A device and method for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive waste water

Abstract

The application discloses a device and method for removing radioactive elements in associated radioactive wastewater, which comprises a reactor inner cylinder arranged in the inner cavity of a reactor outer cylinder, the central axis of the reactor outer cylinder and the reactor inner cylinder are located on the same line, the top of the reactor outer cylinder is provided with a seed loading port, the seed loading port is communicated with the top of the reactor inner cylinder, the bottom of the reactor inner cylinder is constructed with a circulating regeneration reactor, a plurality of circulating water inlets are arranged on the circulating regeneration reactor, a seed discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the circulating regeneration reactor, the seed discharge port extends out of the bottom of the reactor outer cylinder, water inlets and medicine inlets are arranged on the two sides above the circulating regeneration reactor, the water inlets and the medicine inlets are communicated with the circulating regeneration reactor, and a water outlet is arranged on the upper side of the reactor outer cylinder. The radioactive elements in the wastewater can be efficiently removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of associated radioactive wastewater treatment technology, specifically to an apparatus and method for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Associated radioactive wastewater refers to wastewater generated during the development and utilization of associated minerals, where the activity concentration of radionuclides exceeds the emission limits stipulated by national standards for radioactive pollution prevention and control. Currently, environmental protection efforts regarding associated radioactive wastewater are receiving increasing attention. How to achieve efficient removal of radioactive elements from water bodies has become a key focus of attention. As a relatively unfamiliar sub-field, its current treatment rate is severely insufficient due to technological limitations.

[0003] Currently, commonly used treatment methods include chemical precipitation, physical remediation, and ion exchange. Among these, chemical precipitation is the most widely used. Its basic principle is to add a precipitant, primarily a chemical flocculant, to the radioactive wastewater, allowing it to react chemically with the radioactive nuclides in the solution to form insoluble salts, thereby removing the radioactive elements. This method is highly economical, adaptable, and feasible. However, due to difficulties in separation, insignificant effectiveness in treating wastewater with low levels of associated radioactivity, and the potential for secondary pollution, it is only used for pretreatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater, which enables efficient removal of radioactive elements from wastewater.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater includes an inner reactor cylinder 9, which is disposed within the inner cavity of an outer reactor cylinder 8. The central axes of the outer reactor cylinder 8 and the inner reactor cylinder 9 are aligned. A seed crystal filling port 19 is provided at the top of the outer reactor cylinder 8 and communicates with the top of the inner reactor cylinder 9. A circulating regeneration reactor 10 is constructed at the bottom of the inner reactor cylinder 9. The circulating regeneration reactor 10 is provided with a plurality of circulating water inlets 16. A crystal discharge port 4 is opened at the bottom of the circulating regeneration reactor 10 and extends out of the bottom of the outer reactor cylinder 8. Water inlets 1 and chemical inlets 2 are provided on both sides above the circulating regeneration reactor 10 and communicate with the circulating regeneration reactor 10. An outlet 3 is provided on the upper side of the outer reactor cylinder 8.

[0007] The circulating regeneration reactor 10 is constructed as a hollow cylindrical shape. The circulating regeneration reactor 10 includes a first section 101 and a second section 102. The first section 101 is close to the seed filling port 19 and is a cylinder with a constant diameter. The second section 102 is connected to the first section 101. The diameter of the second section 102 gradually decreases along the direction away from the first section 101. The circulating water inlet 16 is located in the first section 101.

[0008] The circulating water inlet 16 is evenly arranged along the periphery of the first section 101.

[0009] A circulating regeneration water distributor 12 is constructed between the circulating regeneration reactor 10 and the reactor inner cylinder 9, and a circulating regeneration driver 11 is provided at the central axis of the circulating regeneration water distributor 12.

[0010] The reactor inner cylinder 9 is equipped with a circulating regeneration flow stabilizer 13, which is located above the circulating regeneration water distributor 12.

[0011] The inner cylinder 9 of the reactor is also provided with a seed crystal circulation outlet 5, and a connecting pipe is provided on the seed crystal circulation outlet 5 to pass through the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor.

[0012] The bottom of the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor also includes a circulating regeneration crystal storage zone 18, which is a cavity that encloses the second section 102. A cyclone stirrer 17 is provided in the circulating regeneration crystal storage zone 18, and a regenerator inlet 7 and a seed crystal circulation regeneration inlet 6 are provided on the circulating regeneration crystal storage zone 18.

[0013] A water outlet weir 15 is provided above the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor. The water outlet weir 15 is located on the side of the water outlet 3 away from the seed crystal filling port 19. A multi-directional flow sedimentation separation packing 14 is provided below the water outlet weir 15. The multi-directional flow separation packing 14 is located between the water outlet 3 and the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor.

