A low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box and its application

Abstract

This invention relates to a low-carbon, three-dimensional aerated ecological box and its application. The aerated ecological box includes an ecological box, a blower float box, a water pump float box, aeration pipes, and perforated water distribution pipes. The ecological box comprises a box body, plant baskets, and a breathable oxygenation membrane. The box body has internal partitions. The breathable oxygenation membrane is fixed to the inner wall of the box body and the partition walls. The plant baskets are placed inside the box body and planted with aquatic plants. The aeration pipes include a main aeration pipe and connected branch aeration pipes. The aeration pipes are laid in each box body through holes in the box body wall and connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane for aeration. The perforated water distribution pipes are arranged above the plant baskets. The low-carbon, three-dimensional aerated ecological box is fixed in the water area to be treated by rope traction or anchoring with heavy objects. This invention organically combines phytoremediation technology, aeration and oxygenation technology, and microbial membrane technology, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing land area, and significantly improving the purification effect on conventional and new pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box and its application, belonging to the field of water environment management technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous advancement of urbanization in my country, sewage discharge has increased year by year, severely damaging the ecological balance of surface water. Phytoremediation technology, as a green, environmentally friendly, and sustainable water treatment process, has been widely applied to improve water quality and restore the ecology of surface water bodies such as lakes and rivers. Ecological floating islands (floating beds) are a typical phytoremediation technology. This technology can remove pollutants such as organic matter, nutrients (e.g., N, P), and heavy metals from surface water through adsorption, plant absorption, and microbial degradation. However, traditional ecological floating island (floating bed) technology mainly relies on plant purification, resulting in low treatment efficiency. Therefore, innovative improvements to this technology are of great application significance.

[0003] Existing technologies include solutions for improving ecological floating islands (floating beds):

[0004] (1) A lake purification ecological floating island is disclosed in Chinese patent document CN219217783U. The ecological floating island is equipped with an electro-adsorption water purification device. The adsorption material coated on the electrode sheet is a modified grapefruit peel-based carbon aerogel, which has preferential selectivity for nitrates and phosphates. However, the electrode cost is high and the contact area between the electrode sheet and water is limited, thus limiting its applicability.

[0005] (2) A biofilm-bearing ecological floating island disclosed in Chinese patent document CN216273334U consists of a floating base plate, a plant system and a microbial biofilm unit. The microbial biofilm unit at the bottom of the floating base plate can enhance the water purification effect to a certain extent, but the amount of oxygen released by the plant roots is limited, which may result in the formation of mostly anaerobic microorganisms, which are prone to producing unpleasant odors and can only treat a limited number of pollutants.

[0006] (3) Chinese patent document CN110204049A discloses an aerated ecological floating island and an aerated ecological floating island unit. The device sets microporous aeration pipes at the bottom of the floating bed of each aerated ecological floating island unit and suspends nitric acid modified carbon fiber grass as a carrier for microbial biofilm. This can improve the treatment efficiency of pollutants. However, the small bubbles generated by the microporous aeration pipes are easy to clog the pipe holes, reduce the aeration effect and affect the service life. Moreover, the nitric acid modified carbon fiber grass used in this device has high preparation cost, poor toughness and is easy to break.

