Real-time quality control methods, devices and systems, electronic equipment and storage media for seismic acquisition data

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a method, apparatus, system, electronic device, and storage medium for real-time quality control of seismic acquisition data. The method includes: acquiring single-shot seismic data; obtaining the receiver line number for each channel from the channel header of the single-shot seismic data; grouping seismic data channels with the same receiver line number into an array; calculating and comparing the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot with corresponding preset thresholds, using the array as a unit; in response to any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, determining adjustment factors for the seismic acquisition process based on the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold; and by calculating the real-time quality control results of single shots at the wired instrument seismic acquisition site, analyzing the quality of single-shot seismic acquisition data based on the real-time quality control results, promptly identifying problematic shots in the field, and greatly reducing the number of subsequent re-shots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of quality control technology for wired seismic acquisition in oil and gas exploration, and in particular to a method, device and system, electronic equipment and storage medium for real-time quality control of seismic acquisition data. Background Technology

[0002] With the promotion of efficient seismic acquisition and the improvement of wired instrument carrying capabilities, the amount of single-shot data received by seismic acquisition is increasing, and the daily efficiency is also increasing. In order to perform quality control on the recorded single-shot data in a timely manner and reduce the number of subsequent shots, real-time quality control of seismic acquisition is necessary.

[0003] In related technologies, real-time quality control of seismic acquisition mainly involves controlling the quality of individual shot records and identifying anomalies. Problems are promptly flagged and alerted to the instrument operator for handling. The data volume of a single shot in a 3D seismic acquisition is typically several hundred MB. Data is transmitted from the instrument host to a quality control machine via a wired network for quality control. The quality control results are stored on the quality control machine. Because data transmission is wired, the quality control results can only be viewed on the instrument itself.

[0004] With the development of mobile network technology, most seismic exploration areas have mobile network signals, which makes long-distance data transmission possible. However, due to the relatively slow transmission speed of mobile networks, it is impossible to complete the transmission of hundreds of MB of single-shot data in a few seconds. How to achieve remote real-time quality control of seismic acquisition data has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address or at least partially address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method, apparatus, system, electronic device, and storage medium for real-time quality control of seismic acquisition data.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquire single-shot seismic data, and obtain the receiver line number for each track from the track header of the single-shot seismic data;

[0008] Seismic data channels with the same receiver line number are arranged as a permutation. The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot are calculated on a permutation basis.

[0009] The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively;

[0010] If any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeds a preset threshold, the adjustment factors for the seismic acquisition process are determined based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the calculation of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of a single shot on a per-arc basis includes:

[0012] Calculate the weighting coefficients for each permutation;

[0013] The energy characteristic value of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients and energy values ​​of each permutation;

[0014] The frequency characteristic value of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients, dominant frequency, and bandwidth of each permutation;

[0015] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value of a single gun are determined based on the weighting coefficients, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and ambient noise for each permutation.

[0016] The main frequency is obtained through the following steps:

[0017] Transform a single arrangement of time-domain data into frequency-domain data;

[0018] Plot a spectrum curve with frequency on the horizontal axis and amplitude on the vertical axis based on the frequency domain data;

[0019] The frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude in the spectrum curve is taken as the dominant frequency of a single arrangement.

[0020] The bandwidth is obtained through the following steps:

[0021] Determine the two frequency values ​​corresponding to the preset proportion of the maximum amplitude in the spectrum curve;

[0022] The absolute value of the difference between two frequency values ​​is taken as the bandwidth.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the weighting coefficients for each permutation are calculated using the following expression:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, R i Let X be the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. Max X is the minimum offset among the longest offsets of a single gun. i R is the minimum offset distance in the i-th permutation. i The value ranges from 0 to 1.

[0026] The energy characteristic value of a single gun is determined using the following expression, based on the weighting coefficients and energy values ​​for each permutation:

[0027]

[0028] Where E is the energy characteristic value of a single gun, R i E is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. i Let N be the energy value of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

[0029] In one possible implementation, determining the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors based on feature values ​​exceeding a preset threshold includes:

[0030] The characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold is the energy characteristic value of a single shot, and the adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is the seismic excitation factor.

