Hydrogen safety control method and device for hydrogen production system by alkaline electrolysis of water

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and discloses a hydrogen safety control method and device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps: constructing an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system voltage model; obtaining hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through a diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross data in an alkali liquor circulation loop, constructing an alkaline electrolytic tank oxygen hydrogen concentration model based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and the hydrogen circulation cross data; determining oxygen hydrogen concentration real-time data based on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system voltage model and the alkaline electrolytic tank oxygen hydrogen concentration model; obtaining oxygen hydrogen concentration monitoring data through a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and performing hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the oxygen hydrogen concentration real-time data and the oxygen hydrogen concentration monitoring data. The application improves the calculation accuracy of the oxygen hydrogen concentration, realizes double control of the hydrogen safety of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and guarantees the hydrogen safety of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, specifically to a hydrogen safety control method and device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen safety is paramount in alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production systems. An explosion can occur when the hydrogen volume concentration in oxygen exceeds 4%. Since hydrogen molecules are very small, they increase the hydrogen concentration in oxygen during the electrolysis process through mass transfer and electrolyte circulation, especially under low-load conditions. Therefore, hydrogen safety control is achieved by detecting the hydrogen concentration in oxygen at the inlet and outlet using sensors.

[0003] However, since the hydrogen concentration in oxygen is mainly affected by factors such as temperature, pressure difference, and current density, and this process mainly occurs inside the electrolyzer, it is difficult to monitor it through inlet and outlet gas concentration detection, making it difficult to accurately control the hydrogen safety of alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydrogen safety control method and apparatus for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, in order to solve the problem that the hydrogen concentration in oxygen is difficult to monitor through inlet and outlet gas concentration detection, which makes it difficult to accurately control the hydrogen safety of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the method comprising:

[0006] Construct a voltage model for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system;

[0007] Data on hydrogen cross-diffusion caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and cross-diffusion data of hydrogen circulation in the alkaline solution circulation loop were obtained. Based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and cross-diffusion data, a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer was constructed.

[0008] Real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen were determined based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0009] Hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen is obtained by a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and hydrogen safety control is carried out on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on real-time data and monitoring data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen; wherein, the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0010] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By using a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a hydrogen concentration model of oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer, real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen is determined, improving the calculation accuracy of hydrogen concentration in oxygen. Furthermore, hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen is obtained through a hydrogen sensitivity monitor. Combining the real-time data and the monitoring data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen, hydrogen safety control of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is achieved, realizing dual control of hydrogen safety in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ensuring hydrogen safety of the system.

[0011] In one optional implementation, a voltage model for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is constructed, including:

[0012] The temperature and partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolyzer are obtained, and the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined based on the temperature and partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0013] The system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system are obtained. The electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient.

[0014] The molar concentration, reference resistance, reference conductivity, and membrane thickness of the electrolyte are obtained, and the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined based on these parameters.

[0015] The current density of the electrolyzer is obtained, and a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is constructed based on the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer, the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the current density of the electrolyzer.

[0016] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By calculating the reversible voltage, electrode polarization overpotential, and ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, and constructing a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system using these parameters, an accurate description of the electrolyzer voltage in the system is achieved. This lays the foundation for subsequent hydrogen safety control of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0017] In one optional implementation, determining the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolyzer includes:

[0018] The standard reversible voltage and water evaporation pressure were determined based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0019] The reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer is calculated based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, standard reversible voltage, water evaporation pressure, and water vapor partial pressure.

[0020] In one optional implementation, determining the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient includes:

[0021] Bubble coverage is calculated based on system pressure, alkaline electrolyzer temperature, and electrolyzer current density.

[0022] The cathode overpotential is calculated based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, electrolytic cell current density, and bubble coverage.

[0023] The anode overpotential is calculated based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, anode exchange current density, anode exchange coefficient, electrolytic cell current density, and bubble coverage.

[0024] The electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolytic cell is determined based on the cathode overpotential and the anode overpotential.

[0025] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By calculating the bubble coverage rate, the cathode overpotential and anode overpotential are calculated, and the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined by the cathode overpotential and anode overpotential. This achieves an accurate description of the interaction between the cathode overpotential and anode overpotential and the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, and bubble coverage rate, ensuring the accurate calculation of the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0026] In one optional implementation, a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in an alkaline electrolyzer is constructed based on hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data, including:

[0027] The voltage of the thermally neutral cell is determined based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor.

[0028] The hydrogen mixing flux is determined based on the electrolyzer current density, thermal neutral cell voltage, and hydrogen solubility in the electrolyte, hydrogen side pressure, anolyte flow rate, cell voltage at the end of cell life, electrolyte heat capacity, electrolyte density, and electrode area from the hydrogen circulation cross data.

[0029] The effective diffusion coefficient was determined based on the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the free electrolyte, membrane porosity, and membrane curvature coefficient in hydrogen cross-diffusion data.

[0030] The hydrogen diffusion flux is determined based on the solubility in the electrolyte, the effective diffusion coefficient, the membrane thickness, the partial pressure of water vapor, and the current density of the electrolyzer.

[0031] A model for hydrogen concentration in oxygen in an alkaline electrolyzer is constructed based on hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux.

