Waveguide structures and antenna systems

Abstract

The present application discloses a waveguide structure and an antenna system, which relate to the field of wireless communication technology. The waveguide structure has a waveguide cavity, and the waveguide structure includes a metal shell and a metal sleeve, the metal shell has an annular convex portion, at least part of the metal sleeve is arranged in the accommodating space of the annular convex portion, the inner surface of the metal sleeve forms at least part of the waveguide cavity, the metal sleeve is provided with a feeding port, and the annular convex portion is used to be detachably connected to a reflective surface radiation component. This solution can solve the problem that the current antenna has a small application range due to a relatively fixed coverage distance during use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and specifically relates to a waveguide structure and an antenna system. Background Art

[0002] 5G communication technology is the fifth generation of mobile communication technology and an extension of 4G. It utilizes a new network architecture and technical means, and has the characteristics of high speed, low latency, large capacity and wide coverage. It is used in smart cities, smart transportation, telemedicine, industrial automation and other fields, enabling people to enjoy faster, more stable and safer mobile communication services.

[0003] The operating frequency range of 5G antennas is 5150MHz~5825MHz. Its frequency band is wide and the network speed is relatively stable, but the coverage distance is short. At present, in order to extend the coverage distance of 5G antennas and expand their application scope, the antenna size is generally increased, or the antenna gain is increased by setting a guiding device, thereby increasing the signal transmission distance of the 5G antenna. However, during the use of the above-mentioned 5G antenna, its coverage distance is relatively fixed and can only be used in fixed application scenarios, and its scope of application is relatively small.

[0004] Of course, the above problems also exist in 4G antennas and other types of antennas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a waveguide structure and an antenna system, which can solve the problem that the current antenna has a small application range due to a relatively fixed coverage distance during use.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide structure, wherein the waveguide structure has a waveguide cavity, the waveguide structure includes a metal shell and a metal sleeve, the metal shell has an annular protrusion, at least a portion of the metal sleeve is arranged in a receiving space of the annular protrusion, the inner surface of the metal sleeve forms at least a portion of the waveguide cavity, the metal sleeve is provided with a feeding port, and the annular protrusion is used to be detachably connected to a reflective surface radiation component.

[0008] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna system, comprising a reflective surface radiation component and the above-mentioned waveguide structure, wherein the reflective surface radiation component is detachably connected to the annular protrusion, and the reflective surface radiation component is used to extend the transmission distance of the electromagnetic energy of the waveguide structure.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the waveguide structure has a waveguide cavity (also called a resonant cavity), and the waveguide structure includes a metal shell and a metal sleeve. The metal shell has an annular convex portion, and at least a portion of the metal sleeve is arranged in the accommodating space of the annular convex portion. The inner surface of the metal sleeve forms at least a portion of the waveguide cavity. The metal sleeve is provided with a feeding port for transmitting a signal to the metal sleeve so that the metal sleeve radiates electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the metal sleeve are transmitted in the waveguide cavity. The present application adopts a waveguide structure as a primary feed source, which has the characteristics of high radiation efficiency and low loss; and the annular convex portion of the metal shell is used to be detachably connected to a reflective surface radiation component, and the reflective surface radiation component is used to form a secondary radiation field, and has the characteristics of high gain. Therefore, the reflective surface radiation component can be used to extend the transmission distance of the electromagnetic energy of the waveguide structure.

[0010] In the process of using the waveguide structure disclosed in the present application, the waveguide structure itself can be used as an antenna alone to radiate electromagnetic waves. At this time, the signal of the antenna can cover a range relatively close to it; when the signal transmission distance of the antenna needs to be extended, it is connected to the reflective surface radiation component to form an antenna system, thereby improving the antenna gain and meeting the signal coverage requirements of medium and long distances; in addition, it can also be connected to different reflective surface radiation components according to the different required signal transmission distances, thereby expanding the scope of application of the waveguide structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the waveguide structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figures 2 to 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the waveguide structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application at different viewing angles;

[0013] Figure 4 An exploded view of the waveguide structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a waveguide structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 7 An exploded diagram of the antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a reflective surface radiation assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Fig. 9 This is the radiation field pattern of the antenna system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 100-waveguide structure, 110-metal shell, 111-annular convex portion, 111a-clamping groove, 111b-mounting groove, 111c-resonance protrusion, 111d-annular body, 111e-annular connecting portion, 111e1-first annular portion, 111e2-second annular portion, 111f-annular mounting groove, 112-housing, 113-cover plate, 120-metal sleeve, 121-sleeve body, 122-feeding probe, 130-elastic member, 140-positioning member, 141-first positioning portion, 142-pressing portion, 150-sealing ring, 151-annular body, 152-annular protrusion, 160-sealing ring, 170-sealing cover;

