A two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology
By adopting a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna design based on LOP packaging technology in millimeter wave vehicle-mounted radar antenna, using a compact feeding network and H-side feeder of different sizes, the interference problem caused by inconsistent port width is solved and the antenna thickness is reduced and cost, efficient waveguide conversion and performance improvements are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411412358.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-10-11
AI Technical Summary
When the existing millimeter-wave vehicle-mounted radar antenna adopts the H-side feeder structure, there is a problem of inconsistent port widths leading to interference. In the prior art, in order to solve structural size interference, two layers of E-side feeder structures with larger thickness are usually used, resulting in antenna thickness. and higher cost.
采用基于LOP封装技术的两层低成本波导天线设计，利用第一天线层和第二天线层的紧凑型馈电网络和8条H面馈线，通过不同尺寸的H面馈线设计，实现8个端口的独立波导转换结构，并通过纯金属或塑料金属制作降低天线厚度和成本。
The independent waveguide conversion of 8 ports is realized, which avoids dimensional interference problems, reduces the antenna thickness and cost, and reduces the antenna weight through the H-side feeder design, improves production efficiency and performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN118920107B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna, in particular to a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology, belonging to the technical field of antennas. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of the domestic economy and the improvement of people's living standards, cars have begun to enter thousands of households as an important means of transportation, but the traffic problems caused by this have become increasingly prominent. As an active anti-collision device that can alarm, vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar has attracted more and more attention. Millimeter-wave vehicle-mounted radar is a vehicle-mounted radar technology based on the millimeter-wave frequency band. A technical device that uses radar principles for vehicle perception and environmental perception, it detects surrounding objects and obstacles by transmitting and receiving millimeter-wave signals, thereby realizing the vehicle's autonomous navigation, obstacle avoidance, and automatic driving functions. Millimeter-wave vehicle-mounted radar mainly operates in the millimeter-wave frequency band, usually in the frequency band of 30GHz to 300GHz. Compared with low-frequency radars, millimeter-wave radars have higher resolution and more precise detection capabilities, and can provide more accurate environmental perception.
[0003] In recent years, chip manufacturers have proposed the chip packaging technology of Launcher in Package to reduce antenna feed line loss, dielectric loss and how to improve overall radiation performance. The Launcher_in_Package solution in millimeter-wave radar antenna is a solution that highly integrates the radar transceiver (Launcher) and the antenna system in a single package. This solution aims to improve the performance, reliability and cost-effectiveness of the radar system while reducing the system size and weight for easy integration in various applications. The core idea is to integrate the radar's transmit and receive functions and antenna array into a compact package. This integration method reduces the connection and wiring between the components in the traditional radar system, thereby reducing signal loss and interference and improving the overall performance of the system. The advantage of this solution is that the highly integrated transceiver and antenna system can provide higher sensitivity and more accurate measurement capabilities, thereby improving the detection range and accuracy of the radar system. At the same time, the connection and wiring between components are reduced, the potential failure points are reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved. By reducing the number of components and simplifying the production process, the manufacturing cost can be reduced while improving production efficiency. Thanks to the compact package, millimeter-wave radar antennas are easier to integrate into various applications, such as self-driving cars, drones, robots, etc.
[0004] For the waveguide interface of LOP, it is necessary to connect the chip port and the feed port of the waveguide antenna. There are two common feeder connection forms, H-plane feeder and E-plane feeder, and there is no obvious difference in performance between the two. However, combined with the port size of the chip, most existing solutions use E-plane feeder to design antenna solutions, and most antenna solutions are composed of two layers of metal or plastic metal. If H-plane feeder is used, 2 or more antenna layers are required to ensure antenna performance.
[0005] The existing antenna solution for LOP chips uses an E-plane feeder to achieve simultaneous feeding of 8 antenna ports. The waveguide feeder size is usually about 2.4mm*1.0mm for 76-81G millimeter wave radar frequency points. Figure 7 As shown, in order to realize processing and manufacturing, the feeder is usually split in the middle to form Figure 7 The first layer and the second layer are shown. To this end, the first layer and the second layer both have a certain thickness (> 1 mm).
