A construction method for prefabricated wave-breaking wall

Abstract

The present invention proposes a construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall, which relates to the technical field of wave-breaking walls and is applied to the assembly connection of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall and an original wave-breaking wall; the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is an arc-shaped wave-breaking wall with an arc surface facing the water, and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall includes a wave-breaking wall body, two first sleeves are pre-buried on the top of the wave-breaking wall body, and a plurality of second sleeves are pre-buried on the back surface of the wave-breaking wall body, and the wave-breaking wall body is provided with a through groove; the construction method mainly includes: prefabricating the prefabricated wave-breaking wall in a factory, transporting, installing a support frame, hoisting the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, arranging the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall in a layered and staggered manner, fixing and installing a steel frame on the top of the original wave-breaking wall, fastening and fixing the steel frame and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, pouring concrete to obtain a first concrete body, installing a gland, and performing wave elimination treatment. The present invention can obtain a wave-breaking wall that is both safe, beautiful, and economically reasonable from the aspects of reducing the amount of work, saving investment, optimizing the construction process, and ensuring the wave-cutting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wave-breaking walls, and in particular to a construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall. Background Art

[0002] Under the action of wind and waves, reservoir water, river water and sea water will repeatedly hit the upper structure of dams and bank protection dikes. In order to prevent waves from overflowing the top of dams and dikes and causing adverse effects on the main structure and downstream environment, wave-breaking walls are often set up on the water side of the top of dams and bank protection dikes. The setting of wave-breaking walls can appropriately reduce the height of the dam and bank protection dike tops and save engineering workload.

[0003] Traditional wave-breaking walls are mostly upright, and the materials used are generally mortar (cast) block stone, concrete and reinforced concrete. The structural form can be seen in Figure 1 At present, some embankment projects have been in operation for a long time. Affected by factors such as the quality of dam filling construction, reserved superelevation, dam settlement during operation, or characteristic water level changes, the top elevation of the wave-breaking wall cannot meet the current specifications and needs to be dealt with. There are generally two ways:

[0004] Method 1: Direct demolition and reconstruction. This method involves building a new wave-breaking wall that meets current needs at the site of the original wave-breaking wall. This requires demolition, transportation, excavation, formwork casting, etc., which has high labor and machinery costs, a large number of formworks, and high costs, resulting in high reconstruction costs.

[0005] Method 2 is to improve the height of the existing wave-breaking wall. For example, the patent with authorization announcement number CN 206204869 U discloses a wave-breaking wall device that can be quickly disassembled and assembled, and the patent with authorization announcement number CN 209353288 U discloses an upgraded structure for the road on the top of the existing embankment. This construction method simply raises the height vertically without considering how to reduce the height of the waves and improve the landscape effect, which has certain limitations.

[0006] Therefore, based on the construction and technical limitations in the current wave-breaking wall renovation work, further research is needed on how to obtain a wave-breaking wall that is both safe, beautiful and economically reasonable from the aspects of reducing the amount of work, saving investment, optimizing construction technology and ensuring the wave-cutting effect. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall. The present invention can obtain a wave-breaking wall and method that are both safe, beautiful and economical from the aspects of reducing the amount of work, saving investment, optimizing the construction process, and ensuring the wave-cutting effect.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0009] A construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall is applied to the assembly connection of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall and an original wave-breaking wall; wherein the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is a curved wave-breaking wall with a curved water-facing surface, and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall comprises a wave-breaking wall body, wherein two first sleeves are pre-buried on the top of the wave-breaking wall body; a plurality of second sleeves are pre-buried on the back surface of the wave-breaking wall body; at least one through groove is provided on the water-facing surface of the wave-breaking wall body near the bottom; and the steps included are as follows:

[0010] S1: The prefabricated wave-breaking wall is processed and prefabricated in the factory;

[0011] S2: transport the processed prefabricated wave-breaking wall to the construction site;

[0012] S3: Cleaning the original wave-breaking wall at the top of the dam;

[0013] S4: Determine the height of the support frame according to the design size, make the support frame, and then fix and install the support frame at the connection between the upstream slope protection and the original wave-breaking wall; the support frame is used as the installation base surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall;