[0031] In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the frequency characteristic value, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor is a factor used to analyze single-shot record anomalies in conjunction with the seismic record profile.

[0032] The signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value is the feature value that exceeds the preset threshold, and the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process are the excitation and reception factors of a single shot;

[0033] The characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold is the environmental noise characteristic value; the adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is the current environmental noise exceeding the standard factor in the work area.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0035] Calculate the noise path characteristic value, abnormal path characteristic value, and shot deviation analysis characteristic value for a single shot;

[0036] The noise path characteristic value, the abnormal path characteristic value, and the shot deviation analysis characteristic value are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively;

[0037] If any one of the noise trace characteristic value, abnormal trace characteristic value, and shot deviation analysis characteristic value exceeds a preset threshold, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors are determined based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold.

[0038] In one possible implementation, determining the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors based on feature values ​​exceeding a preset threshold includes:

[0039] In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the noise channel characteristic value of a single shot, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor is the noise factor at the location of the receiver point in the current work area;

[0040] In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the abnormal trace characteristic value, the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process are the geophone installation factors and the geophone's own device factors.

[0041] When a feature value exceeds a preset threshold, the feature value for shot offset analysis is used. The adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is to delete the current shot data and re-shoot.

[0042] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a real-time quality control system for seismic acquisition data, the system comprising:

[0043] The terminal is used to acquire single-shot seismic data, obtain the receiver line number of each channel from the channel header of the single-shot seismic data; arrange the seismic data channels with the same receiver line number as a permutation, calculate the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of the single shot on a permutation basis; and send the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of the single shot to the server.

[0044] On the server side, it receives and compares the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds. In response to any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, it determines the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor based on the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, returns the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor to the terminal, and in response to the data request from the display terminal, sends the characteristic values ​​exceeding the preset threshold and those not exceeding the preset threshold to the display terminal.

[0045] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a real-time quality control device for seismic acquisition data, comprising:

[0046] The acquisition module is used to acquire single-shot seismic data and obtain the receiver line number of each track from the track header of the single-shot seismic data.

[0047] The calculation module is used to arrange seismic data channels with the same receiver line number as a permutation, and calculate the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot on a permutation basis.

[0048] The comparison module is used to compare the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively;

[0049] The determination module is used to determine the adjustment factors of the seismic acquisition process based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold when any one of the characteristic values ​​of energy, frequency, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio, and environmental noise exceeds the preset threshold.

[0050] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0051] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0052] The processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements the aforementioned real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data.

[0053] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, provides the aforementioned real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided in this disclosure have at least some or all of the following advantages:

[0055] The real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data described in this embodiment acquires single-shot seismic data and obtains the receiver line number for each channel from the channel header of the single-shot seismic data. Seismic data channels with the same receiver line number are arranged as a permutation. Using the permutation as the unit, the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value for each single shot are calculated. The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value are compared with corresponding preset thresholds. In response to any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, [further steps are taken]. The preset threshold characteristic values ​​determine the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process. By calculating the real-time quality control results of a single shot at the wired seismic acquisition site—including energy characteristic values, frequency characteristic values, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic values, and environmental noise characteristic values—it is possible to quickly transmit the real-time quality control results of a single shot remotely to a server in a different location. The quality of the seismic acquisition single-shot data received by the server in real time can be analyzed and evaluated through the display terminal, allowing for the timely detection of problematic shots in the field and notification of the seismic acquisition site for rectification. This significantly reduces the number of shots required for subsequent re-shooting, avoids seismic acquisition accidents, and improves the quality and production efficiency of wired seismic acquisition data. Attached Figure Description

[0056] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0057] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0058] Figure 1 This illustration schematically shows a flowchart of a real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] Figure 2 The illustration schematically shows a spectrum obtained by transforming time-domain data of a single permutation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure into the frequency domain using an FFT.

[0060] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a real-time quality control system for seismic acquisition data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0061] Figure 4 This schematically illustrates a bar chart showing the data parsed and received by the display terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] Figure 5 This illustration schematically depicts an application diagram of a real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data according to embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0063] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0065] See Figure 1 The embodiments of this disclosure provide a real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data, the method comprising:

[0066] S1, acquire single-shot seismic data, and obtain the receiver line number of each track from the track head of the single-shot seismic data.