[0006] Figure 8 P1-P8 are 8 ports of the two-layer solution. If the existing solution adopts the H-plane feeder structure, the port width is at least 2.4mm. At this time, there is interference between port P6 and ports P5 and P7 (the straight-line spacing between P5 and P7 is 3mm). At the same time, if one port size is used, there will be dimensional interference between ports that are perpendicular to each other.
[0007] In summary, the defects of the prior art are:
[0008] 1. The E-surface waveguide feeder structure is adopted, with a height of 2.4 mm, and the first and second layers formed have a certain thickness;
[0009] 2. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of structural size interference, the feeder of the two-layer antenna solution with a certain thickness can only adopt an E-plane feeder structure to form a corresponding feeding network of 8 ports. Summary of the invention
[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology, thereby reducing the thickness and cost of the antenna.
[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0012] A two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology comprises a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and a LOP chip, wherein the first antenna layer is detachably arranged on one side of the second antenna layer, 8 groups of antenna radiation slots are arranged on the first antenna layer, a compact feeding network and 8 waveguide slot array antennas are arranged on one side of the second antenna layer, the 8 waveguide slot array antennas are arranged corresponding to the 8 groups of antenna radiation slots, the 8 waveguide slot array antennas are connected to one side of the compact feeding network, the LOP chip is connected to the other side of the compact feeding network and is located on the other side of the second antenna layer, and the compact feeding network comprises 8 H-plane feed lines.
[0013] Furthermore, the first antenna layer is made of pure metal and has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the second antenna layer is made of pure metal or plastic metal.
[0014] Furthermore, the antenna radiation slot is a 6-element antenna radiation slot.
[0015] Furthermore, a first groove is respectively arranged on both sides of each group of antenna radiation slots on the first antenna layer, and the first groove is arranged along the length direction of the antenna radiation slot. A second groove is respectively arranged on both sides of each waveguide slot array antenna on the second antenna layer, and the number and position of the second grooves correspond one-to-one to the first grooves.
[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of third grooves are arranged on the outer edge of the first antenna layer, and a positioning protrusion corresponding to the third grooves is arranged on one side edge of the second antenna layer.
[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of screw holes are formed on the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer, and the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer are connected by bolts.
[0018] Furthermore, the eight H-plane feeders are respectively a first H-plane feeder, a second H-plane feeder, a third H-plane feeder, a fourth H-plane feeder, a fifth H-plane feeder, a sixth H-plane feeder, a seventh H-plane feeder and an eighth H-plane feeder, the port width of the first H-plane feeder is 2.6 mm, the port width of the second H-plane feeder is 2.5 mm, the port width of the third H-plane feeder is 2.67 mm, the port width of the fourth H-plane feeder is 2.98 mm, the port width of the fifth H-plane feeder is 2.7 mm, the port width of the sixth H-plane feeder is 2.5 mm, the port width of the seventh H-plane feeder is 2.6 mm, and the port width of the eighth H-plane feeder is 2.98 mm.
[0019] Further, the first H-plane feeder, the third H-plane feeder, the fifth H-plane feeder and the seventh H-plane feeder are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the compact feeding network, and the second H-plane feeder, the fourth H-plane feeder, the sixth H-plane feeder and the eighth H-plane feeder are arranged along the transverse direction of the compact feeding network, wherein the first H-plane feeder and the seventh H-plane feeder are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the eighth H-plane feeder, and the second H-plane feeder and the sixth H-plane feeder are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fifth H-plane feeder.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
[0021] 1. The eight ports of the present invention use H-plane feed lines of different sizes, that is, different waveguide conversion structures of the eight ports are realized, solving the size interference problem existing when all H-plane feed lines are used;
[0022] 2. All ports of the present invention use H-plane feeders, the feeder height becomes about 1 mm, the thickness of the antenna becomes thinner, and the weight of the antenna is reduced. In addition, the first antenna layer can be made of metal sheet and the second antenna layer can be made of pure metal or plastic metal, which reduces the cost of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 The invention is a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology. Figure 1 .
[0025] Figure 3 The invention is a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology. Figure 2 .