[0014] S5: hoisting and placing the prefabricated wave-breaking wall on the support frame; the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is abutted against the original wave-breaking wall; a layered staggered structure is formed between the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall; the height difference between the top of the original wave-breaking wall and the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is the distance to be heightened; the gap formed between the original wave-breaking wall and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is used as a cast-in-place area at the top of the original wave-breaking wall;

[0015] S6: Fix and install the steel frame on the top of the original wave-breaking wall; thread one end of the stud bolt to the second sleeve corresponding to the position of the cast-in-place area; the other end of the stud bolt is bolted and fixed to the steel frame; the stud bolt and the steel frame form an internal support steel skeleton of the cast-in-place area;

[0016] S7: supporting a first formwork at the cast-in-place area, then pouring concrete into the cast-in-place area and curing it, and obtaining a first concrete body after curing and forming, wherein the top surface of the first concrete body is flush with the top surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall;

[0017] S8: dismantle the first template; then install the prefabricated gland on the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, with one end of the gland extending out in a hanging shape;

[0018] S9: The supporting frame is not disassembled, and the curved surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is subsequently used to perform wave-breaking treatment.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the support bracket is a frame structure; one side of the support bracket is fixedly connected to the original wave-breaking wall by expansion screws; a number of dowels are also provided on the upstream slope protection, and the dowels are positioned and installed on the other side of the support bracket to position and block the support bracket.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the prefabricated wave-breaking wall has a cam on one side and a groove on the other side that can be adapted and plugged with the cam; adjacent prefabricated wave-breaking walls are adapted and plugged into each other through the cam and the groove to form a mortise and tenon joint structure.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water-facing surface of the support frame has a plurality of vertical beams, and the vertical beams form diversion columns for dissipating wave energy; the space where the support frame is located forms an energy dissipation cavity, and the through groove is connected to the energy dissipation cavity.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the through groove is arranged at an angle; when water flows from the bottom of the through groove to the top of the through groove, the water flows away from the original wave-breaking wall.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, S7 further includes pre-embedding a third sleeve in the first concrete body, and the specific method is:

[0024] The auxiliary locator is used to locate the position of the third sleeve; wherein the auxiliary locator comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, at least one connecting rod is connected between the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece; the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are arranged in parallel; a positioning hole corresponding to the position of the first sleeve is provided on the first connecting piece; a mounting hole is provided on the gland, and a positioning hole is also provided on the second connecting piece, and the positioning hole is adapted to correspond to the mounting hole on the gland; a second bolt is passed through the positioning hole of the second connecting piece, and the bottom end of the second bolt is threadedly connected to the third sleeve;

[0025] First, before pouring construction, use the first sleeve on the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall as the positioning base point, align the positioning hole with the first sleeve, and then use a suitable screw to screw it into the first sleeve to achieve bolting of the first connecting piece and the first sleeve; when the first connecting piece is positioned, the third sleeve on the second connecting piece is automatically positioned;

[0026] Second, after positioning is completed, pour concrete into the cast-in-place area to construct the first concrete body;

[0027] Third, after the concrete solidifies, the second bolt is unscrewed and removed, the second bolt is screwed out of the third sleeve, and the third sleeve remains in the first concrete body;

[0028] Fourth, unscrew the screws on the first connecting piece and disassemble the auxiliary positioner.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, S9 may also be replaced by the following method:

[0030] S91: Remove the support frame;

[0031] S92: supporting a second template obliquely arranged between the upstream slope protection and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, wherein the second template and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the area between the original wave-breaking wall form a casting cavity;

[0032] S93: using the through groove as a pouring port, pouring concrete into the pouring cavity through the through groove to obtain a second concrete body;

[0033] S94: The second formwork is removed, and the second concrete body has an inclined surface tangent to the bottom end of the arc surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, forming a guiding section for guiding waves to climb the slope.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, it also includes S95: an energy dissipation tire is inserted in the through groove, the bottom end of the energy dissipation tire is pre-buried in the second concrete body, and a plurality of the energy dissipation tires form a flexible energy dissipation retaining wall, which can achieve wave reduction when in use.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first concrete body and the second concrete body are made of marine concrete.

[0036] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention adopts a combined construction method of "factory prefabrication + on-site assembly + partial casting", and places the construction of the curved wave-breaking wall, which is the most difficult to construct, in the factory for processing and prefabrication, which can effectively improve the construction efficiency, reduce the structural difficulty of on-site construction, and realize standardized and efficient production; the prefabricated wave-breaking wall adopts a curved wave-breaking wall, and transforms the existing upright original wave-breaking wall into a curved prefabricated wave-breaking wall. The wave energy is reduced by the curved effect of the curved wave-breaking wall, which has a good energy dissipation effect.

