Highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader and its fertilization process

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of fertilizer application technology, and in particular to a high-heterogeneity soil fertilizer applicator and a fertilization process thereof; the present invention provides a high-heterogeneity soil fertilizer applicator, comprising: a fertilizer barrel, which is hollow inside; a feeder, which is arranged at the feeder end of the fertilizer barrel, and the fertilizer is suitable for flowing downward through the feeder; a material wheel, which is rotatably arranged in the feeder, and a plurality of material troughs are opened at equal intervals on the outer wall; a cleaning and crushing device, which is slidably arranged in the material trough and is suitable for closing the material trough; wherein, after the fertilizer falls into the material trough, the cleaning and crushing device moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the material trough; when the cleaning and crushing device closes the material trough, it is suitable for scraping off the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the feeder. By setting the cleaning and crushing device, after the fertilizer is transported into the material trough, the outer sleeve moves spirally in the direction of the oil replenishing block to crush the fertilizer agglomerated in the material trough.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilization, and in particular relates to injecting fertilizer into roots, and in particular to a high-heterogeneity soil fertilizer applicator and a fertilization process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of improving highly heterogeneous soils, it is usually necessary to uniformly and quantitatively increase the application of fertilizers, especially nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, to promote crop growth and improve crop salt tolerance.

[0003] During storage, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers will absorb water and clump, which will affect the growth of crops and even burn the roots of crops in severe cases. In addition, when fertilizing crops with a fertilizer spreader, some fertilizer will remain on the inner wall of the fertilizer spreader, which will corrode the equipment if not cleaned in time; however, it is troublesome to manually clean the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the feed port.

[0004] Therefore, how to prevent fertilizer from agglomerating and remaining on the inner wall of the fertilizer spreader is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the art.

[0005] It should be noted that the above information disclosed in this background technology section is only used to understand the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute information of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present disclosure at least provide a highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer applicator and a fertilization process thereof.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a high-heterogeneity soil fertilizer spreader, comprising:

[0008] A fertilizer cylinder, which is hollow inside;

[0009] A feeding member is arranged at the feeding end of the fertilizer barrel, and the fertilizer is suitable for flowing downward through the feeding member;

[0010] A material wheel is rotatably arranged in the material discharge member, and a plurality of material grooves are formed on the outer wall at equal intervals;

[0011] A cleaning and breaking device is slidably arranged in the trough and is suitable for closing the trough;

[0012] Among them, after the fertilizer falls into the trough, the cleaning and crushing device moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the trough;

[0013] When cleaning the closed trough of the crushing device, it is suitable for scraping off the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the feeding part.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the cleaning and crushing device includes: a positioning ring, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the material wheel;

[0015] A protective sheet, which is arranged on the side wall of the positioning ring and extends along the axial direction of the material wheel, and one protective sheet corresponds to one material trough;

[0016] A crushing assembly, one end of which is arranged on the inner wall of the protection sheet, and the other end is arranged on the side wall of the trough;

[0017] Wherein, when the positioning ring slides along the axial direction of the material wheel, the protection sheet is suitable for closing the material trough;

[0018] The protective sheet pushes the outer sleeve of the crushing assembly to rotate to crush the fertilizer agglomerated in the trough.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the crushing assembly includes: a positioning block, which is arranged on the inner wall of the protection sheet;

[0020] An outer sleeve, which is rotatably disposed on the side wall of the positioning block;

[0021] A plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the outer wall of the outer sleeve;

[0022] An inner positioning post is slidably disposed in the outer sleeve and extends along the axial direction of the material wheel;

[0023] When the outer sleeve moves toward the inner positioning post, the outer sleeve is suitable for circumferential rotation relative to the inner positioning post.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, a protrusion is fixed to the outer wall of one end of the inner positioning column close to the outer sleeve;

[0025] The inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a spiral groove matched with the protrusion, wherein when the outer sleeve moves toward the inner positioning column, the protrusion is suitable for pushing the outer sleeve to rotate circumferentially.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, an oil supply block is provided on the inner wall of the material trough away from the positioning ring, the oil supply block is hollow inside, and an oil push plate is slidably provided inside the oil supply block;

