Temperature control system and control method for deep saturation diving and cruising submersible cabin

Abstract

The application relates to a temperature control system and control method for a large-depth saturation diving and cruising submersible cabin, which is communicated with the cruising submersible cabin and comprises a heat exchange system led out from the cruising submersible cabin, wherein the heat exchange system comprises: a pipeline led out from the bottom of the cruising submersible cabin and connected to the top of the cruising submersible cabin; a water inlet valve and a filter installed on the pipeline; a water pump located on the output side of the filter, wherein the water pump is connected with an oil motor as a power source; a heat exchanger located on the output side of the water pump, wherein the heat exchanger is connected with a temperature control machine which simultaneously detects the water temperature in the cruising submersible cabin; a water outlet valve located on the output side of the heat exchanger, wherein the water outlet end of the water outlet valve is connected back to the cruising submersible cabin; the water pump positive load working condition and the water pump negative load working condition are alternately operated; a pressure control cabinet is connected to the cruising submersible cabin, and the pressure control cabinet is used for compensating the fluctuation caused by the flow difference of the water outlet and the water return of the cruising submersible cabin. The application solves the problem of the internal water temperature control of the large-depth saturation diving and cruising submersible cabin.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of saturation diving, and particularly relates to a temperature control system and control method for a large-depth saturation diving training cabin. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are two kinds of diving techniques for human beings to dive into the sea to carry out various operations, i.e., conventional diving and saturation diving.

[0003] The conventional diving is also called air diving, in which the safe diving depth of a diver is not more than 60 m, and the operation time is short, so the diver cannot perform continuous, heavy and long-term large-scale underwater operation tasks.

[0004] Saturation diving refers to that a diver is exposed to a high-pressure environment for a long time, so that the gas in each tissue of the diver is fully saturated, and on this basis, as long as the environmental pressure does not change, the decompression time is equal regardless of the exposure time.

[0005] The saturation diving training system is composed of a living cabin and a training cabin, and its approximate process is as follows: before the saturation diving operation starts, the diver lives in the living cabin, and is pressurized according to a predetermined procedure to make the inert gas in the diver saturated at a predetermined operation depth, when the training is needed, the diver enters the training cabin with the same pressure from the living cabin, and after completing the training task in the training cabin, the diver returns to the living cabin to live and rest.

[0006] The training cabin is characterized in that:

[0007] The training cabin has a large volume, generally about tens of cubic meters;

[0008] The temperature control system is arranged to cool or heat the internal seawater to simulate the seawater temperature;

[0009] The bottom seawater and the top air have a pressure equal to the pressure of the living cabin, i.e., the pressure of the target seawater depth for saturation diving training.

[0010] The above characteristics can provide a real training scene close to seawater for the diver.

[0011] As known from the above, the temperature control system of the training cabin has the following difficulties:

[0012] The diver is extremely sensitive to temperature in the large-depth saturation diving condition, and in addition, the water volume in the cabin is large, so the uniformity of the internal water temperature of the training cabin is required to be high;

[0013] The water and air in the training cabin have high pressures, for example, the internal pressure of the 500-meter saturation diving is about 5 MPa;

[0014] The diver trains inside the submersible, the inert gas in the body is in a saturated state, and the safety requirement is very high, and the submersible cannot have strong electric equipment and cannot have uncontrolled leakage risk.

[0015] The temperature control of the submersible is similar to the reaction kettle in the industry, and the existing reaction kettle stirring technology is generally to pass the long shaft through the rotary seal into the inside of the reaction kettle, use the motor outside the cabin to drive the shaft to rotate, and then drive the shaft in the kettle to rotate, so as to realize the stirring of the seawater in the kettle; for the reaction kettle with low working pressure, magnetic stirring technology can also be used; but for the high-pressure reaction kettle, the inside of the kettle is under high pressure, and the rotary seal is easy to be damaged, and the high-pressure water is easy to leak from the rotary seal, causing the pressure instability in the kettle; in addition, the non-magnetic material with high pressure resistance has low strength, so the wall thickness of the reaction kettle is thick, and the magnetic stirring technology is not feasible.

[0016] In summary, the existing technology cannot solve the problem of temperature control of the water in the submersible. SUMMARY

[0017] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art production technology, the applicant provides a large-depth saturation diving submersible temperature control system and control method, thereby solving the problem of temperature control of the water in the submersible.