[0038] 2. In the construction process of the present invention, a "side-mounted" assembly method is adopted, and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is mounted on one side of the original wave-breaking wall to form a layered staggered structure. The distance of the heightened section can be adjusted according to actual conditions. It has a wide range of applications, few limitations, can meet different dam heightening requirements, and has high flexibility in use.

[0039] 3. The present invention utilizes the supporting frame at the bottom as a temporary support, which is easy to install; utilizes the first concrete body on the side as the main bearing point, which has high strength, large bearing capacity, and is firm and stable; the stud bolts and the steel frame arranged in the first concrete body form an internal supporting steel structure after the concrete is poured, and there is no need to tie the steel cage, which is convenient to construct and has a stable structure, forming a double-layer composite structure with the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall, which not only realizes the effective utilization of the original wave-breaking wall without the need for excavation, but also saves a large amount of on-site formwork workload, which can improve construction efficiency while also having durability.

[0040] 4. The support frame in the present invention plays a supporting role during construction; after construction, the frame structure characteristics are utilized to form an energy dissipation cavity, which, in conjunction with the through grooves of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, can achieve wave diversion, wave reflection and breaking, and reduce impact force. At the same time, the waves after diversion can collide with each other through the through grooves, and the collision and offset between the water flows can be utilized to further dissipate the wave energy and achieve a better energy dissipation effect.

[0041] 5. The second concrete body provided in the present invention can construct an inclined surface for guiding wave-breaking and climbing, which is conducive to the smooth climbing and energy dissipation guidance of wave-breaking; at the same time, the through groove provided by the prefabricated wave-breaking wall can be used as a weight-reducing hole during hoisting, and can be used as a pouring port when constructing the second concrete, killing two birds with one stone, achieving both weight-reducing hoisting and convenient pouring.

[0042] 6. The present invention buries energy dissipation tires in the through grooves, and a plurality of energy dissipation tires form a flexible energy dissipation retaining wall, which can reduce and disperse the waves when in use. The flexible and elastic characteristics of the tires can effectively unload the force, thereby achieving the purpose of energy dissipation; at the same time, the waste tires are utilized, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a dam and a wave-breaking wall structure in the prior art.

[0045] Figure 2 The prefabricated wave-breaking wall of the present invention is a three-dimensional structure. Figure 1 .

[0046] Figure 3 The prefabricated wave-breaking wall of the present invention is a three-dimensional structure. Figure 2 .

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall during construction in the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall during construction in the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0049] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Main view of the structural connection between the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall.

[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first concrete body after being cast in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram after the prefabricated gland, the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the first concrete body are assembled.

[0052] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure between the gland and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall in the present invention.

[0053] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A structural stereogram of the present invention.

[0054] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steel frame in the second embodiment.

[0055] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of region B in the middle.

[0056] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary positioner in the present invention.

[0057] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 Top view of the auxiliary positioner.

[0058] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention after construction is completed.

[0059] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second concrete body in Example 3.

[0060] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention with an energy dissipating tire.

[0061] Fig.18 yes Fig.17 The front view of the structure of the present invention.

[0062] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the path of waves when the supporting frame and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall cooperate to cut waves.

[0063] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram when the second formwork is erected during the construction of the second concrete body.

[0064] Description of reference numerals:

[0065] 1. embankment; 2. upstream slope protection; 3. downstream slope protection; 4. original wave-breaking wall; 5. embankment top road surface; 6. wave-breaking wall body; 61. cam; 62. groove; 63. first sleeve; 64. through groove; 65. second sleeve; 7. support frame; 71. dowel; 8. steel frame; 81. through hole; 9. stud bolt; 10. locking nut; 11. first formwork; 12. first concrete body; 121. third sleeve; 13. gland; 14. first bolt; 15. second concrete body; 16. energy-dissipating tire; a1. first connecting plate; a2. second connecting plate; a3. connecting rod; a4. positioning hole; a5. second bolt; b1. second formwork; b2. steel vertical support; b3. top support; b4. pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0068] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0070] Embodiment 1:

[0071] like Figure 1As shown, the traditional wave-breaking wall is mostly upright, and the materials used generally include mortar (cast) block stone, concrete and reinforced concrete. In this embodiment, it is a reinforced concrete structure; the original wave-breaking wall 4 is arranged on the water side of the dam top 1, and the upstream slope protection 2 and the downstream slope protection 3 are arranged on both sides of the dam 1, and the dam top is provided with a dam top road surface 5.

