processes of each meteorological station within the reservoir control basin.

[0110] The daily precipitation process of each station is calculated by arithmetic mean to obtain the average precipitation, and the sum is obtained to obtain the same time scale as the reservoir water inflow:

[0111] .

[0112] In the formula, is the average monthly precipitation in the region, The first station in the month The average precipitation of the day, n is the total number of upstream stations. The average temperature is taken as the arithmetic mean of the highest and lowest interval average temperatures. The same treatment is applied to precipitation.

[0113] The collected data include: the monthly runoff process of the reservoir from 1971 to 2018, the characteristic relationship curve of the reservoir water level, area and storage capacity, the evaporation coefficient of the reservoir in different seasons, and the monthly water diversion demand of the downstream of the reservoir and ecological flow demand .

[0114] There are a total of 12 meteorological stations within the control basin, and the average monthly precipitation and temperature process on the reservoir surface are obtained by arithmetic mean addition.

[0115] S2. The initial water storage capacity of the reservoir in each period based on reverse time-series regulation (water supply and water demand in typical drought years).

[0116] The hydrological year is used as the dispatching cycle. The water inflow process of each month in a typical drought year is obtained by using the designed dry year runoff and its annual distribution. Generally, the runoff process of a dry year with a hydrological frequency of 75% is taken. Assuming that the reservoir has N The water demand of the reservoir is the water supply object of the reservoir. n The sum of the average water demand for different months of the year over the same period of many years.

[0117] Taking the dead storage capacity reached at the end of the dispatching period as the benchmark, according to the monthly water inflow, water demand, and evaporation loss of the reservoir, the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir is calculated in reverse order month by month:

[0118] .

[0119] .

[0120] In the formula, For the scheduling period ( t =1,2,… T ) The amount of water that should be stored at the beginning of each month; It is the dead storage capacity of the reservoir; Water supply for reservoirs n In the period t water demand; The reservoir in a typical drought year t The amount of water coming in; For the reservoir during the period t of water lost due to evaporation and leakage.

[0121] Furthermore, in this embodiment, Reservoir A gradually enters the flood season from May, and the scheduling period is from May to April of the following year. The water intake frequency of 75% corresponds to the annual runoff process. The water demand is the sum of the water diversion and downstream ecological water demand. The dead storage capacity at the end of April at the end of the scheduling period is taken as the benchmark, and the water storage capacity of the reservoir at the beginning of each month is calculated in reverse order for each time period.

[0122] S3. Monthly drought warning water level of reservoirs taking into account changes in storage capacity constraints.

[0123] During the dispatching period, considering the changes in storage capacity constraints, the drought warning water level of the reservoir is reduced according to the effective storage capacity based on the initial monthly water storage capacity of the reservoir:

[0124] .

[0125] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lower limit of the storage capacity constraint of reservoir A is The dead water level is 145m, and the lower limit of the reservoir capacity constraint changes with time. From October to April of the following year, the maximum reservoir capacity constraint is the normal water level (corresponding to the reservoir capacity) of 170m. The maximum reservoir capacity constraint in the main flood season of July and August is 160m. June and September are the transition months before and after the flood season. Considering the change of reservoir capacity constraint, the water storage capacity at the beginning of the month is reduced to obtain the monthly drought warning water level.

[0126] Figure 3 The drought warning water level calculated according to the "Drought Limit Water Level (Flow) Determination Method" (2011 revised version, formulated by the National Flood Control Office and the Hydrological Bureau of the Ministry of Water Resources) and the drought warning water level calculated by this application method are compared. According to the "Drought Limit Water Level (Flow) Determination Method", the drought warning water level corresponds to the dead storage capacity plus the maximum water supply:

[0127] .

[0128] The drought warning water level determined based on this is consistent throughout the year at 147.64m; this application method not only takes into account the evaporation and leakage losses of large reservoirs, but also takes into account the characteristics of reservoirs storing water in high water levels to compensate for low water levels. The determined drought warning water level is lower during the flood season and higher after the flood season and before the dry season, with the highest drought warning water level being 155.27m. Compared with the drought warning water level in the "Measures for Determining Drought-Limited Water Levels (Flows)", the drought warning water level determined by this application method avoids the possibility of frequent drought warnings at the end of the dry season despite the normal low water level, and avoids the phenomenon of not taking drought relief measures in a timely manner despite the serious shortage of water storage after the flood season.

[0129] S4. Calculation of comprehensive drought index for reservoir-controlled watershed.

[0130] The drought index is calculated by the meteorological drought comprehensive index (MCI) to characterize the future reservoir hydrological drought situation. The effective precipitation within 60 days (weighted cumulative precipitation, SPIW), evapotranspiration within 30 days (i.e. relative humidity, MI), seasonal scale (90 days) precipitation and nearly half-year scale (150 days) precipitation are counted respectively. The calculation formula of the drought index for the period is:

[0131] .

