A smart fertilization control system for dryland sponge fields

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of crop image analysis technology, and discloses a dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system, including a detection probe module, an intelligent sensor module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a strategy analysis module, a data storage module, a fertilizer spraying module, a user control module, a remote monitoring module and a monitoring alarm module; the detection probe module uses a high-resolution camera and an infrared camera to monitor the growth stage of crops in the sponge field, as well as insect pests, insufficient water and abnormal temperature, and feeds back the detected data results to the data acquisition module. The present invention uses a high-resolution camera and an infrared camera to capture the sponge field in real time, extracts the growth status of crops in the sponge field from the captured pictures, and then uses an intelligent sensor to obtain the humidity, temperature and nutrient concentration of the sponge field soil. These parameters can be used to efficiently and accurately determine whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop image analysis, and in particular to an intelligent fertilization control system for dryland sponge fields. Background Art

[0002] "Sponge field" is a concept of agricultural management and ecological protection, which mainly refers to the transformation of agricultural land into land with good water regulation function through specific design and measures, so as to enhance its ability to absorb, store and discharge rainfall and water.

[0003] The existing patent discloses a variable fertilization control system and method for farmland soil (publication number CN117055420A), in which the system includes: a variable fertilization control scheme formulation module, which is used to formulate a variable fertilization control scheme based on the preset soil state map corresponding to the farmland and the distribution of fertilizer carts in the farmland; a variable fertilization operation control module, which is used to control multiple fertilizer carts in the farmland to perform variable fertilization operations based on the variable fertilization control scheme. In the technology disclosed in this patent, it is difficult to accurately carry out reasonable fertilization according to the different growing seasons and growth states of crops. In addition, in the technology disclosed in this patent, the judgment of the soil state of the sponge field and the growth of crops is not accurate, which makes it impossible to achieve the best use effect of fertilizers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent fertilization control system for dryland sponge fields, which solves the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system includes a detection probe module, an intelligent sensor module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a strategy analysis module, a data storage module, a fertilizer spraying module, a user control module, a remote monitoring module and a monitoring alarm module;

[0006] The detection probe module uses a high-resolution camera and an infrared camera to monitor the growth stage of crops in the sponge field, as well as insect pests, lack of water and abnormal temperature, and feeds the detection data results back to the data acquisition module;

[0007] The data acquisition module is used to set the interval time of data acquisition, collect the data monitored by the detection probe module according to the set interval time, and transmit the collected data to the data storage module, the data acquisition module and the data processing module;

[0008] The intelligent sensor module is used to measure the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of the sponge field, and feed the measured data back to the data processing module for pre-processing;

[0009] The data processing module is used to convert the sensor readings into a unified unit and perform feature extraction on the detection probe module monitoring data collected by the data collection module;

[0010] The strategy analysis module adjusts the fertilizer spraying strategy of the fertilizer spraying module by calling the historical log of the data storage module and the real-time detection data of the intelligent sensor module and the detection probe module;

[0011] The fertilizer spraying module is used to perform fertilizer spraying operations on the sponge field according to the instructions of the execution strategy analysis module and the user control module.

[0012] Furthermore, the data processing module uses a high-resolution camera to monitor the change rate of color saturation of crop leaves, the average shape change of leaves, and the height of plants in the sponge field to extract the growth state characteristic coefficients of crops in the sponge field, which are:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, Represents the characteristic coefficient of the growth status of crops in the sponge field, Indicates the rate of change of color saturation of crop leaves, represents the average shape change rate of crop leaves, Indicates the average growth height of crops in a week.

[0015] Furthermore, the data processing module monitors the temperature change of crops or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas in the sponge field by the infrared camera, as well as the chlorophyll content in the crop spectral data to determine the nutritional status indicators of the crops in the sponge field, including:

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, Indicates the nutritional status of crops in the sponge field. Indicates the temperature variation of crops or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas, Represents the chlorophyll content in crop spectral data.