[0072] like Figure 2 - Fig.15 As shown, this embodiment proposes a construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall, which is applied to the assembly connection of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4; wherein the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is an arc-shaped wave-breaking wall with an arc surface on the water-facing surface, and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall includes a wave-breaking wall body 6, and two first sleeves 63 are pre-embedded on the top of the wave-breaking wall body 6 for hoisting or use as other connection points; a plurality of second sleeves 65 are pre-embedded on the back water surface of the wave-breaking wall body 6; the first sleeve 63 and the second sleeve 65 are both cylindrical structures with one end closed and the other end open, and both have internal threads inside.

[0073] The water-facing surface of the wave-breaking wall body 6 is provided with at least one through groove 64 near the bottom; in the present embodiment, a prefabricated wave-breaking wall has two through grooves 64, which can be used as weight-reducing holes on the one hand, and can also be used as water flow outlets or casting outlets on the other hand, as will be described below for details.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, one side of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall has a protrusion 61, and the other side has a groove 62 that can be adapted and plugged with the protrusion 61; adjacent prefabricated wave-breaking walls are adapted and plugged into each other through the protrusion 61 and the groove 62 to form a mortise and tenon plug-in structure. The prefabricated wave-breaking wall is prefabricated as a whole and assembled in blocks, and a rubber water stop can be set in the gap between adjacent prefabricated wave-breaking walls for sealing.

[0075] The prefabricated wave-breaking wall structure proposed in this embodiment has the following characteristics:

[0076] (1) The overall prefabricated assembly design is adopted, the overall structure is simple, the overall quality is easy to control, and it is processed and manufactured in the factory, which improves the construction efficiency.

[0077] (2) Two adjacent prefabricated wave-breaking walls can be spliced ​​together to form a whole, which is quick and effective to assemble.

[0078] (3) The construction efficiency is high and multiple working surface construction can be realized quickly, which saves manpower and machine hours, reduces costs and greatly saves construction time.

[0079] (4) Prefabricated wave-breaking walls can be prefabricated in units of 1 m, which is applicable to conditions where the width of the embankment top is limited. Only a small-tonnage crane is required for hoisting.

[0080] This embodiment proposes a construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall, which includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Prefabricated wave-breaking walls are processed and prefabricated in the factory. Prefabricated production in the factory can be processed in large quantities with high production efficiency.

[0082] S2: Transport the processed prefabricated wave-breaking wall to the construction site; the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is a segmented structure, which is easy to hoist and transport.

[0083] S3: Clean the original wave-breaking wall 4 at the top of the dam 1; after the top of the wall is treated, there is no milk skin or rough surface, and it is clean without water accumulation or residue accumulation;

[0084] S4: Determine the height of the support frame 7 according to the design size, make the support frame 7, and then fix the support frame 7 at the connection between the upstream slope protection 2 and the original wave-breaking wall 4; the support frame 7 is used as the installation base of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall. In this step, the height of the support frame 7 is determined according to the size of the original wave-breaking wall 4 to be raised. The bottom of the support frame 7 is an inclined structure, and its inclination is determined according to the actual inclination of the upstream slope protection 2 to ensure that the bottom of the support frame 7 can fit the upstream slope protection 2; the top of the support frame 7 is a flat structure, which is used as the base surface for bearing the prefabricated wave-breaking wall.

[0085] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the support frame 7 is a frame structure; one side of the support frame 7 is fixedly connected to the original wave-breaking wall 4 by expansion screws, which plays a positioning role; a number of dowel bars 71 are also provided on the upstream slope protection 2, and the dowel bars 71 are positioned and installed on the other side of the support frame 7 to position and block the support frame 7 to prevent the support frame 7 from sliding downward. The dowel bars 71 can be made of threaded steel, and a hole is drilled at a specified position using a drilling rig, and then the dowel bars 71 are inserted into the formed hole.

