Horizontal five-axis machine tool error detection and compensation method

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal five-axis machine tool axis error detection and compensation method, and belongs to the field of five-axis machine tool machining equipment. The method comprises the following steps: S100, detector installation, installing a detector for detecting the drift error value of each coordinate axis on the machine tool; S200, intersection detection, detecting the actual value of the Y axis at A0° and the actual value of the Z axis at A-90° through the detector; S300, intersection compensation, calculating the intersection Jo through the detected intersection value and compensating the intersection Jo into the machine tool numerical control system; S400, RTCP axis coordinate detection, detecting the actual runout value of each axis coordinate through the RTCP function five-axis linkage; and S500, RTCP axis coordinate compensation, compensating the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system. The application has the advantages of not needing to try cutting parts in the process of detecting and compensating the errors of the machine tool, saving the maintenance cost, improving the maintenance efficiency and the equipment precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of five-axis machining equipment, in particular to a method for detecting and compensating errors of each axis of a horizontal five-axis machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increase of use time, the mechanical parts of the precision five-axis machining center will wear and age, causing the precision to decrease and the coordinate axes to drift (run out of coordinates), which cannot meet the product machining requirements. Nowadays, the international situation is changing complexly, and the purchase of spare parts for many imported five-axis precision equipment is blocked. Frequent replacement of new mechanical parts cannot be realized, and the replacement cost is high, the cycle is long, and the efficiency is low. At present, the equipment can only be used as a rough machining device after wear and aging, and cannot exert the processing capacity of the equipment.

[0003] The original adjustment method for compensating each axis is to obtain the deviation value of each axis by measuring the trial machined parts for compensation. For example, the patent with the publication number CN108994664A discloses a five-axis machine tool RTCP precision detection and correction method, which adjusts the first rotary center X-axis coordinate, adjusts the first rotary center Y-axis coordinate, adjusts the first rotary center Z-axis coordinate, and adjusts the second rotary center Y-axis coordinate to achieve the adjustment of the five-axis precision. This self-checking method for five-axis precision by cutting needs to try cutting the parts, and the operation time is long, and the adjustment precision is limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a method for detecting and compensating errors of each axis of a horizontal five-axis machine tool, to solve the technical problem of long operation time by detecting and correcting the machine tool precision by trial cutting parts.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a method for detecting and compensating errors of each axis of a horizontal five-axis machine tool is provided, which includes S100, installing a detection device, installing a detection device for detecting the drift error value of each coordinate axis on the machine tool; S200, intersection detection, detecting the actual value of the Y-axis at A0° and the actual value of the Z-axis at A-90° through the detection device; S300, compensating the intersection, calculating the intersection Jo through the detected intersection value, and compensating the intersection Jo into the machine tool numerical control system; S400, detecting the RTCP axis coordinates, using the RTCP function five-axis linkage to detect the actual runout value of each axis coordinate; S500, compensating the RTCP axis coordinates, compensating the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system.

[0006] Optionally, after the step of compensating the actual runout values of the detected coordinate axes into the numerical control system, the method further comprises the following steps: S600, detecting the runout values of the coordinate axes, if the runout values are less than or equal to a threshold value, the detection and compensation are completed, if the runout values are greater than the threshold value, the step of compensating the actual runout values of the detected coordinate axes into the numerical control system is performed again.

[0007] Optionally, the step of compensating the actual runout values of the detected coordinate axes into the numerical control system S500 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] S510, using the RTCP function to perform Z-direction correction compensation;

[0009] S520, using the RTCP function to perform X and Y direction correction compensation.

[0010] Optionally, the step of installing the detection tool S100 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0011] S110, installing the detection ball on the center of the B-axis of the machine tool rotary table;

[0012] S120, sucking the micrometer on the machine tool spindle, and the head of the micrometer touches the surface of the detection ball;

[0013] S130, rotating the B-axis, and adjusting the position of the detection tool so that the reading of the micrometer is less than 0.003mm.

[0014] Optionally, the step of detecting the actual value of the Y-axis at A0° specifically comprises the following steps:

[0015] S210, when the rotary table is at the zero position of the A-axis, sucking the micrometer on the machine tool spindle, and the head of the micrometer measures the highest point of the Z-axis of the detection ball, reading and recording the reading a of the micrometer, and recording the Z-axis coordinate value Z1 of the machine tool at this time.