[0027] The inner positioning column is arranged on the side wall of the oil pushing plate and is suitable for horizontal movement relative to the oil replenishing block.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, two limit plates are symmetrically fixed to the lower end of the fertilizer barrel, and a positioning sleeve is provided on the side wall of one of the limit plates, and the positioning sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the material wheel;

[0029] A bearing is arranged in the positioning sleeve, the inner ring of the bearing is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the bearing is close to the oil supply block.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, a limiting groove is respectively provided on the two side walls of the material trough, and the limiting groove is "L"-shaped;

[0031] A cleaning piece is arranged in the limiting groove, and two ends of the cleaning piece are respectively facing the inner wall of the protection sheet and the blanking piece;

[0032] When the protection sheet moves along the axial direction of the material wheel, it is suitable for squeezing one side of the cleaning piece so that the other side of the cleaning piece expands and deforms toward the inner wall of the lower material piece.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the length of the outer sleeve is greater than the length of the inner positioning column;

[0034] A positioning plate is sleeved on the inner positioning column near the oil pushing plate and is suitable for horizontal movement relative to the oil replenishing block.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the outer diameter of the positioning plate is greater than the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, wherein the outer sleeve abuts against the positioning plate, and the positioning plate is suitable for pushing the oil push plate to move into the oil supply block.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, an oil injection hole is opened on the side of the oil filling block close to the bearing, and a one-way membrane is arranged inside the oil filling hole. When the push plate moves toward the oil injection hole, the lubricating oil in the oil filling block is suitable to pass through the one-way membrane to be sprayed toward the bearing.

[0037] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a fertilization process of a fertilizer machine, including:

[0038] After the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer cylinder, the fertilizer in the fertilizer cylinder is quantitatively fed to the crops through the feeding piece;

[0039] The material wheel rotates circumferentially, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer cylinder is quantitatively transported to the material trough;

[0040] The cleaning and crushing device moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the trough;

[0041] When cleaning the closed trough of the crushing device, it is suitable for scraping off the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the feeding part.

[0042] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, in the high-heterogeneity soil fertilizer spreader and the fertilizer spreading process thereof, after the fertilizer is transported into the trough, the outer sleeve moves spirally toward the oil supply block to break the fertilizer agglomerated in the trough by setting the cleaning and crushing device. In the process of the protective sheet closing the trough, the cleaning piece is squeezed and deformed, and the cleaning piece rotates circumferentially with the material wheel to clean the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the lower material piece.

[0043] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, this article specifically cites preferred embodiments and provides detailed descriptions as follows in conjunction with the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a high-heterogeneity soil fertilizer spreader provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a feeder and a feed wheel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a material wheel and a cleaning and crushing device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0049] Figure 4 A longitudinal sectional perspective view of a material wheel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 5 A transverse cross-sectional perspective view of a material wheel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 6 A front view of the oil replenishing block and the inner positioning column provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] In the figure:

[0053] 1. Fertilizer barrel; 11. Limiting plate; 12. Positioning sleeve; 13. Positioning plate;

[0054] 2. Cutting parts;

[0055] 3. Material wheel; 30. Material trough; 31. Oil supply block; 32. Oil push plate; 33. Limiting groove;

[0056] 4. Cleaning and crushing device; 41. Positioning ring; 42. Protective sheet; 43. Crushing assembly; 44. Positioning block; 45. Outer sleeve; 46. Inner positioning column; 47. Stirring rod; 48. Cleaning piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] In this article, when it is mentioned that the first component is located on the second component, this may mean that the first component may be directly formed on the second component, or the third component may be interposed between the first component and the second component. In addition, in the drawings, in order to effectively describe the technical content, the thickness of the components may be exaggerated or reduced.

[0059] Herein, example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as "at least one of..." modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than modifying individual elements in the list. For example, the expression "at least one of a, b, and c" should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.