[0086] S5: hoist the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and place it on the supporting frame 7; the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is abutted against the original wave-breaking wall 4; a layered staggered structure is formed between the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4; the height difference between the top of the original wave-breaking wall 4 and the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is the distance to be raised; the gap formed between the original wave-breaking wall 4 and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is used as a cast-in-place area at the top of the original wave-breaking wall 4.

[0087] S6: Install the steel frame 8 on the top of the original wave-breaking wall 4; thread one end of the stud bolt 9 to the second sleeve 65 corresponding to the position of the cast-in-place area; the other end of the stud bolt 9 is bolted and fixed to the steel frame 8; the stud bolt 9 and the steel frame 8 form an internal support steel skeleton of the cast-in-place area. In this step, the steel frame 8 can be a steel plate, and the steel plate has a through hole 81 for installing the stud bolt 9, and the through hole 81 can be a round hole; a number of anchor bolts are installed on the top of the original wave-breaking wall 4, and the bottom of the steel plate can be welded or bolted to the anchor bolts, and the steel plate and the original wave-breaking wall 4 are connected as a whole. During construction, the steel plate is used as a reaction frame, and the locking nut 10 is screwed on the stud bolt 9. Tighten the locking nut 10 with force to achieve the tension and fixation between the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4, and the gap between the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4 can be filled with sealant.

[0088] S7: Support the first formwork 11 at the cast-in-place area, then pour concrete into the cast-in-place area and maintain it, and obtain the first concrete body 12 after maintenance and forming, and the top surface of the first concrete body 12 is flush with the top surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall. After the concrete is poured, the stud bolts 9 and the steel frame 8 form an internal support steel structure, and there is no need to tie the steel cage. The construction is convenient and the structure is stable. It forms a double-layer composite structure with the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4, which not only realizes the effective utilization of the original wave-breaking wall 4 without excavation, but also saves a lot of on-site formwork workload, which can improve construction efficiency and durability.

[0089] S8: dismantle the first template 11, and then install the prefabricated gland 13 on the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, with one end of the gland 13 extending out in a hanging shape. The gland 13 is prefabricated with concrete.

[0090] S9: The support frame 7 is not disassembled, and subsequently cooperates with the curved surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall to perform wave-breaking treatment. Specifically:

[0091] The water-facing surface of the support frame 7 has a plurality of vertical beams, which form diversion columns for dissipating energy of waves; the space where the support frame 7 is located forms an energy dissipation cavity, and the through groove 64 is connected to the energy dissipation cavity. In some embodiments of the present invention, the through groove 64 is arranged at an angle; when the water flows from the bottom of the through groove 64 to the top of the through groove 64, the water flows away from the original wave-breaking wall 4.

[0092] When using, Fig.19As shown, when the waves come to the support frame 7, they are first diverted and energy-dissipated by several vertical beams on the support frame 7. A part of the waves move up along the arc surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, and a part of the waves enter the energy-dissipating cavity at the support frame 7. After the waves collide with the energy-dissipating cavity, a part of the water flow will be shot upward along the through groove 64, collide and reflect with the waves moving along the arc surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, and realize the collision energy dissipation between the two streams of water, reduce the energy, further reduce the energy of the waves, and achieve a better energy dissipation effect. It can be seen that the support frame 7 plays a supporting role during construction; after construction, the energy dissipation cavity is formed by utilizing its frame structure characteristics, and the through groove 64 of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall can realize the diversion of waves, realize wave reflection and breaking, and reduce the impact force. At the same time, the waves after diversion can collide with each other through the through groove 64, which has a good energy dissipation effect.

[0093] Working principle:

[0094] The present invention adopts a combined construction method of "factory prefabrication + on-site assembly + partial casting", and places the construction of the curved wave-breaking wall, which is the most difficult to construct, in the factory for processing and prefabrication, which can effectively improve the construction efficiency, reduce the structural difficulty of on-site construction, and realize standardized and efficient production; the prefabricated wave-breaking wall adopts a curved wave-breaking wall, and transforms the existing upright original wave-breaking wall 4 into a curved prefabricated wave-breaking wall. The wave energy is reduced by the curved effect of the curved wave-breaking wall, which has a good energy dissipation effect.

[0095] In the construction process of the present invention, a "side-mounted" assembly method is adopted, and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is mounted on one side of the original wave-breaking wall 4 to form a layered staggered structure. The distance of the heightened section can be adjusted according to actual conditions. It has a wide range of applications and few limitations. It can meet different dam 1 heightening requirements and has high flexibility in use.