[0067] S2, seismic data channels with the same receiver line number are arranged as a permutation, and the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot are calculated on a permutation basis.

[0068] S3 compares the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds.

[0069] S4, in response to any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, determines the adjustment factors of the seismic acquisition process based on the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold.

[0070] In this embodiment, step S2, which calculates the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot on a per-arrangement basis, includes:

[0071] Calculate the weighting coefficients for each permutation;

[0072] The energy characteristic value of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients and energy values ​​of each permutation;

[0073] The frequency characteristic value of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients, the dominant frequency, and the bandwidth of each permutation, wherein the frequency characteristic value includes the dominant frequency and the bandwidth;

[0074] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value of a single gun are determined based on the weighting coefficients, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and ambient noise for each permutation.

[0075] The main frequency is obtained through the following steps:

[0076] Transform a single arrangement of time-domain data into frequency-domain data;

[0077] Plot a spectrum curve with frequency on the horizontal axis and amplitude on the vertical axis based on the frequency domain data;

[0078] The frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude in the spectrum curve is taken as the dominant frequency of a single arrangement.

[0079] The bandwidth is obtained through the following steps:

[0080] Determine the two frequency values ​​corresponding to the preset proportion of the maximum amplitude in the spectrum curve;

[0081] The absolute value of the difference between two frequency values ​​is taken as the bandwidth.

[0082] In some embodiments, the preset ratio may be 10%.

[0083] like Figure 2 As shown, the time-domain data of a single arrangement is transformed into the frequency domain using FFT, resulting in a spectrum. The horizontal axis represents frequency, the vertical axis represents amplitude, and the curve is the spectrum curve. The maximum value of the spectrum curve is the dominant frequency f of the single arrangement. d The bandwidth calculation expression is as follows:

[0084] f b =f h -f L

[0085] Among them, f b For the bandwidth of a single arrangement, f h For a single high cutoff frequency, f L The low cutoff frequency for a single arrangement.

[0086] In some embodiments, the main frequency of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients and main frequency of each permutation using the following expression:

[0087]

[0088] Where f1 is the main frequency of a single gun, R i f is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. di Let N be the dominant frequency of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

[0089] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients and bandwidth of each permutation using the following expression:

[0090]

[0091] Where f2 is the main frequency of a single gun, R i f is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. bi Let N be the bandwidth of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

[0092] In some embodiments, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristic value of a single gun is calculated using the following expression:

[0093]

[0094] Where SNR is the signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value of a single shot, R i SNR is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. i Let be the signal-to-noise ratio feature value of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

[0095] In some embodiments, the environmental noise characteristic value of a single gun is calculated using the following expression:

[0096]

[0097] Where Noise is the environmental noise characteristic value of a single cannon, R i Noise is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. i Let N be the environmental noise characteristic value of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

[0098] In this embodiment, in step S2, the weighting coefficient for each permutation is calculated using the following expression:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, R i Let X be the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. Max X is the minimum offset among the longest offsets of a single gun. i R is the minimum offset distance in the i-th permutation.i The value ranges from 0 to 1.

[0101] The energy characteristic value of a single gun is determined using the following expression, based on the weighting coefficients and energy values ​​for each permutation:

[0102]

[0103] Where E is the energy characteristic value of a single gun, R i E is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. i Let N be the energy value of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

[0104] In this embodiment, step S4, determining the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors based on feature values ​​exceeding a preset threshold, includes:

[0105] The characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold is the energy characteristic value of a single shot, and the adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is the seismic excitation factor.

[0106] In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the frequency characteristic value, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor is a factor used to analyze single-shot record anomalies in conjunction with the seismic record profile.

[0107] The signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value is the feature value that exceeds the preset threshold, and the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process are the excitation and reception factors of a single shot;

[0108] The characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold is the environmental noise characteristic value; the adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is the current environmental noise exceeding the standard factor in the work area.

