Titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of titanium-aluminum-based material processing, in particular to a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, a preparation method and application. The titanium-aluminum-based composite plate is prepared by the preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: forming an aluminum base plate; pressing the aluminum base plate and a titanium plate with a surface etching treatment to form a preformed plate, and performing sintering treatment on the preformed plate; performing die molding shaping on the preformed plate after the sintering treatment; and performing multi-pass rolling treatment on the preformed plate after the die molding shaping, so as to obtain a 0.5-1mm titanium-aluminum-based composite plate. The application is the application of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate in the production of heat exchange core plates. The titanium-aluminum-based composite plate prepared by the application has the performance advantages of light weight, high thermal conductivity and high rigidity, can be used for the production of heat exchange core plates, is used in aerospace equipment, and can solve the problems of poor thermal conductivity and low rigidity of existing heat exchangers.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of titanium-aluminum-based material processing, in particular to a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, a preparation method and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heat exchangers are often used in aerospace equipment to meet heat exchange requirements. The heat exchange core plate in the heat exchanger directly determines the heat exchange performance. The heat exchange core plate used in aerospace equipment often needs to have the advantages of lightweight, high stiffness and high thermal conductivity. However, some of the existing heat exchange core plates are made of stainless steel materials, which has the problem of poor thermal conductivity. Some of the existing heat exchange core plates are made of aluminum alloy materials, which can meet the requirement of lightweight, but the stiffness of the aluminum alloy material is low, and it is easy to deform when the heat exchange channel is formed by stamping, resulting in a decrease in the yield rate.

[0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, a preparation method and application to solve the problems of poor thermal conductivity and low stiffness of the existing heat exchange core plate. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, a preparation method and application, and the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, comprising:

[0006] Step S1, uniformly mixing metal powder, TiO2 powder and binder according to the mass percentage (79%-95%):(4.5%-20%):(0.5%-1%) to form an aluminum-based powder, and forming an aluminum-based plate by molding; the mass percentage of the metal components in the aluminum-based plate is as follows: magnesium 1.0%-1.5%, copper 0.5%-1.2%, zirconium 0.2%-0.5%, yttrium 0.2%-0.5%, titanium 0.5%-1%, and the balance of aluminum;

[0007] Step S2, pressing the aluminum-based plate and the titanium plate after surface etching treatment to form a preform plate, and sintering the preform plate;

[0008] Step S3, molding and shaping the preform plate after sintering treatment;

[0009] Step S4, performing multi-pass rolling treatment on the preform plate after molding and shaping to obtain a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate with a thickness of 0.5-1mm; wherein, before completing the last pass of rolling, the preform plate is sequentially subjected to solid solution treatment and artificial aging treatment, and then the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate with a thickness of 0.5-1mm is obtained by flattening through the last pass of rolling.

[0010] Optionally, in step S1, aluminum powder is included in the metal powder; the particle size of the aluminum powder is 20-50 microns.

[0011] Optionally, the particle size of the TiO2 powder is 0.5-2 microns.

[0012] Optionally, in step S2, the surface etching treatment includes adding nitric acid and ferric chloride to an ammonium hydrogen fluoride solution, mixing to form an etching solution, immersing the titanium plate in the etching solution, and etching the surface of the titanium plate for 30-60 s at an etching temperature of 40-50°C; the titanium plate after the surface etching treatment is cleaned and dried.

[0013] Optionally, the concentration of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride solution is 10-20 g / L; the concentration of the nitric acid is 20-50 g / L; the concentration of the ferric chloride is 5-10 g / L; the titanium plate is a TC4 titanium plate with a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0014] Optionally, in step S2, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment is 500-680°C, and the sintering time is 2-4 h.

[0015] Optionally, in step S3, the mold pressing pressure used in the mold pressing shaping is 150-200 MPa, and the mold pressing temperature is 500-580°C.

[0016] Optionally, in step S4, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment is 450-550°C, and the reduction of each pass is 5-10 mm; the solid solution temperature used in the solid solution treatment is 465-495°C, and the solid solution time is 2-5 h; the treatment temperature used in the artificial aging treatment is 170-190°C, and the treatment time is 5-12 h.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate prepared by the preparation method of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, and the application of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate in manufacturing a heat exchange core plate.