[0007] (4) A biological and ecological integrated aeration floating island device is disclosed in Chinese patent document CN110745952A. The device is set up with aerated plant area and biological filler area that are spaced apart. The aeration component can provide oxygen to microorganisms in a stepped manner. Although the device combines the three elements of plants, aeration and microorganisms, it is not fully organically integrated. The microbial membrane attached to the surface of the membrane aeration component is easy to fall off, the filler in the biological filler area is easy to be blocked, the area occupied is large, and no data support is given for improving the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0008] In summary, current technologies for improving ecological floating islands (floating beds) tend to be a combination of various technologies, such as adding adsorbent materials or fillers to the floating islands (floating beds), laying microbial biofilm carriers, and aerating and oxygenating. However, there are still some problems that need to be solved: (1) Most of the current improvements are simple combinations of various technologies without organic integration to give full play to the synergistic effect of each technology; (2) N2O generated during the biological denitrification process of wastewater accounts for about 26% of the total release of greenhouse gases in the water chain. The warming effect of N2O is 150 to 320 times higher than that of CO2. Various floating bed designs still lack the effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions during the purification process; (3) Existing ecological floating islands (floating beds) focus on the removal of conventional pollutants (such as COD, N, P) without considering the treatment of new pollutants (such as antibiotics); (4) Most of the improvement technologies focus on the utilization of the water surface and underwater space, and the utilization of the three-dimensional space above the water is insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that can organically integrate the advantages of various technologies such as plants, microorganisms, and aeration to improve the purification efficiency of conventional and new pollutants, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and make full use of three-dimensional space. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a low-carbon, three-dimensional aeration ecological box and its application. This invention organically integrates phytoremediation technology, aeration and oxygenation technology, and microbial membrane technology to construct a low-carbon, three-dimensional aeration ecological box.

[0010] This invention provides a low-carbon, three-dimensional aerated ecological box, comprising an ecological box, a blower float box, a water pump float box, aeration pipes, and perforated water distribution pipes. The ecological box includes a box body, a plant basket, and a breathable oxygen-enriching membrane. The box body has internal partitions, and adjacent boxes are joined using mortise and tenon joints. The breathable oxygen-enriching membrane is fixed to the inner wall of the box body and the partition walls. The plant basket is placed inside the box body and planted with aquatic plants. The blower float box and water pump float box are fixed to the outside of the ecological box, and a blower is installed inside the blower float box. A water pump is installed inside the water pump float box. The blower is connected to the aeration pipeline, and the water pump is connected to the perforated water distribution pipe. The aeration pipeline includes a main aeration pipe and aeration branch pipes connected to it. The aeration pipeline is laid in each box through holes opened in the box wall and is connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane for aeration. The perforated water distribution pipe is arranged above the plant basket. Floats are installed on the outside of the ecological box, blower float box, and water pump float box. The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box is fixed in the water area to be treated by rope traction or anchoring with heavy objects.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a full-process ammonia oxidizing bacteria growth promoter box is installed at the water inlet of the perforated water distribution pipe. The full-process ammonia oxidizing bacteria growth promoter box contains a waxy full-process ammonia oxidizing bacteria growth promoter to reduce N2O emissions.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the box body is made of a lightweight and corrosion-resistant material, with an inner length of 50-200cm, an inner width of 50-200cm, a height of 50-100cm, and a wall thickness of 3-10cm.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the box body includes front and rear side walls, each of which has a plurality of staggered grooves. The grooves are 40-90cm long, 2-6cm wide, and 2-6cm deep. The partition is disposed in the groove and can be pulled out within the groove. The partition is 30-80cm long along the front and rear side walls, 40-180cm wide perpendicular to the front and rear side walls, and 2-6cm thick.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the box body includes left and right side walls, and the mortise and tenon structure is disposed at the center of the left and right side walls. The mortise and tenon structure includes a mating tenon and a mortise groove. The tenon is 3-8cm long, 5-15cm wide, and 5-15cm high, and the mortise groove is 5-15cm long, 5-15cm wide, and 3-8cm deep. The front and rear side walls are also provided with mortise and tenon structures, and adjacent front and rear side walls are connected by mortise and tenon structures, as are adjacent left and right side walls. The exterior of the outer box body is reinforced with stainless steel buckles.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the plant basket includes a basket body, a plurality of planting holes at the bottom of the basket body, and a planting net; the bottom of the basket body is 40-190cm long, 40-190cm wide, and 5-20cm deep, the top is 50-200cm long and 50-200cm wide, and the top has an outer edge with a width of 2.5-10cm; the planting holes are arranged to avoid the partition, and aquatic plants are planted in the planting holes; the planting net is fixed on the planting holes, and part of the stems and roots of the plant are wrapped in the planting net to prevent the roots from entangled in the breathable oxygen-enriching membrane and causing blockage.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the breathable oxygen-enriching membrane is made of a corrosion-resistant and high-flux material, the inner diameter of the membrane fibers is 0.5-2 mm, the outer diameter is 1-2.5 mm, and the membrane fibers are supported by a braided support tube, which is made of a high-strength and wear-resistant material.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the aeration main pipe and the aeration branch pipe is 30-50 mm. The aeration main pipe diverts air to the aeration branch pipe through a two-way or three-way fitting. The aeration branch pipe is connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane through an air collecting pipe. The air is finally discharged from the air outlet pipe provided above the breathable oxygenation membrane. The inner diameter of the air collecting pipe and the air outlet pipe is 40-60 mm. The aeration pipe, the air collecting pipe and the air outlet pipe are made of corrosion-resistant, aging-resistant and high-strength materials.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the perforated water pipe is made of PPR material, with an inner diameter of 10-100mm and a hole diameter of 10-20mm.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box is applied to surface water treatment and ecological restoration; wherein the plants are emergent plants with well-developed root systems, and the planting density is 3-40 plants / m². 2 The aeration and oxygenation conditions are: an aeration rate of 15–40 L / m³. 2 • h·bar, aeration air pressure is 0.3~1.2 bar; water pump power is 0.12~500kW, flow rate is 4~400m³ / h·bar. 3 / h.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box of the present invention can be applied to surface water treatment and ecological restoration, and can give full play to the advantages of phytoremediation technology, aeration and oxygenation technology and microbial film technology.