[0021] 200-reflecting surface radiation component, 210-waveguide extension, 211-metal connecting tube, 212-non-metallic protective part, 212a-protective body, 212b-protective cover, 213-clamping part, 220-first reflecting part, 221-first reflecting surface, 230-second reflecting part, 231-second reflecting surface, 240-first flange, 241-connecting protrusion, 250-second flange, 251-installing protrusion, 260-connecting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0024] The waveguide structure and antenna system provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below through specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a waveguide structure, the waveguide structure 100 has a waveguide cavity (also called a resonant cavity), the waveguide structure 100 includes a metal shell 110 and a metal sleeve 120, the metal shell 110 has an annular convex portion 111, at least part of the metal sleeve 120 is arranged in the accommodating space of the annular convex portion 111, and the inner surface of the metal sleeve 120 forms at least part of the waveguide cavity, that is, the waveguide cavity can be completely formed by the inner surface of the metal sleeve 120, or only part of the waveguide cavity can be formed by the inner surface of the metal sleeve 120. The metal sleeve 120 is provided with a feeding port for transmitting a signal to the metal sleeve 120, so that the metal sleeve 120 radiates electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves radiated by the metal sleeve 120 are transmitted in the waveguide cavity. The annular convex portion 111 is used to be detachably connected to the reflective surface radiation component 200, and at this time, the waveguide structure 100 is used as a primary feed source, which has the characteristics of high radiation efficiency and low loss.

[0026] The reflective surface radiation component 200 is detachably connected to the annular protrusion 111 . The reflective surface radiation component 200 is used to form a secondary radiation field and has a high gain characteristic. Therefore, the reflective surface radiation component 200 is used to extend the transmission distance of the electromagnetic energy of the waveguide structure 100 .

[0027] In the process of using the waveguide structure disclosed in the present application, the waveguide structure 100 itself can be used as an antenna to radiate electromagnetic waves. At this time, the signal of the antenna can cover a range close to it; when it is necessary to extend the signal transmission distance of the antenna, it is connected to the reflective surface radiation component 200 to form an antenna system, thereby improving the antenna gain and meeting the signal coverage requirements of medium and long distances; in addition, it can also be connected to different reflective surface radiation components 200 according to the different signal transmission distances actually required, thereby expanding the scope of application of the waveguide structure. Therefore, the present application can solve the problem that the current antenna has a small scope of application due to a relatively fixed coverage distance during use.

[0028] That is to say, the above scheme uses the waveguide structure 100 as a feed source to be detachably connected to different reflective surface radiation components 200, thereby realizing flexible switching of the antenna between high and low gain, and enabling the signal transmission equipment to be designed in series to cope with different distance requirements; of course, the waveguide structure 100 can also work alone without being connected to the reflective surface radiation component 200 to achieve short-distance signal transmission. When the waveguide structure 100 is connected to different reflective surface radiation components 200, medium and long-distance signal transmission can be achieved.

[0029] Optionally, the annular protrusion 111 and the reflective surface radiation component 200 can be directly connected by threads, or connected by bolts or other connecting parts; or, in another embodiment, the inner annular surface of the annular protrusion 111 is provided with a snap-in groove 111a, and the snap-in groove 111a includes a first part and a second part that are connected, and the first part is bent relative to the second part, and the first part extends to the end face of the annular protrusion 111, that is, the snap-in groove 111a is an L-shaped structure, and the first part of the snap-in groove 111a is used for the snap-in part 213 of the outer peripheral surface of the reflective surface radiation component 200 to pass through and snap-fit ​​with the second part, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the reflective surface radiation component 200 is provided with a snap-in part 213, and the snap-in part 213 can pass through the first part of the snap-in groove 111a and snap-fit ​​with the second part. During the installation of the waveguide structure 100 and the reflector radiation component 200, the clamping portion 213 of the reflector radiation component 200 is inserted into the first part of the clamping groove 111a and passes through the first part of the clamping groove 111a, and then the waveguide structure 100 is rotated, and the reflector radiation component 200 rotates relative to the annular protrusion 111 along the circumference of the annular protrusion 111, so that the clamping portion 213 is offset from the first part of the clamping groove 111a and is clamped and matched with the second part of the clamping groove 111a, so that the waveguide structure 100 is connected to the reflector radiation component 200; when it is necessary to separate the waveguide structure 100 from the reflector radiation component 200, the waveguide structure 100 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the clamping portion 213 of the reflector radiation component 200 is pulled out from the first part of the clamping groove 111a. In this solution, the waveguide structure 100 and the reflector radiation component 200 are connected by clamping, which can facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the two, so as to facilitate the replacement of different types of reflector radiation components 200.

