A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with a high survival rate. The method comprises the following steps: mixing soaked Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds with plant ash and water, pouring the mixture into a germination promotion device for germination promotion, sending the promoted Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds into a germination box for germination promotion, planting the germinated Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds into the soil facing the sun, and transplanting the seedlings into the field after the seedlings are exposed to the ground at a height of 5 to 10 cm. The method belongs to "semi-dry seedling raising", has a low dependence on water, does not require long-term deep water seed soaking, utilizes a dual-band megasonic composite sound wave to break the dormancy period of the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, promotes the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds to germinate in advance, has a high germination rate, a high survival rate after transplantation, a short germination period, is particularly suitable for large-scale Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds for stacking breeding, is not easy to cause large-scale damage to the seed coat of the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, and does not cause the seed kernel to crack, has high safety, and is suitable for large-scale breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with a high survival rate, and belongs to the technical field of sowing and raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii. Background Art

[0002] Trichosanthes kirilowii, also known as Trichosanthes kirilowii, is a perennial herbaceous vine of the Cucurbitaceae family. Trichosanthes kirilowii has the effects of relieving fever and thirst, diuresis, antitussive and expectorant. Its fruit, peel, seeds and roots are used as traditional Chinese medicine Trichosanthes kirilowii, Trichosanthes kirilowii peel, Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds and Radix Trichosanthis respectively, for the prevention and treatment of various diseases.

[0003] At present, in the field of Trichosanthes seedling cultivation, common germination methods generally include deep water seed soaking, copper sulfate disinfection seed soaking, enzyme solution seed soaking, fermentation solution seed soaking, radiation breeding, microwave irradiation breeding, ultrasonic treatment assisted breeding and other technical means.

[0004] Among them, the cycles of deep water seed soaking and copper sulfate disinfection seed soaking are very long; deep water seed soaking generally needs to be carried out in ponds or large pools and relies on large amounts of water.

[0005] As for the two auxiliary breeding methods of microwave irradiation breeding and ultrasonic treatment assisted breeding, although the breeding cycle can be shortened, for example, the "a method for sowing and raising seedlings with high survival rate of Trichosanthes" disclosed in Application No. 202310463070.X, which disinfects the seeds with copper sulfate solution, then puts them into water for soaking; microwaves are applied to the seeds after soaking treatment to obtain pre-treated seeds; the pre-treated seeds are placed in sterilized wet sand for stratification treatment, regularly ventilated and the sand is kept moist, and ultrasonic treatment is applied in the early stage of stratification treatment to obtain deep-treated seeds; the deep-treated seeds are sown in nutrient soil, watered and fertilized regularly until the seedlings break the soil. The present invention improves the germination rate of Trichosanthes seeds and the survival rate of seedlings after sowing by combining microwave, stratification and ultrasound treatment on Trichosanthes seeds.

[0006] After research, our unit found that the use of microwave radiation to treat Trichosanthes seeds has very strict operating requirements for microwave power, microwave radiation time, etc. Taking the microwave radiation time as an example, if it is too low, the germination rate will not reach the ideal level. If it is too high (maybe just over-irradiation for a dozen seconds), it will cause excessive radiation and lead to a cliff-like drop in the survival rate. It is not suitable for large-scale breeding, because once the operation is wrong, a large number of Trichosanthes seeds will be scrapped. However, the effect of relying solely on ultrasound-assisted breeding is also limited, and it is very dependent on power density. Generally, the stacking thickness of Trichosanthes seeds is at most 3 times the diameter of the ultrasonic vibration rod. For a large number of stacked Trichosanthes seeds (if the stacking thickness is 10 times the diameter of the ultrasonic vibration rod), even if more ultrasonic vibration rods are used, once the power density is not properly controlled (because too many ultrasonic vibration rods are prone to produce sound wave superposition effect, the Trichosanthes seeds in the superposition area will be scrapped), the Trichosanthes seeds close to the ultrasonic vibration rod will be cavitated due to the excessive ultrasonic vibration, resulting in large-scale damage to the seed coat of a large number of Trichosanthes seeds, and in severe cases, the seed kernel (the seed kernel is the remaining part of the seed after removing the seed coat) will crack; and the Trichosanthes seeds far away from the ultrasonic vibration rod will not reach the ideal germination rate due to insufficient vibration intensity.

