A superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for fan blades, preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to an anti-icing coating, and discloses a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade, a preparation method and an application thereof. The superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade comprises, by mass percentage: 30-70% of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 5-20% of modified nanoparticles, 20-60% of hydroxyl acrylic resin, 1.5-5% of additives, and the balance being solvent; the coating formed by the superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade obtained in the present invention has a large contact angle, a small rolling angle and good weather resistance; the fluorine-containing structure greatly reduces the surface energy of the fan blade, and the rough nano-surface structure forms an air cushion, which can inhibit the formation of ice layers and effectively reduce the ice layer adhesion force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of functional coatings, and particularly relates to a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Open-air equipment in high-altitude and high-latitude regions, such as wind turbines, often face the problem of icing during winter operation. Blade icing seriously affects the safe operation of wind power equipment. Currently, anti-icing technologies can be mainly divided into two categories, namely active and passive. Active methods include heating de-icing and mechanical de-icing. This way requires additional energy input, and there are problems of excessive energy consumption, low efficiency and inconvenient operation. Passive methods use the physical properties of the blade surface to exclude or prevent icing. For example, using a coating for anti-icing. This way has low cost, does not require special protection facilities, and the blades are easy to maintain. However, there are technologies in the art to improve the coating performance through nanoparticles, but in the prior art, the binding force between the nanoparticles and the matrix is weak, the nanoparticles are easy to fall off, and their hydrophobic performance is poor.

[0003] For example, "An anti-icing coating and its preparation method" disclosed in the publication number CN102585635A includes a hydroxyl-containing main resin, a curing agent, a hydrophobic modified nano-silica sol, pigments and fillers, additives and solvents. The obtained coating has a low water contact angle and does not have superhydrophobic performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, a preparation method and an application thereof aiming at the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, comprising by mass percentage:

[0006] 30-70% of benzyl chloride fluorinated acrylic resin, 5-20% of modified nanoparticles, 20-60% of hydroxyl acrylic resin, 1.5-5% of additives, and the balance is solvent.

[0007] Further, the nanoparticles are one or two or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and aluminum oxide mixed in any proportion; the modified nanoparticles are nanoparticles grafted with fluorine-containing groups and amino groups on the surface.

[0008] Further, the additives are a dispersant and an antifoaming agent; the contents of the dispersant and the antifoaming agent in the coating are 1-3% of the dispersant and 0.5-2% of the antifoaming agent by mass percentage, respectively.

[0009] Further, the structure of the benzyl chloride fluorinated acrylic resin is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, R1 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group and an ethyl group, R2 is an alkyl group with 18 or fewer carbon atoms, and R f is a fluoroalkyl group, and m and n are positive integers.

[0012] Furthermore, the structure of the hydroxy acrylic resin is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, m and n are positive integers, R3 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group and an ethyl group, R4 is an alkyl group with 18 or fewer carbon atoms, and R5 is an alkyl group with 6 or fewer carbon atoms.

[0015] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating includes the following steps:

[0016] Add the benzyl chloride-containing fluoroacrylic resin, modified nanoparticles, and additives into a solvent; after fully stirring and dispersing, add the hydroxy acrylic resin and continue to stir and disperse evenly to obtain the required superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation process of the benzyl chloride-containing fluoroacrylic resin is as follows:

[0018] Add the fluoroacrylic resin, chloromethylation reagent, and catalyst into a solvent, and react at 20 - 80 °C for 1 - 12 h; after removing the solvent and washing, the required benzyl chloride-containing fluoroacrylic resin can be obtained.

[0019] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified nanoparticles is as follows:

[0020] Add the nanoparticles and fluoroalkylsilane coupling agent into a solvent, adjust the pH, and perform ultrasonic dispersion;

[0021] After reacting at 60 °C for 5 - 24 h, add the aminosilane coupling agent and react at this temperature for 5 - 24 h; after filtering and drying, the required modified nanoparticles can be obtained.