[0022] (2) The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box of the present invention is applied to surface water treatment and ecological restoration. The addition of ammonia oxidizing bacteria promoter throughout the process can significantly reduce N2O emissions.

[0023] (3) The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box of the present invention can be applied to surface water treatment and ecological restoration. It can be flexibly spliced ​​in three-dimensional or two-dimensional form according to the water structure and area, saving the land area.

[0024] (4) The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box of the present invention can be applied to surface water treatment and ecological restoration, which can effectively improve the removal effect of conventional pollutants such as COD, TN, TP, and ammonia nitrogen, as well as new pollutants such as antibiotics (such as sulfadiazine, chlortetracycline, and tetracycline).

[0025] (6) The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box of the present invention has a better removal effect on COD, TN and sulfadiazine than the sum of the purification effects of aeration alone and plants alone, indicating that plants and aeration have a certain synergistic effect in removing COD, TN and sulfadiazine.

[0026] (7) The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box of the present invention can be applied to surface water treatment and ecological restoration. It can improve water quality, provide habitat for fish and birds, and enhance the landscape value of the surrounding environment.

[0027] In summary, this invention organically integrates phytoremediation technology, aeration and oxygenation technology, and microbial membrane technology to construct a low-carbon, three-dimensional aerated ecological box. The aeration and oxygenation technology in this invention is a bubble-free aeration technology, employing a porous oxygen-permeable membrane for aeration from the inside out. The aeration process generates no bubbles, significantly improving the oxygen transfer rate and oxygen utilization efficiency. Under aeration, an aerobic-facultative-anaerobic microbial membrane forms on the porous oxygen-permeable membrane. The rich microbial community can effectively degrade various conventional and novel pollutants. The air transferred through the porous oxygen-permeable membrane is released into the plant root zone, promoting root growth and enhancing root absorption and rhizosphere microbial degradation, thereby improving pollutant removal efficiency. This invention also incorporates a growth promoter for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, which directly promotes their reproduction and increases their abundance by inducing the secretion of specific substances from plant roots. These bacteria directly convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen during denitrification, significantly reducing N2O emissions and achieving greenhouse gas emission reduction. Furthermore, this invention allows for flexible planar and three-dimensional assembly of the tank to suit different surface water areas and treatment requirements, fully utilizing underwater, surface, and above-water spaces. The entire aerated ecological tank organically combines phytoremediation, aeration, and microbial membrane technologies, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing land area, and significantly improving the purification effect on both conventional and novel pollutants. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar layout of the low-carbon aeration ecological box of the present invention (planar type);