[0060] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific exemplary configurations and are not intended to be limited. As used herein, the singular articles "one", "an" and "the" may also be intended to include plural forms, unless it is clearly indicated above that this is not the case. The terms "comprise", "include" and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes and operations described herein should not be interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as an execution order. Additional or alternative steps may be adopted.

[0061] As used herein, the phrases "in one embodiment," "according to one embodiment," "in some embodiments," and the like generally refer to the fact that the particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in more than one embodiment of the present disclosure, so that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms "example," "exemplary," and the like are used to "serve as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as "example" or "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. On the contrary, the use of the terms "example," "exemplary," and the like is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0062] Research has found that the disadvantages of the existing technology are: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers will absorb water and clump during storage, and the clumps of fertilizers will affect the growth of crops, and in severe cases, the roots of crops will be burned. In addition, when fertilizing crops with a fertilizer spreader, some fertilizers will remain on the inner wall of the fertilizer spreader, and if not cleaned in time, the equipment will corrode; however, it is more troublesome to manually clean the fertilizers remaining on the inner wall of the feed port.

[0063] Therefore, how to avoid fertilizer agglomeration and clean the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the fertilizer spreader is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field.

[0064] The defects existing in the above solutions are the results obtained by the inventor after practice and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed by the present invention in this article for the above problems should be the contributions made by the inventor to the present invention during the disclosure process.

[0065] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0066] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0067] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, some embodiments provide a high heterogeneity soil fertilizer spreader, comprising:

[0068] The fertilizer barrel 1 is hollow inside; the fertilizer barrel 1 is suitable for storing fertilizers, and further, a feeding port is provided on one side of the fertilizer barrel 1, and fertilizers are suitable for being fed into the fertilizer barrel 1 through the feeding port. When fertilizing, the fertilizer barrel 1 is arranged vertically, and the fertilizers in the fertilizer barrel 1 move downward through the feeding member 2 under the action of gravity. The feeding member 2 is arranged at the feeding end of the fertilizer barrel 1, and the fertilizers are suitable for flowing downward through the feeding member 2; a sealing plate is slidably provided near the upper end of the fertilizer barrel 1, and is suitable for adjusting the opening and closing amplitude of the feeding section of the fertilizer barrel 1 to adjust the feeding speed of the fertilizer in the fertilizer barrel 1. The material wheel 3 is rotatably arranged in the feeding member 2, and a plurality of material grooves 30 are provided on the outer wall at equal intervals; the material wheel 3 is adapted to the feeding member 2, and the fertilizers in the fertilizer barrel 1 will not fall downward through the gap between the outer wall of the material wheel 3 and the inner wall of the feeding member 2. The cleaning and crushing device 4 is slidably arranged in the trough 30 and is suitable for closing the trough 30; wherein, when the trough 30 is in an open state, the fertilizer falls into the trough 30, and the cleaning and crushing device 4 moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the trough 30; when the cleaning and crushing device 4 closes the trough 30, it is suitable for scraping off the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the lower material part 2. This prevents the residual fertilizer from corroding the inner wall of the lower material part 2. Through the arrangement of the cleaning and crushing device 4, after the fertilizer is transported into the trough 30, the outer sleeve 45 moves spirally toward the oil replenishing block 31 to crush the fertilizer agglomerated in the trough 30. In the process of the protective sheet 42 closing the trough 30, the cleaning piece 48 is squeezed and deformed, and the cleaning piece 48 rotates circumferentially with the material wheel 3 to clean the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the lower material part 2.