[0016] Optionally, the step of detecting the actual value of the Z-axis at A-90° specifically comprises the following steps:

[0017] S220, rotating the rotary table to the position of A-90°, keeping the position of the micrometer and the micrometer holder on the spindle unchanged, and moving the spindle so that the head measures the highest point of the Z-axis of the detection ball, so that the reading of the micrometer is a, and recording the Z-axis coordinate value Z2 of the machine tool at this time.

[0018] Optionally, the step of compensating the intersection degree by calculating the intersection degree Jo based on the detected intersection degree value specifically comprises the following steps:

[0019] S310, rotate the rotary table to the A-axis zero position, keep the dial gauge and the dial gauge holder fixed on the spindle, move the spindle to make the dial gauge head measure the highest point of the Y direction of the detection sphere, read and record the reading b of the dial gauge, and record the Y direction coordinate value Y1 of the machine tool at this time;

[0020] S320, rotate the rotary table to the A-axis -90° position, keep the dial gauge and the dial gauge holder fixed on the spindle, move the spindle to make the dial gauge head measure the highest point of the Y direction of the detection sphere, make the reading of the dial gauge b, and record the Y direction coordinate value Y2 of the machine tool at this time;

[0021] S330, calculate the intersection degree of the A and B axes of the machine tool according to the formula Jo=(Z2-Z1)-(Y1-Y2) / 2.

[0022] Optionally, the threshold value is 0.006 mm.

[0023] Optionally, the step S510 of using the RTCP function to perform Z direction compensation specifically includes:

[0024] S511, when the A-axis is at the 0° position, install a five-axis detection dial gauge holder on the rotary table, install the dial gauge holder at the center of the B-axis rotary table, install a spherical core rod on the spindle, install a dial gauge on the detection dial gauge holder and fasten it with a screw, make the dial gauge head measure the highest point of the Z direction of the sphere, and record the reading c of the dial gauge at this time;

[0025] S512, keep the dial gauge and the dial gauge holder fixed, start the five-axis linkage function, call the machine tool program, rotate the A-axis to the -90° position, and simultaneously link the rotary table and the spindle, when the action stops, make the dial gauge head measure the highest point of the Y direction of the detection sphere, read and record the reading d of the dial gauge at this time;

[0026] S513, if d-c≤0.006 mm, the detection compensation is completed, and the parameter value at this time is the Z direction coordinate value of the spindle end face;

[0027] S514, if (d-c) > 0.006 mm, subtract the value of (d-c) from the value in the second rotary axis offset vector (Z) of the machine tool numerical control system;

[0028] S515, repeatedly detect and verify the runout value of Z, obtain new readings d and c, and subtract the value of (d-c) from the value in the second rotary axis offset vector (Z) of the machine tool numerical control system, until (d-c)≤0.006 mm, and the parameter value at this time is the Z direction coordinate value of the spindle end face.

[0029] Optionally, the step S520 of using the RTCP function to perform X and Y direction compensation specifically includes:

[0030] S521, when the B-axis is at zero and the A-90° position, the dial gauge touches the X+ direction highest point of the spindle ball core rod to record the reading C1 at this time;

[0031] S522, open the five-axis linkage function, call the machine tool program, rotate the B-axis while the X-axis and Y-axis are linked, when the B-axis is at -90°, -180°, -270°, record the dial gauge readings C2, C3, C4 respectively;

[0032] S523, if C1≠C3, C2≠C4, then the value of-(C1-C3) in the second rotation axis offset vector (X) of the machine tool numerical control system, and the value of-(C2-C4) in the second rotation axis offset vector (Y) of the machine tool;

[0033] S524, repeat steps S522, S523, until C1=C3, C2=C4, complete the detection compensation method.

[0034] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] The method of the present application achieves the detection and correction of machine tool errors without trial cutting parts by directly measuring the actual errors of the machine tool and directly compensating using the numerical control system, which greatly saves maintenance cost and improves maintenance efficiency and equipment precision. Specifically, the method includes the following key steps: first, install specific detection tools such as detection balls and dial gauges at key positions of the machine tool, which can accurately measure the deviations on the machine tool spindle and worktable. By measuring the data obtained at multiple predetermined positions (such as A0°, A-90°, B0°, B90°, B180°, B270°), the actual runout values or drift conditions of each axis (X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, etc.) can be accurately captured;

