A wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device and a method for using the device. The device includes a base, an eccentric rotor, an electronic control system, a water inlet, a water pump, and a bionic fish gill filtering system. When waves pass through the device, the eccentric rotor swings with the wave motion, driving the rotor of a generator in the electronic control system to rotate, thereby generating current and converting wave energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy drives the water pump to extract seawater from the water inlet and deliver it to the bionic fish gill filtering system at a certain speed. After the seawater enters the bionic fish gill filtering system, microplastic particles are ordered under the action of inertial focusing, and the microplastic particles are deposited into a collection tank under the centrifugal action at the circular tube. The filtered seawater is sequentially discharged from the water outlet of the water outlet pipe through a filter screen and a second one-way valve. The present invention utilizes the inertial focusing and centrifugal action of the bionic fish gill filtering system to efficiently separate microplastic particles in seawater and achieve seawater filtration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine environmental protection, and in particular relates to a wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics are plastic particles smaller than 5mm in diameter. These particles can originate from the decomposition of larger pieces of plastic waste or be intentionally manufactured. Microplastics not only affect the growth, survival, and reproduction of marine life but also pose a potential threat to human health through the food chain. Marine microplastic pollution has become a global marine environmental problem.

[0003] Existing methods for treating microplastics primarily include physical methods such as adsorption and filtration-precipitation; chemical methods such as ozone degradation, electrocoagulation, and ultraviolet oxidation; and biological methods such as bioreactors and biodegradation. Filtration-precipitation methods are simple to operate, less expensive, and have minimal environmental impact. However, they currently pose challenges, such as requiring processing operations far from water bodies, high transportation costs, the need for additional energy sources such as electricity, and the need for complete downtime for maintenance.

[0004] Chinese patent publication number CN116589144A discloses a multi-layer composite filter. Liquid entering the water inlet is filtered sequentially through an activated carbon layer, a graphene oxide aerogel layer, a nanofiltration membrane layer, and a silver ion-loaded activated carbon layer. However, this method is primarily used for pre-treatment of tap water and does not address the treatment of microplastics.

[0005] In terms of microplastic filtration, the Chinese patent with publication number CN115677083A introduces a water environment microplastic treatment system that can effectively filter suspended particles in the water, but does not consider the problem of energy self-supply and relies on an external power supply. At the same time, the device must be in a closed state during backflushing maintenance, which affects work efficiency. In addition, the Chinese patent with publication number CN113101722A discloses a seawater microplastic water purification collection system that can filter and collect microplastics in seawater, but it does not have a separate self-flushing structure, which makes maintenance complicated and costly. The Chinese patent with publication number CN116139840A discloses a functionalized magnetic material that enhances the adsorption of microplastics in water bodies. It can enhance the physical and chemical binding ability with microplastics, thereby strengthening its removal of microplastics in water bodies, but there are still problems such as unstable removal efficiency and large differences in the adsorption of microplastics of different particle sizes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device and its use method, which can effectively solve the problem of marine microplastic pollution.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtration device, comprising a base, an eccentric rotor, an electronic control system, a water inlet, a water pump, and a bionic fish gill filtration system; wherein:

[0009] The base is used to provide buoyancy;

[0010] There are multiple eccentric rotors, which are movably arranged around the base. The electronic control system is arranged on the base and includes a generator, the rotor of which is connected to the eccentric rotor. When waves pass through the device, the eccentric rotor swings with the movement of the waves, driving the rotor of the generator in the electronic control system to rotate, thereby generating current and converting wave energy into electrical energy.