[0030] Optionally, the number of the snap-fit ​​grooves 111a is at least two, and each snap-fit ​​groove 111a is arranged at circumferential intervals along the inner annular surface of the annular protrusion 111. The snap-fit ​​portions 213 are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the snap-fit ​​grooves 111a. By setting a plurality of sets of snap-fit ​​structures, the connection firmness between the waveguide structure 100 and the reflective surface radiation component 200 is improved.

[0031] In a further optional embodiment, a positioning pin may be used to position the reflective surface radiation assembly 200 and the waveguide structure 100 to prevent relative rotation between the two during use; or, the inner ring surface of the annular protrusion 111 is further provided with a mounting groove 111b which is arranged at circumferential intervals with the clamping groove 111a along the inner ring surface of the annular protrusion 111, and the mounting groove 111b extends to the end face of the annular protrusion 111, and the mounting groove 111b includes a third part and a fourth part which are connected, and the groove depth of the third part is greater than the groove depth of the fourth part, that is, the mounting groove 111b is an L-shaped structure. The waveguide structure 100 also includes an elastic member 130 and a positioning member 140. The elastic member 130 and the first positioning portion 141 of the positioning member 140 are both arranged in the third part of the mounting groove 111b. The elastic member 130 is located between the groove bottom of the third part and the first positioning portion 141. The first positioning portion 141 is used to position and cooperate with the second positioning portion of the reflective surface radiation component 200, that is, the second positioning portion of the reflective surface radiation component 200 is located in the fourth part and is positioned and cooperated with the first positioning portion 141. The pressing portion 142 of the positioning member 140 is exposed through the side wall of the mounting groove 111b to facilitate pressing.

[0032] During the installation of the waveguide structure 100 and the reflective surface radiation component 200, the second positioning portion of the reflective surface radiation component 200 abuts against the first positioning portion 141, causing the elastic member 130 to deform. When the second positioning portion is located at the third portion of the installation groove 111b, the waveguide structure 100 is rotated, and the reflective surface radiation component 200 rotates relative to the annular protrusion 111 in the circumferential direction of the annular protrusion 111, so that the second positioning portion rotates to the fourth portion of the installation groove 111b. At this time, the elastic member 130 recovers its deformation, and the first positioning portion moves under the drive of the elastic member 130, so that the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are deformed. The parts are arranged side by side in the installation groove 111b and positioned and matched, thereby improving the connection stability and firmness between the waveguide structure 100 and the reflective surface radiation component 200; when the reflective surface radiation component 200 needs to be separated from the waveguide structure 100, the pressing part 142 of the positioning part 140 is manually pressed to drive the elastic part 130 to deform, and then the waveguide structure 100 is rotated in the opposite direction to make the second positioning part rotate to overlap with the first positioning part, and the clamping part 213 of the reflective surface radiation component 200 is rotated from the second part of the clamping groove 111a to the first part, and then the reflective surface radiation component 200 is pulled out.

[0033] In another optional embodiment, the metal sleeve 120 includes a sleeve body 121 and a feeding probe 122, the feeding probe 122 is arranged on the side wall of the sleeve body 121, and the inner annular surface of the annular protrusion 111 is provided with a resonant protrusion 111c, the resonant protrusion 111c and the feeding probe 122 are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the waveguide cavity, the two are matched with each other, and part of the feeding probe 122 and the resonant protrusion 111c are both located in the waveguide cavity, and the part of the feeding probe 122 here specifically refers to the part of the inner conductor of the feeding probe 122. This scheme adjusts the working frequency band of the waveguide structure 100 by matching and cooperating with the resonant protrusion 111c and the feeding probe 122, such as the working frequency band can be 5150~5825MHz, so as to achieve the working frequency band required by the waveguide structure, and at this time, the size of the waveguide structure 100 can be set smaller, thereby reducing the occupied space of the waveguide structure 100. Of course, the resonant protrusion 111 c may not be provided. In this case, the size of the waveguide structure 100 needs to be increased so that the working frequency band of the waveguide structure 100 reaches the actually required frequency band.

[0034] Optionally, the operating frequency band of the waveguide structure 100 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the inner conductor of the feeding probe 122 and the resonant protrusion 111c in the waveguide cavity so that it operates within the actually required operating frequency band. When the antenna is a 5G antenna, the operating frequency band of the waveguide structure 100 is within the 5800MHz frequency band.