[0109] In this embodiment, the method further includes:

[0110] Calculate the noise path characteristic value, abnormal path characteristic value, and shot deviation analysis characteristic value for a single shot;

[0111] The noise path characteristic value, the abnormal path characteristic value, and the shot deviation analysis characteristic value are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively;

[0112] If any one of the noise trace characteristic value, abnormal trace characteristic value, and shot deviation analysis characteristic value exceeds a preset threshold, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors are determined based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold.

[0113] In some embodiments, the noise channel characteristic value is calculated through the following steps:

[0114] Determine the number of noise channels in a single arrangement;

[0115] The number of noise channels in a single gun is obtained by adding the number of noise channels in each arrangement.

[0116] In some embodiments, the anomaly trace characteristic value is calculated through the following steps:

[0117] Determine the number of outliers in a single permutation;

[0118] The number of abnormal paths in a single shot is obtained by adding the number of abnormal paths in each arrangement, where the number of abnormal paths is used as the characteristic value of abnormal paths.

[0119] In some embodiments, the eigenvalues ​​for shot deviation analysis are calculated through the following steps:

[0120] The number of abnormal traces in the shot deviation analysis of all the permutations is added together to obtain the number of abnormal traces in the shot deviation analysis of a single shot. The ratio of the number of abnormal traces in the shot deviation analysis of a single shot is obtained by dividing the number of abnormal traces in the shot deviation analysis of a single shot by the number of data traces in a single shot.

[0121] When the ratio of abnormal traces in the shot deviation analysis exceeds a preset threshold, the shot deviation analysis is determined to be abnormal.

[0122] If the ratio of abnormal traces in the shot deviation analysis is less than or equal to the threshold value, the shot deviation analysis is considered normal.

[0123] In this embodiment, step S4, determining the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors based on feature values ​​exceeding a preset threshold, includes:

[0124] In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the noise channel characteristic value of a single shot, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor is the noise factor at the location of the receiver point in the current work area;

[0125] In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the abnormal trace characteristic value, the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process are the geophone installation factors and the geophone's own device factors.

[0126] When a feature value exceeds a preset threshold, the feature value for shot offset analysis is used. The adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is to delete the current shot data and re-shoot.

[0127] See Figure 3 The embodiments of this disclosure provide a real-time quality control system for seismic acquisition data, the system comprising:

[0128] The terminal is used to acquire single-shot seismic data, obtain the receiver line number of each channel from the channel header of the single-shot seismic data; arrange the seismic data channels with the same receiver line number as a permutation, calculate the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of the single shot on a permutation basis; and send the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of the single shot to the server.

[0129] On the server side, it receives and compares the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds. In response to any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, it determines the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor based on the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, returns the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor to the terminal, and in response to the data request from the display terminal, sends the characteristic values ​​exceeding the preset threshold and those not exceeding the preset threshold to the display terminal.

[0130] In some embodiments, the terminal can be an instrument that communicates with the server and display via a wireless or wired network. The specific process is as follows:

[0131] Step 1: Set up the network on the instrument. The network can be established via mobile wireless or wired connection. Since the instrument is usually located in the field, it is not possible to set up a wired network. Using a mobile wireless network is more convenient.

[0132] Step 2, instrument-side quality control attribute characteristic value calculation: First, read the single-shot seismic data, obtain the receiver line number of each trace from the trace head of the data, traces with the same receiver line number are called a permutation, which is a dataset, and calculate the attribute characteristic value of each permutation on this dataset.

[0133] Step 2-1, Calculation of energy characteristic values.

[0134] Step 2-2, Calculation of frequency characteristic values.

[0135] Steps 2-3: Calculation of signal-to-noise ratio and environmental noise characteristic value for a single gun.

[0136] Steps 2-4: Calculation of noise channel characteristic values.

[0137] Steps 2-5: Calculation of anomaly trace characteristic values.

[0138] Steps 2-6: Calculation of eigenvalues ​​for shot deviation analysis.

[0139] Step 3, server setup.

[0140] The server is built on a remote cloud and a web service system is set up to handle data exchange with the instrument and display terminals.

[0141] Step 3-1: The server receives the feature value data sent by the instrument, saves it to the database, and feeds back the processing result to the instrument.

[0142] Step 3-2: The server responds to the data request from the display terminal and sends the single-shot quality control characteristic value data to the display terminal.

