A method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular to a method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal, comprising the following steps: S1, fermenting mushroom residue; S2, preparing a mixture; S3, fermenting the mixture; S4, turning the pile; and S5, after the fermentation of the pile is completed, mixing with a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source, a potassium source, and trace elements, low-temperature drying, and granulating the granulated organic fertilizer to obtain organic fertilizer powder. The present invention uses the organic fertilizer obtained by the above steps, forms a protective layer by a coating material, extends the fertilizer effect period, improves the viability and application effect of microorganisms in adverse environments, and regulates the nutrient release rate, so that plants can continuously and stably absorb nutrients during the growth cycle, avoiding nutrient loss and initial excessive growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, in particular to a method for producing organic fertilizer through solid-state fermentation of soybean meal. Background Art

[0002] Fermented organic fertilizer refers to the process of converting organic materials such as animal and plant residues, agricultural waste, and kitchen waste into biofertilizers rich in nutrients required for plant growth through the activity of microorganisms under certain temperature and humidity conditions. This process not only reduces environmental pollution but also converts waste into resources, promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. During the fermentation process, microorganisms decompose organic matter to produce mineral elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium that can be absorbed by plants. They can also generate microbial communities that are beneficial to the soil, improving soil structure and fertility. However, existing fermented organic fertilizers are prone to nutrient loss due to leaching and volatilization, which increases the number of fertilization applications. High-concentration traditional fertilizers that come into direct contact with crop roots may cause seedling burn. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal, which forms a protective layer by a coating material to extend the fertilizer effect period, improve the survival ability and application effect of microorganisms in adverse environments, and regulate the nutrient release rate so that plants can continuously and stably absorb nutrients during the growth cycle, thereby avoiding nutrient loss and initial excessive growth.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Fermenting mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, adding sugar and a nitrogen source, adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use;

[0006] S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0007] S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0008] S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 1-3 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C. Turn the pile every 0.5-2 days after the temperature drops to 32-37°C. Turn the pile every 7-10 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C.

[0009] S5. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source and trace elements, dried at low temperature and granulated, and the granulated organic fertilizer is coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0010] Preferably, the nitrogen source includes one or more of amino acids, urea, nitrates, amides and ammonium salts.

[0011] Preferably, the phosphorus source includes one or more of superphosphate, rock phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate.

[0012] Preferably, the potassium source includes one or more of potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

[0013] Preferably, the trace elements include one or more of iron, zinc, manganese and copper.

[0014] Preferably, in S1, the fermentation pH is 3-6, the fermentation temperature is 25-32°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentation are performed intermittently, with anaerobic fermentation performed initially for 5-8 days, followed by aerobic fermentation with the lid opened for ventilation at intervals of 1-2 days. Anaerobic and aerobic fermentation are performed intermittently, with anaerobic fermentation performed initially to inhibit the growth of some aerobic bacteria, and ventilation performed with the lid opened to provide suitable growth conditions for yeast.

[0015] The fermented mushroom residue produces a variety of enzymes (such as proteases, cellulases, etc.), vitamins, amino acids and antibacterial substances, and due to the addition of yeast, the yeast proliferates while the mushroom residue is fermented.

[0016] Preferably, in S2, the ratio of the fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal is 5:5:3:7.

[0017] Preferably, in S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 1-10% of the mass of the mixture.

[0018] Preferably, in S3, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 1-3:1-5:1-5.

[0019] The yeast cells and fermentation agents in the fermented mushroom residue are compounded to ferment and decompose the macromolecular substances in the cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal, and the obtained fermentation product is also rich in microbial active substances.

[0020] Preferably, in S3, the pH of the stack fermentation is 4-7.

[0021] Preferably, in S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Burkholderia to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving the coating material, the granulated organic fertilizer and the additive in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray drying at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder.

[0022] Preferably, the mixing ratio of Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Burkholderia is 3:2:5.

[0023] Preferably, the coating material comprises one or more of alginate, pectin, chitosan, soy protein and polylactic acid.