[0035] Optionally, the number of feeding probes 122 can be one, and the corresponding number of resonant protrusions 111c is also one, in which case the waveguide structure 100 is a single-polarized antenna; or, in other embodiments, the number of feeding probes 122 is two, including a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe arranged at intervals along the circumference of the waveguide cavity, the extension direction of the first feeding probe is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second feeding probe, and the resonant protrusion 111c is arranged one-to-one with the feeding probe 122 to form a dual-polarized antenna, which can simultaneously receive signals in the horizontal and vertical directions, which is conducive to providing better communication quality; in addition, the dual-polarized antenna has the characteristics of simple structure, space saving, high flexibility and strong signal reliability.

[0036] In another optional embodiment, the annular protrusion 111 includes an annular main body 111d and an annular connecting portion 111e connected to each other. The annular main body 111d and the annular connecting portion 111e can be an integrated structure, which is not only convenient for installation, but also can reduce the difficulty of sealing. The annular connecting portion 111e is used to be detachably connected to the reflective surface radiation component 200. The inner annular surface of the annular connecting portion 111e is connected to the inner surface of the metal sleeve 120 along the axial direction of the annular connecting portion 111e to form a waveguide cavity. Optionally, the annular connecting portion 111e and the metal sleeve 120 can be an integrated structure or a split structure. When the split structure is adopted, the difficulty of making the metal sleeve 120 and the metal shell 110 can be reduced, and it is convenient to open the mold. The inner annular surface of the annular connecting portion 111e is provided with a resonance protrusion 111c. Optionally, the annular connecting portion 111e and the metal sleeve 120 can be connected by connecting parts such as screws, so as to facilitate disassembly and assembly.

[0037] Optionally, both surfaces of the annular connecting portion 111e opposite to the sleeve body 121 can be flat surfaces; or, in other embodiments, both surfaces of the annular connecting portion 111e opposite to the sleeve body 121 are stepped surfaces, and the annular connecting portion 111e and the sleeve body 121 are sealed by the stepped surfaces to improve the sealing of the waveguide cavity and prevent water stains in the external environment from entering the waveguide cavity and damaging the waveguide structure 100.

[0038] In a further optional embodiment, the stepped surface includes a first annular surface and a second annular surface arranged radially along the annular connecting portion 111e, and the waveguide structure 100 further includes a sealing ring 150, the sealing ring 150 includes a connected annular body 151 and an annular protrusion 152, the annular body 151 is sealingly arranged between the second annular surface of the annular connecting portion 111e and the second annular surface of the sleeve body 121, the second annular surface of the annular connecting portion 111e is provided with an annular groove, and the annular protrusion 152 is sealed with the annular groove, that is, the annular connecting portion 111e is sealed with the sleeve body 121 through the sealing ring 150, thereby further improving the sealing of the waveguide cavity. Of course, the sealing ring 150 can also be only the annular body 151, without the annular protrusion 152.

[0039] Optionally, in the extension direction of the central axis of the waveguide cavity, the feeding probe 122 can be arranged at one end of the sleeve body 121 away from the annular connecting portion 111e, or can be arranged at the middle part of the sleeve body 121; or, in other embodiments, in the extension direction of the central axis of the waveguide cavity, the feeding probe 122 is arranged at one end of the sleeve body 121 close to the annular connecting portion 111e. At this time, the distance between the feeding probe 122 and the resonant protrusion 111c is smaller, and the matching performance between the two is better, which is beneficial to improving the antenna gain, thereby enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the annular connecting portion 111e includes a first annular portion 111e1 and a second annular portion 111e2 that are detachably connected, the first annular portion 111e1 is connected to the annular body 111d, and optionally, the first annular portion 111e1 and the annular body 111d may be an integral structure, the second annular portion 111e2 is superimposed on the first annular portion 111e1 to form a clamping groove 111a and an installation groove 111b, the clamping groove 111a is used to clamp with the clamping portion 213 of the outer peripheral surface of the reflective surface radiation component 200, and the installation groove 111b is used to install the second positioning portion of the reflective surface radiation component 200. The annular connecting portion 111e in this solution adopts a two-part structure that is detachably connected to form the clamping groove 111a and the installation groove 111b, which not only facilitates the installation of the positioning member 140, but also facilitates the manufacture of the metal shell 110. Of course, the annular connecting portion 111e may also be an integrated structure. In this case, it is inconvenient to open the mold during the process of manufacturing the annular connecting portion 111e.