[0069] Reference Figure 3 The cleaning and crushing device 4 includes: a positioning ring 41, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the material wheel 3; the length of the material wheel 3 is greater than the width of the material blanking piece 2, the positioning ring 41 is slidably arranged at the material wheel 3 located outside the positioning ring 41, and the positioning ring 41 is suitable for approaching or moving away from the material blanking piece 2; preferably, the positioning ring 41 can be manually pushed to move horizontally back and forth, and optionally, a driving member is arranged on the side wall of the limit plate 11, and the driving member is suitable for driving the positioning ring 41 to move horizontally back and forth. A protective sheet 42 is arranged on the side wall of the positioning ring 41 and extends axially along the material wheel 3, and one protective sheet 42 corresponds to one material trough 30; the protective sheet 42 is in an arc shape, and the outer diameter of the protective sheet 42 is not greater than the outer diameter of the material wheel 3. When the positioning ring 41 pushes the protective sheet 42 to slide along the axial direction of the material wheel 3, the material wheel 3 rotates synchronously, and the material wheel 3 is suitable for driving the protective sheet 42 to rotate in the material blanking piece 2. The crushing assembly 43 has one end arranged on the inner wall of the protection sheet 42, and the other end arranged on the inner wall of the trough 30 away from the positioning ring 41; wherein the positioning ring 41 slides axially along the material wheel 3, and the protection sheet 42 is suitable for closing the trough 30; in the process of closing the trough 30, the protection sheet 42 pushes the outer sleeve 45 of the crushing assembly 43 to rotate, so as to crush the agglomerated fertilizer in the trough 30 and between the protection sheet 42.

[0070] Reference Figure 3 The crushing assembly 43 includes: a positioning block 44, which is arranged on the inner wall of the protection sheet 42 and extends along the radial direction of the material wheel 3; an outer sleeve 45, which is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the positioning block 44; the outer sleeve 45 is suitable for circumferential rotation relative to the positioning block 44, and when the protection sheet 42 closes the material trough 30, the positioning block 44 pushes the outer sleeve 45 to make it circumferentially rotate relative to the inner positioning column 46; a plurality of stirring rods 47, which are arranged on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 45; when the outer sleeve 45 rotates circumferentially, the plurality of stirring rods 47 rotate synchronously, and the stirring rods 47 are suitable for crushing the fertilizer agglomerated between the protection sheet 42 and the material trough 30. The inner positioning column 46 is slidably arranged in the outer sleeve 45 and extends axially along the material wheel 3; when the protection sheet 42 pushes the outer sleeve 45 to move in the direction of the inner positioning column 46, at this time, the inner positioning column 46 remains stationary, and the outer sleeve 45 moves horizontally relative to the inner positioning column 46 and rotates circumferentially. When the outer sleeve 45 moves toward the inner positioning post 46 , the outer sleeve 45 is adapted to rotate circumferentially relative to the inner positioning post 46 .

[0071] Furthermore, in order to realize the circumferential rotation of the outer sleeve 45 relative to the inner positioning column 46, a protrusion is fixed to the outer wall of one end of the inner positioning column 46 close to the outer sleeve 45; the inner wall of the outer sleeve 45 is provided with a spiral groove adapted to the protrusion, and the protrusion is suitable for sliding in the spiral groove; wherein, when the protective sheet 42 pushes the outer sleeve 45 to move toward the inner positioning column 46, the protrusion is suitable for pushing the outer sleeve 45 to rotate circumferentially.

[0072] Reference Figure 3 , an oil supply block 31 is arranged on the inner wall of the side of the material trough 30 away from the positioning ring 41, the inside of the oil supply block 31 is hollow, and an oil push plate 32 is slidably arranged inside it; an oil delivery hole is provided on the side of the oil supply block 31 close to the outer sleeve 45, and a sealing plug is arranged in the oil delivery hole, through which lubricating oil is suitable for being transported into the oil supply block 31; when the oil push plate 32 moves in the oil supply block 31 in the direction away from the outer sleeve 45, the lubricating oil in the oil supply block 31 is suitable for being pushed to flow to the bearing. The inner positioning column 46 is arranged on the side wall of the oil push plate 32, and is suitable for horizontal movement relative to the oil supply block 31. The length of the outer sleeve 45 is greater than the length of the inner positioning column 46; the inner positioning column 46 is sleeved with a positioning plate 13 near the oil push plate 32, and the positioning plate 13 is slidably sealed with the oil supply block 31, which is suitable for horizontal movement relative to the oil supply block 31. When the outer sleeve 45 moves toward the oil supply block 31 and the inner positioning column 46 is completely inserted into the outer sleeve 45, the end of the outer sleeve 45 is suitable for abutting against the positioning plate 13, and the outer sleeve 45 pushes the positioning plate 13 to move horizontally. The positioning plate 13 moves horizontally into the oil supply block 31 to drive the oil push plate 32 to move horizontally synchronously.