[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a compact feeding network of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of S parameters of 8 ports on the compact feed network chip side of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of S parameters of 8 ports on the antenna side of the compact feeding network of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a two-layer antenna based on a LOP chip in the prior art.
[0030] Figure 8 It is a feeder structure diagram of a two-layer antenna based on a LOP chip in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to elaborate on the technical scheme adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined technical purpose, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and the technical means or technical features in the embodiments of the present invention can be replaced without paying creative work. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology of the present invention comprises a first antenna layer 1, a second antenna layer 2 and a LOP chip 3. The first antenna layer 1 is detachably arranged on one side of the second antenna layer 2. Eight groups of antenna radiation slots 4 are arranged on the first antenna layer 1. A compact feeding network 5 and eight waveguide slot array antennas 6 are arranged on one side of the second antenna layer 2. The eight waveguide slot array antennas 6 are arranged corresponding to the eight groups of antenna radiation slots 4. The eight waveguide slot array antennas 6 are connected to one side of the compact feeding network 5. The LOP chip 3 is connected to the other side of the compact feeding network 5 and is located on the other side of the second antenna layer 2. The compact feeding network 5 comprises eight H-plane feeders.
[0033] The first antenna layer 1 is made of pure metal and has a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm, and the second antenna layer 2 is made of pure metal or plastic metal. Since all H-plane feed lines are used, the feed line height of the present application becomes about 1mm, and the thickness of the antenna becomes thinner, so that the first antenna layer 1 can be made entirely of metal sheet etching. Compared with the two-piece plastic metal antenna in the prior art, the production cost of the present application is lower.
[0034] The antenna radiation slot 4 is a 6-element antenna radiation slot. The number of element slots in the antenna radiation slot 4 can also be set according to the actual requirements of the radar for the antenna.
[0035] On the first antenna layer 1, a first groove 7 is provided on both sides of each group of antenna radiation slots 4, and the first groove 7 is provided along the length direction of the antenna radiation slots 4. On the second antenna layer 2, a second groove 8 is provided on both sides of each waveguide slot array antenna 6, and the number and position of the second grooves 8 correspond to the first grooves 7. The first grooves 7 are provided in pairs and symmetrically distributed on both sides of a group of antenna radiation slots 4, and the second grooves 8 are also provided in pairs and symmetrically distributed on both sides of a waveguide slot array antenna 6. Since some of the first grooves 7 and the second grooves 8 are located on the same straight line and partially overlap, the two first grooves 7 and the two second grooves 8 can be processed into a long strip. The provision of the first grooves 7 and the second grooves 8 can improve the antenna performance.
[0036] The antenna radiation slot 4 and the first groove 7 on the first antenna layer 1 can be made by etching process. Compared with the antenna of two pieces of plastic and metal in the prior art, the processing technology is simpler.
[0037] A plurality of third grooves 9 are provided on the outer edge of the first antenna layer 1, and a positioning protrusion 10 corresponding to the third grooves 9 is provided on one side edge of the second antenna layer 2. When the first antenna layer 1 and the second antenna layer 2 are installed, the third grooves 9 and the positioning protrusion 10 are used to achieve the installation and positioning of the first antenna layer 1 and the second antenna layer 2, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the first antenna layer 1 and the second antenna layer 2.
[0038] A plurality of screw holes 11 are formed on the first antenna layer 1 and the second antenna layer 2 , and the first antenna layer 1 and the second antenna layer 2 are connected by bolts.
[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the eight H-plane feeders are respectively a first H-plane feeder 12, a second H-plane feeder 13, a third H-plane feeder 14, a fourth H-plane feeder 15, a fifth H-plane feeder 16, a sixth H-plane feeder 17, a seventh H-plane feeder 18 and an eighth H-plane feeder 19, the port width of the first H-plane feeder 12 is 2.6 mm, the port width of the second H-plane feeder 13 is 2.5 mm, the port width of the third H-plane feeder 14 is 2.67 mm, the port width of the fourth H-plane feeder 15 is 2.98 mm, the port width of the fifth H-plane feeder 16 is 2.7 mm, the port width of the sixth H-plane feeder 17 is 2.5 mm, the port width of the seventh H-plane feeder 18 is 2.6 mm, and the port width of the eighth H-plane feeder 19 is 2.98 mm. By designing the port widths of the eight H-plane feeder ports, the impedances of ports with different port widths are tuned to ensure that the S parameters of each port meet the design requirements.