[0014] A method of using an apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater includes the following steps;

[0015] After the associated radioactive wastewater is added, a large-flow regeneration cycle is formed under the drive of the regeneration drive 11, from the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor to the regeneration reactor 10, then to the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor, and then back to the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor. The circulation flow enters the regeneration reactor 10 through the circulation inlet 16. The wastewater to be treated and the reaction reagents are pumped into the regeneration reactor 10 through the inlet 1 and the reagent inlet 2. The seed crystals that need to be regenerated and recycled enter the outer cylinder reactor through the flow channel at the bottom of the outer cylinder reactor. The various materials complete the comprehensive reaction process of mixing, regeneration, screening, continuous reaction, water distribution, and flow stabilization in the regeneration reactor 10.

[0016] The circulating material enters the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor after passing through the swirl regeneration water distributor and the circulating regeneration flow stabilizer 13 at the top of the reactor. The inner cylinder 9 of the reactor is pre-filled with special crystal seeds through the crystal seed filling port 19. The circulating water from the circulating regeneration reactor 10 and the added crystal seeds form a suspended fluidized bed reaction inside the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor.

[0017] The height of the suspended bed is not less than 0.6m and not more than 3m. The water effluent from the seed bed in the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor carries a large number of fine seeds. Most of them circulate downward along the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor and re-enter the swirl reactor and the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor through the swirl inlet for cyclic reaction.

[0018] A small amount of effluent from the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor flows upward into the multi-directional flow sedimentation separation layer at the top of the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor, completing the clarification and separation of sludge and water. Most of the fine suspended solids in the seed crystals are settled and intercepted, returning to the vortex reactor along the outer cylinder reactor. The clear water continues to flow upward and is evenly discharged from the system through the outlet 3. The fine seed crystal sludge settles under hydraulic guidance and enters the interlayer between the inner cylinder 9 and the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor to continue the circulation reaction, thereby completing the sedimentation of radioactive elements on the seed crystals, enabling the efficient removal of radioactive elements from the wastewater.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] This invention enables the efficient collection of radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater.

[0021] This invention enables clogging-free swirling water distribution and hydraulically stable flow arrangement. By simulating the flow pattern design, uniform water distribution is achieved, forming a stable fluidized bed reactor in the inner cylinder reactor. This allows for the uniform mixing of associated radioactive wastewater with seed crystals and reagents, enabling the efficient removal of radioactive elements from the wastewater. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the invention. Attached image description:

[0024] 1. Water inlet; 2. Chemical inlet; 3. Water outlet; 4. Crystal discharge port; 5. Seed crystal circulation outlet; 6. Seed crystal circulation regeneration inlet; 7. Regenerant inlet; 8. Outer cylinder of reactor; 9. Inner cylinder of reactor; 10. Circulating regeneration reactor; 101. First stage; 102. Second stage; 11. Circulating regeneration actuator; 12. Circulating regeneration water distributor; 13. Circulating regeneration flow stabilizer; 14. Multi-directional flow sedimentation separation packing; 15. Effluent weir; 16. Circulating water inlet; 17. Cyclone mixer; 18. Circulating regeneration crystal storage area; 19. Seed crystal filling port. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater, including an inlet 1, a chemical inlet 2, an outlet 3, an outer reactor cylinder 8, an inner reactor cylinder 9, a circulation regeneration driver 11, a circulation regeneration water distributor 12, a circulation regeneration flow stabilizer 13, and an outlet weir 15. The inner reactor cylinder 9 is located inside the outer reactor cylinder 8, and the central axes of the outer reactor cylinder 8 and the inner reactor cylinder 9 are on the same line. A seed crystal filling port 19 is provided at the top of the outer reactor cylinder 8, and the seed crystal filling port 19 is connected to the inner reactor cylinder 9. A circulation regeneration reactor 10 is constructed at the bottom of the inner reactor cylinder 9. A plurality of circulation inlets 16 are constructed on the circulation regeneration reactor 10. The circulation regeneration reactor 10 has a crystal discharge port 4, which extends out of the outer reactor cylinder 8. The inlet 1 and the chemical inlet 2 are connected to the circulation regeneration reactor 10, and the outlet 3 is located on the outer shell of the reactor.