[0022] Furthermore, the chloromethylation reagent is one of trimethylchlorosilane - paraformaldehyde, hydrogen chloride - paraformaldehyde, chloromethyl alkyl ether, and chloromethyltrimethylsilane;

[0023] The catalyst is one of tin tetrachloride, aluminum trichloride, and zinc chloride, or a mixture of two or more of them in any proportion;

[0024] The fluoroalkylsilane coupling agent is one of tridecafluorooctyltrimethylsilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane, or a mixture of two or more of them in any proportion;

[0025] The amino silane coupling agent is one or two or more of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, which are mixed in any proportion.

[0026] An application of a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade, wherein the coating is prepared for a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating on the fan blade.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) The present invention uses benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin. The chlorine atom in the benzyl chloride group has high activity and undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction with the amino group on the modified nanoparticles to form a C-N bond, enhancing the binding force between the nanoparticles and the resin and improving the adhesion of the nanoparticles.

[0029] (2) The present invention uses benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, and the chlorine atom therein can also react with the hydroxyl group in the hydroxyl acrylic resin to achieve crosslinking and curing, avoiding the use of additional curing agents, thereby reducing the overall cost of the coating.

[0030] (3) The coating formed by the superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade obtained in the present invention has a large contact angle, a small rolling angle and good weather resistance; the fluorine-containing structure greatly reduces the surface energy of the fan blade, and the rough nano-surface structure forms an air cushion, which can inhibit the formation of ice layers and effectively reduce the adhesion of the ice layers.

[0031] (4) The preparation method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, which is conducive to industrial production. Specific embodiments

[0032] The following further illustrates the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] A superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade includes, by mass percentage:

[0034] 30-70% of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 5-20% of modified nanoparticles, 20-60% of hydroxyl acrylic resin, 1.5-5% of additives, and the balance is solvent.

[0035] The nanoparticles are composed of one or two or more of silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and aluminum oxide mixed in any proportion; the modified nanoparticles are nanoparticles with fluorine-containing groups and amino groups grafted on the surface. The additives are a dispersant and an antifoaming agent; the contents of the dispersant and the antifoaming agent in the coating are 1-3% and 0.5-2% by mass percentage, respectively. The dispersant can be BYK-163, BYK-9076, AG-54, and AG-500. The antifoaming agent can be BYK-A530, BYK-1790, RKZ6001, and RKZ6008.

[0036] The addition amount of the solvent is 5-20% by mass percentage in the coating; the solvent is one or more of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethanol, xylene, and cyclohexanone.

[0037] The structure of the benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, R1 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an ethyl group, R2 is an alkyl group with 18 or fewer carbon atoms, R f is a fluoroalkyl group, and m and n are positive integers.

[0040] The structure of the hydroxy acrylic resin is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, m and n are positive integers, R3 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an ethyl group, R4 is an alkyl group with 18 or fewer carbon atoms, and R5 is an alkyl group with 6 or fewer carbon atoms.

[0043] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating includes the following steps:

[0044] Add the benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, modified nanoparticles, and additives into the solvent; after fully stirring and dispersing, add the hydroxy acrylic resin, and continue to stir and disperse evenly to obtain the required superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0045] The preparation process of the benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as follows:

[0046] Add the fluorinated acrylic resin, chloromethylation reagent, and catalyst into the solvent, and react at 20-80°C for 1-12 h; after removing the solvent, wash it to obtain the required benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin. The addition amounts of the chloromethylation reagent and the catalyst are added according to the actual situation.

[0047] The preparation method of the modified nanoparticles is as follows:

[0048] Add nanoparticles and fluorosilane coupling agent into a solvent, add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4 - 5, and perform ultrasonic dispersion;

[0049] React for 5 - 24 h at 60 °C, then add amino silane coupling agent and react for another 5 - 24 h at this temperature; after filtration and drying, the required modified nanoparticles can be obtained. The addition amounts of the fluorosilane coupling agent and the amino silane coupling agent are added according to the actual situation.