[0011] The water inlet is arranged below the base and submerged in the seawater; a water pump is arranged on the base, the water pump inlet is connected to the water inlet through a pipe, and the water pump outlet is connected to at least one bionic fish gill filtration system; the water pump is driven by electric energy to extract seawater from the water inlet and transport it to the bionic fish gill filtration system at a certain speed;

[0012] The bionic fish gill filtration system includes a B-type structure and an outlet pipe; the B-type structure includes a second straight pipe and a circular pipe located in the lower half of the second straight pipe; the outlet pipe is connected to the upper half of the second straight pipe, and the outlet pipe and the circular pipe are respectively located on both sides of the second straight pipe; the outlet pipe is provided with a filter screen and a second one-way valve, and a collection tank is provided at the bottom of the circular pipe; after the seawater enters the bionic fish gill filtration system, the microplastic particles are ordered under the action of inertial focusing, and the microplastic particles are deposited in the collection tank under the centrifugal action at the circular pipe, and the filtered seawater is discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe through the filter screen and the second one-way valve in turn.

[0013] In the above scheme, the bionic fish gill filtration system also includes a first straight tube, the water inlet of the first straight tube is connected to the water outlet of the water pump, the water outlet of the first straight tube is connected to the water inlet of the second straight tube in the B-type structure, and the first straight tube and the B-type structure together form a 6-type structure.

[0014] In the above solution, the bionic fish gill filtration system further includes a first one-way valve, which is arranged at the water inlet of the first straight pipe.

[0015] In the above solution, the device also includes an intermediate cavity, which is provided with multiple interfaces, one of which is connected to the water outlet of the water pump, and the other interfaces are connected to each bionic fish gill filtration system; seawater enters each bionic fish gill filtration system through the intermediate cavity.

[0016] In the above solution, the bionic fish gill filtration system also includes a backflushing device, which is arranged between the filter screen of the outlet pipe and the second one-way valve, and uses backflushing water to make impurities blocked on the filter screen enter the lower space of the bionic fish gill filtration system.

[0017] In the above solution, the electronic control system further includes a gamma radiation detector, which is used to detect radioactivity.

[0018] In the above scheme, the device also includes a monitoring center; the electronic control system transmits the monitoring results of the gamma radiation detector to the monitoring center, and sends an alarm to the monitoring center when the radioactivity exceeds a set threshold.

[0019] In the above solution, the device further comprises a waterproof cover, which is covered on the base.

[0020] In the above solution, the electric control system and the water pump are located in the waterproof cover, and the pipes of the water pump inlet and the water pump outlet penetrate the base or the waterproof cover.

[0021] A method for using any one of the above-mentioned wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering devices comprises the following steps:

[0022] When waves pass through the device, the eccentric rotor swings with the movement of the waves, driving the rotor of the generator in the electronic control system to rotate, thereby generating current and converting wave energy into electrical energy;

[0023] Electric energy drives the water pump to extract seawater from the water inlet and transport it to the bionic fish gill filtration system at a certain speed;

[0024] After the seawater enters the bionic fish gill filtration system, the microplastic particles are ordered under the action of inertial focusing, and the microplastic particles are deposited into the collection tank under the centrifugal action at the circular tube. The filtered seawater passes through the filter screen and the second one-way valve of the outlet pipe in turn and is discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0026] When waves pass through the wave self-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device of the present invention, the eccentric rotor swings with the movement of the waves, driving the rotor of the generator in the electronic control system to rotate, thereby generating current and converting wave energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy then drives the water pump to extract seawater from the water inlet and transport it to the bionic fish gill filtration system at a certain speed. The seawater will order the microplastic particles under the action of the inertial focusing of the bionic fish gill filtration system, and finally deposit the microplastic particles into the collection tank under the centrifugal action at the circular tube, thereby efficiently separating the microplastic particles in the seawater. The filtered seawater is discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe through the filter screen and the second one-way valve of the outlet pipe in turn, thereby realizing the filtration of seawater.

[0027] Furthermore, the first straight tube can enhance the effect of inertial focusing and further improve the microplastic filtration effect; in addition, the impurities intercepted by the filter will enter the lower space of the bionic fish gill filtration system under the recoil action of the recoil device, which can effectively solve the clogging problem of the filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is the overall structural diagram of the wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtration device;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the bionic fish gill filtration system;

[0030] Figure 3 It is the eccentric rotor arrangement diagram;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the trajectory of microplastics in the bionic fish gill filtration system;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a diagram of water flow trajectories in the bionic fish gill filtration system.