[0024] Preferably, the additive comprises one or more of a stabilizer, an organic pigment and a protective agent.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned method of solid-state fermentation of soybean meal to produce organic fertilizer, and its beneficial effects are:

[0026] 1. The present invention multiplies yeast while fermenting mushroom residue. The fermented mushroom residue is mixed with cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal, and participates in subsequent fermentation reactions together with a fermentation agent to ferment and decompose macromolecular substances. The resulting fermentation product is also rich in microbial active substances.

[0027] 2. The present invention mixes Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia into organic fertilizer and coats it with a coating material to enhance the promoting effect of the organic fertilizer on plant growth. The addition of Burkholderia improves soil structure and fertility. Streptomyces freundii can produce a variety of enzymes and growth-promoting factors, which are beneficial to soil improvement and plant growth. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi coexist with plant roots, improving the plant's ability to absorb water and mineral elements.

[0028] 3. The present invention adopts coating means to wrap microorganisms and organic fertilizers in coating materials, and forms a protective layer through the coating material to extend the fertilizer effect period, improve the survival ability and application effect of microorganisms in adverse environments, and regulate the nutrient release rate, so that plants can continuously and stably absorb nutrients during the growth cycle, avoiding nutrient loss and initial excessive growth.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the following embodiments. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the same meanings as those commonly understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The above-mentioned features or features described in the specific examples of the present invention may be combined in any manner. These specific embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] S1. Fermenting the mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, with the yeast added in an amount of 3% of the mushroom residue, adding sugars (sucrose, glucose) and a nitrogen source (urea, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulfate), adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use;

[0033] In S1, the pH of the fermentation was 4.5, the fermentation temperature was 28°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentations were performed intermittently. Anaerobic fermentation was performed for 5 days in the initial stage, and then aerobic fermentation was performed with the lid opened for ventilation at intervals of 1 day.

[0034] S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0035] In S2, the ratio of fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal was 5:5:3:7.

[0036] S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0037] In S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 3% of the mass of the mixture.

[0038] In S3, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 2:3:5.

[0039] In S3, the condition for bulk fermentation was pH 6.

[0040] S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 2 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C; turn the pile every 1 day after the temperature drops to 32-37°C; turn the pile every 7 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C;

[0041] S5. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with nitrate, calcium phosphate, potassium chloride and iron, zinc and manganese elements, dried at low temperature and granulated, and the granulated organic fertilizer is coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0042] In S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia in a mixing ratio of 3:2:5 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving the coating material, the granulated organic fertilizer, and polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray-drying at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] S1. Fermenting the mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, with the yeast added in an amount of 3% of the mushroom residue, adding sugars (sucrose, glucose) and a nitrogen source (urea, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulfate), adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use;

[0045] In S1, the pH of the fermentation was 4.5, the fermentation temperature was 28°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentations were performed intermittently. Anaerobic fermentation was performed for 5 days in the initial stage, and then aerobic fermentation was performed with the lid opened for ventilation at intervals of 1 day.

[0046] S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0047] In S2, the ratio of fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal was 5:5:3:7.

[0048] S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0049] In S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 5% of the mass of the mixture.

[0050] In S3, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 1:3:3.

[0051] In S3, the pH of the bulk fermentation was 6.

[0052] S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 2 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C; turn the pile every 1 day after the temperature drops to 32-37°C; turn the pile every 7 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C;

[0053] S5. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source and trace elements, dried at low temperature and granulated, and the granulated organic fertilizer is coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0054] In S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia in a mixing ratio of 3:2:5 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving the coating material, the granulated organic fertilizer, and polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray-drying at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] S1. Fermenting mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, with the yeast added at 3% of the mushroom residue, adding sugars (sucrose, glucose) and a nitrogen source (urea, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulfate), adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use;

[0057] In S1, the pH of the fermentation was 4.5, the fermentation temperature was 28°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentations were performed intermittently. Anaerobic fermentation was performed for 5 days in the initial stage, and then aerobic fermentation was performed with the lid opened for ventilation at intervals of 1 day.

[0058] S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0059] In S2, the ratio of fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal was 5:5:3:7.

[0060] S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0061] In S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 7% of the mass of the mixture.

[0062] In S3, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 3:5:5.