[0018] Furthermore, the strategy analysis module determines to open the fertilizer spraying module for the fertilizer spraying operation according to the growth state characteristic coefficient of the crops in the sponge field, the nutritional state index of the crops, and the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration collected by the intelligent sensor module, including:

[0019]

[0020] in, represents the probability coefficient of the strategy analysis module sending an operation instruction to the fertilizer spraying module; and:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, represents the influence coefficient of soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of sponge field on M, represents the nutrient concentration in the sponge field soil, represents the soil moisture of the sponge field, Indicates the soil moisture suitable for crop growth. represents the soil temperature of the sponge field, Indicates the soil temperature suitable for crop growth.

[0023] Furthermore, when When , the strategy analysis module does not need to issue a fertilizer spraying control instruction to the fertilizer spraying module;

[0024] when When , the strategy analysis module needs to issue a fertilizer spraying control instruction to the fertilizer spraying module.

[0025] Furthermore, the remote monitoring module is used to monitor the spraying status of the fertilizer spraying module in real time, and whether the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module is excessive or insufficient, and to feed back the spraying status information of the fertilizer spraying module to the monitoring alarm module in real time.

[0026] Furthermore, the monitoring alarm module is used to receive feedback information from the remote monitoring module in real time, and send an alarm to the user control module when the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module is excessive or insufficient.

[0027] Furthermore, the user control module is used to receive the processed status information of the sponge field collected by the detection probe module and the intelligent sensor module, as well as the feedback information of the monitoring alarm module, to actively adjust the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module.

[0028] Furthermore, the data storage module is used to store the growth log of crops in the sponge field, as well as crop growth status data, moisture status data, temperature abnormality status data and fertilizer spraying log.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention uses a high-resolution camera to monitor the rate of change of color saturation of crop leaves, the average shape change of leaves, and the height of plants in the sponge field. The crop pictures taken by the high-resolution camera are used to capture the growth status characteristic coefficient of the crops in the sponge field. The growth status characteristic coefficient is convenient for intuitively judging whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized and watered.

[0031] 2. The present invention uses an infrared camera to capture the spectral status of crops in the sponge field, including the temperature change of crops or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas, and the chlorophyll content in the crop spectral data, to determine the nutritional status index of crops in the sponge field. The nutritional status index can further assist in determining whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized.

[0032] 3. The present invention uses a high-resolution camera and an infrared camera to capture the sponge field in real time, and extracts the growth status of crops in the sponge field from the captured pictures, and then uses intelligent sensors to obtain the humidity, temperature and nutrient concentration of the sponge field soil. These parameters can be used to efficiently and accurately determine whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fertilization control system in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Distribution map of smart sensors and detection cameras in sponge fields. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, a dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system includes a detection probe module, an intelligent sensor module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a strategy analysis module, a data storage module, a fertilizer spraying module, a user control module, a remote monitoring module and a monitoring alarm module; the detection probe module uses a high-resolution camera and an infrared camera to monitor the growth stage of crops in the sponge field, as well as insect pests, insufficient water and abnormal temperature, and feeds back the detection data results to the data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is used to set the interval time of data acquisition, collect the data monitored by the detection probe module according to the set interval time, and transmit the collected data to the data storage module, the data acquisition module and the data processing module; the high-resolution camera is used to monitor the change rate of the color saturation of the leaves of the crops in the sponge field, the average shape change of the leaves and the height of the plants, and the crop pictures taken by the high-resolution camera are used to capture the growth state characteristic coefficient of the crops in the sponge field, and the growth state characteristic coefficient is convenient for intuitively judging whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized and watered.

[0038] The intelligent sensor module is used to measure the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of the sponge field, and feed the measured data back to the data processing module for preprocessing; the data processing module is used to convert the sensor readings into a unified unit, and extract features from the monitoring data of the detection probe module collected by the data acquisition module; the strategy analysis module adjusts the fertilizer spraying strategy of the fertilizer spraying module by calling the historical log of the data storage module and the real-time detection data of the intelligent sensor module and the detection probe module; the fertilizer spraying module is used to spray fertilizer on the sponge field according to the instructions of the execution strategy analysis module and the user control module, and use high-resolution cameras and infrared cameras to capture the sponge field in real time, and extract the growth status of crops in the sponge field from the captured pictures, and then use intelligent sensors to obtain the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of the sponge field. These parameters can be used to efficiently and accurately determine whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the data processing module uses a high-resolution camera to monitor the rate of change of color saturation of crop leaves, the average shape change of leaves, and the height of plants in the sponge field to extract the growth status characteristic coefficients of crops in the sponge field, which are:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, Represents the characteristic coefficient of the growth status of crops in the sponge field, Indicates the rate of change of color saturation of crop leaves, represents the average shape change rate of crop leaves, Indicates the average growth height of crops in a week.