[0033] In the figure: 1- waterproof cover, 2- water pump, 3- electronic control system, 4- eccentric rotor, 5- water inlet, 6- water outlet, 7- bionic fish gill filtration system, 71- first one-way valve, 72- second one-way valve, 73- first straight pipe, 74- second straight pipe, 75- circular pipe, 76- outlet pipe, 77- backflushing device, 8- collecting tank, 9- base, 10- filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0039] The present invention provides a wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtration and radiation monitoring device, comprising a water pump, a wave energy harvesting device, a bionic fish gill filtration system, and a radiation monitoring system. The device utilizes energy generated by a wave-to-electricity conversion mechanism to drive the bionic fish gill filtration system and radiation monitoring system, thereby treating microplastics in marine waters. Simultaneously, radiation detection equipment is used to monitor the level of nuclear contamination in marine aquaculture waters. The water pump draws seawater from the marine waters, which is then converted into electricity by the wave energy harvesting device, providing the power required for system operation. The bionic fish gill filtration system, designed to mimic the structure of fish gills and driven by wave energy, can efficiently filter microplastic particles from seawater. The bionic fish gill filtration system utilizes inertial focusing and centrifugal action to ensure the effective removal of microplastics, protecting the marine environment. The radiation monitoring system, equipped with highly sensitive radiation detection equipment, monitors the level of nuclear contamination in marine aquaculture waters in real time and transmits the results to a monitoring center via a data transmission device, ensuring water quality safety and a healthy aquaculture environment. Through the design of the present invention, wave energy is used to achieve self-power supply, and microplastic pollution in marine waters is treated in an environmentally friendly and efficient manner, and nuclear pollution is monitored in real time, providing important guarantees for marine environmental protection and marine aquaculture safety.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering and radiation monitoring device of an embodiment of the present invention uses the energy generated by the wave energy-electricity conversion mechanism to drive the operation of the bionic fish gill filtering system and the radiation monitoring system, thereby realizing the treatment of microplastics in marine waters, and at the same time monitoring the degree of nuclear pollution in marine aquaculture waters through radiation detection equipment.

[0041] The structure of the device mainly includes a waterproof cover 1, a water pump 2, an electronic control system 3, an eccentric rotor 4, a water inlet 5, a bionic fish gill filtration system 7, a water outlet 6, a collection tank 8 and a base 9. There are multiple eccentric rotors 4, which are movably arranged around the base 9. Figure 3 As shown, the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy is achieved. When waves pass through the device, the eccentric rotor 4 will swing with the movement of the waves. The movement of the rotor drives the generator rotor connected to the eccentric rotor 4 in the electronic control system 3 to rotate, generating current and converting the wave energy into electrical energy. Part of the collected electrical energy is supplied to the water pump 2, which pumps seawater into the water inlet 5. The seawater then enters the bionic fish gill filtration system 7 through a pipe, separating the microplastic particles in the water from the water. Under the action of centrifugation, they are deposited in the collection tank 8 for regular collection, and the filtered seawater is discharged from the water outlet 6.

[0042] In addition, the device also uses a gamma radiation detector located in the electronic control system 3 to detect its radioactivity. When the radioactivity detected exceeds the set threshold, the device will send an alarm to the monitoring center.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, there are one-way valves at both the inlet and outlet of the bionic fish gill filtration system. The one-way valves have the same flow direction. When the eccentric rotor 4 continuously swings up and down to power the water pump, water flows continuously at a certain speed through the one-way valves in and out of the bionic fish gill filtration system. The outlet pipe 76 on the upper layer of the bionic fish gill filtration system filters microplastics in the water through the filter screen 10. Because the filter screen 10 has the problem of clogging, it needs to be backflushed regularly, so a backflushing device 77 is provided. Due to the presence of the one-way valve, the backwash water and impurities blocked on the filter screen enter the lower space of the bionic fish gill filtration system.