[0036] These measured actual error values are then input into the numerical control system, which calculates the necessary compensation values based on these data and automatically adjusts the control parameters of the machine tool to correct these deviations. For example, if the measurement results show that the Z-axis has deviations at certain angle positions, the numerical control system will automatically adjust the relevant parameters to ensure that the Z-axis remains accurately aligned during all operations. This compensation mechanism utilizes the numerical control function of the machine tool itself, avoiding the traditional method of gradually adjusting and verifying the accuracy of the machine tool through trial cutting of parts;

[0037] In this way, not only the accuracy of detection and correction is improved, but also the time and material consumption required for repeated trial cutting and adjustment are significantly reduced. Since no physical cutting test is required during the entire process, the demand for raw materials and possible waste is reduced, thereby reducing the operating cost. In addition, since the numerical control system can quickly process and apply compensation data, the efficiency of the entire correction process is greatly improved, the downtime of the machine tool is reduced, and the production efficiency is optimized.

[0038] In addition to the above described objects, features and advantages, the present application has other objects, features and advantages. These will become apparent from the following detailed description of the application, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated by reference herein. The drawings are not intended to limit the application in any way.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the horizontal five-axis machine tool axis error detection compensation method of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the intersection degree Z1 coordinate value detection diagram;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the intersection degree Z2 coordinate value detection diagram;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the intersection degree Y1 coordinate value detection diagram;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the intersection degree Y2 coordinate value detection diagram;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the A-axis rotation and Y, Z-axis linkage error detection diagram;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the B-axis rotation and X, Y-axis linkage error detection diagram;

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the program O0001-A;

[0048] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the program O0002-B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered below.

[0050] The present application will be described in further detail below.

[0051] The embodiments of the present application disclose a horizontal five-axis machine tool axis error detection compensation method, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S100, detector installation, install detector on machine tool for detecting coordinate axis drift error value, this step is the basis of the whole detection and compensation process. Install detectors such as detection ball and micrometer, etc. to ensure that they can accurately capture the actual movement and position error of each axis of the machine tool. These instruments must be accurately fixed at the specified position of the machine tool to accurately measure the axial and angular error. Correct installation of these instruments is crucial for the accuracy of error data in subsequent steps.

[0053] S200, intersection detection, detect the actual value of Y axis at A0° and the actual value of Z axis at A-90° through the detector, by measuring the actual value of Y axis and Z axis at different angle positions (such as A0° and A-90°), this step can accurately determine the intersection error of the machine tool. Intersection is a parameter that describes how two axes intersect in space, and its accuracy has a direct impact on the multi-axis machining accuracy of the machine tool. By measuring the actual performance of these axes at different positions, the true state of the axis system can be understood.

[0054] S300, compensate for intersection, calculate intersection Jo through the detected intersection value, and compensate Jo into the numerical control system of the machine tool. After obtaining accurate intersection data, these data are used to calculate intersection Jo, and then the compensation value of Jo is input into the numerical control system of the machine tool. This step is to adjust the machine tool to reduce or eliminate the detected intersection error, so as to ensure the accuracy of the machine tool in complex machining operation.

[0055] S400, detect RTCP each axis coordinate, use RTCP function to detect the actual runout value of each axis coordinate, TCP (real-time tool position control) function allows five-axis linkage, this step uses the function to detect the actual position and movement of each axis (including tool axis). By detecting at different preset axis positions, the actual dynamic of each axis in operation can be understood in detail, including the deviation and runout of the axis.

[0056] S500, compensate for RTCP each axis coordinate, compensate the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system, after obtaining the actual runout value of each axis, these data are used to calculate the necessary compensation value, which is then input into the numerical control system to adjust the machine tool setting. This step is the key to ensure that each axis of the machine tool reaches the expected accuracy in actual machining process. By adjusting the numerical control system to correct these errors, the machining quality of the product and the reliability of the machine tool are improved.

[0057] Specifically, step S100 includes:

[0058] S110, install a detection ball on the center of the B-axis of the machine tool rotary table, the detection ball as an accurate geometric reference point is installed on the center of the B-axis to ensure that the starting point of the measurement has high accuracy. The position of the detection ball directly affects the accuracy of the measurement, so it must be accurately installed at the center of the rotary axis of the machine tool. The detection ball provides a standard, known size and shape surface for contact measurement by a dial gauge or other detection equipment.