[0007] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with a high survival rate, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0009] A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1, after screening, removing impurities and disinfecting the Trichosanthes seeds, soaking them in clean water;

[0011] Step 2, mixing the soaked Trichosanthes seeds with plant ash and water, and pouring the mixture into a germination promotion device for germination promotion, and obtaining the promoted germination Trichosanthes seeds after the germination promotion is completed;

[0012] Step 3, sending the promoted germination Trichosanthes seeds into a germination box for germination, to obtain germinated Trichosanthes seeds;

[0013] Step 4: After the soil in the nursery field has been renovated, exposed to the sun, ridged, and covered with film, the germinated Trichosanthes seeds are planted in the soil facing the sun, and watered and fertilized regularly until the seedlings break through the soil. The seedlings are transplanted to the field when they are 5 to 10 cm above the ground.

[0014] As a further improvement, in step 1, the Trichosanthes seeds are soaked in clean water for 18 to 24 hours.

[0015] A further improvement is that the germination promotion device includes a base plate, a sleeve located above the base plate, and a sprayer located above the sleeve, the lower end of the sleeve is installed in the middle of the base plate, the outer portion of the lower portion of the sleeve is sleeved with a second rectangular tube, the lower end of the second rectangular tube is sealed and connected to the base plate, the second rectangular tube, the base plate and the lower portion of the sleeve are surrounded by an annular groove, the annular groove is filled with magnetic balls; the lower portion of the sleeve is provided with megasonic vibration components at equal intervals along the length direction of the sleeve, the megasonic vibration components include a fixed-frequency megasonic transducer, a dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer, a steel wire rope, and a card used to fix the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer and the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer on the base plate hoop, the steel wire rope is arranged along the width direction of the sleeve, the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer and the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer are both located outside the sleeve, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the vibration end of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer after passing through the sleeve, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the vibration end of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer after passing through the sleeve; on the same side of the sleeve, the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer and the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer are alternately arranged; the megasonic frequency of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer is not equal to the megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer, and the absolute value of the difference between the megasonic frequency of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer and the megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer is greater than 0.13 MHz.

[0016] As a further improvement, the sleeve includes a first rectangular tube and a rectangular cone-shaped cone tube located above the first rectangular tube, and the lower end of the cone tube is connected to the upper end of the first rectangular tube as a whole.

[0017] As a further improvement, the cone angle obtained by the longitudinal section of the cone is γ, 5°≤γ≤10°.

[0018] As a further improvement, a first through hole connected to the lower end of the first rectangular tube is provided at the center of the bottom plate, and a sealing plate is provided at the first through hole.

[0019] As a further improvement, the sealing plate comprises a plate body, a plurality of equilateral triangle-shaped mesh holes are arranged in the middle of the plate body, one side of the plate body is hinged to the bottom plate, and the other side of the plate body is connected to the bottom plate by a lock.

[0020] A further improvement is that the soaked Trichosanthes seeds, wood ash and water are evenly mixed in a mass ratio of 10:(1-1.5):(1.5-2) to obtain the Trichosanthes seeds mixed with wood ash, the Trichosanthes seeds mixed with wood ash are poured into a sleeve, a dynamic frequency megasonic transducer and a fixed frequency megasonic transducer are started, and at the same time, a resistant dextrin aqueous solution is sprayed into the sleeve through a sprayer to promote germination;

[0021] The megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer is 0.96 MHz; the volume of the plant ash mixed with the Trichosanthes seeds in the sleeve is V 1, the volume of the sleeve is V 0 ,

[0022] When 0<V 1 / V 0 ≤0.37, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 1.25 MHz;

[0023] When 0.37<V 1 / V 0 ≤0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 0.65 MHz;

[0024] When 0.71<V 1 / V 0 ≤0.93, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 0.74 MHz;

[0025] When 0.93<V 1 / V 0 ≤1, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 1.88 MHz.