[0050] The chloromethylation reagent is one of trimethylchlorosilane - paraformaldehyde, hydrogen chloride - paraformaldehyde, chloromethyl alkyl ether, and chloromethyltrimethylsilane;

[0051] The catalyst is one of tin tetrachloride, aluminum trichloride, and zinc chloride, or a mixture of two or more of them in any proportion;

[0052] The fluorosilane coupling agent is one of tridecafluorooctyltrimethylsilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane, or a mixture of two or more of them in any proportion;

[0053] The amino silane coupling agent is one of 3 - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3 - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3 - aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3 - aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and N-(2 - aminoethyl)-3 - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, or a mixture of two or more of them in any proportion.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti - icing fan blade coating, comprising the following steps:

[0056] First, prepare benzyl - chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin:

[0057] Add 50 g of fluorinated acrylic resin (Anhui Zhongen Chemical Co., Ltd.), 21.7 g of trimethylchlorosilane, 6 g of paraformaldehyde, 13.1 g of tin tetrachloride, and 200 mL of chloroform solvent into a round - bottom flask, and stir evenly;

[0058] Stir and react at 50 °C for 6 hours. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to distill off chloroform under reduced pressure. The obtained product is washed 3 times with 20 mL to obtain benzyl - chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin.

[0059] Prepare modified nanoparticles:

[0060] To a round-bottom flask, add 60g of nanosilica with an average particle size of 200nm, 11.3g of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and 500mL of a 90% ethanol-water solution. Acetic acid is added dropwise to adjust the solution to pH 4. Ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 20 minutes, and the mixture is stirred at 60°C for 6 hours. Then, 11.1g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is added, and the mixture is stirred at 60°C for another 12 hours. The product is filtered and vacuum-dried at 80°C for 3 hours to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0061] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0062] Benzyl chloride fluorinated acrylic resin 46%, modified nanoparticles 9%, dispersant BYK-163 1.2%, defoamer BYK-A530 0.8%, mixed solvent 15%. The mixed solvent is a mixture of butyl acetate, ethanol and xylene.

[0063] After mixing the above components, the mixture was stirred and dispersed for 2 hours, 28% of hydroxy acrylic resin (Chenyou Paint Co., Ltd.) was added, and the mixture was stirred and dispersed for 3 hours to obtain a super-hydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] A method for preparing a super-hydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating comprises the following steps:

[0066] First, prepare the benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin:

[0067] 50 g of fluorinated acrylic resin (Anhui Zhongen Chemical Co., Ltd.), 24.5 g of chloromethyltrimethylsilane, 13.1 g of tin tetrachloride, and 200 mL of chloroform solvent were added to a round-bottom flask and stirred evenly.

[0068] The reaction was stirred at 80° C. for 1 hour. After the reaction was completed, chloroform was evaporated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator. The obtained product was washed three times with 20 mL of HCl to obtain a benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin.

[0069] Preparation of modified nanoparticles:

[0070] To a round-bottom flask, add 60g of nanosilica with an average particle size of 200nm, 11.3g of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and 500mL of a 90% ethanol-water solution. Acetic acid is added dropwise to adjust the solution to pH 4. Ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 20 minutes, and the mixture is stirred at 60°C for 5 hours. Then, 11.1g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is added, and the mixture is stirred at 60°C for another 24 hours. The product is filtered and vacuum-dried at 80°C for 3 hours to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0071] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0072] 46% benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 9% modified nanoparticles, 1.2% dispersant BYK-163, 0.8% defoamer BYK-A530, 15% mixed solvent. The mixed solvent is composed of butyl acetate, ethanol and xylene.

[0073] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 28% hydroxy acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating, comprising the following steps:

[0076] First, prepare benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin:

[0077] Add 50 g of fluorinated acrylic resin (Anhui Zhongen Chemical Co., Ltd.), 24.5 g of chloromethyltrimethylsilane, 13.1 g of stannic chloride and 200 mL of chloroform solvent to a round-bottomed flask, and stir evenly;

[0078] Stir and react at 20 °C for 12 hours. After the reaction is completed, distill off chloroform under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator. The obtained product is washed 3 times with 20 mL to obtain benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin.