[0059] S120, suck the dial gauge on the spindle of the machine tool, the dial gauge head touches the spherical surface of the detection ball, the dial gauge is a precise measuring tool used to measure the small distance changes between the spindle and the detection ball. By installing the dial gauge and making its head touch the detection ball, the small height changes of the surface during the rotation of the B-axis can be accurately measured, which is the key to evaluating the accuracy of the machine tool. The dial gauge provides a readable interface to capture and record any axial or radial runout or error generated during the rotation of the B-axis.

[0060] S130, rotate the B-axis and adjust the position of the detection tool so that the reading of the dial gauge is less than 0.003mm, detect the concentricity and radial runout of the shaft: by rotating the B-axis and monitoring the reading of the dial gauge, this step detects the concentricity and smoothness of the B-axis. Adjust the detection tool until the reading of the dial gauge stabilizes in a very small range (less than 0.003mm), which ensures the accuracy and consistency of the operation of the B-axis. The purpose of this step is to eliminate any potential error sources through precise adjustment, ensuring that the dial gauge can provide highly consistent readings at any position of the B-axis, thereby proving the precision manufacturing and assembly quality of the rotary axis of the machine tool.

[0061] After the step of compensating the actual runout values of the detected shaft coordinates into the numerical control system of the RTCP, the following steps are included:

[0062] S600, detect the runout value of each shaft, if the runout value is less than or equal to the threshold value, the detection and compensation are completed, if the runout value is greater than the threshold value, the step of compensating the actual runout values of the detected shaft coordinates into the numerical control system of the RTCP is performed again. After the intersection and RTCP coordinate measurement and compensation through the previous steps, the S600 step ensures whether these compensation measures effectively reduce the runout or drift of each shaft. By detecting the runout value of each shaft again, this step can confirm whether the machine tool has reached the required accuracy standard. In one specific embodiment, the threshold value is 0.006mm.

[0063] Reference Figure 2The step of detecting the actual value of the Y-axis at A0° by the detector specifically comprises: S210, when the rotary table is at the zero position of the A-axis, the micrometer gauge is sucked on the main shaft of the machine tool, the micrometer gauge head measures the highest point of the Z direction of the detection ball surface, reads and records the micrometer gauge reading a, and records the Z direction coordinate value Z1 of the machine tool at this time.

[0064] The zero position of the rotary table on the A-axis is generally regarded as the reference position for the detection of the Y-axis and the Z-axis, and is the starting point for evaluating the basic alignment and calibration of the machine tool. By measuring the highest point of the detection ball in the Z direction with the micrometer gauge, the actual performance of the Z-axis at this position can be obtained, i.e. the position accuracy of the Z-axis of the machine tool when there is no angular deviation. Recording the micrometer gauge reading a and the corresponding Z direction coordinate value Z1 of the machine tool provides accurate data for subsequent error analysis and compensation, ensuring that the accuracy of the Z-axis can be accurately controlled during processing.

[0065] Referring to Figure 3 The step of detecting the actual value of the Z-axis at A-90° specifically comprises: S220, rotating the rotary table to the -90° position of the A-axis, keeping the micrometer gauge and the gauge holder in the same position on the main shaft, moving the main shaft to make the micrometer gauge head measure the highest point of the Z direction of the detection ball surface, so that the micrometer gauge reading is a, and recording the Z direction coordinate value Z2 of the machine tool at this time.

[0066] Rotating the A-axis to the -90° position is generally a test for the extreme angle operation of the Z-axis of the machine tool, which can show the behavior and accuracy of the Z-axis at a large angle inclination. The micrometer gauge and the gauge holder remain stationary to ensure consistency and repeatability of the measurement. By moving the main shaft to adjust the micrometer gauge head until the measurement point is the same as before (i.e. reading a), the stability and accuracy of the machine tool Z-axis at different angles can be detected. Recording the Z direction coordinate value Z2 of the machine tool at this time, compared with Z1, can obtain the displacement of the Z-axis during the rotation of the A-axis from 0° to -90°, which is key data for evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the machine tool under complex angle operation.

[0067] Compensating for the intersection, the step of calculating the intersection Jo from the detected intersection value specifically comprises:

[0068] Referring to Figure 4 S310, rotating the rotary table to the zero position of the A-axis, keeping the micrometer gauge and the gauge holder in the same position on the main shaft, moving the main shaft to make the micrometer gauge head measure the highest point of the Y direction of the detection ball surface, reading and recording the micrometer gauge reading b, and recording the Y direction coordinate value Y1 of the machine tool at this time. By setting the rotary table at the zero position of the A-axis, fixing the position of the micrometer gauge and the gauge holder, and moving the main shaft to make the micrometer gauge head contact the highest point of the Y direction of the detection ball, the high point of the Y-axis at the reference position of the A-axis is determined, and the micrometer gauge reading b and the corresponding Y direction coordinate value Y1 are recorded. This is an important step for measuring the actual position accuracy of the Y-axis of the machine tool in the non-rotating state.