[0043] The change rate of color saturation of wheat crop leaves in sponge field X is taken (The rate of change of crop leaf color saturation = the color saturation of crop leaves in the previous month - the color saturation of crop leaves in the current month). The average shape change rate of wheat crop leaves in sponge field X is (Average shape change rate of crop leaves = (average area of ​​crop leaves in the current month - average area of ​​crop leaves in the previous month) ÷ average area of ​​crop leaves in the previous month). The average growth height of wheat crops in sponge field X in one week is (cm), then:

[0044]

[0045] From the above calculation, we can know that the growth state characteristic coefficient of wheat crops in sponge field X is Among them, the larger the growth state characteristic coefficient of the crop, the more vigorous the growth trend of the crop, and the less need to fertilize the sponge field.

[0046] The data processing module uses infrared cameras to monitor the temperature changes of crops in the sponge field or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas, as well as the chlorophyll content in the crop spectral data to determine the nutritional status indicators of crops in the sponge field, including:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, Indicates the nutritional status of crops in the sponge field. Indicates the temperature variation of crops or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas, Represents the chlorophyll content in crop spectral data.

[0049] The proportion of temperature changes or abnormal cooling areas of wheat crops in sponge field X (The ratio of the temperature change or abnormal cooling area of ​​the crop = the area of ​​the area where the crop temperature is below 10°C in the sponge field ÷ the total area of ​​the crop in the sponge body). The chlorophyll content in the spectral data of wheat crops in sponge field X is taken (µg / cm²), then:

[0050]

[0051] From the above calculation, we can know that the nutritional status index of wheat crops in sponge field X is Among them, the larger the coefficient of the crop's nutritional status index is, the more vigorous the crop's growth trend is, and the less fertilization is needed for the sponge field.

[0052] The strategy analysis module determines whether to open the fertilizer spraying module for fertilizer spraying operations based on the growth status characteristic coefficient of crops in the sponge field, the nutritional status index of crops, and the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration collected by the intelligent sensor module.

[0053]

[0054] in, represents the probability coefficient of the strategy analysis module sending an operation instruction to the fertilizer spraying module; and:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, represents the influence coefficient of soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of sponge field on M, represents the nutrient concentration in the sponge field soil, represents the soil moisture of the sponge field, Indicates the soil moisture suitable for crop growth. represents the soil temperature of the sponge field, Indicates the soil temperature suitable for crop growth.

[0057] when When , the strategy analysis module does not need to issue a fertilizer spraying control instruction to the fertilizer spraying module;

[0058] when When , the strategy analysis module needs to issue a fertilizer spraying control instruction to the fertilizer spraying module.

[0059] Nutrient concentration of wheat crop soil in sponge field X (mg / kg), where soil nutrient concentration refers to the combined concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil. Among them, the soil moisture suitable for wheat crop growth is The soil temperature of sponge field X is (Celsius), where the soil temperature suitable for wheat crop growth is (degrees Celsius), then:

[0060]

[0061] From the above calculation, we can know that the influence coefficient of soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of sponge field X on M is .in, The larger the value is, the greater the probability that sponge field X needs to be fertilized.

[0062] Then, the probability coefficient of the strategy analysis module sending an operation instruction to the fertilizer spraying module is:

[0063]

[0064] From the above calculation, it can be known that the wheat crops in sponge field X need to be fertilized and irrigated.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the remote monitoring module is used to monitor the spraying status of the fertilizer spraying module in real time, and whether the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module is excessive or insufficient, and to feed back the spraying status information of the fertilizer spraying module to the monitoring and alarm module in real time. The monitoring and alarm module is used to receive the feedback information of the remote monitoring module in real time, and to send an alarm to the user control module when the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module is excessive or insufficient. The user control module is used to receive the processed state information of the sponge field collected by the detection probe module and the intelligent sensor module, as well as the feedback information of the monitoring and alarm module, to actively adjust the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module. The data storage module is used to store the growth log of the crops in the sponge field, as well as the crop growth state data, moisture state data, temperature abnormal state data and fertilizer spraying log, and the infrared camera is used to shoot the spectral state of the crops in the sponge field, including the temperature change of the crops or the proportion of the abnormal cooling area, and the chlorophyll content in the crop spectral data, to determine the nutritional state index of the crops in the sponge field, which can further assist in determining whether the sponge field needs to be fertilized.

