A separable, lossless and reversible data hiding method for information security

Abstract

The present invention discloses a separable lossless and reversible data hiding method for information security. The method adopts secret state computing embedding and extraction logic, combined with homomorphic encryption technology and multi-region folding technology, to optimize the embedding efficiency and distortion of information. In the preprocessing stage, the method initializes the grayscale image and selects the secret message for binary conversion. In the data embedding stage, the DJN encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the message and pixel, and the size of the embedded information is compressed by multi-region folding technology to reduce the impact on the image quality. In the extraction stage, the embedded information is extracted by reverse computing operations, and the DJN decryption algorithm is used to restore the original image and secret message. The separable lossless and reversible data hiding method of the present invention not only improves the security of information, but also achieves the goals of efficient management and minimization of image distortion by optimizing the embedding and extraction processes. It is suitable for application scenarios that require high security and high efficiency information hiding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cryptography applications, and in particular to homomorphic encryption of image data and information multi-region folding technology, and specifically to a separable, lossless and reversible data hiding method for information security. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of cloud service technology, users cannot do without relying on cloud services for their own information processing and management. User sensitive information is vulnerable to attacks by malicious adversaries and privacy leakage, which in turn damages the rights and interests of users. Therefore, how to effectively protect user privacy information has become a major challenge that needs to be solved in the field of information technology. Although traditional information protection methods, such as data encryption and access control, can improve data security to a certain extent, they often cannot meet users' needs for high efficiency and flexibility in privacy protection and information management.

[0003] Reversible Data Hiding (RDH) is an emerging information privacy protection method that aims to embed secret information into carrier data for hidden protection and restore the original data losslessly when needed. This technology can not only achieve information concealment, but also maintain the integrity of carrier data. It is widely used in digital watermarking, image authentication, covert communication and other fields.

[0004] Existing reversible data hiding technologies are mainly divided into a variety of methods based on histogram shift, difference expansion and lossless compression, etc. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, but they generally have problems such as limited embedding capacity and uncontrollable embedding distortion.

[0005] In the field of information security, the emergence of homomorphic encryption technology provides a new approach to data privacy protection. This technology allows calculations to be performed on encrypted data without decryption, thereby achieving "computable but invisible" data. Homomorphic encryption can effectively protect the privacy of data during processing, but its high computational complexity and slow processing speed limit its widespread promotion in practical applications. In addition, existing homomorphic encryption schemes are usually unable to be effectively combined with reversible data hiding technology, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the spatial redundancy of data when implementing information embedding.

[0006] Information multi-region folding technology is another effective means to improve data embedding efficiency. This technology divides information into multiple clusters and embeds them in different regions, thereby improving the embedding capacity and security of information. However, existing multi-region folding methods often face the problems of embedding distortion and high recovery complexity in practical applications, making it difficult to achieve efficient and lossless information embedding and extraction.

[0007] To sum up, with the continuous development of cloud service technology, users' information processing and management cannot be separated from their reliance on cloud services. User sensitive information is vulnerable to attacks by malicious adversaries and privacy leaks, which in turn damages the rights and interests of users. Therefore, the security protection and efficient management of user privacy information has become a challenge. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a separable lossless reversible data hiding method for information security, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by transferring the embedding and extraction logic to calculation in a secret state and folding the size of the encrypted and compressed embedded information to achieve information security, efficiency and manageability.

[0009] Based on the first main aspect of the present invention, a separable lossless reversible data hiding method for information security is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1, preprocessing stage: initialize grayscale image data, extract image width and height, select secret message, convert secret message into binary, divide each bit into a group, for grayscale image, select pixel pairs to be embedded, and use DJN cryptography system to encrypt and generate encrypted message and encrypted pixel pairs respectively;

[0011] S2, data embedding stage: perform multi-region folding on the encrypted message, compress the embedding size, store the index of the region where the message is located, and reduce the value size of the message pair by encoding to achieve smaller embedding distortion. The compressed and encoded encrypted message is embedded into the encrypted pixel pair to generate a double-encrypted pixel pair. This operation is repeated until all information is embedded;

[0012] S3, extraction phase: perform reverse calculation operations on the binary secret pixel pairs, extract the data before embedding calculation, decompress the code, restore the original embedded message pair, decrypt the encrypted pixel pairs using the DJN private key, restore the original image and secret message, until all binary secret messages and the complete carrier image are restored.