[0044] The lower chamber of the bionic fish gill filtration system is a 6-shaped structure, with a first straight pipe 71 at its top. A filter screen 10 is located in the outlet pipe 76 on the right side of the top. When the upper layer backwashes, liquid flows out of the treatment unit's only outlet: outlet 6 containing filter screen 10. Impurities enter the "trap" at the bottom of the 6-shaped pipe. Due to the pipe's structure, these impurities are difficult to escape.

[0045] In this embodiment, the electronic control system 3 also includes a voltage conversion device, a power supply system, and a radiation monitoring device. The movement of the eccentric rotor 4 drives the connected generator rotor to rotate, generating current and converting wave energy into electrical energy. Radiation monitoring uses a gamma radiation detector, whose components include a NaI(Tl) scintillation crystal, a SiPM, and an amplifier. When nuclear radiation contained in the microplastics deposited in the tank is incident on the sensor located in the collection tank, the scintillator emits photons, which are detected by the SiPM, generating a charge pulse signal that is amplified and output to the signal processing circuit in the electronic control system 3. The A / D converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal and transmits the data to the core processor via the I2C interface, thereby detecting nuclear radiation exceeding a certain threshold and issuing an alarm to the monitoring center.

[0046] As another example, Figure 1 As shown, the device mainly consists of a waterproof cover 1, a water pump 2, an electronic control system 3, an eccentric rotor 4, a water inlet 5, a bionic fish gill filtration system 7, a water outlet 6, a collection tank 8, and a base 9, which can filter microplastics and monitor radiation in seawater. This self-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtration and radiation monitoring device can be used to effectively treat microplastics and monitor nuclear pollution in oceans or lakes, aiming to improve the efficiency of microplastic treatment in marine waters and the monitoring of nuclear pollution.

[0047] As the core component of the device, the eccentric rotor's wave energy-to-electricity conversion significantly impacts the power supply stability of the electronic control system. According to the operating principle of the wave energy conversion device, the eccentric rotor 4 swings under the propulsion of waves, driving the generator rotor in the electronic control system 3 to rotate, thereby generating current and supplying power.

[0048] The installation of the water pump 2 should ensure that it can stably extract seawater from the water inlet 5 and send it to the bionic fish gill filtration system 7. Figure 2 As shown, the bionic fish gill filtration system includes a b-type structure and an outlet pipe 76; the b-type structure includes a second straight pipe 74 and a circular pipe 75 located at the lower half of the second straight pipe 74; the outlet pipe 76 is connected to the upper half of the second straight pipe 74, and the outlet pipe 76 and the circular pipe 75 are respectively located on both sides of the second straight pipe 74; the outlet pipe 76 is provided with a filter screen 10 and a second one-way valve 72, and a collection tank 8 is provided at the bottom of the circular pipe; Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, after the seawater enters the bionic fish gill filtration system, the microplastic particles are ordered under the action of inertial focusing, and the microplastic particles are deposited into the collection tank 8 under the centrifugal action at the circular tube. The filtered seawater passes through the filter screen 10 and the second one-way valve 72 of the outlet pipe in turn and is discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe.

[0049] To enhance inertial focusing and facilitate vertical placement of the B-type structure, the bionic fish gill filtration system also includes a first straight tube 73 and a first one-way valve 71. After water flows through the first one-way valve 71 and into the bionic fish gills, inertial focusing organizes the microplastic particles. Centrifugal action deposits the microplastic particles into a collection tank 8 for regular cleaning. Taking advantage of the greater density of plastic particles compared to water, the first and second straight tubes 73 and 74 primarily provide inertial focusing, while the circular tube 75 primarily provides centrifugal force.

[0050] The device is also equipped with a gamma radiation detector, located in the electronic control system 3, which continuously monitors the radioactivity level in the seawater. If the detected radioactivity exceeds a set threshold, the device will send an alarm signal to the monitoring center, thus achieving real-time monitoring and early warning of nuclear contamination.