[0041] Optionally, the first annular portion 111e1 and the second annular portion 111e2 may be connected by connecting members such as screws to facilitate assembly and disassembly.

[0042] In another optional embodiment, the end surface of the annular protrusion 111 is provided with an annular installation groove 111f, and the waveguide structure 100 further includes a sealing ring 160, which is disposed in the annular installation groove 111f, and the annular protrusion 111 is used to seal with the end surface of the reflective surface radiation component 200 through the sealing ring 160, so as to further improve the sealing of the waveguide cavity. Specifically, the annular protrusion 111 is used to seal with the end surface of the second end of the reflective surface radiation component 200 through the sealing ring 160.

[0043] In an embodiment in which the annular protrusion 111 includes a connected annular main body 111d and an annular connecting portion 111e, an annular groove is provided on the end face of the annular connecting portion 111e, and the annular groove extends to the inner annular surface of the annular connecting portion 111e to form a stepped surface, an annular mounting groove 111f is provided at the bottom of the annular groove, and a clamping groove 111a and a mounting groove 111b are provided on the side wall of the annular groove, both of which are staggered with the sealing ring 160.

[0044] Optionally, the waveguide cavity can be a rectangular structure; or, in other embodiments, the inner surface of the waveguide cavity is an arc-shaped surface, that is, the waveguide cavity is a cylindrical structure, and its electromagnetic field distribution has a high degree of symmetry, and the cylindrical waveguide cavity has the characteristics of low loss and strong transmission capacity, and has a dual polarization characteristic, and can be used for signal transmission over longer distances.

[0045] Optionally, the waveguide structure 100 further includes a sealing cover 170. Optionally, the sealing cover 170 may be a non-metallic structure. The sealing cover 170 seals and covers the opening of the waveguide cavity of the annular protrusion 111, thereby preventing impurities such as water stains and dust in the external environment from entering the waveguide cavity. It should be noted that when the reflective surface radiation component 200 is connected to the waveguide structure 100, the sealing cover 170 has little effect on the transmission of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity to the inner cavity of the reflective surface radiation component 200, which can even be ignored.

[0046] Optionally, the metal shell 110 includes a shell 112 and a cover plate 113 that are detachably connected. The shell 112 is provided with an annular protrusion 111 , and the cover plate 113 covers a side of the shell 112 away from the annular protrusion 111 to facilitate the installation of the metal sleeve 120 .

[0047] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, based on the waveguide structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application also discloses an antenna system, which includes a reflective surface radiation component 200 and the waveguide structure 100 described in any of the above embodiments, the reflective surface radiation component 200 is detachably connected to the annular protrusion 111, and the reflective surface radiation component 200 is used to extend the transmission distance of the electromagnetic energy of the waveguide structure 100, so that the antenna system can meet the signal transmission requirements of medium and long distances.

[0048] Optionally, the antenna system can be a directional antenna; optionally, the antenna system can be applied to equipment such as medium and long-distance outdoor bridges, base stations, signal towers, microwave relay communications, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the reflective surface radiation assembly 200 includes a waveguide extension 210, a first reflective member 220, and a second reflective member 230. The waveguide extension 210 is a hollow structure. The first reflective member 220 is provided with an escape opening. The first end of the waveguide extension 210 is connected to the first reflective member 220, and a portion of the waveguide extension 210 extends into the escape opening. The second reflective member 230 is connected to the second end of the waveguide extension 210. The second reflective surface 231 of the second reflective member 230 faces the first reflective member 220. The first reflecting surface 221, in the extension direction of the central axis of the annular protrusion 111, the orthographic projection area of ​​the second reflecting surface 231 is larger than the orthographic projection area of ​​the waveguide cavity, and smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the first reflecting surface 221, the waveguide structure 100 is arranged on the side of the first reflecting member 220 away from the second reflecting member 230, the annular protrusion 111 and the waveguide extension 210 are detachably connected, and when the annular protrusion 111 is connected to the waveguide extension 210, the inner cavity of the waveguide extension 210 can be communicated with the waveguide cavity of the waveguide structure 100.

[0050] When the electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity are transmitted to the inner cavity of the waveguide extension 210, the inner cavity of the waveguide extension 210 can be used as a waveguide extension cavity to transmit the electromagnetic waves to the second reflection surface 231, and then reflected by the second reflection surface 231 to the first reflection surface 221, and finally reflected by the first reflection surface 221. This scheme adopts a dual reflection surface radiation structure to form a secondary radiation field, which has the characteristics of high gain and low side lobes. It can be used in long-distance communication or high-precision positioning requirements; and the dual reflection surface radiation structure has the function of amplifying gain, which is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of the antenna system. Of course, the reflection surface radiation component 200 can also be a horn structure, or other types of reflection surface structures, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0051] Optionally, the first reflective member 220 and the second reflective member 230 may both be made of metal materials such as aluminum and iron, and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any specific limitation on this.