[0013] The core of this method is to ensure the secure embedding and extraction of secret messages through a series of steps while maintaining the integrity of the original image data. In the preprocessing stage, the grayscale image is first initialized, including extracting the image size and converting the secret message into binary form. Then, pixel pairs in the image are selected and the message and pixel pairs are encrypted using the DJN cryptographic system to prepare for data embedding. Through the steps of preprocessing, data compression and optimized embedding, the secure, efficient and lossless embedding and extraction of secret messages in the image are achieved. This improves the security and concealment of data hiding, while ensuring the integrity and quality of the original image data, meeting the information hiding needs with high security requirements.

[0014] As a further preferred solution, the preprocessing stage also includes preprocessing the image to enhance the contrast of the image, specifically including the following calculation process: calculating the histogram of the image; identifying the maximum value and the minimum non-zero value in the histogram; and optimizing the image contrast by adjusting the pixel value distribution in the image to zero. In this solution, image preprocessing technology is introduced to enhance the image contrast, thereby optimizing the subsequent data embedding process. By calculating the histogram of the image, identifying and adjusting the maximum value and the minimum non-zero value in the histogram, the method can effectively improve the visual effect of the image and create more favorable conditions for embedding secret messages.

[0015] As a further preferred solution, the data embedding stage also includes compressing the binary data. The specific calculation process is: grouping the binary data of the secret message according to the bit; encoding each bit group to reduce the required embedding space. By grouping and encoding the binary data of the secret message, the space required for embedding is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of data hiding. This compression process not only reduces the impact of the embedded data on the quality of the original image, but also improves the hiding capacity of the secret message.

[0016] As a further preferred solution, the data embedding stage further includes optimizing and selecting the embedded pixel pairs. The specific calculation process is as follows: For each pixel pair , calculate the prediction error ;choose The method embeds the information with the smallest pixel pair to minimize the embedding distortion. By calculating the prediction error of each pixel pair and selecting the pixel pair with the smallest error for information embedding, the method minimizes the image distortion during the embedding process. This optimal selection ensures that the embedding of the secret message has the lowest impact on the visual quality of the image, while also improving the concealment of the embedded data.

[0017] As a further preferred solution, the extraction stage also includes verifying the extracted data. The specific calculation process is: applying redundancy check to the extracted data blocks to verify the integrity of the data; using the DJN private key to decrypt the encrypted pixel pairs and calculate the decrypted data; verifying the consistency of the decrypted data with the original secret message to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, the method also includes establishing a user interface that allows the user to select different embedding parameters and view the embedding effects, specifically including the following calculation process: providing a graphical user interface for inputting secret messages and selecting image files; allowing the user to set embedding parameters, including embedding capacity, image quality factor and security level; displaying image comparison before and after embedding, as well as real-time preview during the embedding process.

[0019] As a further preferred solution, the method also includes performing secondary encryption on the embedded image. The specific calculation process is: applying another encryption algorithm to perform secondary encryption on the embedded image to obtain a secondary encrypted image; generating a secondary encryption key and providing a secondary encryption decryption process.

[0020] According to the second main aspect of the present invention, a separable lossless and reversible data hiding system with information security is provided, the system comprising at least one of the following components or a combination thereof:

[0021] A preprocessing module, which is used to initialize the grayscale image data, extract the width and height of the image, select the secret message, and convert the secret message into binary;

[0022] An embedding module is used to perform multi-region folding on the encrypted message, compress the embedding size, and embed the compressed and encoded encrypted message into the encrypted pixel pair to generate a double-loaded encrypted pixel pair;

[0023] The extraction module is used to perform reverse calculation operations on the double-encrypted pixel pairs, extract the data before embedding calculation, and use the private key to decrypt the encrypted pixel pairs to restore the original image and secret message.