[0030] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional layout diagram (three-dimensional) of the low-carbon aeration ecological box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mortise and tenon structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the plant basket of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partition of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram (top view) of the aeration process of the present invention. The left image shows planar aeration, and the right image shows three-dimensional aeration.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the breathable oxygen-enriching membrane of the present invention. The left figure shows the arrangement on the box wall, and the right figure shows the arrangement on the partition plate.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water distribution method above the plant basket of the present invention. The left diagram shows planar water distribution, and the right diagram shows three-dimensional water distribution.

[0037] Attached diagram labels: 1-Box body; 2-Fan float box; 3-Water pump float box; 4-Float; 5-Snap fastener; 6-Planting hole; 7-Planting net; 8-Plant; 9-Partition; 10-Breathable oxygen-enriching membrane; 11-Full-process ammonia-oxidizing bacteria growth promoter box; 12-Left and right side walls; 13-Tongue; 14-Tongue groove; 15-Outer edge; 16-Front and rear side walls; 17-Groove; 18-Fan; 19-Main aeration pipe; 20-Aeration branch pipe; 21-Water pump; 22-Air collection pipe; 23-Air outlet pipe; 24-Hole; 25-Perforated water distribution pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this invention provides a low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box, including an ecological box, a blower float box 2, a water pump float box 3, aeration pipes, and perforated water distribution pipes 25. The ecological box includes a box body 1, a plant basket, and a breathable oxygenation membrane 10. The box body 1 has internal partitions 9, and adjacent box bodies 1 are joined by mortise and tenon joints and reinforced externally by buckles 5. The breathable oxygenation membrane 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the box body 1 and the partition wall 9. The plant basket is placed in the box body 1 and planted with aquatic plants 8. The blower float box 2 and the water pump float box 3 are fixed to the outside of the ecological box. The blower float box 2 has a blower 18 inside, and the water pump float box 3 has a water pump 21 inside. The blower 18 and the aeration pipes... The pipeline is connected, with the water pump 21 connected to the perforated water pipe 25; the aeration pipeline includes the main aeration pipe 19 and the aeration branch pipes 20 connected to it. The aeration pipeline is laid in each box 1 through holes 24 opened in the wall of the box 1 and is connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane 10 for aeration; the perforated water pipe 25 is arranged above the plant basket, and a full-process ammonia oxidation bacteria growth promoter box 11 is installed at the water inlet of the perforated water pipe 25. The full-process ammonia oxidation bacteria growth promoter box 11 contains a waxy full-process ammonia oxidation bacteria growth promoter to reduce N2O emissions; floats 4 are set on the outside of the ecological box, the blower float box 2, and the water pump float box 3. The entire aeration ecological box is fixed in the water area to be treated by rope traction or heavy anchoring.

[0043] Optionally, the box body 1 is made of lightweight and non-corrosive materials such as PE, HDPE, and PS, with an inner length of 50-200cm, an inner width of 50-200cm, a height of 50-100cm, and a wall thickness of 3-10cm.

[0044] Optionally, the box body 1 includes front and rear side walls 16, each of which has multiple staggered grooves 17. The grooves 17 are 40–90 cm long, 2–6 cm wide, and 2–6 cm deep. A partition 9 is disposed within the grooves 17 and can be pulled out within them. The partition 9 has a length of 30–80 cm along the front and rear side walls 16, a width perpendicular to the front and rear side walls 16 of 40–180 cm, and a thickness of 2–6 cm. Here, the front and rear side walls 16 refer to the walls located on the front and rear sides of the box body 1.