[0096] In the present invention, the bottom support frame 7 is used as a temporary support, which is easy to install; the first concrete body 12 on the side is used as the main bearing point, which has high strength, large bearing capacity, and is firm and stable; the stud bolts 9 and the steel frame 8 arranged in the first concrete body 12 form an internal supporting steel structure after the concrete is poured, and there is no need to tie the steel cage, which is convenient to construct and has a stable structure. A double-layer composite structure is formed with the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4, which not only realizes the effective utilization of the original wave-breaking wall 4 without excavation, but also saves a lot of on-site formwork workload, which can improve construction efficiency while also having durability.

[0097] like Figure 11-12 As shown, other structures in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, the through hole 81 provided on the steel frame 8 is a strip groove, which is used to facilitate the upper and lower position adjustment of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall so as to enable fine adjustment.

[0098] Embodiment 2:

[0099] like Fig.13 - Fig.15 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, S7 also includes pre-embedding the third sleeve 121 in the first concrete body 12, and the specific method is:

[0100] An auxiliary locator is used to locate the position of the third sleeve 121; wherein the auxiliary locator includes a first connecting piece a1 and a second connecting piece a2, and at least one connecting rod a3 is connected between the first connecting piece a1 and the second connecting piece a2; the first connecting piece a1 and the second connecting piece a2 are arranged in parallel, and when the position of the first connecting piece a1 is determined, the position of the second connecting piece a2 is naturally and automatically located, and no adjustment or verification is required, which is convenient for workers to construct; a positioning hole a4 corresponding to the position of the first sleeve 63 is provided on the first connecting piece a1; a mounting hole is provided on the pressure cover 13, and a positioning hole a4 is also provided on the second connecting piece a2, and the positioning hole a4 is adapted to correspond to the mounting hole on the pressure cover 13; a second bolt a5 is passed through the positioning hole a4 of the second connecting piece a2, and the bottom end of the second bolt a5 is threadedly connected to the third sleeve 121; the top of the third sleeve 121 is arranged flush with the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall. A first bolt 14 is provided at the mounting hole of the gland 13 , and the first bolt 14 can be threadedly connected with the first sleeve 63 and the third sleeve 121 .

[0101] The specific construction method is:

[0102] First, before pouring construction, use the first sleeve 63 on the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall as the positioning base point, align the positioning hole a4 with the first sleeve 63, and then use a suitable screw to screw it to the first sleeve 63 to achieve the bolted connection between the first connecting piece a1 and the first sleeve 63. The screw can be a stainless steel hexagonal head bolt; when the first connecting piece a1 is positioned, the third sleeve 121 on the second connecting piece a2 is automatically positioned.

[0103] Second, after positioning is completed, concrete is poured into the cast-in-place area to construct the first concrete body 12.

[0104] Third, after the concrete solidifies, the second bolt a5 is unscrewed and removed, and the second bolt a5 is screwed out of the third sleeve 121, and the third sleeve 121 remains in the first concrete body 12; it should be noted that the third sleeve 121 is a cylindrical structure with an open top and a closed bottom.

[0105] Fourth, unscrew the screws on the first connecting piece a1, release the limit of the auxiliary positioner, and then disassemble the auxiliary positioner.

[0106] It can be seen that the provision of the auxiliary positioner greatly improves the installation speed of the third sleeve 121, and can be quickly positioned and installed with high precision and speed.

[0107] Embodiment three:

[0108] like Fig.16 - Fig.18 as well as Fig. 20 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, S9 in the above construction method can also be replaced by the following method:

[0109] S91: Considering the service life, the corrosion resistance of the support bracket 7 is relatively poor after all, so the support bracket 7 is removed.

[0110] S92: A second template b1 is set obliquely between the upstream slope protection 2 and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, and a casting cavity is formed in the area between the second template b1 and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall 4. In this step, the specific construction method of the second template b1 is: the second template b1 of suitable size is processed and manufactured in advance, the second template b1 is transported to the construction site, and a plurality of anchors are drilled and installed at the design position of the upstream slope protection, and the anchors are arranged at intervals; the anchors are expansion bolts or chemical bolts; the bottom end of the steel vertical support b2 has a ground hole adapted to the anchor, and the steel vertical support b2 is connected to the anchor through the ground hole; the steel vertical support b2 is provided with at least one layer of top support b3 from top to bottom, and the top support b3 is threadedly connected to the steel vertical support b2, and a pad b4 is padded between one end of the top support b3 and the second template b1, which plays a role in protecting the template. When in use, the top support b3 is screwed, and the top support b3 moves to tighten the second template b1, so that the second template b1 is positioned and installed.