[0024] Based on the third main aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer-executable instructions are stored, and the instructions are used to implement the aforementioned separable lossless reversible data hiding method, including: initialization instructions in the preprocessing stage; encryption and folding instructions in the data embedding stage; inverse calculation and decryption instructions in the extraction stage.

[0025] According to a fourth main aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, comprising: a processor for executing computer executable instructions; a memory for storing data and programs; an input module for receiving secret messages and image data input by a user; an output module for displaying images before and after embedding and extraction results;

[0026] The processor executes instructions stored in the memory to implement the aforementioned separable lossless and reversible data hiding method.

[0027] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention designs a separable lossless and reversible data hiding method based on an asymmetric cryptographic system to achieve secure management of information. The homomorphic encryption technology allows secret information to be embedded in the carrier data in a secret state, that is, the embedding logic is calculated in a secret state. The multi-region folding method is used to divide the secret information into multiple clusters and perform encryption and compression processing, so that the embedding efficiency and the distortion caused by the embedding are optimized, which greatly improves the security and manageability of the information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The figure shows a heat map of pixel changes corresponding to embedding 2000 bits of data and a comparison of image histograms before and after embedding in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 The figure shows a heat map of pixel changes corresponding to the embedding of 4000 bits of data and a comparison of the image histograms before and after the embedding in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 The figure shows a heat map of pixel changes corresponding to the embedding of 6000 bits of data and a comparison of the image histograms before and after the embedding in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The figure shows a heat map of pixel changes corresponding to the embedding of 8000 bits of data and a comparison of the image histograms before and after the embedding in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 The figure shows a heat map of pixel changes corresponding to the embedding of 10,000 bits of data and a comparison of image histograms before and after embedding in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 shows a histogram comparison after embedding 2000 bits of data in an airplane test image in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 The figure shows a histogram comparison after embedding 2000 bits of data in a test image of Lina, a character in the game DOTA2, in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 shows a histogram comparison after a baboon test image is embedded with 2000 bits of data in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 The figure shows the histogram comparison after embedding 2000 bits of data in a male test image in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 The figure shows a histogram comparison after embedding 2000 bits of data in a test image of Barbara, a character in the game Genshin Impact, in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 The figure shows the histogram comparison after embedding 2000 bits of data in a pepper test image in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below so that the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only intended to illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0041] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other cases, well-known techniques associated with the present application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0042] References throughout the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0043] The present invention provides a separable, lossless and reversible data hiding method with information security, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0044] System initialization, initialization of grayscale image data , extract the image and the width of the image and height , select Secret Message ;Will Converted to binary, each Bits are grouped into groups, for grayscale images , select the pixel pairs to be embedded and record the corresponding position of each pixel; use the DJN encryption algorithm to encrypt the grouped message generation , encrypt the pixels to be embedded to generate ;Will By computing the embedded encrypted pixel pair In the example above, we generate double-dense pixel pairs. and Repeat this operation until all information is embedded; when extracting, perform reverse calculation on the double-encrypted pixel pairs to extract the data before embedding calculation, and then decrypt it through the DJN decryption algorithm to restore the original image and secret messages The present invention embeds the pixel change heat map corresponding to different bit data and the image histogram before and after embedding. Figure 1-5As shown in FIG. 1 , the histogram comparison of the present invention after embedding 2000 bits of data in six test images is as follows: Figure 6-Figure 11 shown.

[0045] A detailed embodiment is provided below to describe the solution of the present invention.

[0046] Example

[0047] Step 1: Preprocessing stage:

[0048] Will Convert to binary , and follow each The bits are grouped into groups.

[0049] For one Size of carrier image , each pixel ,in , the selected pixel pair , using the DJN cryptographic system to encrypt and generate as well as .

[0050] Step 2: Data embedding phase:

[0051] When embedding data, Fold to compress embedding size.