[0027] After the associated radioactive wastewater is added, a high-flow-rate regeneration cycle is formed under the drive of the regeneration drive 11, from the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor to the regeneration reactor 10, then to the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor, and back to the outer cylinder 8. The circulating flow enters the regeneration reactor 10 through the circulating inlet 16. The wastewater to be treated and the reaction reagents are pumped into the regeneration reactor 10 through the inlet 1 and the reagent inlet 2. The seed crystals to be used for regeneration enter the outer cylinder reactor through the flow channel at the bottom of the outer cylinder reactor. The various materials complete a comprehensive reaction process such as mixing, regeneration, screening, continuous reaction, water distribution, and flow stabilization within the regeneration reactor 10. The circulating material enters the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor after passing through the swirl regeneration water distributor and the regeneration flow stabilizer 13 at the top of the reactor. The inner cylinder 9 of the reactor is pre-filled with special seed crystals through the seed filling port 19. The circulating flow from the regeneration reactor 10... The circulating water and added seed crystals form a suspended fluidized bed reaction inside the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor. The height of the suspended bed is not less than 0.6m and not more than 3m. The effluent from the seed crystal bed in the inner cylinder 9 carries a large number of fine seed crystals. Most of them circulate downwards along the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor and re-enter the cyclone reactor and the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor through the cyclone inlet for circulation reaction. A small amount of effluent from the inner cylinder 9 enters the multi-directional flow sedimentation separation layer at the top of the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor to complete the clarification and separation of sludge and water. Most of the fine suspended solids in the seed crystals are settled and intercepted, returning to the cyclone reactor along the outer cylinder reactor. The clear water continues to flow upwards and is evenly discharged from the system through the outlet 3. The fine seed crystal sludge settles under hydraulic guidance and enters the interlayer between the inner cylinder 9 and the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor to continue the circulation reaction, thereby completing the sedimentation of radioactive elements on the seed crystals, so that radioactive elements in wastewater can be removed efficiently.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the circulating regeneration reactor 10 is constructed as a hollow cylinder. The circulating regeneration reactor 10 includes a first section 101 and a second section 102. The first section 101 is close to the seed filling port 19 and is constructed as a cylinder with a constant diameter. The second section 102 is connected to the first section 101. The diameter of the second section 102 gradually decreases along the direction away from the first section 101. The circulating water inlet 16 is opened in the first section 101.

[0029] As an optional implementation, the circulating water inlet 16 is evenly arranged along the circumference of the first section 101. This facilitates the uniform entry of water, enabling it to mix evenly with the reagent and accelerating the crystallization reaction.

[0030] As an optional implementation, a circulating regeneration water distributor 12 is constructed between the circulating regeneration reactor 10 and the reactor inner cylinder 9, and a circulating regeneration drive 11 is provided at the central axis of the circulating regeneration water distributor 12. This facilitates enhanced mixing and reaction between the associated radioactive wastewater and the reagents, thereby making it easier for the radioactive materials to settle.

[0031] As an optional implementation, a circulating regeneration stabilizer 13 is constructed in the inner cylinder 9 of the reactor. A seed crystal circulation outlet 5 is also provided on the inner cylinder 9, and a connecting pipe extends through the outer cylinder 8 of the reactor to the seed crystal circulation outlet 5. This integrated system achieves a comprehensive reaction process including mixing of various materials, regeneration and revival of seed crystals, sieving and discharging of seed crystals, continuous crystallization reaction, uniform swirling water distribution, and flow stabilization by the guiding packing, enabling adjustable high-flow-rate circulation.

[0032] As an optional implementation, the system also includes an outlet weir 15, which is located on the side of the outlet 3 away from the seed crystal filling port 19. It also includes a multi-directional flow sedimentation separation packing 14, which is disposed between the outlet 3 and the reactor inner cylinder 9. The outlet weir 15 allows clear water to continue flowing upwards evenly, thus facilitating collection within the outlet weir 15.

[0033] As an optional implementation, it also includes a regenerating crystal storage zone 18, which is constructed as a cavity enclosing the second section 102. A vortex mixer 17 is provided in the regenerating crystal storage zone 18, and the regenerating crystal storage zone 18 has a regenerator inlet 7 and a seed crystal recycling inlet 6 to facilitate the regeneration of the seed crystal.

[0034] A method of using an apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater includes the following steps;

[0035] A: Add seed crystals in advance through seed filling port 19;

[0036] B: The associated radioactive wastewater and the reagent used to precipitate radioactive elements are introduced into the circulating regeneration reactor 10 through inlet 1;

[0037] C: Adjust the influent flow rate and chemical concentration according to the concentration of radioactive elements in the associated radioactive wastewater. When the concentration of radioactive elements in the influent is high, the influent flow rate increases, and vice versa. The chemical concentration also increases with the increase of the influent flow rate and decreases with the decrease of the influent flow rate.