[0018] The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0019] A large-depth saturation diving submersible temperature control system is connected with the submersible, comprising a heat exchange system leading out from the submersible,

[0020] The heat exchange system comprises:

[0021] A pipeline leading out from the bottom of the submersible, and the output end is connected to the top of the submersible,

[0022] A water inlet valve and a filter are installed on the pipeline,

[0023] A water pump is located on the output side of the filter, and the water pump is connected with an oil motor as a power source,

[0024] A heat exchanger is located on the output side of the water pump, and the heat exchanger is connected with a temperature control machine, and the temperature control machine detects the water temperature in the submersible,

[0025] A water outlet valve is located on the output side of the heat exchanger, and the water outlet end of the water outlet valve is connected back to the submersible,

[0026] The water pump positive load working condition and the negative load working condition are alternately operated; a pressure control cabinet is connected on the submersible, and the pressure control cabinet is used to compensate the pressure fluctuation caused by the flow difference of the water outlet and the water return of the submersible.

[0027] The output shaft of the oil motor is connected with the input shaft of the water pump, the oil motor is provided with an A port and a B port, wherein the A port is connected with external pressure oil; the B port of the oil motor is connected with a back pressure valve.

[0028] The oil motor is a bidirectional motor.

[0029] The water pump is a valve-arranged flow axial pump, and the number of the water pump plungers is odd.

[0030] The rated working pressure of the water pump is at least 2 times of the target pressure in the submarine cabin.

[0031] A temperature control method using a temperature control system of a large-depth saturation submarine cabin, comprising the following steps:

[0032] The preset temperature control cabinet and pressure control cabinet are started to the expected parameters,

[0033] The oil motor drives the water pump to extract water at the bottom of the submarine cabin, and the water is transported to the heat exchanger for heat exchange, and then the water after heat exchange is transported back to the cabin from the top of the submarine cabin, forming a large-flow rapid temperature control and pressure stabilization loop of water pump pumping and draining.

[0034] The back pressure valve is preset to a pressure P2, and the setting steps of the pressure of the back pressure valve are as follows:

[0035] The instantaneous maximum flow and the instantaneous minimum flow of the water pump are calculated,

[0036] When the water pump cylinder rotates, the water pump is divided into two operating states of positive load working condition and negative load working condition, when in the positive load working condition, the port pressure P5 of the oil motor connected with pressure oil is higher than the inlet pressure P2 of the back pressure valve; when in the negative load working condition, the port pressure P6 of the oil motor connected with pressure oil is lower than the inlet pressure P2 of the back pressure valve,

[0037] When the oil motor is in the negative load working condition, P2 can be obtained according to the torque formula of the oil motor and the water pump.

[0038] When the oil motor is in the negative load working condition, P2 satisfies the following formula:

[0039] P2V2ω>(Q Tmax -Q Tmin )(P4-P3)

[0040] In the formula, P2 is the setting pressure of the back pressure valve,

[0041] V2 is the displacement of the oil motor,

[0042] Q Tmax is the maximum instantaneous flow of the water pump,

[0043] Q Tmin is the minimum instantaneous flow of the water pump,

[0044] P4 represents the pressure in the high-pressure zone of the plunger cavity.

[0045] P3 represents the internal pressure of the plunger cavity in the low-pressure zone.

[0046] ω is the pump speed.

[0047] The pressure P4 in the high-pressure zone plunger chamber must overcome the resistance ε1 of the pipeline and valves between the water pump outlet and the top of the patrol submersible, so it is slightly higher than the patrol submersible pressure P1, i.e., P4 = P1 + ε1.

[0048] The internal pressure of the plunger chamber in the low-pressure zone is P3. The pressure P1 of the patrol submersible must overcome the resistance ε2 of the valves, filters and pipelines between the bottom of the patrol submersible and the water pump inlet. P3 = P1 - ε2.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0050] This invention uses a commercially available high-flow-rate water pump to draw water from the bottom of the patrol submersible, inject it into the PCHE heat exchanger for full heat exchange, and then pump it back to the top of the patrol submersible. This achieves rapid temperature control by raising and lowering the temperature, and also realizes the circulation and stirring of the water inside the submersible, which can effectively improve the temperature uniformity. In addition, the entire system uses commercially available mature components, which has high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the present invention.