[0019] The technical solution of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The application provides a preparation method of a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, and the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate prepared by the method has the performance advantages of light weight, high thermal conductivity and high rigidity, can be used for manufacturing a heat exchange core plate, can be used in aerospace equipment, and can solve the problems of poor thermal conductivity and low rigidity of existing heat exchangers. Specifically, the mass percentage of metal components in the aluminum base plate obtained in step S1 is as follows: magnesium 1.0-1.5%, copper 0.5%-1.2%, zirconium 0.2%-0.5%, yttrium 0.2%-0.5%, titanium 0.5%-1%, and the balance of aluminum; the aluminum base plate composed of the metal powder and the TiO2 powder can improve the rigidity and strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate; the titanium plate is subjected to surface etching treatment in step S2, which facilitates the formation of micro-nano holes on the surface of the titanium plate, which not only increases the surface area of the titanium plate, but also provides multiple pressing embedding points for the pressing of the titanium plate and the aluminum base plate, greatly enhancing the firmness of the titanium plate and the aluminum base plate pressed to form a preform plate; in addition, the titanium plate and the aluminum base plate are used in combination, which facilitates the development of the ductility of titanium alloy, the high rigidity and light weight of aluminum-based composite material, and the better corrosion resistance of titanium, so that the light weight of aluminum alloy, the high rigidity and high elastic modulus of aluminum-based composite material, and the corrosion resistance and good impact toughness of titanium alloy can be applied. The preform plate is subjected to sintering treatment in step S2, which facilitates the improvement of the toughness of the preform plate and the reduction of the brittleness of the preform plate, and prepares for the subsequent rolling and thinning of the preform plate; in addition, in the sintering treatment, aluminum reduces TiO2 to form titanium and new reinforcing phase Al2O3, both of which enter the matrix to facilitate subsequent solid solution strengthening and improve the rigidity of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate; the preform plate is subjected to die shaping in step S3; the intermetallic bonding in the preform plate is facilitated by the multi-pass rolling treatment in step S4, and the rigidity of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate is improved; before the last pass of rolling is completed, the preform plate is sequentially subjected to solid solution treatment and artificial aging treatment, wherein the solid solution treatment facilitates the diffusion of metal elements at the grain boundary into the matrix to achieve solid solution strengthening; the artificial aging treatment facilitates the precipitation of the second phase, so that the pinning effect is formed between the grain interior and the grain boundary, and the rigidity of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate is further improved; the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate is subjected to multi-pass rolling treatment in step S4, which also facilitates the thinning of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate to a thickness of 0.5-1 mm, and meets the light weight requirement.

[0021] (2) The titanium-aluminum-based composite plate is subjected to multi-pass rolling treatment in step S4, and the rolling temperature is controlled to be 450-550 DEG C, so as to soften the preformed plate and improve the rolling precision; the problems of oxidation of the aluminum alloy, overburning of the metal components, sticking of the roller and waste of energy caused by too high rolling temperature are avoided; in addition, the problem of cracking of the preformed plate caused by too low rolling temperature is avoided. In step S4, the reduction of each pass of the rolling treatment is controlled to be 5-10 mm, so as to ensure the rolling precision and avoid problems such as rolling deformation and cracking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] A preparation method of a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate comprises the following steps:

[0025] In step S1, metal powder, TiO2 powder and a binder are uniformly mixed in a mass percentage of 79:20:1 to form an aluminum-based powder, and the aluminum-based powder is formed into an aluminum-based plate by molding; the mass percentage of the metal components in the aluminum-based plate is as follows: magnesium 1.2%, copper 1.0%, zirconium 0.5%, yttrium 0.5%, titanium 0.6% and aluminum 96.2%.

[0026] In step S2, the aluminum-based plate is pressed with a titanium plate subjected to surface etching treatment to form a preformed plate, and the pressure used in the pressing is 200 MPa; the preformed plate is subjected to sintering treatment.

[0027] In step S3, the preformed plate subjected to the sintering treatment is subjected to molding and shaping.