[0143] Step 4: The instrument performs real-time quality control characteristic values ​​and transmits them remotely to the server.

[0144] Step 4-1: The instrument-side quality control machine sends data packets via the network using network protocols to transmit the real-time quality control information of a single gun on the instrument to a remote server. The transmitted information is shown in Table 1 below.

[0145] Table 1

[0146]

[0147] Step 4-2: After receiving the data from the instrument, the server sends the processing results back to the instrument. The instrument displays the data transmission status and the network connection signal status between the instrument and the server.

[0148] Step 5: The display terminal obtains and displays the quality control results from the server in real time.

[0149] The display terminal periodically sends data requests to the server. Upon receiving the request, the server sends the latest single-shot quality control information back to the display terminal, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the received data is parsed and displayed in the form of bar charts and evaluation tables.

[0150] In this embodiment, the quality control results from the wired seismic acquisition instrument are transmitted to a remote server via a mobile network. The remote display terminal obtains and displays the quality control results in real time via the network, analyzes the quality of individual seismic acquisition shots and whether there are any problems with the recorded single-channel data, thereby achieving the purpose of remote real-time quality control of individual seismic acquisition shots.

[0151] See Figure 5 In a certain land-based 3D seismic acquisition project, the real-time quality control results of a single shot are transmitted to a remote server via a 4G network from the instrument vehicle at the seismic acquisition site. A remote display terminal then retrieves and displays the real-time quality control results via a wired network. The specific steps are as follows:

[0152] Step 1, Mobile Network Setup. Insert the network card into the card slot of the card tray and then into the USB port of the real-time quality control machine on the seismic instrument vehicle. The network card will automatically connect to the network, thus establishing the network on the instrument side.

[0153] Step 2: Establish a quality control project on the instrument and fill in the project information. The instrument host transmits the single-shot data to the quality control machine via a wired network. The quality control machine performs quality control on the single-shot data. The quality control obtains the characteristic values ​​of each attribute and sends JSON data packets via 4G network using the HTTP / POST method to transmit the real-time quality control information of the single shot on the instrument vehicle to the remote server. The specific transmission information is shown in Table 1 above.

[0154] Step 3: The server receives the information transmitted by the instrument, stores it in the database, and sends the processing result back to the instrument. The instrument displays the data transmission status and the network connection signal status between the instrument and the server.

[0155] Step 4: The display terminal periodically sends data requests to the server. Upon receiving the request, the server sends the latest single-shot quality control information to the display terminal. The display terminal parses the received data and displays it in the form of bar charts and tables. See... Figure 4 As shown in Table 2 below.

[0156] Table 2

[0157] FFID Gun Line dot number Index number Number of channels received Energy value Clock speed (Hz) Bandwidth (Hz) Signal-to-noise ratio Environmental noise Abnormal path Gun deviation analysis 1010 2085 5574.5 1 7410 31.6 14.9 93.1 20.7 1.29 17 normal 1011 2101 5638.5 1 5490 38.2 8.4 *48.0 30.6 2.46 21 normal 1012 2078 5591.5 1 6440 34.5 10.4 66.9 28.6 1.4 22 normal 1013 2086 5639.5 1 5460 12.7 11.4 87.8 *9.5 2.2 18 normal 1014 2078 5647.5 1 4872 29.8 9 67.1 20.3 4.34 19 normal 1015 2077 5646.5 1 4900 15 10 103.8 *8.1 2.83 20 normal 1016 2102 5639.5 1 5460 51 9.1 *46.7 37.2 2.7 43 normal 1017 2087 5640.5 1 5430 18.8 9.7 88.5 *9.1 3.51 19 normal 1018 2103 5640.5 1 5430 31.5 10 67.6 17.9 2.67 20 normal 1019 2088 5641.5 1 5400 16.6 10.6 99.3 *8.7 2.8 19 normal 1020 2104 5641.5 1 5400 31.2 9.3 65.4 20 3.52 21 normal 1021 2105 5642.5 1 5370 24.3 10.4 75.1 14.4 3.15 21 normal 1022 2089 5642.5 1 5370 18.9 11.2 98.5 *7.1 4.01 41 normal 1023 2106 5643.5 1 5340 35.2 8.5 56.6 20.4 3.71 20 normal 1024 2090 5643.5 1 5340 18.4 11 107 *7.4 3.7 17 normal 1025 2107 5644.5 1 5310 27.8 11 75.8 13.3 3.56 18 normal 1026 2091 5644.5 1 5310 27.5 9.1 78.8 13.6 3.85 18 normal 1027 2102 5567.5 1 7620 40.5 10.3 62.5 31.2 2.22 21 normal 1028 2108 5645.5 1 5280 33.7 9.3 66.3 16.4 4.11 19 normal