[0079] Prepare modified nanoparticles:

[0080] Add 79.8 g of nano-silica with an average particle size of 100 nm, 11.3 g of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane and 500 mL of an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 90% to a round-bottomed flask. Dropwise add acetic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4, ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes, and stir and react at 60 °C for 24 hours. Then add 11.1 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and continue to stir and react at 60 °C for 5 hours. The product is filtered and vacuum dried at 80 °C for 3 hours to obtain modified nanoparticles.

[0081] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0082] 46% benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 9% modified nanoparticles, 1.2% dispersant BYK-163, 0.8% defoamer BYK-A530, 15% mixed solvent. The mixed solvent is composed of butyl acetate, ethanol and xylene.

[0083] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 28% hydroxy acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade, comprising the following steps:

[0086] The preparation method of the benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as in Example 1

[0087] Prepare modified nanoparticles:

[0088] Add 60 g of nano-silica with an average particle size of 200 nm, 9.4 g of trifluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, and 500 mL of an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 90% into a round-bottom flask. Dropwise add acetic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4, ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes, and stir and react at 60 °C for 6 hours. Then add 11.1 g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, continue to stir and react at 60 °C for 12 hours, and the product is filtered and vacuum dried at 80 °C for 3 hours to obtain the modified nanoparticles.

[0089] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0090] 46% of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 9% of modified nanoparticles, 1.2% of dispersant BYK-163, 0.8% of defoamer BYK-A530, and 15% of mixed solvent. The mixed solvent is composed of butyl acetate, ethanol, and xylene.

[0091] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 28% of hydroxyl acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for the fan blade.

[0092] Example 5

[0093] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade, comprising the following steps:

[0094] The preparation method of the benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as in Example 1

[0095] Prepare modified nanoparticles:

[0096] Add 60 g of nano-silica with an average particle size of 200 nm, 11.3 g of heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and 500 mL of an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 90% into a round-bottom flask. Dropwise add acetic acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4, ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes, and stir and react at 60 °C for 6 hours. Then add 11.1 g of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, continue to stir and react at 60 °C for 12 hours, and the product is filtered and vacuum dried at 80 °C for 3 hours to obtain the modified nanoparticles.

[0097] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0098] 46% of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 9% of modified nanoparticles, 1.2% of dispersant BYK-163, 0.8% of defoamer BYK-A530, 15% of mixed solvent. The mixed solvent is composed of butyl acetate, ethanol and xylene.

[0099] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 28% of hydroxyl acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating includes the following steps:

[0102] The preparation method of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as in Example 1

[0103] The preparation method of preparing modified nanoparticles is as in Example 1

[0104] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0105] 65% of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 5% of modified nanoparticles, 1.0% of dispersant BYK-9076, 0.5% of defoamer BYK-1790, 8.5% of solvent. The solvent is propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0106] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 20% of hydroxyl acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0107] Example 7

[0108] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating includes the following steps:

[0109] The preparation method of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as in Example 1

[0110] The preparation method of preparing modified nanoparticles is as in Example 1

[0111] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0112] 30% of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin, 20% of modified nanoparticles, 2.0% of dispersant BYK-9076, 3.0% of defoamer BYK-1790, 10% of solvent. The solvent is ethanol.

[0113] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 35% of hydroxyl acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0114] Example 8

[0115] A preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating, comprising the following steps:

[0116] The preparation method of benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin is as in Example 1

[0117] The preparation method of preparing modified nanoparticles is as in Example 1

[0118] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages:

[0119] Benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin 30%, modified nanoparticles 5%, dispersant BYK-9076 0.5%, defoamer BYK-1790 1.0%, solvent 8.5%. The solvent is cyclohexanone.