[0052] Before compression The value range is , using the multi-region folding method, compressing its range to , for all folded regions After folding the message into multiple regions, it is necessary to store the index of the region where the message is located. express The area where the message needs to be embedded is , by encoding, the value size of the message pair is reduced, achieving smaller embedding distortion.

[0053] First of all Calculate and then encode and compress , then Encode and compress its value size to generate , and finally embedded into the encrypted pixel pair to produce a double-encrypted encrypted pixel pair.

[0054] Step 3: Extraction Phase:

[0055] In the extraction stage, the goal is to be able to losslessly extract the complete secret message and the complete carrier image. Therefore, the hidden secret message can be recovered by simply performing the inverse operation of embedding the pixel pairs that carry the secret.

[0056] For double-dense pixel pairs and , corresponding to performing subtraction operations to extract the region index and the encrypted secret message, respectively.

[0057] In obtaining After that, the corresponding decompression encoding is performed, which is also the inverse operation of the compression encoding to obtain the original embedded message pair .

[0058] Next, we need to restore the encrypted pixel pairs as well as , using DJN private key Decrypt and restore Convert to binary , whose length is ,Right now .

[0059] Repeat this process until all binary secret messages are recovered. .

[0060] The same calculation and Get Pixels and , perform the same restoration operation on all pairs of dense pixels until the carrier image is restored .

[0061] The above embodiment is only a simple example, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other equivalent or equivalent solutions to implement the present invention based on the overall concept of the present invention.

[0062] The present invention can be implemented through a combination of the following hardware or products.

[0063] One way is to use an information-secure separable lossless reversible data hiding system, which implements the method described above and specifically includes the following components:

[0064] A preprocessing module is configured with image processing software for receiving grayscale image files, automatically extracting image size information, and performing necessary preprocessing on the image, such as grayscale and noise filtering. The module also includes a binary conversion unit for converting the secret message into a binary sequence.

[0065] The system also includes an embedding module that integrates an implementation of the DJN encryption algorithm for encrypting pixel pairs and secret messages to be embedded, and performing multi-region folding and compression encoding operations.

[0066] Finally, the system includes an extraction module that is able to perform inverse calculation and decryption operations to recover the original image and secret message from the encrypted image. These modules are connected through high-speed communication interfaces within the system to ensure high-speed transmission and synchronization of data during processing.

[0067] Another way is to use a computer readable storage medium, such as a USB flash drive or a solid state drive, which stores a complete set of computer programs, which contain all the instructions to implement the above method. These instructions are organized into a series of functions and subroutines for performing operations such as preprocessing, encryption, multi-region folding, compression encoding, inverse calculation and decryption.

[0068] The storage medium also contains a user interface application, which provides a friendly graphical interface that allows users to select image files, enter secret messages, and set embedding parameters through simple clicks and typing.

[0069] Additionally, the storage medium may include a logging system for storing operation history and audit trails, ensuring that all operations are traceable and verifiable.

[0070] Another way is to use an electronic device, such as a laptop or a mobile workstation, which is equipped with a high-performance processor and sufficient storage space to perform the data hiding method of the present invention. Usually, the device is equipped with customized software that implements the entire process of preprocessing, data embedding and extraction.

[0071] Typically, the device also includes a high-resolution display screen for displaying image files and user interfaces, and an input device, such as a keyboard and touchpad, for user interaction.

[0072] In addition, the electronic device is also equipped with a high-speed network interface for transmitting image files and secret messages, and a security module for storing and managing encryption keys. The operating system and hardware of the device are designed to support multi-tasking and high-speed data encryption to ensure the efficiency and security of the data hiding process. The parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies of those skilled in the art.