[0045] Optionally, the box body 1 includes left and right side walls 12, and the mortise and tenon structure is set at the center of the left and right side walls 12. The mortise and tenon structure includes a mating tenon 13 and a mortise 14. The tenon 13 is 3-8cm long, 5-15cm wide, and 5-15cm high, and the mortise 14 is 5-15cm long, 5-15cm wide, and 3-8cm deep. The outer exterior of the box body 1 is reinforced with stainless steel buckles 5. The left and right side walls 12 refer to the boxes located on the left and right sides of the box body 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the front and rear side walls 16 are also provided with mortise and tenon structures, and adjacent front and rear side walls 16 are connected by mortise and tenon structures, as are adjacent left and right side walls 12.

[0047] Optionally, the plant basket includes a basket body, several planting holes 6 at the bottom of the basket body, and a planting net 7; the bottom of the basket body is 40-190cm long, 40-190cm wide, and 5-20cm deep, the top is 50-200cm long and 50-200cm wide, and the top has an outer edge 15 with a width of 2.5-10cm; the planting holes 6 are set to avoid the partition 9, and aquatic plants 8 are planted in the planting holes 6; the planting net 7 is fixed on the planting holes 6, and part of the stems and roots of the plant 8 are wrapped in the planting net 7 to prevent the roots from entangled in the breathable oxygen-enriching membrane 10 and causing blockage.

[0048] Optionally, the breathable oxygen-enriching membrane 10 is made of corrosion-resistant and high-flux materials such as PE and PVDF. The inner diameter of the membrane fibers is 0.5-2 mm and the outer diameter is 1-2.5 mm. The membrane fibers are supported by a braided support tube, which is made of high-strength and wear-resistant materials such as polyester, nylon, and polyurethane.

[0049] Optionally, the inner diameter of the main aeration pipe 19 and the branch aeration pipe 20 is 30-50 mm. The main aeration pipe 19 diverts air to the branch aeration pipe 20 through a two-way or three-way fitting. The branch aeration pipe 20 is connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane 10 through the air collecting pipe 22. The air is finally discharged from the air outlet pipe 23 set above the breathable oxygenation membrane 10. The inner diameter of the air collecting pipe 22 and the air outlet pipe 23 is 40-60 mm. The aeration pipe, the air collecting pipe 22 and the air outlet pipe 23 are made of UPVC, PE, PPR and other materials that are not easily corroded, are anti-aging and have high strength.

[0050] Optionally, the perforated water pipe 25 is made of PPR material, with an inner diameter of 10-100mm and a hole diameter of 10-20mm.

[0051] This invention also provides an application of a low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box in surface water treatment and ecological restoration.

[0052] Optionally, the application in surface water treatment and ecological restoration can not only remove conventional pollutants, but also has a certain purification effect on new pollutants.

[0053] Optionally, the plants planted in the plant baskets for surface water treatment and ecological restoration can be emergent aquatic plants with well-developed root systems, such as reeds, canna lilies, and calamus, with a planting density of 3–40 plants / m². 2 .

[0054] Optionally, the aeration and oxygenation conditions for the application in surface water treatment and ecological restoration are: an aeration rate of 15–40 L / m³. 2 • h·bar, aeration air pressure is 0.3~1.2 bar.

[0055] Optionally, the power of the water pump used in the surface water treatment and ecological restoration is 0.12–500 kW, and the flow rate is 4–400 m³ / h. 3 / h.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] In a Class V or worse waterway in Wuxi (water pollutant concentrations are shown in Tables 1 and 2), a low-carbon aeration ecological box (flat type) was placed, such as... Figure 1 As shown, after 90 days of operation, the system includes an ecological box, a wind turbine floating box, and a water pump floating box.