[0052] The components include: 1. Inlet valve; 2. Filter; 3. Water pump; 4. Safety valve; 5. Oil motor; 6. Back pressure valve; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Temperature control cabinet; 9. Pressure control cabinet; 10. Outlet valve; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Patrol submersible. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of water inlet valve 1 is connected to the bottom of the patrol submersible chamber 12, the outlet of water inlet valve 1 is connected to the inlet of filter 2, the outlet of filter 2 is connected to the inlet of water pump 3, the outlet of water pump 3 is connected to safety valve 4 and the material inlets on both sides of PCHE heat exchanger 7, the material outlets on both sides of PCHE heat exchanger 7 are connected to water outlet valve 10, and the outlet of water outlet valve 10 is connected back to the top of patrol submersible chamber 12, forming a loop.

[0055] Heat exchanger 7 is also connected to temperature control cabinet 8. Submersible chamber 12 is connected to pressure control cabinet 9.

[0056] The hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the water pump 3, serving as the power source for the water pump 3. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the input shaft of the water pump 3 via a coupling. Figure 1The two sides of the oil motor 5 are respectively provided with an A port and a B port, the A port is connected with the pressure oil, and the B port is connected with the back pressure valve 6.

[0057] In the structure, the oil motor 5 is a bidirectional motor, and the bidirectional motor can be reversed, that is, the A port and the B port of the oil motor 5 can be used as the oil inlet and outlet ports.

[0058] The water pump 3 adopts a commercially available high-flow water pump 3, the structure of the water pump 3 is a valve flow distribution axial pump, and the number Z of plungers must be odd. The water pump 3 used in the scheme cannot adopt other structural forms, and the rated working pressure of the water pump 3 is required to be at least twice the target pressure P1 in the submarine water chamber 12. The reasons are as follows:

[0059] 1. In order to reduce the flow pulsation of the water circulation, thereby reducing the difference between the water inflow and outflow of the submarine water chamber 12, and further improving the internal pressure stability of the submarine water chamber 12, the number of plungers of the water pump 3 is odd to reduce the flow pulsation, and the same commercially available mature water pump 3 with an odd number of plungers is adopted;

[0060] 2. When the number Z of plungers of the water pump 3 is odd, the number of plungers in the high-pressure area is or The internal pressure of the plunger cavity in the high-pressure area of the water pump 3 is P4, P4 can overcome the resistance ε1 generated by the pipeline and valve between the water pump outlet and the top of the submarine water chamber 12, so it is slightly higher than P1, that is, P4 = P1 + ε1;

[0061] At the same time, the number of plungers in the low-pressure area is or For a traditional water pump, the internal pressure of the plunger cavity in the low-pressure area is the suction pressure of the pump, which is lower than one atmosphere, but for the present application, the internal pressure of the plunger cavity in the low-pressure area is P3, and the target pressure P1 in the submarine water chamber 12 needs to overcome the resistance ε2 of the valve, filter and pipeline between the bottom of the submarine water chamber 12 and the inlet of the water pump 3, P3 = P1 - ε2;

[0062] 3. The supporting force of the flow distribution disc of the traditional disc flow distribution water pump 3 comes from the bearing action of the high-pressure fluid in the high-pressure plunger cavity. In the working condition of the present application, the pressure in the high-pressure plunger cavity is P4, and the pressure in the low-pressure plunger cavity is P3. Therefore, the supporting force of the flow distribution disc of the traditional disc flow distribution water pump 3 will be destroyed in the working condition of the present application, thereby being unbalanced, causing rapid and serious wear of the flow distribution disc, and therefore the disc flow distribution cannot be adopted;

[0063] 4. The contact force between the plunger and the inclined disc of the traditional water pump 3 is calculated only according to the P4 pressure of the high-pressure area plunger, but in the working condition of the present application, the low-pressure area plunger also bears the P3 pressure. In order to ensure the contact life of the plunger and the inclined disc and the strength of the related parts, the rated pressure of the selected water pump 3 is at least twice the maximum pressure P1 in the submarine water chamber 12;

[0064] 5. Radial pump rotation speed is low, the number of plungers is small, the flow is small and the flow pulsation is large, so the water pump 3 needs to adopt an axial pump structure.