[0026] As a further improvement, the mass fraction of the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is 1.3%, the duration of the germination promotion operation is 60 to 70 minutes, and the flow rate of the sprayer spraying into the sleeve is equal to the outflow flow rate at all mesh holes.

[0027] As a further improvement, the side length of the mesh is 1 to 3 mm.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] 1. The high survival rate seedling raising method of Trichosanthes kirilowii of the present invention belongs to "semi-dry seedling raising", which is less dependent on water and does not require long-term deep water seed soaking, and is suitable for mountainous areas; the dormancy period of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds can be broken by using dual-band megasonic composite sound waves, so that the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds can germinate in advance, the germination rate is high, the survival rate after transplanting is high (can reach more than 92%), the germination period is short, and a lot of time is saved.

[0030] 2. The present invention is particularly suitable for large-scale stacking breeding of Trichosanthes seeds. Regardless of the distance from the megasound source, the dual-band megasound composite sound wave has a similar effect on promoting the germination of the Trichosanthes seeds. It is not easy to cause large-scale damage to the seed coat of the Trichosanthes seeds, nor will it cause the seed kernel to crack. It has high safety and is suitable for large-scale breeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the germination promoting device of the present invention when no sprayer is installed;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the germination promoting device of the present invention when viewed from the side;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the germination promoting device described in Group A63;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the germination promotion device described in Group A64. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more than two; the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Screen, remove impurities and disinfect the Trichosanthes seeds, and soak them in clean water for 18 hours.

[0042] Step 2: After the soaked Trichosanthes seeds are mixed with wood ash and water, the mixture is poured into a germination promotion device for germination promotion. After the germination promotion is completed, the germinated Trichosanthes seeds are obtained.

[0043] Step 3: sending the germinated Trichosanthes seeds into a germination box for germination, with a germination period of 10 days to obtain germinated Trichosanthes seeds.

[0044] Step 4: After the soil in the nursery field has been renovated, exposed to the sun, ridged, and covered with film, the germinated Trichosanthes seeds are planted in the soil facing the sun, and watered and fertilized regularly until the seedlings break through the soil. The seedlings are transplanted to the field when they are 5 to 10 cm above the ground.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] In Example 1, Figure 1-3 As shown, the germination promotion device includes a base plate 10, a sleeve 30 located above the base plate 10, and a sprayer 60 located above the sleeve 30. The lower end of the sleeve 30 is installed in the middle of the base plate 10. The outer portion of the lower portion of the sleeve 30 is sleeved with a second rectangular tube 20. The lower end of the second rectangular tube 20 is sealed with the base plate 10. The second rectangular tube 20, the base plate 10, and the lower portion of the sleeve 30 are surrounded by an annular groove 21. The annular groove 21 is filled with magnetic balls 22. The lower portion of the sleeve 30 is provided with megasonic vibration components 50 at equal intervals along the length direction of the sleeve 30. The megasonic vibration components 50 include a fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52, a dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51, a steel wire rope 53, and a fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52 and a dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51 are fixedly mounted on the base plate. The clamp 54 on 10, the steel wire rope 53 is arranged along the width direction of the sleeve 30, the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52 and the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51 are both located outside the sleeve 30, one end of the steel wire rope 53 passes through the sleeve 30 and is fixedly connected to the vibration end of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52, and the other end of the steel wire rope 53 passes through the sleeve 30 and is fixedly connected to the vibration end of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51; on the same side of the sleeve 30, the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52 are alternately arranged; the megasonic frequency of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51 is not equal to the megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52, and the absolute value of the difference between the megasonic frequency of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52 is greater than 0.13 MHz.

[0047] The first rectangular tube 31 and the second rectangular tube 20 are both provided with a second through hole for the steel wire rope 53 to pass through.