[0158] In this embodiment, the real-time quality control results of single-shot seismic acquisition data from the wired instrument are remotely transmitted to a server in a different location via a network. The quality of single-shot seismic acquisition data is analyzed and evaluated in real time through a display terminal, allowing for the timely detection of problematic shots in the field and notification of the seismic acquisition site for rectification. This significantly reduces the number of shots required for subsequent replacement, avoids seismic acquisition accidents, and improves the quality and production efficiency of wired seismic acquisition data.

[0159] Embodiments of this disclosure provide a real-time quality control device for seismic acquisition data, comprising:

[0160] The acquisition module is used to acquire single-shot seismic data and obtain the receiver line number of each track from the track header of the single-shot seismic data.

[0161] The calculation module is used to arrange seismic data channels with the same receiver line number as a permutation, and calculate the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot on a permutation basis.

[0162] The comparison module is used to compare the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively;

[0163] The determination module is used to determine the adjustment factors of the seismic acquisition process based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold when any one of the characteristic values ​​of energy, frequency, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio, and environmental noise exceeds the preset threshold.

[0164] The specific implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device can be found in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be repeated here.

[0165] For the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the present invention according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0166] In the above embodiments, any multiple of the acquisition module, calculation module, comparison module, and determination module can be combined into one module, or any one of these modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least some of the functions of one or more of these modules can be combined with at least some of the functions of other modules and implemented in one module. At least one of the acquisition module, calculation module, comparison module, and determination module can be at least partially implemented as hardware circuitry, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system-on-a-chip, a system-on-a-substrate, a system-on-package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or implemented in hardware or firmware by any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging circuitry, or implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of these three implementation methods. Alternatively, at least one of the acquisition module, calculation module, comparison module, and determination module can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can perform corresponding functions when the computer program module is run.

[0167] Reference Figure 6 The electronic device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure includes a processor 1110, a communication interface 1120, a memory 1130 and a communication bus 1140, wherein the processor 1110, the communication interface 1120 and the memory 1130 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1140.

[0168] Memory 1130 is used to store computer programs;

[0169] When processor 1110 executes the program stored in memory 1130, it implements the following real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data:

[0170] Acquire single-shot seismic data, and obtain the receiver line number for each track from the track header of the single-shot seismic data;

[0171] Seismic data channels with the same receiver line number are arranged as a permutation. The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot are calculated on a permutation basis.

[0172] The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively;

[0173] If any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeds a preset threshold, the adjustment factors for the seismic acquisition process are determined based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold.

[0174] The aforementioned communication bus 1140 can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus 1140 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, it is represented by only one thick line in the figure, but this does not indicate that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0175] The communication interface 1120 is used for communication between the above-mentioned electronic device and other devices.

[0176] The memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory 1130 may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 1110.

[0177] The processor 1110 mentioned above can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0178] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs real-time quality control of the seismic acquisition data as described above.