[0132] In the formula, the meteorological data weight is , b, c, d shall be taken according to the corresponding values ​​given in the national standard "Meteorological Drought Grade" based on the range of the reservoir's controlled watershed. is the weighted cumulative precipitation in the 60 days before the current period, is the evapotranspiration in the 30 days before the current period, is the seasonal precipitation within 90 days before the current period, It is the semiannual precipitation within 150 days before the current period.

[0133] Furthermore, based on the average precipitation and temperature in the basin controlled by Reservoir A, it was calculated that the MCI value of the time period was between (-3.5) and 3.5, with the relatively wet period (MCI>1) accounting for 17% and the relatively dry period [MCI<(-1)] accounting for 17.5%.

[0134] S5. Determination of available water volume in reservoirs based on drought warning water level and drought index.

[0135] If the reservoir water level at the beginning of the time period is higher than or equal to the drought warning water level, all incoming water and storage capacity of the reservoir should participate in water supply scheduling normally, and the effective storage capacity of the reservoir at the beginning of the time period is the actual storage capacity:

[0136] .

[0137] If the initial reservoir water level is lower than the drought warning level, drought relief dispatching is initiated, and the effective initial reservoir capacity is the actual reservoir capacity reduced in proportion:

[0138] .

[0139] .

[0140] In the formula, is the effective reservoir capacity reduction ratio determined according to the drought coefficient. When the reservoir is extremely dry, it can be considered that all water storage does not participate in water supply scheduling. When the drought index is greater than 1 and precipitation is abundant, the reservoir can quickly return to normal from the drought state without reducing water supply.

[0141] The effective available water volume for reservoir drought relief operation is:

[0142] .

[0143] S6. Real-time water supply scheduling based on the available water volume of the reservoir (i.e. the effective available water volume for drought relief scheduling of the reservoir) and incoming water.

[0144] Drought-resistant water supply decisions are made based on the current reservoir dispatching rules and real-time effective available water volume. Assume that the reservoir current dispatching function can be written as:

[0145] .

[0146] In the formula, Make decisions on water supply during reservoir periods; It means that the reservoir makes water supply decisions based on the initial water level and water inflow during the period. The drought-resistant scheduling rule is a function of the effective initial storage capacity and water inflow after considering the drought characteristics:

[0147] .

[0148] In the formula, Reservoir water supply decisions adjusted for drought characteristics.

[0149] In this embodiment, reservoir A supplies water according to the dispatching diagram. When the initial water level of the reservoir is between the guaranteed water supply area, the reservoir supplies water on demand; when the water level is in the reduced water supply area, the reservoir diversion volume is 300m 3 / s, downstream ecological water supply 490m 3 / s; when the water level is in the restricted water supply area, the reservoir water diversion volume is 260m 3 / s, downstream ecological water supply 490m 3 / s; when the water level is lower than the restricted water supply area but higher than 150m, the reservoir diverts water at 135m 3 / s, downstream ecological water supply 490m 3 / s; when the reservoir is lower than 150m, the reservoir stops diverting water and limits the downstream ecological water supply flow to 400m 3 / s.

[0150] Taking into account the drought index and drought warning water level, when the reservoir starts drought relief scheduling, the initial water level (water storage capacity) of the period is reduced according to the drought index, and the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir is calculated. The water level corresponding to the storage capacity is returned to the scheduling diagram to determine the water supply.

[0151] Figure 4 The reservoir water level process of drought-resistant dispatching without considering drought-resistant dispatching and drought-resistant dispatching with drought warning water level considered in consecutive dry years (1997 to 2001) was compared. The reservoir was dispatched from the same initial water level. In the first two years, the reservoir water level was continuously higher than the drought warning water level, and the water level process of the two dispatching methods overlapped; the reservoir started drought-resistant dispatching in November 1998, and the reservoir water level continued to be higher than the conventional dispatching. The drought-resistant dispatching reservoir in this application can avoid frequent low water levels in the reservoir, and the period of reservoir water level below 150m in the entire consecutive dry years was reduced from 29 months to 19 months; however, the average monthly water diversion of the two dispatching methods in 5 years was not much different, with the conventional dispatching being 146m 3 / s, drought relief dispatch is 142m 3 / s. The results show that the dispatching method considering drought index and drought warning water level can be seamlessly connected with the original dispatching rules. When the water supply is not significantly reduced, it avoids the reservoir from falling to an extremely low water level and retains the drought resistance of the reservoir to the greatest extent.