[0038] D: Excess seed crystals are discharged through the crystal discharge port 4.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the reagent in step B is composed of one or more of the following: sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, and sodium sulfate. In this embodiment, the associated radioactive wastewater contains radioactive uranium, and the reagent is composed of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, with a sodium hydroxide to sodium carbonate ratio of 2:1.

Claims

1. A device for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater, characterized in that, The reactor includes an inner cylinder (9), which is located inside the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor. The central axes of the outer cylinder (8) and the inner cylinder (9) are on the same line. A seed filling port (19) is provided at the top of the outer cylinder (8), which is connected to the top of the inner cylinder (9). A circulating regeneration reactor (10) is constructed at the bottom of the inner cylinder (9). A plurality of circulating water inlets (16) are provided on the circulating regeneration reactor (10). A crystal discharge port (4) is opened at the bottom of the circulating regeneration reactor (10), which extends out of the bottom of the outer cylinder (8). A water inlet (1) and a chemical inlet (2) are provided on both sides above the circulating regeneration reactor (10), which are connected to the circulating regeneration reactor (10). A water outlet (3) is provided on the upper side of the outer cylinder (8). The circulating regeneration reactor (10) is constructed as a hollow cylinder. The circulating regeneration reactor (10) includes a first section (101) and a second section (102). The first section (101) is close to the seed filling port (19) and is a cylinder with a constant diameter. The second section (102) is connected to the first section (101). The diameter of the second section (102) gradually decreases along the direction away from the first section (101). The circulating water inlet (16) is located in the first section (101). A circulating regeneration water distributor (12) is constructed between the circulating regeneration reactor (10) and the reactor inner cylinder (9), and a circulating regeneration driver (11) is provided at the central axis of the circulating regeneration water distributor (12). The reactor inner cylinder (9) is equipped with a circulating regeneration stabilizer (13), which is located above the circulating regeneration water distributor (12). The inner cylinder (9) of the reactor is also provided with a seed circulation outlet (5), and a connecting pipe is provided on the seed circulation outlet (5) to pass through the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor. The bottom of the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor also includes a circulating regeneration crystal storage area (18), which is a cavity that encloses the second section (102). A cyclone stirrer (17) is provided in the circulating regeneration crystal storage area (18), and a regenerator inlet (7) and a seed crystal circulation regeneration inlet (6) are provided on the circulating regeneration crystal storage area (18).

2. The apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating water inlet (16) is evenly arranged around the first section (101).

3. The apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water outlet weir (15) is provided above the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor. The water outlet weir (15) is located on the side of the outlet (3) away from the seed filling port (19). A multi-directional flow sedimentation separation packing (14) is provided below the water outlet weir (15). The multi-directional flow sedimentation separation packing (14) is located between the outlet (3) and the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor.

4. The method of using the apparatus for removing radioactive elements from associated radioactive wastewater according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; After the associated radioactive wastewater is added, a large-flow regeneration cycle is formed under the drive of the regeneration drive (11), from the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor to the regeneration reactor (10), then to the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor, and then back to the outer cylinder (8). The circulation flow enters the regeneration reactor (10) through the circulation inlet (16). The wastewater to be treated and the reaction reagents are pumped into the regeneration reactor (10) through the inlet (1) and the reagent inlet (2). The seed crystals that need to be used for regeneration enter the outer cylinder reactor through the flow channel at the bottom of the outer cylinder (8). The materials complete the comprehensive reaction process of mixing, regeneration, screening, continuous reaction, water distribution, and flow stabilization in the regeneration reactor (10). The circulating material enters the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor after passing through the swirl regeneration water distributor and the circulating regeneration flow stabilizer (13) at the top of the reactor. The inner cylinder (9) of the reactor is pre-filled with special crystal seeds through the seed filling port (19). The circulating water from the circulating regeneration reactor (10) and the added crystal seeds form a suspended fluidized bed reaction inside the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor. The height of the suspended bed is not less than 0.6m and not more than 3m. The water effluent from the seed bed in the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor carries a large number of fine seeds. Most of them circulate downward along the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor and re-enter the swirl reactor and the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor through the swirl inlet for cyclic reaction. A small amount of water from the inner cylinder (9) of the reactor flows upward into the multi-directional flow sedimentation separation layer at the top of the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor, completing the clarification and separation of mud and water. Most of the fine suspended solids of the seed crystals are settled and intercepted, returning to the vortex reactor along the outer cylinder reactor. The clear water continues to flow upward and is evenly discharged from the system through the outlet (3). The fine seed crystal sludge settles into the interlayer between the inner cylinder (9) and the outer cylinder (8) of the reactor under hydraulic guidance to continue the cycle reaction, thereby completing the sedimentation of radioactive elements on the seed crystals, so that radioactive elements in the wastewater can be removed efficiently.

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