[0063] In S3, the condition for bulk fermentation was pH 6.

[0064] S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 2 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C; turn the pile every 1 day after the temperature drops to 32-37°C; turn the pile every 7 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C;

[0065] S5. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with amide, phosphate rock powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and zinc, manganese and copper elements, dried at low temperature and granulated, and the granulated organic fertilizer is coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0066] In S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia in a mixing ratio of 3:2:5 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving the coating material, the granulated organic fertilizer, and polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray-drying at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] S1. Fermenting the mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, with the yeast added in an amount of 3% of the mushroom residue, adding sugars (sucrose, glucose) and a nitrogen source (urea, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulfate), adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use;

[0069] In S1, the pH of the fermentation was 4.5, the fermentation temperature was 28°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentations were performed intermittently. Anaerobic fermentation was performed for 5 days in the initial stage, and then aerobic fermentation was performed with the lid opened for ventilation at intervals of 1 day.

[0070] S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0071] In S2, the ratio of fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal was 5:5:3:7.

[0072] S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0073] In S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 9% of the mass of the mixture.

[0074] In S3, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 2:5:5.

[0075] In S3, the condition for bulk fermentation was pH 6.

[0076] S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 2 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C; turn the pile every 1 day after the temperature drops to 32-37°C; turn the pile every 7 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C;

[0077] S5. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with ammonia salt, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, manganese and copper, and granulated after low-temperature drying. The granulated organic fertilizer is coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0078] In S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia in a mixing ratio of 3:2:5 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving the coating material, the granulated organic fertilizer, and polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray-drying at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder.

[0079] Example 5

[0080] S1. Fermenting the mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, with the yeast added in an amount of 3% of the mushroom residue, adding sugars (sucrose, glucose) and a nitrogen source (urea, ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulfate), adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use;

[0081] In S1, the pH of the fermentation was 4.5, the fermentation temperature was 28°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentations were performed intermittently. Anaerobic fermentation was performed for 5 days in the initial stage, and then aerobic fermentation was performed with the lid opened for ventilation at intervals of 1 day.

[0082] S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0083] In S2, the ratio of fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal was 5:5:3:7.

[0084] S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0085] In S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 10% of the mass of the mixture.

[0086] In S3, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 3:4:5.

[0087] In S3, the condition for bulk fermentation was pH 6.

[0088] S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 2 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C; turn the pile every 1 day after the temperature drops to 32-37°C; turn the pile every 7 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C;

[0089] S5. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source and trace elements, dried at low temperature and granulated, and the granulated organic fertilizer is coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0090] In S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia in a mixing ratio of 3:2:5 to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving the coating material, the granulated organic fertilizer, and polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray-drying at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder.

[0091] Comparative Example 1

[0092] S1. Preparing a mixture: uniformly mixing mushroom residue with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal, and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented;

[0093] In S1, the ratio of mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue and soybean meal is 5:5:3:7.

[0094] S2, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then stacking for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm;

[0095] In S2, the amount of fermentation agent added is 3% of the mass of the mixture.

[0096] In S2, the fermentation bacteria include actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 2:3:5.

[0097] In S2, the condition for bulk fermentation was pH 6.

[0098] S3. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 2 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C; turn the pile every 1 day after the temperature drops to 32-37°C; turn the pile every 7 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C;

[0099] S4. After the fermentation of the pile is completed, it is mixed with nitrate, calcium phosphate, potassium chloride and iron, zinc and manganese elements, dried at low temperature and granulated to obtain organic fertilizer powder.

[0100] Test Example 1

[0101] 36 pots of tomato seedlings were cultivated, with one seedling of the same growth potential planted in each pot. The tomato seedlings were divided into 6 groups, and each group was treated with equal amounts of the organic fertilizer powders described in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1. The remaining growth conditions remained the same. Destructive sampling was performed during the flowering period (2 months after transplanting) and the harvest period (4 months after transplanting). Complete tomato plants were collected and their above-ground and underground parts were cut from the roots. The above-ground plants were used to measure plant weight, plant height, and number of effective branches; the underground parts were used to determine root growth. Mature fruits were collected at maturity to determine tomato fruit yield and quality.