[0051] The method of using the device is as follows:

[0052] The device is installed in the ocean or lake to capture wave energy. When waves pass through the device, the eccentric rotor 4 swings with the wave motion, driving the generator rotor connected to the electronic control system 3 to rotate, generating current and converting the wave energy into electrical energy. A portion of this generated electrical energy is supplied to the water pump 2, which extracts seawater from the water inlet 5. The seawater then enters the bionic fish gill filtration system 7 through a pipe, which contains two one-way valves with the same flow direction. After passing through the first one-way valve 71, the seawater is centrifuged to remove microplastics and deposit impurities into the collection tank 8 for regular collection. The remaining seawater passes through the filter 10 and the second one-way valve 72, and is discharged from the water outlet 6. Impurities intercepted by the filter re-enter the centrifugal cycle. The remaining electrical energy drives the radioactivity sensor in the collection tank and the gamma radiation detector in the electronic control system 3 to monitor the radioactivity level in the seawater. If the detected radioactivity exceeds a set threshold, the device will send an alarm signal to the monitoring center.

[0053] This invention integrates wave energy harvesting, bionic fish gill filtration, and a radiation monitoring system to achieve an integrated solution. The wave energy harvesting device converts wave energy into electricity, providing a stable energy supply for the entire system and driving the water intake pump and filtration system. The bionic fish gill filtration system uses a complex structure that mimics fish gills and is driven by wave energy to achieve efficient microplastic filtration and protect the marine ecosystem. The radiation monitoring system uses highly sensitive radiation detection equipment to monitor the level of nuclear contamination in marine aquaculture waters in real time, ensuring the safety of aquaculture water quality.

[0054] This invention utilizes dual-process wave energy-to-electricity conversion technology. Conventional wave energy conversion devices typically use vertical or horizontal floats to capture wave energy, which can only capture and utilize wave energy in one direction. In this device, a counterweight, representing approximately 50% of the rotor's mass, is fixed to the lower portion of the eccentric rotor, creating an uneven mass distribution. This allows the rotor to fall naturally under its own gravity after being lifted by the waves, thus achieving a dual-process lift-and-fall energy utilization mechanism.

[0055] The present invention proposes a method for filtering microplastics using bionic fish gills. The bionic fish gills are composed of a straight tube + circular tube structure. Microplastics move in an orderly manner with the water flow in the straight tube under the action of inertial focusing, and are then deposited into a collection tank at the bottom of the circular tube by centrifugal force. This device uses a recoil structure to self-clean the filter screen of the bionic fish gills, and the structure of the fish gills themselves allows the recoil operation to be turned on when the device is working normally, realizing a dual-thread operation of filtration and maintenance. This design gives the bionic fish gills higher filtration efficiency and cleaning ability, and can effectively filter harmful substances such as microplastics. At the same time, the use of the recoil structure to achieve a self-cleaning function can reduce the workload of maintenance and cleaning, and improve the reliability and service life of the device.

[0056] This invention proposes an integrated microplastic pretreatment and water quality monitoring system, addressing current consumer concerns about the nuclear radiation content of seafood. By utilizing a portion of the electrical energy converted from wave energy for radiation equivalent testing, this system helps ensure the safety and stability of the pretreatment process for water resource utilization, preventing the impact of radioactive substances on water quality. Furthermore, it provides reliable water quality assurance for subsequent use.

[0057] This invention achieves the integrated functions of self-powering seawater, efficiently filtering microplastics, and monitoring nuclear contamination in real time. It boasts the advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and practicality, providing important safeguards for marine environmental protection and marine aquaculture safety. Compared to existing technologies, this invention not only effectively filters microplastics, but also provides self-powered energy and the ability to monitor nuclear contamination in real time, significantly improving the device's overall performance and application value.

[0058] In summary, the wave energy conversion device of the present invention can stably convert wave energy into electrical energy, ensuring the self-sustaining operation of the entire system. The bionic fish gill filtration system efficiently separates microplastic particles from the water and, combined with the centrifugal function, ensures the effective collection of microplastics. The radiation monitoring system provides real-time detection and alarms, ensuring effective monitoring of nuclear contamination levels in the water. Furthermore, the overall system design effectively reduces energy consumption and improves the device's operational efficiency.