[0058] The eco-box includes 8 boxes and 4 plant baskets; the boxes are made of HDPE material, with an inner length of 80cm, an inner width of 80cm, a height of 80cm, and a wall thickness of 5cm, reinforced externally with stainless steel buckles; tenons and mortises are respectively set at the center of two opposite outer walls of the boxes. Figure 3The tenon is 5cm long, 4cm wide, and 3cm high; the mortise is 5cm long (or deep), 4cm wide, and 3cm high; the eight boxes are joined together in a planar direction to form two grid shapes; plant basket ( Figure 4 The bottom of the basket is 60cm long, 60cm wide, and 20cm deep. The top is 80cm long and 80cm wide, with a 5cm wide outer rim. It is placed inside a box and can be removed for easy cleaning of decaying leaves and plant renewal. Fast-growing reeds are planted inside the basket at a density of 15 plants / m². 2 Parts of the reed's stems and roots can be submerged in water; partitions ( Figure 5 The membrane is fitted into a groove on the chamber wall. The groove is 70cm long, 4cm wide, and 4cm deep. The partition is 35cm long along the chamber wall, 75cm wide perpendicular to the chamber wall, and 4cm thick. The breathable oxygenation membrane is made of PVDF material with an inner diameter of 1mm and an outer diameter of 2mm. It is supported internally by a nylon braided support tube. The surface of the breathable oxygenation membrane is enriched with biofilm and arranged above the aeration branch pipes on the inner wall of the chamber and the partition wall.

[0059] A blower is placed inside the blower float box, and the aeration pipes are arranged as follows: Figure 6 (left) and Figure 7 As shown. Aeration pipes extend from the blower float box, pass through holes in the ecological box wall, and are laid within each box. They consist of main aeration pipes and branch aeration pipes. The main pipes are fixed to the inner wall of the box and branch pipes are distributed using T-joints and T-joints. The branch pipes connect to the breathable oxygenation membrane via air collection pipes for aeration, and the gas is finally discharged from the outlet pipes. The aeration pipes are made of UPVC with an inner diameter of 30mm, while the air collection and outlet pipes are made of PP with a diameter of 50mm. The aeration rate is 20L / m³. 2 •h·bar, aeration pressure is 0.5bar.

[0060] The water pump float box is equipped with a water pump, such as Figure 8 As shown on the left, the water pump has a power of 200kW and a flow rate of 250m³ / h. 3 / h; The water distribution uses perforated pipes made of PPR with an inner diameter of 60mm and an aperture of 16mm; the water distribution pipes are placed above the plant baskets, and water is pumped into the water distribution pipes by a water pump; a full-process ammonia oxidizing bacteria growth promoter box is installed at the water inlet of the water distribution pipes, and the box contains a waxy full-process ammonia oxidizing bacteria growth promoter.

[0061] The ecological box and the floating box are equipped with floats on the outside. The floats are inflatable bodies, and the number of them is such that the plant roots are submerged in water.

[0062] The assembled aeration ecological box is secured by anchoring with heavy objects.

[0063] The concentration of pollutants in the treated water of the river channel, which was classified as worse than Class V, was significantly reduced. The removal effect is shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] Referring to Example 2, a set of low-carbon aeration ecological boxes (three-dimensional) were placed simultaneously in the same river channel. The two systems were kept at a certain distance to avoid interfering with each other. A schematic diagram of the system is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, it runs for 90 days.

[0066] The difference between this system and the one used in Example 2 is that in this example, eight pre-assembled boxes arranged in two grid shapes are stacked to form two layers, and four plant baskets are placed in the upper box; the aeration piping is as follows... Figure 6 (As shown on the right); the water distribution method is as follows Figure 8 (As shown on the right).

[0067] The concentration of pollutants in the treated water of the river channel, which was classified as worse than Class V, was significantly reduced. The removal effect is shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0068] Comparative Example 1:

[0069] Referring to Example 2, the difference is that instead of placing plant baskets containing plants, eight aeration boxes are placed flat.

[0070] The concentration of pollutants in the treated water of the river channel that was classified as worse than Class V was reduced. The removal effect is shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0071] Comparative Example 2:

[0072] Referring to Example 3, the difference is that instead of placing plant baskets with plants, eight aeration boxes are arranged three-dimensionally.

[0073] The concentration of pollutants in the treated water of the river channel that was classified as worse than Class V was reduced. The removal effect is shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0074] Comparative Example 3:

[0075] Referring to Example 2 or 3, the difference is that the aeration and breathable oxygenation membrane is removed, and only four plant baskets planted with reeds are placed.