[0179] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the device / apparatus described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed, implement the method for disciplining the navigation satellite clock of an autonomous driving domain controller according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0180] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as including, but not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0181] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0182] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire single-shot seismic data, and obtain the receiver line number for each track from the track header of the single-shot seismic data; Seismic data channels with the same receiver line number are arranged as a permutation. The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot are calculated on a permutation basis. The energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively; If any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeds a preset threshold, the adjustment factors for the seismic acquisition process are determined based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of energy characteristic values, frequency characteristic values, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic values, and environmental noise characteristic values ​​for a single shot, on a per-arrangement basis, includes: Calculate the weighting coefficients for each permutation; The energy characteristic value of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients and energy values ​​of each permutation; The frequency characteristic value of a single gun is determined based on the weighting coefficients, dominant frequency, and bandwidth of each permutation; The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value of a single gun are determined based on the weighting coefficients, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and ambient noise for each permutation. The main frequency is obtained through the following steps: Transform a single arrangement of time-domain data into frequency-domain data; Plot a spectrum curve with frequency on the horizontal axis and amplitude on the vertical axis based on the frequency domain data; The frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude in the spectrum curve is taken as the dominant frequency of a single arrangement. The bandwidth is obtained through the following steps: Determine the two frequency values ​​corresponding to the preset proportion of the maximum amplitude in the spectrum curve; The absolute value of the difference between two frequency values ​​is taken as the bandwidth.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weighting coefficients for each permutation are calculated using the following expression: Among them, R i Let X be the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. Max X is the minimum offset among the longest offsets of a single gun. i R is the minimum offset distance in the i-th permutation. i The value ranges from 0 to 1. The energy characteristic value of a single gun is determined using the following expression, based on the weighting coefficients and energy values ​​for each permutation: Where E is the energy characteristic value of a single gun, R i E is the weighting coefficient for the i-th permutation. i Let N be the energy value of the i-th permutation, and N be the number of permutations.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining adjustment factors for the seismic acquisition process based on feature values ​​exceeding a preset threshold includes: The characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold is the energy characteristic value of a single shot, and the adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is the seismic excitation factor. In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the frequency characteristic value, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor is a factor used to analyze single-shot record anomalies in conjunction with the seismic record profile. The signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value is the feature value that exceeds the preset threshold, and the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process are the excitation and reception factors of a single shot; The characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold is the environmental noise characteristic value; the adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is the current environmental noise exceeding the standard factor in the work area.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Calculate the noise path characteristic value, abnormal path characteristic value, and shot deviation analysis characteristic value for a single shot; The noise path characteristic value, the abnormal path characteristic value, and the shot deviation analysis characteristic value are compared with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively; If any one of the noise trace characteristic value, abnormal trace characteristic value, and shot deviation analysis characteristic value exceeds a preset threshold, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factors are determined based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining adjustment factors for the seismic acquisition process based on feature values ​​exceeding a preset threshold includes: In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the noise channel characteristic value of a single shot, the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor is the noise factor at the location of the receiver point in the current work area; In response to the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold being the abnormal trace characteristic value, the adjustment factors in the seismic acquisition process are the geophone installation factors and the geophone's own device factors. When a feature value exceeds a preset threshold, the feature value for shot offset analysis is used. The adjustment factor in the seismic acquisition process is to delete the current shot data and re-shoot.

7. A real-time quality control system for seismic acquisition data, characterized in that, The system includes: The terminal is used to acquire single-shot seismic data, obtain the receiver line number of each channel from the channel header of the single-shot seismic data; arrange the seismic data channels with the same receiver line number as a permutation, calculate the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of the single shot on a permutation basis; and send the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and ambient noise characteristic value of the single shot to the server. On the server side, it receives and compares the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds. In response to any one of the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, it determines the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor based on the characteristic value exceeding the preset threshold, returns the seismic acquisition process adjustment factor to the terminal, and in response to the data request from the display terminal, sends the characteristic values ​​exceeding the preset threshold and those not exceeding the preset threshold to the display terminal.

8. A real-time quality control device for seismic acquisition data, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire single-shot seismic data and obtain the receiver line number of each track from the track header of the single-shot seismic data. The calculation module is used to arrange seismic data channels with the same receiver line number as a permutation, and calculate the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value, and environmental noise characteristic value of a single shot on a permutation basis. The comparison module is used to compare the energy characteristic value, frequency characteristic value, signal-to-noise ratio characteristic value and environmental noise characteristic value with the corresponding preset thresholds respectively; The determination module is used to determine the adjustment factors of the seismic acquisition process based on the characteristic value that exceeds the preset threshold when any one of the characteristic values ​​of energy, frequency, single-shot signal-to-noise ratio, and environmental noise exceeds the preset threshold.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; The processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements the real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the real-time quality control method for seismic acquisition data as described in any one of claims 1-6.

Images