[0102] a. Plant height, column weight and number of effective branches

[0103] The aboveground biomass of the plants was weighed using an electronic scale, and the plant height was measured using a ruler as the distance from the plant base to the top of the main stem, that is, the distance between the soil base and the main stem growth point. The number of effective branches was counted based on the number of branches on the main stem. The growth results between the flowering period (2 months after transplanting) and the harvest period (4 months after transplanting) are shown in Table 1.

[0104] Table 1. Growth results after treatment in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1

[0105]

[0106] b. Root growth status

[0107] The differences in root lengths of plants at the flowering stage (2 months after transplanting) and the harvest stage (4 months after transplanting) in different groups were compared, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0108] Table 2. Data table of the difference in root length of tomatoes after treatment in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1

[0109]

[0110] c. Tomato fruit yield and quality

[0111] The fruit yield and quality of the different groups were evaluated at the flowering stage (2 months after transplanting) and the harvest stage (4 months after transplanting). The results are shown in Table 3.

[0112] Table 3. Tomato fruit yield and quality evaluation after treatment in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1

[0113]

[0114] Among them, the appearance of the fruit quality is graded and divided into excellent, good and poor.

[0115] Therefore, the present invention adopts a method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal according to the above steps. The obtained organic fertilizer forms a protective layer through the coating material to extend the fertilizer effect period, improve the survival ability and application effect of microorganisms in adverse environments, and regulate the nutrient release rate, so that plants can continuously and stably absorb nutrients during the growth cycle, avoiding nutrient loss and initial excessive growth.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Fermenting mushroom residue: placing the pretreated mushroom residue and yeast in a fermentation tank, adding sugar and a nitrogen source, adjusting the temperature and pH, and performing anaerobic and aerobic fermentation intermittently to obtain the fermented mushroom residue for later use; S2. Preparing a mixture: removing the fermented mushroom residue from the fermentation tank in S1, and uniformly mixing it with cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal; and adding water to adjust the moisture content to a state where the mixture can be held in the hand without dripping and falls apart when released, thereby obtaining a mixture to be fermented; In S2, the ratio of fermented mushroom residue, cassava residue, furfural residue, and soybean meal was 5:5:3:7; S3, fermenting the mixture: adding fermentation bacteria to the mixture to be fermented, mixing evenly and then piling up for fermentation, and covering the surface of the pile with a film to keep it moist and warm; In S3, the fermentation bacteria are actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus licheniformis, and the compound ratio is 1-3:1-5:1-5; S4. Turning the pile: Turn the pile every 1-3 days after the temperature rises to above 40°C. Turn the pile every 0.5-2 days after the temperature drops to 32-37°C. Turn the pile every 7-10 days after the temperature drops to below 30°C. After S5 and the pile fermentation are completed, the organic fertilizer is mixed with nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium source and trace elements, granulated after low temperature drying, and coated to obtain organic fertilizer powder; In S5, the coating step comprises mixing Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and Burkholderia to obtain a mixed bacterial solution, dissolving a coating material, granulated organic fertilizer, and additives in water to obtain a coating solution, adding the mixed bacterial solution to the coating solution to obtain a mixed coating solution, and spray-drying the mixture at low temperature to obtain an organic fertilizer powder; The coating material is one or more of alginate, pectin, chitosan, soy protein and polylactic acid; The additive is one or more of a stabilizer, an organic pigment and a protective agent.

2. The method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal according to claim 1, wherein: In S1, the pH of the fermentation is 3-6, the fermentation temperature is 25-32°C, and anaerobic and aerobic fermentations are performed intermittently. Anaerobic fermentation is performed for 5-8 days in the initial stage, and then the lid is opened for ventilation at intervals of 1-2 days for aerobic fermentation.

3. The method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, the amount of fermentation agent added is 1-10% of the mass of the mixture.

4. The method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, the pH of the bulk fermentation is 4-7.

5. The method for producing organic fertilizer by solid-state fermentation of soybean meal according to claim 1, wherein: The mixing ratio of Streptomyces freundii, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Burkholderia spp. was 3:2:5.

Images