[0065] The back pressure valve 6 adopts a sequence valve structure, and the set pressure of the back pressure valve 6 is P2. The determination method of P2 is as follows:

[0066] Step one: the instantaneous maximum flow Q of the water pump 3 Tmax determined by the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] The instantaneous minimum flow Q Tmin is

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, d is the diameter of the plunger, unit cm,

[0071] R is the distribution circle diameter of the plunger axis in the cylinder, unit cm,

[0072] ω is the angular velocity of the cylinder of the water pump 3, unit rad / s,

[0073] β is the tilt angle of the swash plate, and Z is the number of plungers;

[0074] Step two: in the process of one rotation of the cylinder of the water pump 3, the number of plungers in the high pressure area of the water pump 3 is the number of plungers in the low pressure area is At this time, the water pump 3 is in a positive and negative load working condition, the pressure oil drives the oil motor 5 to overcome the positive and negative load of the water pump 3, and drives the water pump 3 to rotate forward. At this time, the A port pressure P5 of the oil motor 5 is higher than the B port pressure P2; the number of plungers in the high pressure area is the number of plungers in the low pressure area is At this time, the water pump 3 is in a negative load working

[0075] condition, the A port pressure oil and the water pump 3 jointly drive the oil motor 5 to rotate forward. Since the back pressure valve 6 provides back pressure for the oil motor, the oil motor 5 will not stall. At this time, the A port pressure P6 of the oil motor 5 is lower than the B port pressure P2;

[0076] is the rotation angle of the cylinder,

[0077] t is time, unit second;

[0078] The working condition of the oil motor 5 requires that it must be a bidirectional motor;

[0079] Step three: when the oil motor 5 is in a negative load working condition, the maximum value of the flow difference between the inflow and the outflow of the water pump 3 is not more than Q Tmax -QTmin

[0080] P2V2ω>(Q Tmax -Q Tmin )(P4-P3)

[0081] V2 is the oil motor 5 displacement;

[0082] The back pressure valve 6 set pressure P2 according to the above formula relationship value, can guarantee that the water pump 3 and oil motor 5 will not stall under negative load conditions.

[0083] The temperature control cabinet 8 is a common temperature control cabinet 8 on the market, the temperature sensor 11 detects the internal water temperature of the submarine water tank 12, the temperature sensor 11 is buried in the internal submarine water tank 12, and is connected with the temperature control cabinet 8, the temperature signal is fed back to the temperature control cabinet 8, and the temperature control cabinet 8 can inject the heat conducting medium after refrigeration or heating into one side inlet of the heat exchanger 7, and continuously circulate on this side.

[0084] The PCHE heat exchanger 7 used in the application is a fine channel compact plate heat exchanger 7, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, ultra-high efficiency, low pressure drop, corrosion resistance and the like, can withstand the water pressure of the water pump outlet P4 pressure, can resist water corrosion, and can realize efficient heat exchange of one side heat conducting medium and two side water.

[0085] The pressure control cabinet 9 detects the pressure in the submarine water tank 12 through the pressure sensor, realizes the pressure control in the submarine water tank 12 through closed loop control, and when the submarine water tank 12 appears regular controllable micro leakage, the pressure control cabinet 9 can still control the pressure in the submarine water tank 12 at the target pressure P1, and the accumulator is arranged in the pressure control cabinet 9, which can effectively absorb slight pressure fluctuation.

[0086] The system provided by the application has the following working principle in the specific operation process:

[0087] First, open the temperature control cabinet 8 and set the target water temperature; open the pressure control cabinet 9 and set the target pressure; open the pressure oil switch and drive the oil motor 5 to rotate.

[0088] The water at the bottom of the submarine water tank 12 enters the heat exchanger 7 after being pumped by the water pump 3, and is fully heat exchanged with the heat conducting medium on one side of the temperature control cabinet 8, and then returns to the top of the submarine water tank 12.

[0089] In the heat exchange process, the water pump 3 rotates one circle, that is, alternately runs in the positive load condition and the negative load condition. Since the back pressure valve 6 is set to the expected pressure and the water pump 3 is a valve matching axial pump, the water pump 3 and the oil motor 5 will not stall even if the water pump 3 is in the negative load condition. In the process, since the water pump 3 is an odd number of plungers and the water pump 3 is an axial pump, the water pump 3 has large flow and small flow pulsation, can quickly and multiple times circulate the water in the submarine water tank 12, on the one hand, realizes the rapid temperature control in the submarine water tank 12, and on the other hand, effectively improves the temperature uniformity of the water in the submarine water tank 12.

[0090] In the rotation process of the water pump 3, since there is gap leakage between the plunger and the cylinder body, and the instantaneous flow of the sucked water and the pumped water is not consistent, flow pulsation is formed, so the instantaneous flow of the water sucked from the submarine water tank 12 and the water pumped back to the submarine water tank 12 is not the same, which will cause the pressure in the submarine water tank 12 to be in a state of continuous slight fluctuation, but since the pressure control cabinet 9 exists, the pressure fluctuation can be effectively compensated.