[0066] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system, characterized in that: It includes detection probe module, intelligent sensor module, data acquisition module, data processing module, strategy analysis module, data storage module, fertilizer spraying module, user control module, remote monitoring module and monitoring alarm module; The detection probe module uses a high-resolution camera and an infrared camera to monitor the growth stage of crops in the sponge field, as well as insect pests, lack of water and abnormal temperature, and feeds the detection data results back to the data acquisition module; The data acquisition module is used to set the interval time of data acquisition, collect the data monitored by the detection probe module according to the set interval time, and transmit the collected data to the data storage module, the data acquisition module and the data processing module; The intelligent sensor module is used to measure the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of the sponge field, and feed the measured data back to the data processing module for pre-processing; The data processing module is used to convert the sensor readings into a unified unit and perform feature extraction on the detection probe module monitoring data collected by the data collection module; The data processing module uses a high-resolution camera to monitor the change rate of the color saturation of the leaves of crops, the average shape change of the leaves, and the height of the plants in the sponge field to extract the growth state characteristic coefficients of the crops in the sponge field, which are: In the formula, Represents the characteristic coefficient of the growth status of crops in the sponge field, Indicates the rate of change of color saturation of crop leaves, represents the average shape change rate of crop leaves, Indicates the average growth height of crops in a week; The data processing module uses the infrared camera to monitor the temperature change of crops or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas in the sponge field, as well as the chlorophyll content in the crop spectral data to determine the nutritional status indicators of the crops in the sponge field, including: In the formula, Indicates the nutritional status of crops in the sponge field. Indicates the temperature variation of crops or the proportion of abnormal cooling areas, Represents the chlorophyll content in crop spectral data; The strategy analysis module adjusts the fertilizer spraying strategy of the fertilizer spraying module by calling the historical log of the data storage module and the real-time detection data of the intelligent sensor module and the detection probe module; The strategy analysis module determines to open the fertilizer spraying module for fertilizer spraying operation according to the growth state characteristic coefficient of crops in the sponge field, the nutritional state index of crops, and the soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration collected by the intelligent sensor module, including: in, represents the probability coefficient of the strategy analysis module sending an operation instruction to the fertilizer spraying module; and: In the formula, represents the influence coefficient of soil moisture, temperature and nutrient concentration of sponge field on M, represents the nutrient concentration in the sponge field soil, represents the soil moisture of the sponge field, Indicates the soil moisture suitable for crop growth. represents the soil temperature of the sponge field, Indicates soil temperature suitable for crop growth; when When , the strategy analysis module does not need to issue a fertilizer spraying control instruction to the fertilizer spraying module; when When , the strategy analysis module needs to send a fertilizer spraying control instruction to the fertilizer spraying module; The fertilizer spraying module is used to perform fertilizer spraying operations on the sponge field according to the instructions of the execution strategy analysis module and the user control module.

2. The dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The remote monitoring module is used to monitor the spraying status of the fertilizer spraying module in real time, and whether the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module is excessive or insufficient, and to feed back the spraying status information of the fertilizer spraying module to the monitoring alarm module in real time.

3. The dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The monitoring and alarm module is used to receive feedback information from the remote monitoring module in real time, and send an alarm to the user control module when the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module is excessive or insufficient.

4. The dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The user control module is used to receive the processed status information of the sponge field collected by the detection probe module and the intelligent sensor module, as well as the feedback information of the monitoring alarm module, to actively adjust the actual spraying amount of the fertilizer spraying module.

5. The dryland sponge field intelligent fertilization control system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data storage module is used to store the growth log of crops in the sponge field, as well as crop growth status data, moisture status data, temperature abnormality status data and fertilizer spraying log.

Images