[0069] Referring to Figure 5 S320, rotate the rotary table to the A-axis -90° position, keep the dial gauge and dial holder fixed on the spindle position, move the spindle to make the dial head measure the Y-direction highest point of the detection ball, make the dial gauge reading b, record the machine tool Y-direction coordinate value Y2 at this time. Rotate the rotary table to the A-axis -90° position, keep the dial gauge and dial holder fixed, move the spindle to make the dial head measure the Y-direction highest point of the detection ball again. Record the Y-direction coordinate value Y2 at this time. This step detects the position deviation of the Y-axis of the machine tool spindle at the extreme rotation position, which is crucial for understanding the performance of the machine tool at different operating angles.

[0070] S330, calculate the intersection degree of the A and B axes of the machine tool according to the formula Jo=(Z2-Z1)-(Y1-Y2) / 2. Calculate the intersection degree of the A and B axes: through the recorded Z-direction coordinate values (Z1 and Z2) and Y-direction coordinate values (Y1 and Y2), use the formula Jo=(Z2-Z1)-(Y1-Y2) / 2 to calculate the intersection degree of the A and B axes. This calculation step is to convert the actually measured values into the deviation of the intersection angle between the machine tool axes, i.e. the intersection degree Jo, which is a key parameter for evaluating and adjusting the geometric accuracy of the machine tool.

[0071] These steps jointly provide a quantitative evaluation of the accuracy difference between the ideal state and the actual operating state of the machine tool. By accurately measuring and calculating the intersection degree, the numerical control system can be adjusted to compensate for the detected errors, ensuring accurate alignment between axes during multi-axis linkage operation, which is crucial for machining complex shapes and precision parts.

[0072] Step S500 specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] S510, use RTCP function for Z-direction correction compensation; during multi-axis machining, the accuracy of Z-axis is crucial because it directly affects the machining depth and cutting quality. S510 step dynamically adjusts the position of Z-axis through RTCP function to compensate for the deviation caused by mechanical wear, temperature change or other factors

[0074] S520, use RTCP function for X, Y direction correction compensation. X-axis and Y-axis are the key axes to control the plane position of the workpiece. S520 step adjusts the position of these two axes to ensure the accuracy of the machining trajectory and compensate for the deviation caused by mechanical wear or system error.

[0075] Referring to Figure 6 Step S510 of using RTCP function for Z-direction correction compensation specifically includes:

[0076] S511, when the A-axis is at 0° position, install the five-axis detection table on the rotary table, install the detection table at the center of the B-axis rotary table, install the ball-type mandrel on the main shaft, install the micrometer on the detection table and fasten it with screws, the micrometer head measures the highest point of the detection ball in Z direction, and the reading of the micrometer at this time is recorded as c;

[0077] Referring to Figure 8 , S512, keep the micrometer and the table fixed, turn on the five-axis linkage function, call the machine tool program O0001-A, rotate the A-axis to -90° position, and at the same time, the rotary table and the main shaft are linked, when the action stops, the micrometer head measures the highest point of the detection ball in Y direction, reads and records the reading of the micrometer at this time as d;

[0078] S513, if d-c≤0.006mm, the detection compensation is completed, and the parameter value at this time is the Z direction coordinate value of the main shaft end face;

[0079] S514, if (d-c)>0.006mm, subtract the value of (d-c) from the value of the second rotary axis offset vector (Z) in the numerical control system of the machine tool;

[0080] S515, repeatedly detect and verify the runout value of Z, obtain new readings d and c, and subtract the value of (d-c) from the value of the second rotary axis offset vector (Z) in the numerical control system of the machine tool, until (d-c)≤0.006mm, and the parameter value at this time is the Z direction coordinate value of the main shaft end face.