[0091] In the application, the used components are commercially available components, not non-standard components, so the overall system has high reliability. The application uses these commercially available components for combination, in the running process of each component, the component characteristics are reasonably set and used, the possible defects are avoided, so that the expected temperature control purpose is reliably achieved.

[0092] The above description is an explanation of the application, not a limitation of the application, the scope defined by the application is referred to the claims, within the protection scope of the application, any form of modification can be made.

Claims

1. A temperature control system for a deep-sea saturation diving chamber (12), characterized in that: It is connected to the submersible (12) and includes a heat exchange system derived from the submersible (12). The heat exchange system includes: The pipeline extends from the bottom of the submersible (12) and its output end is connected to the top of the submersible (12). The inlet valve (1) and filter (2) are installed on the pipeline. The water pump (3) is located on the output side of the filter (2). The water pump (3) is connected to the oil motor (5) as a power source. The water pump (3) is a valve-distributed axial pump. The number of plungers in the water pump (3) is odd. The rated working pressure of the water pump (3) is at least twice the target pressure P1 inside the patrol submersible (12). The heat exchanger (7) is located on the output side of the water pump (3). The heat exchanger (7) is connected to a temperature controller, which simultaneously monitors the water temperature inside the patrol submersible (12). The outlet valve (10) is located on the output side of the heat exchanger (7), and the outlet end of the outlet valve (10) is connected back to the patrol submersible chamber (12). The water pump (3) operates alternately under positive load and negative load conditions; a pressure control cabinet (9) is connected to the patrol submersible (12), which is used to compensate for the pressure fluctuations caused by the difference in flow rate between the outflow and return water of the patrol submersible (12). The output shaft of the oil motor (5) is connected to the input shaft of the water pump (3). The oil motor (5) has port A and port B, where port A is connected to external pressurized oil; port B of the oil motor (5) is connected to a back pressure valve (6), and the back pressure valve (6) is preset to a pressure P2. The steps for setting the pressure of the back pressure valve (6) are as follows: Calculate the instantaneous maximum flow rate and instantaneous minimum flow rate of the water pump (3). When the cylinder of the water pump (3) rotates, the water pump (3) is divided into two operating states: positive load condition and negative load condition. When in positive load condition, the pressure P5 at the port where the oil motor (5) is connected to the pressurized oil is higher than the inlet pressure P2 of the back pressure valve (6); when in negative load condition, the pressure P6 at the port where the oil motor (5) is connected to the pressurized oil is lower than the inlet pressure P2 of the back pressure valve (6). When the oil motor (5) is under negative load, P2 can be derived from the torque formula of the oil motor (5) and the water pump (3).

2. The temperature control system for the deep-sea saturation diving chamber (12) as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oil motor (5) is a bidirectional motor.

3. A temperature control method using the temperature control system of the deep-sea saturation diving chamber (12) as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Preset the temperature control cabinet (8) and pressure control cabinet (9) to the expected parameters, and start the oil motor (5). The oil motor (5) drives the water pump (3) to draw water from the bottom of the patrol submersible (12) and deliver it to the heat exchanger (7) for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the water is transported back into the cabin from the top of the patrol submersible (12), forming a high-flow-rate, rapid temperature and pressure-stabilizing circuit for pumping and draining water.

4. The temperature control method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the oil motor (5) is under negative load, P2 satisfies the following formula: - )(P4-P3) In the formula, P2 is the set pressure of the back pressure valve (6). V2 is the displacement of the hydraulic motor (5). The instantaneous maximum flow rate of the water pump (3) The instantaneous minimum flow rate of the water pump (3) P4 is the pressure in the plunger chamber of the high-pressure zone of the water pump (3). P3 is the pressure in the plunger chamber of the low-pressure zone of the water pump (3). The rotational angular velocity of the water pump (3).

5. The temperature control method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure zone plunger chamber pressure P4 must overcome the resistance of the pipeline and valves between the outlet of the water pump (3) and the top of the patrol submersible (12). Therefore, the pressure is higher than that of the patrol submersible chamber, P1, i.e., P4 = P1 + .

6. The temperature control method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The internal pressure of the plunger chamber in the low-pressure zone is P3. The pressure P1 of the patrol submersible (12) must overcome the resistance of valves, filters and pipelines between the bottom of the patrol submersible (12) and the inlet of the water pump (3). P3 = P1 - .

Images