[0048] The sleeve 30 includes a first rectangular tube 31 and a rectangular cone-shaped cone tube 32 located above the first rectangular tube 31 . The lower end of the cone tube 32 is connected to the upper end of the first rectangular tube 31 as a whole.

[0049] A square cone is a special case of a rectangular cone. A rectangular cone is a frustum structure surrounded by four isosceles trapezoids, and any cross section of the structure is a rectangular frame.

[0050] The cone angle obtained by the longitudinal section of the cone cylinder 32 is γ, 5°≤γ≤10°.

[0051] A first through hole communicating with the lower end of the first rectangular tube 31 is disposed at the center of the bottom plate 10 , and a sealing plate 11 is disposed at the first through hole.

[0052] The sealing plate 11 includes a plate body 111 , a plurality of equilateral triangle-shaped meshes 112 are arranged in the middle of the plate body 111 , one side of the plate body 111 is hinged to the bottom plate 10 , and the other side of the plate body 111 is connected to the bottom plate 10 via a lock.

[0053] The soaked Trichosanthes seeds, plant ash and water are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:(1-1.5):(1.5-2) to obtain plant ash mixed Trichosanthes seeds; most preferably, the mass ratio of the soaked Trichosanthes seeds, plant ash and water is 10:1:2. The plant ash mixed Trichosanthes seeds are poured into the sleeve 30, and the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 are started. At the same time, the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is sprayed into the sleeve 30 through the sprayer 60 to promote germination;

[0054] The megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz; the volume of the plant ash mixed with the Trichosanthes seeds in the sleeve 30 is V 1 , the volume of the sleeve 30 is V 0 ,

[0055] When 0<V 1 / V 0 ≤0.37, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 1.25 MHz; such as group A1: V 1 / V 0 =0.37, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 1.25 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0056] When 0.37<V 1 / V 0 ≤0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.65 MHz; such as group A2: V 1 / V 0 =0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.65 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0057] When 0.71<V 1 / V 0 ≤0.93, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.74 MHz; such as group A3: V 1 / V 0=0.93, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.74 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0058] When 0.93<V 1 / V 0 ≤1, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 1.88 MHz; such as group A4: V 1 / V 0 =1, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 1.88 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0059] The mass fraction of the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is 1.3%, and the duration of the germination promotion operation is 60 to 70 minutes. The flow rate sprayed by the sprayer 60 into the sleeve 30 is equal to the outflow rate at all mesh holes 112. That is to say, if the liquid flowing out from the mesh holes 112 is 5L per minute, then the resistant dextrin aqueous solution that needs to be sprayed into the sleeve 30 through the sprayer 60 must also be 5L.

[0060] The side length of the mesh 112 is 1 to 3 mm.

[0061] In the present invention, a steel wire rope 53 is used between the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 to allow megasonic waves of two different frequency bands to be superimposed and compounded into a composite sound wave, thereby prompting the Trichosanthes seeds to break the dormancy period and promote the Trichosanthes seeds to germinate early.

[0062] In other embodiments of the present invention, when V 1 / V 0 When ≤0.22, it is equivalent to that the layer of wood ash mixed with Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds in the sleeve 30 is very thin, and it does not need to set the magnetic ball 22, and the germination rate can reach more than 92%, and the seed kernel cracking rate is less than 2%.

[0063] In other embodiments of the present invention, when there are more wood ash mixed with Trichosanthes seeds in the sleeve 30, the magnetic balls 22 must be used. Under the transmission of megasonic vibration, the two adjacent magnetic balls 22 may have repulsive magnetic forces or repulsive magnetic forces, so that a certain degree of collision can be generated between the magnetic balls 22 and between the magnetic balls 22 and the second rectangular tube 20. The collision is mainly to avoid long-term water accumulation in some areas of the sleeve 30. Under the action of vibration, the water in the sleeve 30 can flow smoothly from top to bottom and finally flow out from the mesh 112. The mesh 112 must be an equilateral triangle, which not only has a stable structure (relative to a circle or a regular hexagon), but also has a certain retention capacity for a resistant dextrin aqueous solution with a certain viscosity, thereby maintaining the moisture content of the wood ash mixed with the Trichosanthes seeds in the sleeve 30 at around 18%, avoiding the situation where the moisture content in the upper part is too high (such as 30%) and the moisture content in the lower part is too low (such as 10%). If it is a circular hole or a regular hexagonal hole, it is easy to cause a large difference in moisture between the upper and lower layers.