[0076] The concentration of pollutants in the river was reduced after treatment, as shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0077] Table 1 Concentrations of conventional pollutants in Class V or worse water bodies in rivers.

[0078]

[0079] Table 2. Antibiotic concentrations in Class V or worse river water bodies.

[0080]

[0081] Table 3. Pollutant concentrations in the examples and comparative examples.

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Table 4. Pollutant removal efficiency of the examples and comparative examples

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from Tables 1-4:

[0087] (1) This ecological box can effectively improve the removal efficiency of conventional pollutants such as COD, TN, TP, and ammonia nitrogen, as well as new pollutants such as some antibiotics (such as sulfadiazine, chlortetracycline, and tetracycline).

[0088] (2) Removal rate of the same pollutant: Example 2 > Comparative Example 1 > Comparative Example 3, Example 3 > Comparative Example 2 > Comparative Example 3, indicating that the combination of plants and aeration boxes (Examples 2 and 3) is more effective in removing pollutants than the treatment of aeration boxes alone (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2) or plants alone (Comparative Example 3).

[0089] (3) The removal rates of various conventional pollutants and antibiotics in Examples 2 and 3 are comparable. Combined with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the three-dimensional arrangement of the aeration box has a better effect on the removal of pollutants. This may be because the increased height leads to a longer residence time of the water in the box, which promotes the full reaction between pollutants and microorganisms. In addition, the falling water carries a large amount of oxygen, which also enhances the purification effect of plants and microorganisms. This shows that the three-dimensional arrangement of the ecological box can not only save the floor space, but also improve the removal effect of pollutants to a certain extent.

[0090] (4) Removal rates of COD, TN and sulfadiazine: Example 2 > Comparative Example 1 + Comparative Example 3, Example 3 > Comparative Example 2 + Comparative Example 3. That is, the removal effects of Example 2 and Example 3 are better than the sum of the effects of individual plants and individual aeration boxes, indicating that plants and aeration boxes have a certain synergistic effect in removing COD, TN and sulfadiazine.

[0091] In summary, this invention organically integrates phytoremediation technology, aeration and oxygenation technology, and microbial membrane technology to construct a low-carbon, three-dimensional aerated ecological box. The aeration and oxygenation technology in this invention is a bubble-free aeration technology, employing a porous oxygen-permeable membrane for aeration from the inside out. The aeration process generates no bubbles, significantly improving the oxygen transfer rate and oxygen utilization efficiency. Under aeration, an aerobic-facultative-anaerobic microbial membrane forms on the porous oxygen-permeable membrane. The rich microbial community can effectively degrade various conventional and novel pollutants. The air transferred through the porous oxygen-permeable membrane is released into the plant root zone, promoting root growth and enhancing root absorption and rhizosphere microbial degradation, thereby improving pollutant removal efficiency. This invention also incorporates a growth promoter for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, which directly promotes their reproduction and increases their abundance by inducing the secretion of specific substances from plant roots. These bacteria directly convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen during denitrification, significantly reducing N2O emissions and achieving greenhouse gas emission reduction. Furthermore, this invention allows for flexible planar and three-dimensional assembly of the tank to suit different surface water areas and treatment requirements, fully utilizing underwater, surface, and above-water spaces. The entire aerated ecological tank organically combines phytoremediation, aeration, and microbial membrane technologies, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing land area, and significantly improving the purification effect on both conventional and novel pollutants.