[0028] In step S4, the preformed plate subjected to the molding and shaping is subjected to multi-pass rolling treatment to obtain a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm; wherein, before the last pass of rolling is completed, the preformed plate is sequentially subjected to solid solution treatment and artificial aging treatment, and then the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm is obtained by the last pass of rolling.

[0029] In step S1, aluminum powder is included in the metal powder; the particle size of the aluminum powder is 20-50 microns; the particle size of the TiO2 powder is 0.5-2 microns.

[0030] In step S2, the surface etching treatment comprises adding nitric acid and ferric chloride into the ammonium hydrogen fluoride solution, mixing to form an etching solution, and then immersing the titanium plate into the etching solution for 30 s of surface etching treatment at an etching temperature of 45°C; and then cleaning and drying the titanium plate after the surface etching treatment.

[0031] The concentration of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride solution is 15 g / L; the concentration of the nitric acid is 30 g / L; the concentration of the ferric chloride is 8 g / L; and the titanium plate is a TC4 titanium plate with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0032] In step S2, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment is 600°C, and the sintering time is 2 h.

[0033] In step S3, the die pressing pressure used in the die pressing shaping is 160 MPa, and the die pressing temperature is 580°C.

[0034] In step S4, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment is 500°C, and the reduction of each pass is 8 mm; the solid solution temperature used in the solid solution treatment is 485°C, and the solid solution time is 5 h; and the treatment temperature used in the artificial aging treatment is 180°C, and the treatment time is 10 h.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] Different from example 1, the mass percentages of the metal components in the aluminum substrate are as follows: magnesium 1.0%, copper 0.5%, zirconium 0.2%, yttrium 0.2%, titanium 0.5%, and aluminum 97.6%.

[0037] Example 3:

[0038] Different from example 1, the mass percentages of the metal components in the aluminum substrate are as follows: magnesium 1.5%, copper 1.2%, zirconium 0.5%, yttrium 0.5%, titanium 1%, and aluminum 95.3%.

[0039] Example 4:

[0040] Different from example 1, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment is 500°C.

[0041] Example 5:

[0042] Different from example 1, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment is 680°C.

[0043] Example 6:

[0044] Different from example 1, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment is 450°C.

[0045] Example 7:

[0046] Different from Example 1, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment was 550℃.

[0047] Comparative Example 1:

[0048] Different from Example 1, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment was 450℃.

[0049] Comparative Example 2:

[0050] Different from Example 1, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment was 780℃.

[0051] Comparative Example 3:

[0052] Different from Example 1, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment was 400℃.

[0053] Comparative Example 4:

[0054] Different from Example 1, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment was 600℃.

[0055] Comparative Example 5:

[0056] Different from Example 1, the surface etching treatment was cancelled for the titanium plate.

[0057] Comparative Example 6:

[0058] Different from Example 1, the metal powder was replaced by common pure aluminum powder.

[0059] The titanium-aluminum based composite plates prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were sampled respectively for elastic modulus test, thermal conductivity test and thermal expansion coefficient test. The test results are shown in Table 1. The elastic modulus test method used the test standard GB / T 22315-2008: specifically, static tension test was used to determine the deformation and stress of the material, and the elastic modulus was calculated according to Hooke's law based on the relationship between stress and strain. The thermal conductivity test method used the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C518 standard, and the test equipment was YBF-3 tester. The thermal expansion coefficient test method used the test standard GB / T 4339 as follows: specifically, the direct measurement method was used to directly measure the expansion rate and then convert it into the thermal expansion coefficient, and the temperature was 25-300℃. The tensile strength test method used GBT228.1-2010, Metal Materials Tensile Test Part 1: Room Temperature Test Method.

[0060] Table 1 Performance data of titanium-aluminum based composite plates

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that:

[0064] In Example 1, the moderate amount of metal components used on the aluminum substrate can improve the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate; in Example 2, the lower amount of metal components used on the aluminum substrate slightly reduces the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate; in Example 3, the higher amount of metal components used on the aluminum substrate slightly reduces the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, because the use of more metal components can cause grain boundary enrichment, which in turn reduces the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate;

[0065] From the comparison of Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the use of too low a sintering temperature causes insufficient diffusion sintering of the alloy elements in the preformed plate, and the use of too high a sintering temperature causes the alloy particles in the preformed plate to be coarse, which both reduce the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate;