[0111] S93: Use the through groove 64 as a pouring port, pour concrete into the pouring cavity through the through groove 64 to obtain the second concrete body 15; use the gap between the second template b1 and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall as an exhaust hole to squeeze out any remaining moisture and gas during vibration, and avoid the honeycomb / rough surface phenomenon after demolding as much as possible.

[0112] S94: The second formwork b1 is removed, and the second concrete body 15 has an inclined surface tangent to the bottom end of the arc surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, forming a guiding section for guiding waves to climb the slope.

[0113] The present invention sets the second concrete body 15 to replace the support frame 7, and can construct an inclined plane for guiding wave-breaking and climbing, which is conducive to achieving smooth climbing and energy dissipation guidance of wave-breaking; at the same time, the through groove 64 of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall can be used as a weight-reducing hole during hoisting, and can be used as a pouring port during the construction of the second concrete, killing two birds with one stone, achieving both weight-reducing hoisting and convenient pouring. In addition, the second concrete body 15 of the concrete structure has better bearing capacity and longer service life than the support frame 7.

[0114] It should be noted that although the use of the second cylinder improves the durability of the structure, it is not as good as the supporting frame 7 in terms of energy dissipation effect. Based on this problem, further optimization has been made. In some embodiments of the present invention, it also includes S95: an energy dissipation tire 16 is inserted in the through groove 64, and the bottom end of the energy dissipation tire 16 is pre-buried in the second concrete body 15. A plurality of the energy dissipation tires 16 form a flexible energy dissipation retaining wall, which can achieve wave dissipation when in use.

[0115] The present invention buries an energy dissipation tire 16 in the through groove 64. A plurality of energy dissipation tires 16 form a flexible energy dissipation retaining wall, which can reduce and disperse the waves when in use. The flexible and elastic characteristics of the tires can effectively unload the force, thereby achieving the purpose of energy dissipation. At the same time, the waste tires are utilized, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0116] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first concrete body 12 and the second concrete body 15 are made of marine engineering concrete to improve durability.

[0117] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the invention in conjunction with the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall, applied to the assembly and connection of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall with an original wave-breaking wall (4); characterized in that: The prefabricated wave-breaking wall is a curved wave-breaking wall with a water-facing surface as a curved surface. The prefabricated wave-breaking wall comprises a wave-breaking wall body (6), the top of which is pre-buried with two first sleeves (63); a back-to-water surface of the wave-breaking wall body (6) is pre-buried with a plurality of second sleeves (65); the water-facing surface of the wave-breaking wall body (6) is provided with at least one through groove (64) at a position close to the bottom; and the steps are as follows: S1: The prefabricated wave-breaking wall is processed and prefabricated in the factory; S2: transport the processed prefabricated wave-breaking wall to the construction site; S3: cleaning the original wave-breaking wall (4) at the crest of the dam (1); S4: Determine the height of the support frame (7) according to the design dimensions, manufacture the support frame (7), and then fix the support frame (7) at the connection between the upstream slope protection (2) and the original wave-breaking wall (4); the support frame (7) is used as the installation base surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall; S5: hoisting and placing the prefabricated wave-breaking wall on the support frame (7); the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is butted against the original wave-breaking wall (4); a layered staggered structure is formed between the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall (4); the height difference between the top of the original wave-breaking wall (4) and the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is the distance to be raised; the gap formed between the original wave-breaking wall (4) and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is used as a cast-in-place area at the top of the original wave-breaking wall (4); S6: a steel frame (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the original wave-breaking wall (4); one end of a stud bolt (9) is threadedly connected to a second sleeve (65) corresponding to the position of the cast-in-place area; the other end of the stud bolt (9) is bolted and fixed to the steel frame (8); the stud bolt (9) and the steel frame (8) form an internal supporting steel skeleton of the cast-in-place area; S7: supporting a first formwork (11) at the cast-in-place area, then pouring concrete into the cast-in-place area and curing it, and obtaining a first concrete body (12) after curing and forming, wherein the top surface of the first concrete body (12) is flush with the top surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall; S8: disassembling the first template (11); then installing the prefabricated gland (13) on the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, with one end of the gland (13) extending out in a suspended shape; S9: The support frame (7) is not disassembled, and is subsequently used in conjunction with the curved surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall to perform wave-breaking treatment.