[0092] This document uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A low-carbon, three-dimensional aeration ecological box, characterized in that, The system includes an ecological box, a blower float box, a water pump float box, aeration pipes, and perforated water distribution pipes. The ecological box comprises a box body, a plant basket, and a breathable oxygenation membrane. The box body has internal partitions, and adjacent boxes are joined using mortise and tenon joints. The breathable oxygenation membrane is fixed to the inner wall of the box body and the partition walls. The plant basket is placed inside the box body and planted with aquatic plants. The blower float box and water pump float box are fixed to the outside of the ecological box; the blower float box contains a blower, and the water pump float box contains a water pump. The blower is connected to the aeration pipeline, and the water pump is connected to the perforated water distribution pipe. The aeration pipeline includes a main aeration pipe and aeration branch pipes connected to it. The aeration pipeline is laid in each box through holes opened in the box wall and is connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane for aeration. The perforated water distribution pipe is arranged above the plant basket. Floats are set on the outside of the ecological box, the blower float box, and the water pump float box. The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box is fixed in the water area to be treated by rope traction or anchoring with heavy objects. A full-process ammonia oxidation bacteria growth promoter box is installed at the water inlet of the perforated water distribution pipe. The full-process ammonia oxidation bacteria growth promoter box contains a waxy full-process ammonia oxidation bacteria growth promoter to reduce N2O emissions. The box body includes front and rear side walls, each of which has multiple staggered grooves. The grooves are 40-90 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, and 2-6 cm deep. The partition is located in the groove and can be pulled out within the groove. The partition is 30-80 cm long along the front and rear side walls, 40-180 cm wide perpendicular to the front and rear side walls, and 2-6 cm thick. The enclosure includes left and right side walls. A mortise and tenon structure is located at the center of each side wall. The mortise and tenon structure includes a mating tenon and a mortise groove. The tenon is 3-8 cm long, 5-15 cm wide, and 5-15 cm high. The mortise groove is 5-15 cm long, 5-15 cm wide, and 3-8 cm deep. The front and rear side walls also have mortise and tenon structures. Adjacent front and rear side walls are connected by mortise and tenon structures, as are adjacent left and right side walls. The outer exterior of the enclosure is reinforced with stainless steel clips. The plant basket includes a basket body, several planting holes at the bottom of the basket body, and a planting net; the bottom of the basket body is 40-190 cm long, 40-190 cm wide, and 5-20 cm deep, the top is 50-200 cm long and 50-200 cm wide, and the top has an outer edge with a width of 2.5-10 cm; the planting holes are set to avoid the partition, and aquatic plants are planted in the planting holes; the planting net is fixed to the planting holes, and part of the plant stems and roots are wrapped in the planting net to prevent the roots from tangling around the breathable oxygen-enriching membrane and causing blockage.

2. The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure is made of lightweight and corrosion-resistant material, with an inner length of 50-200 cm, an inner width of 50-200 cm, a height of 50-100 cm, and a wall thickness of 3-10 cm.

3. The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breathable oxygen-enriching membrane is made of a corrosion-resistant and high-flux material. The inner diameter of the membrane fibers is 0.5~2 mm and the outer diameter is 1~2.5 mm. The membrane fibers are supported by a braided support tube, which is made of a high-strength and wear-resistant material.

4. A low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the main aeration pipe and the branch aeration pipe is 30-50 mm. The main aeration pipe distributes air to the branch aeration pipes through a two-way or three-way fitting. The branch aeration pipes are connected to the breathable oxygenation membrane through an air collecting pipe. The air is finally discharged from the air outlet pipe located above the breathable oxygenation membrane. The inner diameter of the air collecting pipe and the air outlet pipe is 40-60 mm. The aeration pipe, air collecting pipe, and air outlet pipe are made of corrosion-resistant, aging-resistant, and high-strength materials.

5. A low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The perforated water pipe is made of PPR material, with an inner diameter of 10~100 mm and a hole diameter of 10~20 mm.

6. A low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The low-carbon three-dimensional aeration ecological box is used in surface water treatment and ecological restoration. The plants selected are emergent aquatic plants with well-developed root systems, and the planting density is 3-40 plants / m². 2 The aeration and oxygenation conditions are: an aeration rate of 15~40 L / m³. 2 •h·bar, aeration air pressure is 0.3~1.2 bar; water pump power is 0.12~500 kW, flow rate is 4~400 m³ / h.

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