[0073] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A separable, lossless and reversible data hiding method for information security. It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1, preprocessing stage: initialize grayscale image data, extract image width and height, select secret message, convert secret message into binary, divide each bit into a group, for grayscale image, select pixel pairs to be embedded, and use DJN cryptography system to encrypt and generate encrypted message and encrypted pixel pairs respectively; S2, data embedding stage: multi-region folding of encrypted messages to compress embedding size; For all folded regions, after the encrypted message is folded into multiple regions, the index of the region where the message is stored represents the region where the encrypted message is located. The encrypted message and the index of the region where the message is located are used as the embedded message pair. The value size of the message pair is reduced through encoding to achieve smaller embedding distortion; First, the index of the area where the message is located is calculated and then encoded and compressed. Then, the encrypted message is encoded and compressed to its value size. Finally, the index of the area where the message is located and the encrypted message after encoding and compression are embedded into the encrypted pixel pair to generate a double-encrypted encrypted pixel pair. S3, extraction phase: perform reverse calculation operations on the binary secret pixel pairs, extract the data before embedding calculation, decompress the code, restore the original embedded message pair, decrypt the encrypted pixel pairs using the DJN private key, restore the original image and secret message, until all binary secret messages and the complete carrier image are restored.

2. The information security separable lossless reversible data hiding method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The preprocessing stage also includes preprocessing the image to enhance the contrast of the image, which specifically includes the following calculation process: calculating the histogram of the image; identifying the maximum value and the minimum non-zero value in the histogram; and optimizing the image contrast by adjusting the pixel value distribution in order to return to zero.

3. The information security separable lossless reversible data hiding method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The data embedding stage also includes compressing the binary data. The specific calculation process is: grouping the binary data of the secret message according to the bits; encoding each bit group to reduce the required embedding space.

4. The information security separable lossless reversible data hiding method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The data embedding stage also includes optimizing the selection of embedded pixel pairs. The specific calculation process is: for each pixel pair , calculate the prediction error ;choose The smallest pixel pairs are used for information embedding to minimize the embedding distortion.

5. The information security separable lossless reversible data hiding method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The extraction stage also includes verifying the extracted data. The specific calculation process is: applying redundancy check to the extracted data to verify the integrity of the data; decrypting the encrypted pixel pairs using the DJN private key and calculating the decrypted data; verifying the consistency of the decrypted data with the original secret message to ensure the accuracy of the data.

6. The information security separable lossless reversible data hiding method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The method also includes establishing a user interface that allows the user to select different embedding parameters and view the embedding effects, which specifically includes the following calculation process: providing a graphical user interface for inputting secret messages and selecting image files; allowing the user to set embedding parameters, including embedding capacity, image quality factor and security level; displaying image comparison before and after embedding, as well as real-time preview during the embedding process.

7. The information security separable lossless reversible data hiding method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The method also includes re-encrypting the embedded image. The specific calculation process is: applying another encryption algorithm to re-encrypt the embedded image to obtain a re-encrypted image; generating a re-encrypted key and providing a re-encrypted decryption process.

8. An information-secure separable lossless reversible data hiding system, which implements the information-secure separable lossless reversible data hiding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that At least one of the following components or a combination thereof: A preprocessing module, which is used to initialize the grayscale image data, extract the width and height of the image, select the secret message, and convert the secret message into binary; An embedding module is used to perform multi-region folding on the encrypted message, compress the embedding size, and embed the compressed and encoded encrypted message into the encrypted pixel pair to generate a double-loaded encrypted pixel pair; The extraction module is used to perform reverse calculation operations on the double-encrypted pixel pairs, extract the data before embedding calculation, and use the private key to decrypt the encrypted pixel pairs to restore the original image and secret message.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that Computer executable instructions are stored, and the instructions are used to implement the separable lossless reversible data hiding method described in claim 1, including: initialization instructions in the preprocessing stage; encryption and folding instructions in the data embedding stage; reverse calculation and decryption instructions in the extraction stage.

10. An electronic device, It is characterized in that include: a processor for executing computer executable instructions; Memory, used to store data and programs; An input module, used for receiving secret messages and image data input by a user; Output module, used to display images before and after embedding and extraction results; Wherein, the processor executes instructions stored in the memory to implement the separable lossless reversible data hiding method described in claim 1.

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