2. A construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (7) is a frame structure; one side of the support frame (7) is fixedly connected to the original wave-breaking wall (4) by means of expansion screws; a plurality of dowel bars (71) are also provided on the upstream slope protection (2); the dowel bars (71) are positioned and installed on the other side of the support frame (7) to position and block the support frame (7).

3. The construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated wave-breaking wall has a protrusion (61) on one side and a groove (62) that can be adapted and plugged with the protrusion (61) on the other side; adjacent prefabricated wave-breaking walls are adapted and plugged together by the protrusions (61) and the grooves (62) to form a mortise and tenon plug-in structure.

4. A construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-facing surface of the support frame (7) is provided with a plurality of vertical beams, the vertical beams forming diversion columns for dissipating wave energy; the space where the support frame (7) is located forms an energy dissipation cavity, and the through groove (64) is connected to the energy dissipation cavity.

5. A construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through groove (64) is arranged at an inclination; when water flows from the bottom of the through groove (64) to the top of the through groove (64), the water flows in a direction away from the original wave-breaking wall (4).

6. The construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: S7 also includes pre-embedding a third sleeve (121) in the first concrete body (12), and the specific method is as follows: The third sleeve (121) is positioned using an auxiliary positioner; wherein the auxiliary positioner comprises a first connecting piece (a1) and a second connecting piece (a2), wherein at least one connecting rod (a3) ​​is connected between the first connecting piece (a1) and the second connecting piece (a2); the first connecting piece (a1) and the second connecting piece (a2) are arranged in parallel; a positioning hole (a4) corresponding to the position of the first sleeve (63) is provided on the first connecting piece (a1); a mounting hole is provided on the pressure cover (13), and a positioning hole (a4) is also provided on the second connecting piece (a2), wherein the positioning hole (a4) is adapted to correspond to the mounting hole on the pressure cover (13); a second bolt (a5) is passed through the positioning hole (a4) of the second connecting piece (a2), and the bottom end of the second bolt (a5) is threadedly connected to the third sleeve (121); First, before pouring construction, the first sleeve (63) at the top of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall is used as a positioning base point, the positioning hole (a4) is aligned with the first sleeve (63), and then a suitable screw is used to screw it to the first sleeve (63) to achieve bolting of the first connecting piece (a1) and the first sleeve (63); when the first connecting piece (a1) is positioned, the third sleeve (121) on the second connecting piece (a2) is automatically positioned; Second, after the positioning is completed, concrete is poured into the cast-in-place area to construct the first concrete body (12); Third, after the concrete solidifies, the second bolt (a5) is screwed off, the second bolt (a5) is screwed out of the third sleeve (121), and the third sleeve (121) remains in the first concrete body (12); Fourth, unscrew the screws on the first connecting piece (a1) and remove the auxiliary positioner.

7. The construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: S9 uses the following method instead: S91: Remove the support frame (7); S92: supporting a second template (b1) obliquely arranged between the upstream slope protection (2) and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, wherein the area between the second template (b1) and the prefabricated wave-breaking wall and the original wave-breaking wall (4) forms a casting cavity; S93: using the through groove (64) as a pouring port, pouring concrete into the pouring cavity through the through groove (64) to obtain a second concrete body (15); S94: The second formwork (b1) is removed, and the second concrete body (15) has an inclined surface tangent to the bottom end of the arc surface of the prefabricated wave-breaking wall, forming a guide section for guiding waves to climb the slope.

8. A construction method for a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises S95: an energy dissipation tire (16) is inserted into the through groove (64), the bottom end of the energy dissipation tire (16) is pre-buried in the second concrete body (15), and a plurality of the energy dissipation tires (16) form a flexible energy dissipation retaining wall, which can achieve wave dissipation when in use.

9. The construction method of a prefabricated wave-breaking wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first concrete body (12) and the second concrete body (15) are made of marine concrete.

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