[0052] Optionally, the reflector radiation assembly 200 further includes a first flange 240, a second flange 250 and a connector 260, wherein the first flange 240 is sleeved on the first end of the waveguide extension 210, the first flange 240 has a connecting protrusion 241, the first reflector 220 is provided with a connecting hole, and one end of the connector 260 sequentially passes through the second flange 250 and the connecting hole and is threadedly connected to the connecting protrusion 241 of the first flange 240, so that the waveguide extension 210 and the first reflector 220 are detachably connected, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the two. Optionally, a mounting protrusion 251 is provided on a side of the second flange 250 that is away from the first reflector 220, and the mounting protrusion 251 is used to be connected to an antenna bracket for mounting an antenna system.

[0053] In a further optional embodiment, in the extension direction of the central axis of the annular protrusion 111, the orthographic projection of the waveguide cavity is located at the central area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second reflection surface 231, and the orthographic projection of the second reflection surface 231 is located at the central area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first reflection surface 221, so that the electromagnetic waves in the waveguide cavity are uniformly reflected to the first reflection surface 221 through the second reflection surface 231, thereby improving the reflection efficiency of the reflection surface radiation component 200, and further improving the radiation performance of the antenna system. Of course, in the extension direction of the central axis of the annular protrusion 111, the orthographic projection of the waveguide cavity can also be located at the edge area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second reflection surface 231, and the orthographic projection of the second reflection surface 231 can also be located at the edge area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first reflection surface 221.

[0054] Optionally, the second reflector 230 may be a flat plate structure; or, in other embodiments, the side of the second reflector 230 facing away from the first reflective surface 221 is a plane, and the thickness of the second reflector 230 gradually decreases in the direction away from its central axis, that is, the second reflector 230 is a conical structure, and the second reflective surface 231 is a conical surface. When the electromagnetic wave in the inner cavity of the waveguide extension 210 is transmitted to the second reflective surface 231, since the second reflective surface 231 is a conical surface, the electromagnetic wave is reflected by the second reflective surface 231 and diffused to expand the coverage area of ​​the electromagnetic wave transmitted to the first reflective surface 221, so that more electromagnetic waves are reflected by the first reflective surface 221, and the energy transmitted in the waveguide cavity is prevented from being reflected back into the waveguide cavity after passing through the second reflective surface 231, which is conducive to further improving the reflection efficiency of the reflective surface radiation component 200, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna system.

[0055] Further optionally, the second reflecting surface 231 is an arcuate surface, that is, the second reflecting surface 231 is concave in a direction away from the first reflecting surface 221, so that more electromagnetic waves are reflected to the first reflecting surface 221 and then reflected out through the first reflecting surface 221, thereby further improving the radiation performance of the antenna system.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the first reflection surface 221 may be a plane; or, in the extension direction of the waveguide structure 100 toward the second reflection member 230, the distance between the first reflection surface 221 and the central axis of the waveguide extension member 210 gradually increases, that is, the first reflection surface 221 is a conical surface, which can increase the reflection area of ​​the first reflection surface 221, thereby improving the reflection performance of the reflection surface radiation component 200. When the second reflection surface 231 reflects electromagnetic waves onto the first reflection surface 221, the first reflection surface 221 can reflect more of the electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna system.

[0057] Further optionally, the first reflection surface 221 is an arc-shaped surface, that is, the first reflection surface 221 is concave in the direction away from the central axis of the waveguide extension 210. In this case, the second reflection member 230 can be located at the focus of the first reflection surface 221. According to the reflection principle, the electromagnetic wave reflected from the second reflection surface 231 of the second reflection member 230 to the first reflection surface 221 will be transmitted in parallel after being reflected by the first reflection surface 221, and the transmission distance of the plane wave is the farthest. Therefore, the present application adopts this setting method to enable the antenna system to achieve a high gain effect.