[0040] The first H-plane feeder 12, the third H-plane feeder 14, the fifth H-plane feeder 16 and the seventh H-plane feeder 18 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the compact feeding network 5, and the second H-plane feeder 13, the fourth H-plane feeder 15, the sixth H-plane feeder 17 and the eighth H-plane feeder 19 are arranged along the transverse direction of the compact feeding network 5, wherein the first H-plane feeder 12 and the seventh H-plane feeder 18 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the eighth H-plane feeder 19, and the second H-plane feeder 13 and the sixth H-plane feeder 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fifth H-plane feeder 16.
[0041] The S parameters of the 16 ports of the present invention are as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the S11 of the entire feeding network is less than -15dB in the range of 76GHz-80GHz.
[0042] The eight ports of the present invention use H-plane feeders of different sizes, that is, different waveguide conversion structures are realized for the eight ports, and the size interference problem existing when all H-plane feeders are used is solved; all ports of the present invention use H-plane feeders, and the feeder height becomes about 1 mm, the thickness of the antenna becomes thinner, and the weight of the antenna is reduced. In addition, the first antenna layer can use a metal sheet, and the second antenna layer can use pure metal or plastic metal, thereby reducing the cost of the antenna.
[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiments without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, based on the technical essence of the present invention, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. A two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first antenna layer, a second antenna layer and a LOP chip, wherein the first antenna layer is detachably arranged on one side of the second antenna layer, 8 groups of antenna radiation slots are arranged on the first antenna layer, a compact feeding network and 8 waveguide slot array antennas are arranged on one side of the second antenna layer, the 8 waveguide slot array antennas are arranged corresponding to the 8 groups of antenna radiation slots, the 8 waveguide slot array antennas are connected to one side of the compact feeding network, the LOP chip is connected to the other side of the compact feeding network and is located on the other side of the second antenna layer, and the compact feeding network comprises 8 H-plane feed lines; The eight H-plane feeders are respectively a first H-plane feeder, a second H-plane feeder, a third H-plane feeder, a fourth H-plane feeder, a fifth H-plane feeder, a sixth H-plane feeder, a seventh H-plane feeder and an eighth H-plane feeder, the port width of the first H-plane feeder is 2.6 mm, the port width of the second H-plane feeder is 2.5 mm, the port width of the third H-plane feeder is 2.67 mm, the port width of the fourth H-plane feeder is 2.98 mm, the port width of the fifth H-plane feeder is 2.7 mm, the port width of the sixth H-plane feeder is 2.5 mm, the port width of the seventh H-plane feeder is 2.6 mm, and the port width of the eighth H-plane feeder is 2.98 mm; The first H-plane feeder, the third H-plane feeder, the fifth H-plane feeder and the seventh H-plane feeder are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the compact feeding network, and the second H-plane feeder, the fourth H-plane feeder, the sixth H-plane feeder and the eighth H-plane feeder are arranged along the transverse direction of the compact feeding network, wherein the first H-plane feeder and the seventh H-plane feeder are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the eighth H-plane feeder, and the second H-plane feeder and the sixth H-plane feeder are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fifth H-plane feeder.
2. A two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antenna layer is made of pure metal and has a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the second antenna layer is made of pure metal or plastic metal.
3. The two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiation slot is a 6-element antenna radiation slot.
4. The two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first groove is arranged on both sides of each group of antenna radiation slots on the first antenna layer, and the first groove is arranged along the length direction of the antenna radiation slot. A second groove is arranged on both sides of each waveguide slot array antenna on the second antenna layer, and the number and position of the second grooves correspond to the first grooves one by one.
5. The two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of third grooves are arranged on the outer edge of the first antenna layer, and a positioning protrusion corresponding to the third grooves is arranged on one side edge of the second antenna layer.
6. The two-layer low-cost waveguide antenna based on LOP packaging technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of screw holes are formed on the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer, and the first antenna layer and the second antenna layer are connected by bolts.