[0064] If the lower end of the sleeve 30 is closed, as the vibration time increases, the closer the sleeve 30 is to the bottom, the more liquid accumulates. With the help of water as a medium, the germination rate of the Trichosanthes seeds at the bottom will still exceed 92%, but the germination rate of the Trichosanthes seeds close to the upper layer will be lower than 81%, especially the thicker the thickness of the Trichosanthes seeds layer accumulated in the sleeve 30, the lower the germination rate of the Trichosanthes seeds closer to the upper layer, because the damage of the seed coat is different. However, it should be noted that the cracking rate of the seed kernels of the upper and lower layers of the Trichosanthes seeds is less than 2%, indicating that under the dual-band megasonic composite sound wave, the damage to the seed kernels of the Trichosanthes seeds is very low.

[0065] In the present invention, the cone 32 must be provided, and the cone 32 cannot be replaced by a cylinder, because there is megasonic vibration below the sleeve 30, and a design with a certain taper can achieve a similar "gathering" effect, thereby ensuring that the upper layer of the Trichosanthes seeds can also receive sufficient sound wave stimulation. However, if the taper is too large, it is easy to cause the seed kernel cracking rate of the Trichosanthes seeds at the lower layer to be too large, while the seed kernel cracking rate of the Trichosanthes seeds at the upper layer remains basically unchanged.

[0066] Under the dual-band megasonic composite sound waves, the wood ash can fill the gaps between the seeds and also remain moist, thereby effectively enhancing the germination-promoting effect of the dual-band megasonic composite sound waves on the Trichosanthes seeds.

[0067] 《Performance Characterization Test》

[0068] 1. Germination rate. Randomly sample, pick out the germinated and ungerminated Trichosanthes seeds from the sample, and count them; germination rate = total number of germinated Trichosanthes seeds / sum of the total number of germinated Trichosanthes seeds and ungerminated Trichosanthes seeds; sample 20 times and take the average.

[0069] 2. Seed kernel cracking rate. Randomly sample the germination-promoting Trichosanthes seeds, wash, dry, peel off the epidermis, and use a magnifying glass to observe whether the seed kernel is cracked. Seed kernel cracking rate = total number of Trichosanthes seeds with cracked kernels / total number of samples; take samples 20 times and take the maximum value; calculate the variance value, which is the cracking variance value, which can characterize the uniformity of the distribution of Trichosanthes seeds with cracked kernels in large-scale Trichosanthes seeds. If the cracking variance value is larger, it means that it is not an individual phenomenon, but a large area of ​​Trichosanthes seeds in some areas are damaged by sound waves, which affects the germination of Trichosanthes seeds, the survival rate of seedlings, etc.; because if the internal tissue of some seeds is less damaged, they can still germinate, but the seeds after germination may grow weakly and the survival rate may decrease in the later stage.

[0070] Group A201: V 1 / V 0 =0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 1.25 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0071] Group A202: V 1 / V 0 =0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.96 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0072] Group A203: V 1 / V 0 =0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.86 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0073] Group A204: V 1 / V 0 =0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.74 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0074] Group A101: V 1 / V 0 =0.37, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 is 0.96 MHz, and the megasonic frequency of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 is 0.96 MHz.

[0075] Group A31: In this group, the steel wire rope 53 is replaced by an iron rod of the same thickness, and the rest remains unchanged, which is the same as group A3.

[0076] Group A32: In this group, the steel wire rope 53 is replaced by a nylon rope of the same thickness, and the rest remains unchanged, which is the same as group A3.