[0152] The present application also provides an application scenario, which applies the above-mentioned reservoir drought relief scheduling method. Specifically: the reservoir drought relief scheduling method provided in this embodiment can be applied in the drought relief scheduling scenario. The scenario includes meteorological and hydrological data collection links, scheduling equipment manufacturing and construction links, and overall scheduling links; the reservoir drought relief scheduling method provided in this embodiment belongs to the scheduling equipment manufacturing link in the scheduling equipment manufacturing and construction link.

[0153] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server or a terminal. The internal structure diagram thereof may be as follows: Figure 5As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a reservoir drought relief scheduling method is implemented.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0155] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0156] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0157] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0158] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM may be in various forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0159] The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a distributed database based on blockchain, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0160] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0161] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A reservoir drought relief dispatching method, characterized in that: include: Before the flood season in the basin controlled by the reservoir to be dispatched begins, the next hydrological year is determined as the current dispatching period; Divide the current scheduling cycle into multiple time periods with a monthly step length; According to the water-demand data in typical drought years, the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each period is determined; the water-demand data in typical drought years is determined by the runoff process in a dry year with a preset hydrological frequency; the initial water storage capacity is the theoretical water storage capacity on the first day of the corresponding period; Based on the initial water storage capacity in multiple time periods, determine the drought warning water level of the reservoir to be dispatched in each time period; Determine any time period in the current scheduling cycle as the current time period; Obtain the meteorological data within the preset time range before the current period as the current historical meteorological data; Determine the comprehensive drought index for the current period based on the current historical meteorological data; Determine the real-time effective available water volume in the current period according to the comprehensive drought index and drought warning water level in the current period; Based on the real-time effective available water volume in the current period, determine the scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled in the current period; Based on the water-demand data in typical drought years, determine the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each period, including: Get the number of time periods T in the current scheduling cycle, and number all time periods in the current scheduling cycle in chronological order; Obtain the dead storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched; Determine the dead storage capacity as the initial water storage capacity for the T+1th period; Let time period number t=T; Determine the initial water storage capacity for the tth period according to the dead storage capacity, the initial water storage capacity for the t+1th period, the water demand of all water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, and the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period in a typical drought year; Subtract 1 from the value of the time period number t, and return to step "determine the initial water storage capacity of the tth time period according to the dead storage capacity, the initial water storage capacity of the t+1th time period, the water demand of all water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth time period, and the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth time period in a typical drought year" until the time period number t is equal to 1, and obtain the initial water storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in each time period; The initial water storage capacity for the tth period is: ； in, is the initial water storage capacity in the tth period, is the dead storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched, N is the total number of water supply objects of the reservoir to be dispatched, is the water demand of the nth water supply object of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the water inflow of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period in a typical drought year, is the evaporation and leakage water loss of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the initial water storage capacity in the t+1th period; The drought warning water level is: ； in, is the drought warning water level in the tth period, is the reservoir capacity-water level relationship function, is the upper limit of storage capacity constraint in the tth period, is the lower limit of the storage capacity constraint in the tth period, The storage capacity corresponding to the normal water level of the reservoir to be dispatched; The comprehensive drought index is: ； in, is the comprehensive drought index of the tth period, is the meteorological adjustment coefficient, is the first meteorological data weight, is the weighted cumulative precipitation in the first preset time period before the current period, is the second meteorological data weight, is the evapotranspiration during the second preset time period before the current period, is the third meteorological data weight, is the seasonal precipitation within the third preset time period before the current period, is the fourth meteorological data weight, It is the semi-annual precipitation within the fourth preset time period before the current period; According to the drought comprehensive index and drought warning water level of the current period, the real-time effective available water volume of the current period is determined, including: Get the reservoir water level on the first day of the current period as the current initial reservoir water level; Determine whether the current initial reservoir water level is lower than the drought warning water level in the current period and obtain the judgment result; If the judgment result is no, then according to the current initial reservoir water level, using the first effective initial storage capacity formula, determine the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the current period; If the judgment result is yes, then according to the current initial reservoir water level and the comprehensive drought index of the current period, the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the current period is determined by using the second effective initial storage capacity formula; Determine the real-time effective available water volume in the current period based on the effective initial storage capacity in the current period; The first effective initial storage capacity formula is: ； in, is the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, is the water level-reservoir capacity relationship function, is the initial reservoir water level of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period; The second effective initial storage capacity formula is: ； ； in, is the reduction ratio of effective storage capacity; The real-time effective available water volume is: ； in, is the effective initial storage capacity of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, The water inflow to the reservoir in the current period; The scheduling strategy of the reservoir to be scheduled is: ； in, is the dispatching strategy of the reservoir to be dispatched in the tth period, It represents the decision function for the reservoir to be dispatched to make water supply decisions based on the initial water level and inflow during the period.

2. The reservoir drought relief dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset hydrological frequency is 75%.

3. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the reservoir drought relief scheduling method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

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