[0081] When the A-axis is at 0° position, the operator will install the five-axis detection table on the rotary table and fix the micrometer, using the ball-type mandrel as a reference, the micrometer head is set at the highest point of the detection ball in Z direction, and the reading of the micrometer at this time is recorded as c. Then, keep the micrometer and the table fixed, activate the five-axis linkage function through the numerical control system and rotate the A-axis to -90° position, at this extreme position, the micrometer head measures the highest point of the detection ball in Y direction, and the reading of the micrometer is recorded as d. Next, by comparing the difference between d and c, if the difference (d-c) is less than or equal to 0.006mm, it is considered that the current position accuracy of Z-axis has met the requirements and no further adjustment is needed; if d-c is greater than 0.006mm, it indicates that there is a large deviation in Z-axis, which needs to be compensated by adjusting the Z-axis offset vector in the numerical control system to subtract this difference. This compensation process may need to be iterated several times, through repeated detection and adjustment, until the accuracy standard of (d-c)≤0.006mm is reached, to ensure that Z-axis can maintain high accuracy at various angular positions, thereby improving the machining accuracy and quality of the whole machine tool.

[0082] Referring to Figure 7 , the steps S520 of using the RTCP function to make X, Y direction correction compensation specifically include:

[0083] S521, when the B-axis is at zero and the A-axis is at -90°, the dial gauge touches the highest point of the X+ direction of the spindle ball core rod, and the reading C1 at this time is recorded;

[0084] Referring to Figure 9 S522, the five-axis linkage function is turned on, and the machine tool program O0002-B is called to rotate the B-axis while the X-axis and Y-axis are linked, and when the B-axis is at -90°, -180°, and -270°, the dial gauge readings C2, C3, and C4 are recorded respectively;

[0085] S523, if C1≠C3 and C2≠C4, then the value -(C1-C3) is set in the second rotation axis offset vector (X) of the machine tool numerical control system, and the value -(C2-C4) is set in the second rotation axis offset vector (Y) of the machine tool;

[0086] S524, repeat steps S522 and S523 until C1=C3 and C2=C4, and the detection and compensation method is completed.

[0087] The step S520 series of using the RTCP function to correct and compensate X and Y directions ensures the position accuracy of the machine tool at different angles by accurately measuring and adjusting the offset of the X and Y axes, thereby improving the machining accuracy and mechanical performance. When the B-axis is at zero and the A-axis is at -90°, first measure and record the highest point reading C1 in the X-axis direction, then activate the five-axis linkage function and rotate the B-axis to -90°, -180°, and -270°, and record the X and Y axis readings C2, C3, and C4 at these positions respectively; then compare the readings of C1 and C3, and C2 and C4, if there is a discrepancy, adjust the offset vector in the numerical control system to compensate for the difference between the X and Y axes, and ensure the consistency of the X and Y axes at each position; this process may need to be adjusted multiple times until C1 and C3, and C2 and C4 are equal, and such iteration ensures that the coordinate axis offset of the machine tool at all predetermined angles can be accurately controlled, greatly enhancing the performance and reliability of the machine tool in complex machining tasks, reducing machining errors, and improving product quality.

[0088] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and compensating for errors of each axis of a horizontal five-axis machine tool, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S100, installing a detection device for detecting the drift error value of each coordinate axis on the machine tool; S200, intersection detection, detecting the actual value of the Y axis at A0° and detecting the actual value of the Z axis at A-90° through the detection device; S300, compensating the intersection, calculating the intersection Jo through the detected intersection value and compensating the intersection Jo into the numerical control system of the machine tool; S400, detecting the RTCP axis coordinates, detecting the actual runout value of each axis coordinate through the RTCP function five-axis linkage; S500, compensating the RTCP axis coordinates, compensating the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system; The step S500 of compensating the RTCP axis coordinates and compensating the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system specifically comprises the following steps: S510, using the RTCP function to compensate in the Z direction; S520, using the RTCP function to compensate in the X and Y directions; The step S510 of using the RTCP function to compensate in the Z direction specifically comprises: S511, when the A axis is at the 0° position, installing a five-axis detection table on the rotary table, installing the detection table at the center of the B axis rotary table, installing a spherical core rod on the main shaft, installing a dial gauge on the detection table and fastening it with screws, measuring the highest point of the sphere in the Z direction with the dial gauge head, and recording the reading c of the dial gauge at this time; S512, keeping the dial gauge and the table fixed, starting the five-axis linkage function, calling the machine tool program, rotating the A axis to the-90° position while the rotary table and the main shaft are linked, and when the movement stops, measuring the highest point of the detection sphere in the Y direction with the dial gauge head, reading and recording the reading d of the dial gauge at this time; S513, if (d-c)≤0.006mm, the detection compensation is completed, and the parameter value at this time is the Z direction coordinate value of the main shaft end face; S514, if (d-c)>0.006mm, the value of the second rotary axis offset vector (Z) in the numerical control system of the machine tool is reduced by the value of (d-c); S515, repeatedly detecting and verifying the runout value of Z, obtaining new readings d and c, and reducing the value of (d-c) from the value of the second rotary axis offset vector (Z) in the numerical control system of the machine tool until (d-c)≤0.006mm, and the parameter value at this time is the Z direction coordinate value of the main shaft end face.