[0077] Group A5: In this group, the only difference from Group A1 is that Trichosanthes seeds are replaced with sunflower seeds, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0078] Group A61: This group is different from Group A3 only in that ultrasonic transducers are used to completely replace the dynamic frequency megasonic transducers 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducers 52, and all ultrasonic frequencies are 20 kHz, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0079] Group A62: In this group, the only difference from Group A3 is that ultrasonic transducers are used to completely replace the dynamic frequency megasonic transducers 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducers 52, all ultrasonic frequencies are 50 kHz, and the rest remain unchanged.

[0080] Group A63: This group was different from Group A3 only in that wood ash mixed with Trichosanthes seeds were poured into the ultrasonic cleaning tank, and the ultrasonic frequency was 20 kHz. The rest remained unchanged.

[0081] Group A64: In this group, the only difference from Group A3 is that no steel wire rope 53 is installed between the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52, and the vibration ends of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 are both installed on the bottom plate 10, such as Figure 4 As shown, the rest remain unchanged.

[0082] Group A65: In this group, the only difference from Group A3 is that no steel wire rope 53 is installed between the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52, and the vibration ends of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 are installed below the sealing plate 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the rest remain unchanged.

[0083] Group A71: This group differs from Group A1 only in that the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is replaced with a sucrose aqueous solution of the same viscosity, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0084] Group A72: This group differs from Group A1 only in that the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is replaced with water, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0085] Group A73: This group differs from Group A1 only in that the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is replaced by a β-cyclodextrin aqueous solution of the same viscosity, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0086] The results of the above tests are shown in Table 1:

[0087] Table 1

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] As shown in Table 1, the germination rate of Trichosanthes seeds is greater than 92%, the kernel cracking rate is less than 2%, and the cracking variance value is less than 2. For large-scale sowing and seedling raising of Trichosanthes, the seedling raising cycle is short, the germination rate is high, and the survival rate of the Trichosanthes seedlings after raising the seedlings is high, and the proportion of weak Trichosanthes seedlings is low.

[0091] It can be seen from Table 1 that when the megasonic frequencies of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 are the same, after being transmitted and coupled by the steel wire rope 53, sound waves that cause great damage to the seed kernels are easily generated, thereby causing the seed kernel cracking rate and cracking variance to be too large.

[0092] If the absolute value of the difference between the megasonic frequencies of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer 52 is less than 0.13 MHz, that is, the frequencies of the two are relatively close, it will also cause certain damage to the seed kernel.

[0093] Because the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 are both located at the bottom of the sleeve 30, they only rely on the medium formed by wood ash and resistant dextrin aqueous solution to transmit megasonic vibrations, and the wood ash mixed with Trichosanthes seeds are piled up in large quantities in the sleeve 30, and the height of the sleeve 30 is more than ten times or twenty times the outer diameter of the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 / dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the frequency corresponding to the composite sound wave of the dual-band megasonic according to the actual content of the wood ash mixed with Trichosanthes seeds in the sleeve 30, so as to meet various needs.

[0094] Compared with the rigid iron rod and the non-rigid nylon rope, the steel wire rope 53 can well superimpose two megasonic waves of different frequencies to form a dual-band megasonic composite sound wave suitable for Trichosanthes seeds.

[0095] For a large number of piled Trichosanthes seeds, germination is promoted only under ultrasonic environment. The thicker the pile, the more likely some Trichosanthes seeds will crack due to the strong cavitation effect of ultrasound, and the distribution is uneven, and the corresponding cracking variance value is abnormally large.

[0096] If the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 are directly installed at the bottom of the groove, and no wire rope 53 is installed between the two for transition, because the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer 51 and the fixed frequency megasonic transducer 52 have different frequencies, there is a certain distance between other nearby dynamic frequency megasonic transducers 51 and fixed frequency megasonic transducers 52 and the two, which will lead to the formation of relatively independent megasonic fields, and the degree of coordination between adjacent megasonic fields is poor, and the effect of promoting the germination of Trichosanthes seeds is limited. At the same time, the overlapping areas between adjacent megasonic fields can easily lead to a large number of cracks in the seed kernels.