[0032] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By calculating the hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux, it couples the relationship between alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, electrolyzer current density, and hydrogen diffusion, thereby achieving accurate calculation of hydrogen flow flux and improving the calculation accuracy of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0033] In one optional implementation, real-time data on the hydrogen concentration in oxygen is determined based on a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer, including:

[0034] A mechanism model of the alkaline electrolyzer was constructed based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0035] The accuracy of the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model was verified. Based on the verification results, the cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient were adjusted to obtain the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model after parameter adjustment.

[0036] The current current density, temperature, and voltage of the electrolyzer are obtained. The real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen is obtained in the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model after adjusting the input parameters of the current current density, temperature, and voltage of the electrolyzer.

[0037] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By verifying the accuracy of the alkaline electrolysis cell mechanism model, which is composed of a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer, and then adjusting the parameters based on the model accuracy verification results, the calculation accuracy of the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model is improved, and accurate calculation of real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen is achieved.

[0038] Secondly, the present invention provides a hydrogen safety control device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the device comprising:

[0039] The first building block is used to construct the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system;

[0040] The second construction module is used to acquire hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop, and to construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data.

[0041] The determination module is used to determine real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0042] The control module is used to acquire hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen through a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and to perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on real-time hydrogen concentration data and oxygen concentration monitoring data; wherein, the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0043] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the computer instructions to perform the hydrogen safety control method of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0044] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the hydrogen safety control method of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0045] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the hydrogen safety control method of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of another hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5This is a structural block diagram of a hydrogen safety control device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] This invention provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The method involves establishing a mechanism model of the alkaline electrolyzer to control the hydrogen concentration in oxygen, and adding an external hydrogen sensitivity monitor to double-ensure hydrogen safety in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Specifically, a mechanism model of the alkaline electrolyzer is established, and then control is achieved by combining the control switches between various valves in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Finally, the control parameters are added to a PLC control system for automatic control, thus ensuring the safety of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for hydrogen safety control in an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0056] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which can be used in server-type devices. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S101: Construct a voltage model for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0058] Step S102: Obtain hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop. Construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data.

[0059] Specifically, the hydrogen flow flux mainly consists of three parts: the first part is hydrogen cross-diffusion caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm; the second part is hydrogen cross-diffusion caused by convection between the electrolyte and dissolved hydrogen through the diaphragm; the third part is hydrogen cross-diffusion generated by hydrogen dissolved in the incoming electrolyte and hydrogen transported to the anode electrolyte chamber. This part only applies to systems where the anode and cathode flows are mixed after gas-liquid separation, and is called the alkaline solution circulation loop. However, the main factors affecting the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer consist of the first and third parts.

[0060] Step S103: Determine the real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0061] Step S104: Obtain hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen using a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on real-time hydrogen concentration data in oxygen and the hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen; wherein, the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0062] Specifically, a hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer to monitor the concentration of hydrogen in oxygen in real time and obtain monitoring data on the concentration of hydrogen in oxygen.

[0063] Furthermore, a hydrogen safety alarm threshold is set, namely, the hydrogen explosion limit is 4% (volume fraction), and the hydrogen safety alarm threshold is set at 1.5% (the value is adjustable, generally less than 50% of the explosion limit). This is based on the real-time hydrogen concentration (HTO) data in oxygen. 实时 Satisfying 1.5% <HTO 实时 When the concentration is <2%, adjust the size of the circulating cooling water pump in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system to regulate the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer; adjust the size of the inlet and outlet pressure valves in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system to regulate the system pressure; adjust the operating current; and adjust the size of the alkaline solution circulating pump.

[0064] Furthermore, real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen and monitoring data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen are embedded into the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) control system. When HTO 实时 When HTO >1.5%, adjust the control switches between the valves in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the above adjustment steps. 实时 When the concentration exceeds 2%, the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system will shut down promptly; or, when the hydrogen concentration monitoring data obtained by the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is greater than 1.5%, the control switches between the valves in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system will be adjusted, and when the hydrogen concentration monitoring data is greater than 2%, the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system will shut down promptly.

[0065] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By using a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a hydrogen concentration model of oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer, real-time data on the hydrogen concentration in oxygen is determined, improving the calculation accuracy of the hydrogen concentration in oxygen. Furthermore, hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen is obtained through a hydrogen sensitivity monitor. Combining the real-time and monitoring data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen, hydrogen safety control of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is achieved, realizing dual control of hydrogen safety and ensuring the system's hydrogen safety. In addition, hydrogen safety control is achieved by integrating control switches between various valves in the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Finally, the control parameters are added to the PLC control system for automatic control, realizing automatic control and cutoff of operating conditions at each stage of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. This reduces labor costs and the risks associated with personnel inspection, ensuring the safety of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0066] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which can be used in the aforementioned server-type devices. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0067] Step S201: Construct a voltage model for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0068] Specifically, step S201 includes:

[0069] Step S2011: Obtain the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolytic cell, and determine the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolytic cell.

[0070] Specifically, the reversible voltage of an alkaline electrolyzer includes the effects of system pressure and alkaline electrolyzer temperature on the reversible voltage.