[0073] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the positioning plate 13 is greater than the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 45 , wherein the outer sleeve 45 abuts against the positioning plate 13 , and the positioning plate 13 is suitable for pushing the oil pushing plate 32 to move into the oil supply block 31 .

[0074] Reference Figure 6 The oil supply block 31 is provided with an oil injection hole on one side close to the bearing, and a one-way membrane is arranged inside the oil supply block 31. When the oil push plate 32 moves toward the oil injection hole, the lubricating oil in the oil supply block 31 is suitable to pass through the one-way membrane to be sprayed toward the bearing. When the positioning plate 13 is pushed by the outer sleeve 45 to move into the oil supply block, the positioning plate 13 drives the oil push plate 32 to move inward, and the oil push plate 32 is suitable to squeeze the lubricating oil in the oil supply block 31, so that the grease is sprayed toward the bearing through the oil injection hole.

[0075] Reference Figure 1 Two limit plates 11 are symmetrically fixed to the lower end of the fertilizer barrel 1, and a positioning sleeve 12 is provided on the side wall of one of the limit plates 11, and the positioning sleeve 12 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the material wheel 3; a bearing is provided in the positioning sleeve 12, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the bearing is close to the oil filling block 31.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 , a limiting groove 33 is respectively provided on both side walls of the material trough 30, and the limiting groove 33 is in an "L" shape; one opening at both ends of the limiting groove 33 faces the protective sheet 42, and the other faces the inner wall of the lower material part 2. A cleaning piece 48 is arranged in the limiting groove 33, and the two ends of the cleaning piece 48 face the protective sheet 42 and the inner wall of the lower material part 2 respectively; the cleaning piece 48 is a flexible piece; wherein, when the protective sheet 42 moves along the axial direction of the material wheel 3, it is suitable for squeezing one side of the cleaning piece 48, so that the other side of the cleaning piece 48 expands and deforms toward the inner wall direction of the lower material part 2. At this time, when the material wheel 3 rotates in the lower material part 2, the squeezed and expanded cleaning piece 48 is suitable for scraping off the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the lower material part 2.

[0077] Some embodiments provide a fertilization process of a fertilizer spreader, comprising:

[0078] After the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer cylinder 1, the fertilizer in the fertilizer cylinder 1 is quantitatively fed to the crop through the feeding member 2;

[0079] The material wheel 3 rotates circumferentially, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer cylinder 1 is suitable for quantitative delivery to the material trough 30;

[0080] The cleaning and crushing device 4 moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the trough 30;

[0081] When the cleaning and crushing device 4 closes the trough 30 , it is suitable for scraping off the fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the unloading member 2 .

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply an order or sequence when used in this document unless explicitly indicated above. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed above may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section.