[0059] It should be noted that the order of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0060] It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various steps / components described in this application can be split into more steps / components, or two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0061] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device, characterized in that: The device includes a base, an eccentric rotor, an electronic control system, a water inlet, a water pump and a bionic fish gill filtration system; wherein: The base is used to provide buoyancy; There are multiple eccentric rotors, which are movably arranged around the base. The electronic control system is arranged on the base and includes a generator, the rotor of which is connected to the eccentric rotor. When waves pass through the device, the eccentric rotor swings with the movement of the waves, driving the rotor of the generator in the electronic control system to rotate, thereby generating current and converting wave energy into electrical energy. The water inlet is arranged below the base and submerged in the seawater; a water pump is arranged on the base, the water pump inlet is connected to the water inlet through a pipe, and the water pump outlet is connected to at least one bionic fish gill filtration system; the water pump is driven by electric energy to extract seawater from the water inlet and transport it to the bionic fish gill filtration system at a certain speed; The bionic fish gill filtration system includes a B-type structure and an outlet pipe; the B-type structure includes a second straight pipe and a circular pipe located in the lower half of the second straight pipe; the outlet pipe is connected to the upper half of the second straight pipe, and the outlet pipe and the circular pipe are respectively located on both sides of the second straight pipe; the outlet pipe is provided with a filter screen and a second one-way valve, and a collection tank is provided at the bottom of the circular pipe; after the seawater enters the bionic fish gill filtration system, the microplastic particles are ordered under the action of inertial focusing, and the microplastic particles are deposited in the collection tank under the centrifugal action at the circular pipe, and the filtered seawater is discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe through the filter screen and the second one-way valve in turn.

2. The wave self-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bionic fish gill filtration system also includes a first straight pipe, the water inlet of the first straight pipe is connected to the water outlet of the water pump, the water outlet of the first straight pipe is connected to the water inlet of the second straight pipe in the B-type structure, and the first straight pipe and the B-type structure together form a 6-type structure.

3. The wave self-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bionic fish gill filtration system further comprises a first one-way valve, which is arranged at the water inlet of the first straight pipe.

4. The wave self-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes an intermediate cavity, which is provided with multiple interfaces, one of which is connected to the water outlet of the water pump, and the other interfaces are connected to each bionic fish gill filtration system; seawater enters each bionic fish gill filtration system through the intermediate cavity.

5. The wave self-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bionic fish gill filtration system also includes a backflushing device, which is arranged between the filter screen of the water outlet pipe and the second one-way valve. The backflushing water allows impurities blocked on the filter screen to enter the lower space of the bionic fish gill filtration system.

6. The wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic control system also includes a gamma radiation detector, which is used to detect radioactivity.

7. The wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The device also includes a monitoring center; the electronic control system transmits the monitoring results of the gamma radiation detector to the monitoring center and sends an alarm to the monitoring center when the radioactivity exceeds a set threshold.

8. The wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The device also includes a waterproof cover which is covered on the base.

9. The wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electric control system and the water pump are located in the waterproof cover, and the pipe of the water pump inlet and the pipe of the water pump outlet penetrate the base or the waterproof cover.

10. A method for using the wave-powered bionic fish gill microplastic filtering device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When waves pass through the filtering device, the eccentric rotor swings with the movement of the waves, driving the rotor of the generator in the electronic control system to rotate, thereby generating current and converting the wave energy into electrical energy; Electric energy drives the water pump to extract seawater from the water inlet and transport it to the bionic fish gill filtration system at a certain speed; After the seawater enters the bionic fish gill filtration system, the microplastic particles are ordered under the action of inertial focusing, and the microplastic particles are deposited into the collection tank under the centrifugal action at the circular tube. The filtered seawater passes through the filter screen and the second one-way valve of the outlet pipe in turn and is discharged from the outlet of the outlet pipe.

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