2. The horizontal five-axis machine tool axis error detection compensation method according to claim 1, wherein after the step of compensating the RTCP axis coordinates and compensating the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system, the method further comprises the following steps: S600, detecting and verifying the runout value of each axis, if the runout value is less than or equal to the threshold value, the detection compensation is completed, and if the runout value is greater than the threshold value, the step of compensating the RTCP axis coordinates and compensating the detected actual runout value of each axis coordinate into the numerical control system is performed again.

3. The horizontal five-axis machine tool axis error detection compensation method according to claim 1, wherein the step S100 of installing a detection device for detecting the drift error value of each coordinate axis on the machine tool specifically comprises: ​ ​ S110, install the detection ball to the center of the B-axis of the machine tool rotary table; S120, suck the micrometer to the spindle of the machine tool, and the head of the micrometer touches the surface of the detection ball; S130, rotate the B-axis, and adjust the position of the detection tool, so that the reading of the micrometer is less than 0.003mm.

4. The horizontal five-axis machine tool error detection compensation method according to claim 3, wherein the step of detecting the actual value of the Y-axis by the detection tool comprises: S210, when the rotary table is at the A-axis zero position, suck the micrometer to the spindle of the machine tool, and the head of the micrometer measures the highest point of the Z-axis of the detection ball, reads and records the reading a of the micrometer, and records the Z-axis coordinate value Z1 of the machine tool at this time.

5. The horizontal five-axis machine tool error detection compensation method according to claim 4, wherein the step of detecting the actual value of the Z-axis at A-90° comprises: S220, rotate the rotary table to the A-axis-90° position, keep the position of the micrometer and the micrometer holder on the spindle unchanged, move the spindle so that the head measures the highest point of the Z-axis of the detection ball, so that the reading of the micrometer is a, and record the Z-axis coordinate value Z2 of the machine tool at this time.

6. The horizontal five-axis machine tool error detection compensation method according to claim 5, wherein the step of compensating the intersection degree by calculating the intersection degree Jo according to the detected intersection degree value comprises: S310, rotate the rotary table to the A-axis zero position, keep the position of the micrometer and the micrometer holder on the spindle unchanged, move the spindle so that the head measures the highest point of the Y-axis of the detection ball, read and record the reading b of the micrometer, and record the Y-axis coordinate value Y1 of the machine tool at this time; S320, rotate the rotary table to the A-axis-90° position, keep the position of the micrometer and the micrometer holder on the spindle unchanged, move the spindle so that the head measures the highest point of the Y-axis of the detection ball, so that the reading of the micrometer is b, and record the Y-axis coordinate value Y2 of the machine tool at this time; S330, calculate the intersection degree of the A and B axes of the machine tool according to the formula Jo=(Z2-Z1)-(Y1-Y2) / 2.

7. The horizontal five-axis machine tool error detection compensation method according to claim 2, wherein the threshold value is 0.006mm.

8. The horizontal five-axis machine tool error detection compensation method according to claim 7, wherein the step S520 of using the RTCP function to compensate the X and Y directions comprises: S521, when the B-axis is at the zero position and the A-axis is at-90°, the head touches the highest point of the X+ direction of the spindle ball core rod, and records the reading C1 at this time; S522, turn on the five-axis linkage function, call the machine tool program, rotate the B-axis while the X and Y axes are linked, and record the readings C2, C3 and C4 of the micrometer when the B-axis is at-90°, -180° and -270° respectively; S523, if C1≠C3 and C2≠C4, then the value-(C1-C3) is added to the second rotary axis offset vector (X) of the machine tool numerical control system, and the value-(C2-C4) is added to the second rotary axis offset vector (Y) of the machine tool numerical control system. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ S524, repeat steps S522, S523 until C1=C3, C2=C4, complete the detection compensation method.

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