[0120] After mixing the above components, stir and disperse for 2 hours, add 55% of hydroxyl acrylic resin (Chenyou Coating Co., Ltd.), and continue to stir and disperse for 3 hours to obtain the superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

[0121] Spray the coatings obtained in Examples 1 to 8 on an epoxy resin substrate, cure at room temperature, and then conduct performance tests. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1. Test results of coating samples

[0123]

[0124] As can be seen from Table 1, the samples obtained in the examples can all achieve the superhydrophobic effect. Among them, the coatings prepared from the samples obtained in Example 1 and Example 4 can obtain a water contact angle higher than 160 degrees, have a very low ice adhesion, and possess more excellent superhydrophobic and anti-icing properties.

[0125] The coating obtained in the present invention can enhance the binding force and adhesion of nanoparticles through chemical bond connection. By the method of directly preparing benzyl chloride-containing fluorinated acrylic resin through chloromethylation reaction, the chlorine atom in the introduced benzyl chloride group has high activity, can undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction with the amino group on the modified nanoparticles to generate a C-N bond, enhance the binding force between the nanoparticles and the resin, and improve the adhesion of the nanoparticles. The chlorine atom in the introduced benzyl chloride group can also react with the hydroxyl group in the hydroxyl acrylic resin to achieve crosslinking and curing, avoiding the use of additional curing agents. The obtained coating has a large contact angle, a small rolling angle, good weather resistance, can effectively reduce the ice adhesion, and has a good anti-icing effect.

Claims

1. A superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for fan blades, characterized in that The components are as follows by mass percentage: 30-70% benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin, 5-20% modified nanoparticles, 20-60% hydroxy acrylic resin, 1.5-5% additive, and the balance is solvent; The modified nanoparticles are nanoparticles with fluorine-containing groups and amino groups grafted onto their surfaces; The structure of benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin is as follows: Among them, R1 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, and an ethyl group, R2 is an alkyl group having 18 or fewer carbon atoms, and R f is a fluoroalkyl group, and m and n are positive integers.

2. The superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade according to claim 1, wherein The nanoparticles are composed of one or two or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and aluminum oxide mixed in any proportion.

3. The superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade according to claim 1, wherein The auxiliary agents are dispersants and defoamers; the contents of the dispersants and defoamers in the coating are 1-3% by mass of the dispersant and 0.5-2% by mass of the defoamer.

4. The superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade according to claim 1, wherein The structure of the hydroxy acrylic resin is as follows: Wherein, m and n are positive integers, R3 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group and an ethyl group, R4 is an alkyl group with less than 18 carbon atoms, and R5 is an alkyl group with less than 6 carbon atoms.

5. The preparation method of the superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for the fan blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: Benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin, modified nanoparticles, and additives are added to a solvent; after being fully stirred and dispersed, hydroxyl acrylic resin is added and continued to be stirred and dispersed evenly to obtain the desired super-hydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating.

6. The preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade according to claim 5, wherein, The preparation process of the benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin is as follows: Add fluorinated acrylic resin, chloromethylation agent and catalyst into solvent and react at 20-80°C for 1-12 hours; remove the solvent and wash to obtain the desired benzyl chlorinated fluorinated acrylic resin.

7. The preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preparation method of the modified nanoparticles is as follows: Adding nanoparticles and fluorosilane coupling agent into solvent, adjusting pH, and ultrasonically dispersing; After reacting at 60°C for 5 to 24 hours, an aminosilane coupling agent is added and reacted at the same temperature for 5 to 24 hours; the desired modified nanoparticles are obtained after filtration and drying.

8. The preparation method of a superhydrophobic anti-icing fan blade coating according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chloromethylation reagent is one of trimethylsilyl chloride-paraformaldehyde, hydrogen chloride-triformaldehyde, chloromethyl alkyl ether and chloromethyltrimethylsilane; The catalyst is one or a mixture of two or more of tin tetrachloride, aluminum trichloride and zinc chloride in any proportion; The fluorosilane coupling agent is one or a mixture of two or more of tridecafluorooctyltrimethylsilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane and heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane in any proportion; The aminosilane coupling agent is composed of one or two or more of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane mixed in any proportion.

9. The application of the superhydrophobic anti-icing coating for a fan blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The coating is used to prepare a super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating for fan blades.

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