[0084] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader, characterized in that: include: A fertilizer cylinder (1) having a hollow interior; A feeding member (2) is arranged at the feeding end of the fertilizer barrel (1), and the fertilizer is suitable for flowing downward through the feeding member (2); A material wheel (3) is rotatably disposed in the material discharge member (2), and a plurality of material grooves (30) are formed on the outer wall at equal intervals; A cleaning and crushing device (4) which is slidably disposed in the trough (30) and is suitable for closing the trough (30); After the fertilizer falls into the trough (30), the cleaning and crushing device (4) moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the trough (30); When the cleaning and crushing device (4) closes the trough (30), it is suitable for scraping away fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the lower material part (2); The two side walls of the material trough (30) are respectively provided with a limiting groove (33), and the limiting groove (33) is in an "L" shape; A cleaning piece (48) is disposed in the limiting groove (33), and two ends of the cleaning piece (48) are respectively directed toward the inner wall of the protective sheet (42) and the blanking piece (2); Wherein, when the protective sheet (42) moves axially along the material wheel (3), it is suitable for squeezing one side of the cleaning piece (48) so that the other side of the cleaning piece (48) expands and deforms toward the inner wall of the lower material piece (2); The cleaning and crushing device (4) comprises: a positioning ring (41) which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the material wheel (3); A protective sheet (42) is arranged on a side wall of the positioning ring (41) and extends axially along the material wheel (3), with one protective sheet (42) corresponding to one material trough (30); A crushing assembly (43), one end of which is arranged on the inner wall of the protection sheet (42) and the other end of which is arranged on the side wall of the trough (30); Wherein, when the positioning ring (41) slides axially along the material wheel (3), the protection sheet (42) is suitable for closing the material trough (30); The protective sheet (42) drives the outer sleeve (45) of the crushing assembly (43) to rotate, so as to crush the fertilizer agglomerated in the trough (30); The crushing assembly (43) comprises: a positioning block (44) arranged on the inner wall of the protection sheet (42); An outer sleeve (45) rotatably disposed on a side wall of the positioning block (44); A plurality of stirring rods (47) disposed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (45); An inner positioning column (46) is slidably disposed in the outer sleeve (45) and extends axially along the material wheel (3); When the outer sleeve (45) moves toward the inner positioning column (46), the outer sleeve (45) is adapted to rotate circumferentially relative to the inner positioning column (46).

2. The highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion is fixed to the outer wall of one end of the inner positioning column (46) close to the outer sleeve (45); The inner wall of the outer sleeve (45) is provided with a spiral groove matched with the protrusion, wherein when the outer sleeve (45) moves towards the inner positioning column (46), the protrusion is suitable for pushing the outer sleeve (45) to rotate in a circumferential direction.

3. The highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 2, characterized in that: An oil supply block (31) is provided on the inner wall of the material trough (30) at a side away from the positioning ring (41); the oil supply block (31) is hollow inside and has an oil pushing plate (32) slidably provided inside; The inner positioning column (46) is arranged on the side wall of the oil pushing plate (32) and is suitable for horizontal movement relative to the oil replenishing block (31).

4. The highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two limit plates (11) are symmetrically fixed to the lower end of the fertilizer cylinder (1), wherein a side wall of one of the limit plates (11) is provided with a positioning sleeve (12), and the positioning sleeve (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the material wheel (3); A bearing is disposed inside the positioning sleeve (12), the inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the bearing is close to the oil supply block (31).

5. The highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the outer sleeve (45) is greater than the length of the inner positioning column; A positioning plate (13) is sleeved on the inner positioning column near the oil pushing plate (32) and is suitable for horizontal movement relative to the oil replenishing block (31).

6. The highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the positioning plate (13) is greater than the outer diameter of the outer sleeve (45), wherein the outer sleeve (45) abuts against the positioning plate (13), and the positioning plate (13) is suitable for pushing the oil push plate (32) to move into the oil supply block (31).

7. The highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil supply block (31) is provided with an oil spray hole on one side close to the bearing, and a one-way membrane is arranged inside the oil supply hole. When the oil push plate (32) moves toward the oil spray hole, the lubricating oil in the oil supply block (31) is suitable for passing through the one-way membrane to be sprayed toward the bearing.

8. A fertilization process, characterized in that: A highly heterogeneous soil fertilizer spreader as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, and comprises: After the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer barrel (1), the fertilizer in the fertilizer barrel (1) is quantitatively fed to the crop through the feeding member (2); The material wheel (3) rotates in a circumferential direction, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer cylinder (1) is suitable for quantitatively conveying to the material trough (30); The cleaning and crushing device (4) moves horizontally to crush the fertilizer in the trough (30); When the cleaning and crushing device (4) closes the trough (30), it is suitable for scraping away fertilizer remaining on the inner wall of the lower material part (2).

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