[0097] The resistant dextrin aqueous solution is sprayed into the wood ash mixed with Trichosanthes seeds. The viscosity and water storage capacity of the medium formed by the resistant dextrin aqueous solution and the wood ash must meet certain requirements so that it can better transmit megasonic vibrations in the megasonic field and minimize the impact of cavitation.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, after screening, removing impurities and disinfecting the Trichosanthes seeds, soaking them in clean water; Step 2, mixing the soaked Trichosanthes seeds with plant ash and water, pouring into a germination promotion device to promote germination, and obtaining promoted germination Trichosanthes seeds after completion; Step 3, sending the promoted germination Trichosanthes seeds into a germination box for germination, to obtain germinated Trichosanthes seeds; Step 4: After the soil in the nursery field is renovated, exposed to the sun, ridged, and covered with film, the germinated Trichosanthes seeds are planted in the soil facing the sun, watered and fertilized regularly until the seedlings break through the soil, and the seedlings are transplanted to the field when they are 5 to 10 cm above the ground; The germination promotion device comprises a bottom plate, a sleeve located above the bottom plate, and a sprayer located above the sleeve. The lower end of the sleeve is installed in the middle of the bottom plate. The outer portion of the lower portion of the sleeve is sleeved with a second rectangular tube. The lower end of the second rectangular tube is sealed and connected to the bottom plate. The second rectangular tube, the bottom plate and the lower portion of the sleeve form an annular groove, and the annular groove is filled with magnetic balls. The lower portion of the sleeve is provided with megasonic vibration components at equal intervals along the length direction of the sleeve. The megasonic vibration components comprise a fixed-frequency megasonic transducer, a dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer, a steel wire rope, and a clamp used to fix the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer and the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer on the bottom plate. The steel wire rope is arranged along the width direction of the sleeve. The fixed-frequency megasonic transducer and the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer are both located outside the sleeve. One end of the steel wire rope passes through the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the vibration end of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer, and the other end passes through the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the vibration end of the dynamic-frequency megasonic transducer. The plant ash is mixed with Trichosanthes seeds and poured into the sleeve, and the sprayer sprays the resistant dextrin aqueous solution into the sleeve; The megasonic frequency of the fixed-frequency megasonic transducer is 0.96 MHz, the volume of the wood ash mixed with the Trichosanthes seeds in the sleeve is V1, and the volume of the sleeve is V0. When 0<V1 / V0≤0.37, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 1.25MHz; When 0.37<V1 / V0≤0.71, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 0.65MHz; When 0.71<V1 / V0≤0.93, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 0.74MHz; When 0.93<V1 / V0≤1, the megasonic frequency of the dynamic frequency megasonic transducer is 1.88MHz.

2. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, soak the Trichosanthes seeds in clean water for 18 to 24 hours.

3. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve comprises a first rectangular tube and a rectangular cone-shaped cone tube located above the first rectangular tube, and the lower end of the cone tube is connected to the upper end of the first rectangular tube as a whole.

4. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cone angle obtained by the longitudinal section of the cone is γ, 5°≤γ≤10°.

5. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first through hole connected with the lower end of the first rectangular tube is arranged at the center of the bottom plate, and a sealing plate is arranged at the first through hole.

6. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing plate comprises a plate body, a plurality of equilateral triangle-shaped mesh holes are arranged in the middle of the plate body, one side of the plate body is hinged to the bottom plate, and the other side of the plate body is connected to the bottom plate through a lock.

7. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The soaked Trichosanthes seeds, wood ash and water are evenly mixed in a mass ratio of 10:(1~1.5):(1.5~2) to obtain wood ash-mixed Trichosanthes seeds.

8. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the resistant dextrin aqueous solution is 1.3%, the duration of promoting germination is 60-70 minutes, and the flow rate of the sprayer spraying into the sleeve is equal to the outflow flow rate at all mesh holes.

9. A method for raising seedlings of Trichosanthes kirilowii with high survival rate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side length of the mesh is 1~3mm.

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