[0066] From the comparison of Examples 6-7 and Comparative Examples 3-4, it can be seen that the use of too low a rolling temperature can cause the metal alloy material in the preformed plate to not be completely softened, resulting in deformation resistance, which causes the surface of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate to have defects such as peeling, which in turn affects the performance and reduces the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate; the use of too high a rolling temperature can cause the alloy structure in the preformed plate to be softened and the particles to grow, which in turn reduces the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate;

[0067] From the comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that the surface etching treatment of the titanium plate facilitates the formation of micro-nano holes on the surface of the titanium plate, which not only increases the surface area of the titanium plate but also provides multiple pressing embedding points for the pressing of the titanium plate and the aluminum substrate to form the preformed plate, greatly enhancing the firmness of the pressing of the titanium plate and the aluminum substrate to form the preformed plate, which in turn improves the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate;

[0068] From the comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that the use of the specific metal components in Example 1 can improve the stiffness and strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, i.e., the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate;

[0069] For the thermal conductivity, in Example 3, the use of a higher amount of metal components on the aluminum substrate reduces the thermal conductivity, mainly because the crystal lattice distortion and enrichment of the metal components in the system cause the thermal conductivity to decrease;

[0070] For the thermal expansion coefficient, in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-5, the same amount of TiO2 powder is used, which can improve the stiffness and strength of the titanium-aluminum-based composite plate, making the thermal expansion coefficient have no significant difference.

[0071] The above merely provides the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles and technical scope of the present application shall fall into the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a titanium-aluminum based composite plate, characterized in that: include: Step S1, mixing metal powder, TiO2 powder and a binder in the mass percentages of (79%-95%): (4.5%-20%): (0.5%-1%) to form an aluminum-based powder, and molding to form an aluminum substrate; the mass percentages of the metal components in the aluminum substrate are as follows: magnesium 1.0%-1.5%, copper 0.5%-1.2%, zirconium 0.2%-0.5%, yttrium 0.2%-0.5%, titanium 0.5%-1% and the balance aluminum; Step S2: pressing the aluminum substrate and the titanium plate after surface etching to form a prefabricated plate, and sintering the prefabricated plate; Step S3, molding and shaping the prefabricated board after sintering; Step S4: performing multiple rolling processes on the prefabricated plate after mold shaping to obtain a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm; wherein, before completing the last rolling process, the prefabricated plate is subjected to a solution treatment and an artificial aging treatment in sequence, and then, the prefabricated plate is flattened by the last rolling process to obtain a titanium-aluminum-based composite plate with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm; In step S1, the metal powder includes aluminum powder; the particle size of the aluminum powder is 20-50 microns; The particle size of the TiO2 powder is 0.5-2 microns; In step S2, the surface etching treatment includes adding nitric acid and ferric chloride to an ammonium bifluoride solution, mixing to form an etching solution, then immersing the titanium plate in the etching solution, and etching the surface of the titanium plate for 30-60 seconds at an etching temperature of 40-50° C.; and cleaning and drying the titanium plate after the surface etching treatment. The concentration of the ammonium bifluoride solution is 10-20 g / L; the concentration of the nitric acid is 20-50 g / L; the concentration of the ferric chloride is 5-10 g / L; the titanium plate is a TC4 titanium plate with a thickness of 0.1-0.5 mm; In step S2, the sintering temperature used in the sintering treatment is 500-680°C and the sintering time is 2-4 hours; In step S4, the rolling temperature used in the rolling treatment is 450-550°C, and the reduction used in each rolling treatment is 5-10mm; the solution temperature used in the solution treatment is 465-495°C, and the solution time is 2-5h; the treatment temperature used in the artificial aging treatment is 170-190°C, and the treatment time is 5-12h.

2. The method for preparing the titanium-aluminum based composite plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the molding pressure used in the molding is 150-200 MPa and the molding temperature is 500-580°C.

3. A titanium-aluminum based composite plate, characterized in that: The titanium-aluminum-based composite plate is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 2.

4. An application of a titanium-aluminum based composite plate, characterized in that: The titanium-aluminum-based composite plate material as claimed in claim 3 is used to manufacture a heat exchange core plate.

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