[0058] Optionally, in the above embodiment, by adjusting the sizes of the first reflector 220 and the second reflector 230, the antenna gain can be changed without affecting the antenna matching; or, by adjusting the slope of the second reflective surface 231 and the length of the waveguide extension 210, the amount of electromagnetic energy reflected by the second reflective surface 231 to the first reflective surface 221 can be adjusted. When the second reflective surface 231 is at the focal position of the first reflective surface 221, the second reflective surface 231 reflects most of the electromagnetic energy to the first reflective surface 221, and then the part of the electromagnetic energy is radiated in parallel through the first reflective surface 221 to transmit a high gain signal.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the waveguide extension 210 includes a connected metal connecting tube 211 and a non-metallic protective member 212. The first end of the metal connecting tube 211 is connected to the first reflector 220, and a portion of the metal connecting tube 211 extends into the avoidance opening of the first reflector 220. The inner cavity of the metal connecting tube 211 can be connected to the waveguide cavity of the waveguide structure 100, and the inner cavity of the metal connecting tube 211 can be used as a waveguide extension cavity to transmit electromagnetic waves. The second reflector 230 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the non-metallic protective member 212. The non-metallic protective member 212 can protect the second reflector 230 and improve the aesthetics of the antenna system.

[0060] The second reflector 230 is spaced apart from the metal connecting tube 211, so that the electromagnetic waves in the inner cavity of the metal connecting tube 211 are first diffused, then transmitted to the second reflective surface 231 and reflected to the first reflective surface 221, thereby improving the utilization rate of the waveguide structure 100 as a feed source. Optionally, the distance between the second reflector 230 and the metal connecting tube 211 can be selected according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0061] Optionally, the non-metallic protective member 212 can be made of plastic, and the non-metallic protective member 212 includes a protective body 212a and a protective cover 212b, wherein the protective body 212a is connected to the metal connecting pipe 211, the protective cover 212b is sealed to cover the opening of the protective body 212a, and the second reflector 230 is disposed near the protective cover 212b. Optionally, the protective cover 212b can be fixed to the protective body 212a by glue.

[0062] Optionally, in the extension direction of the metal connecting pipe 211 toward the non-metallic protective member 212 , the cross-sectional area of ​​the protective body 212 a gradually increases.

[0063] refer to Fig. 9 It can be seen that the main lobe gain of the antenna system disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can reach 28 dBi, which indicates that the antenna gain is good.

[0064] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A waveguide structure, characterized in that: The waveguide structure (100) has a waveguide cavity. The waveguide structure (100) comprises a metal shell (110) and a metal sleeve (120). The metal shell (110) has an annular convex portion (111). At least a portion of the metal sleeve (120) is arranged in a receiving space of the annular convex portion (111). The inner surface of the metal sleeve (120) forms at least a portion of the waveguide cavity. The metal sleeve (120) is provided with a feeding port. The annular convex portion (111) comprises a connected annular main body (111d) and an annular connecting portion (111e). The annular connecting portion (111e) is used to be detachably connected to a reflecting surface radiation source. The reflective surface radiation component (200) comprises a first annular portion (111e1) and a second annular portion (111e2) which are detachably connected, the first annular portion (111e1) being connected to the annular body (111d), the second annular portion (111e2) being superimposed on the first annular portion (111e1) to form a snap-fitting groove (111a) and a mounting groove (111b), the snap-fitting groove (111a) being used for snap-fitting with a snap-fitting portion (213) on the outer peripheral surface of the reflective surface radiation component (200), and the mounting groove (111b) being used for mounting a second positioning portion of the reflective surface radiation component (200).

2. The waveguide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring surface of the annular protrusion (111) is provided with the snap-fit ​​groove (111a), the snap-fit ​​groove (111a) comprising a first portion and a second portion that are connected, the first portion being bent relative to the second portion, the first portion extending to the end surface of the annular protrusion (111), the first portion of the snap-fit ​​groove (111a) being used for the snap-fit ​​portion (213) to pass through and snap-fit ​​with the second portion.

3. The waveguide structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner ring surface of the annular protrusion (111) is further provided with the mounting groove (111b) which is arranged at intervals from the clamping groove (111a) along the circumferential direction of the inner ring surface of the annular protrusion (111); the mounting groove (111b) extends to the end surface of the annular protrusion (111); the mounting groove (111b) comprises a third part and a fourth part which are connected; the groove depth of the third part is greater than the groove depth of the fourth part; the waveguide structure (100) further comprises an elastic member (130) and A positioning member (140), the elastic member (130) and the first positioning portion (141) of the positioning member (140) are both arranged in the third part of the mounting groove (111b), the elastic member (130) is located between the groove bottom of the third part and the first positioning portion (141), the first positioning portion (141) is used for positioning and cooperating with the second positioning portion, and the pressing portion (142) of the positioning member (140) passes through the side wall of the mounting groove (111b) to be exposed.

4. The waveguide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal sleeve (120) comprises a sleeve body (121) and a feeding probe (122); the feeding probe (122) is arranged on the side wall of the sleeve body (121); the inner annular surface of the annular protrusion (111) is provided with a resonant protrusion (111c); the resonant protrusion (111c) and the feeding probe (122) are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the waveguide cavity; and part of the feeding probe (122) and the resonant protrusion (111c) are both located in the waveguide cavity.

5. The waveguide structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the feeding probes (122) is two, including a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe arranged at intervals along the circumference of the waveguide cavity, the extension direction of the first feeding probe is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second feeding probe, and the resonant protrusions (111c) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the feeding probes (122).

6. The waveguide structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner ring surface of the annular connecting portion (111e) is connected to the inner surface of the metal sleeve (120) along the axial direction of the annular connecting portion (111e) to form the waveguide cavity; the inner ring surface of the annular connecting portion (111e) is provided with the resonant protrusion (111c); both surfaces of the annular connecting portion (111e) facing the sleeve body (121) are stepped surfaces; the annular connecting portion (111e) and the sleeve body (121) are sealed and matched via the stepped surfaces.

7. The waveguide structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step surface comprises a first annular surface and a second annular surface arranged radially along the annular connecting portion (111e); the waveguide structure (100) further comprises a sealing ring (150); the sealing ring (150) comprises an annular main body (151) and an annular protrusion (152) connected to each other; the annular main body (151) is sealingly arranged between the second annular surface of the annular connecting portion (111e) and the second annular surface of the sleeve body (121); the second annular surface of the annular connecting portion (111e) is provided with an annular groove; the annular protrusion (152) is sealingly matched with the annular groove.

8. The waveguide structure according to claim 6, characterized in that The feeding probe (122) is arranged at one end of the sleeve body (121) close to the annular connecting portion (111e).

9. The waveguide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the annular protrusion (111) is provided with an annular mounting groove (111f); the waveguide structure (100) further comprises a sealing ring (160); the sealing ring (160) is arranged in the annular mounting groove (111f); the annular protrusion (111) is used to seal with the end face of the reflective surface radiation component (200) through the sealing ring (160).

10. The waveguide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the waveguide cavity is a curved surface.

11. An antenna system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reflective surface radiation component (200) and a waveguide structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the reflective surface radiation component (200) is detachably connected to the annular connecting portion (111e), and the reflective surface radiation component (200) is used to extend the transmission distance of the electromagnetic energy of the waveguide structure (100).

12. The antenna system according to claim 11, characterized in that The reflective surface radiation assembly (200) comprises a waveguide extension (210), a first reflective member (220) and a second reflective member (230), wherein the first reflective member (220) is provided with an escape opening, a first end of the waveguide extension (210) is connected to the first reflective member (220), and a portion of the waveguide extension (210) extends into the escape opening, the second reflective member (230) is connected to the second end of the waveguide extension (210), and a second reflective surface (231) of the second reflective member (230) is ) is directed toward the first reflecting surface (221) of the first reflecting member (220), in the extension direction of the central axis of the annular protrusion (111), the orthographic projection area of ​​the second reflecting surface (231) is larger than the orthographic projection area of ​​the waveguide cavity and smaller than the orthographic projection area of ​​the first reflecting surface (221), the waveguide structure (100) is arranged on a side of the first reflecting member (220) facing away from the second reflecting member (230), and the annular connecting portion (111e) is detachably connected to the waveguide extension member (210).

13. The antenna system according to claim 12, characterized in that In the extension direction of the central axis of the annular convex portion (111), the orthographic projection of the waveguide cavity is located in the central area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second reflection surface (231), and the orthographic projection of the second reflection surface (231) is located in the central area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first reflection surface (221).

14. The antenna system according to claim 13, characterized in that A surface of the second reflective member (230) facing away from the first reflective surface (221) is a plane, and a thickness of the second reflective member (230) gradually decreases in a direction away from its central axis; The first reflecting surface (221) is a curved surface.

15. The antenna system according to claim 13, characterized in that In the extension direction of the waveguide structure (100) toward the second reflector (230), the distance between the first reflective surface (221) and the central axis of the waveguide extension (210) gradually increases; The second reflecting surface (231) is a curved surface.

16. The antenna system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The waveguide extension piece (210) comprises a connected metal connecting tube (211) and a non-metallic protective piece (212); a first end of the metal connecting tube (211) is connected to the first reflecting piece (220), and a portion of the metal connecting tube (211) extends into the avoidance opening; the second reflecting piece (230) is arranged in a receiving cavity of the non-metallic protective piece (212); and the second reflecting piece (230) and the metal connecting tube (211) are arranged at a distance.

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