[0071] In some optional implementations, step S2011 above includes:

[0072] Step a1: Determine the standard reversible voltage and water evaporation pressure based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0073] Specifically, the formula for calculating the standard reversible voltage is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] in, The standard reversible voltage is represented by volts (T), and the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature is represented by T.

[0076] Furthermore, the evaporation pressure of pure water, i.e., the water evaporation pressure. The calculation formula (unit: Pa) is shown below:

[0077]

[0078] Step a2: Calculate the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, standard reversible voltage, water evaporation pressure, and water vapor partial pressure.

[0079] Specifically, the formula for calculating the reversible voltage of an alkaline electrolyzer is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, E rev The value represents the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer, R represents the gas constant, F represents the Faraday constant, and P0 represents the reference pressure. This indicates the partial pressure of water vapor, which can be found by referring to the 30% KOH (potassium hydroxide) concentration table.

[0082] Step S2012: Obtain the system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system; determine the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient.

[0083] Specifically, the electrode polarization overpotential of an alkaline electrolyzer includes the influence of cathode and anode overpotential on alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, and bubble coverage. The electrode polarization overpotential of an alkaline electrolyzer is used to calculate the polarization loss generated by the anode and cathode (electrode materials) and is also part of the cell voltage of the electrolyzer.

[0084] In some optional implementations, step S2012 above includes:

[0085] Step b1: Calculate the bubble coverage rate based on system pressure, alkaline electrolyzer temperature, and electrolyzer current density.

[0086] Specifically, the formula for calculating the bubble coverage θ is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Where J represents the current density of the electrolytic cell, T0 represents the reference temperature, and P represents the system pressure (unit: Pascal).

[0089] Step b2: Calculate the cathode overpotential based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, electrolytic cell current density, and bubble coverage.

[0090] Specifically, the cathode overpotential ηact,c The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Where n represents the number of electrons transferred, α c J represents the cathode exchange coefficient. 0，c This represents the cathode exchange current density.

[0093] Step b3: Calculate the anode overpotential based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, anode exchange current density, anode exchange coefficient, electrolytic cell current density, and bubble coverage.

[0094] Specifically, the anode overpotential η act,a The calculation formula is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Where n represents α a J represents the anode exchange coefficient. 0，a This represents the anode exchange current density.

[0097] Step b4: Determine the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolytic cell based on the cathode overpotential and the anode overpotential.

[0098] Specifically, the electrode polarization overpotential η of the alkaline electrolytic cell act The calculation formula is as follows:

[0099] η act =η act,c +η act,a (7)

[0100] Step S2013: Obtain the molar concentration, reference resistance value, reference conductivity value, and membrane thickness of the electrolyte; determine the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the molar concentration, reference resistance value, reference conductivity value, and membrane thickness of the electrolyte.

[0101] Specifically, the ohmic overpotential of an alkaline electrolyzer includes data such as the molar concentration of the electrolyte, the reference conductivity value, and the membrane thickness. The ohmic overpotential of an alkaline electrolyzer is used to calculate the loss of ohmic impedance during electrolysis.

[0102] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the reference conductivity value κ at 60℃ is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] Where M represents the molar concentration of the electrolyte.

[0105] Furthermore, the ohmic overpotential R of the alkaline electrolyzer cell The calculation formula is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, R 60℃ κ represents the reference resistance value at 60℃. 60℃ This represents the reference conductivity value at 60℃, and d represents the membrane thickness.

[0108] Step S2014: Obtain the current density of the electrolyzer and construct a voltage model for the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer, the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the current density of the electrolyzer.

[0109] Specifically, the expression for the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is as follows:

[0110] E cell =E rev +η act +I·R cell (10)

[0111] Among them, E cell S represents the voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell, I represents the current of the alkaline electrolytic cell, which is obtained from the current density J of the electrolytic cell, i.e., J = I / S, where S represents the effective area of ​​the electrode (unit: cm²). 2 ).

[0112] Step S202: Obtain hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop. Construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen content of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S102 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0113] Step S203: Determine real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S103 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0114] Step S204: Obtain hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen using a hydrogen sensitivity monitor. Based on the real-time hydrogen concentration data and the monitoring data, perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S104 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0115] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By calculating the reversible voltage, electrode polarization overpotential, and ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, and constructing a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system using these parameters, an accurate description of the electrolyzer voltage in the system is achieved. This lays the foundation for subsequent hydrogen safety control of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0116] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which can be used in the aforementioned server-type devices. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0117] Step S301: Construct a voltage model for the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S201 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0118] Step S302: Obtain hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop, and construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data.

[0119] Specifically, step S302 includes:

[0120] Step S3021: Determine the thermally neutral battery voltage based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature and water vapor partial pressure.

[0121] Specifically, the heat of vaporization of water at the operating temperature is calculated based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the heat of vaporization of water at the operating temperature is ΔH. vap,T The calculation formula is as follows:

[0122] ΔH vap,T =42.960+40.762·T-0.06682·T 2 (11)

[0123] Furthermore, the thermally neutral cell voltage E is calculated based on the heat of vaporization and partial pressure of water at the operating temperature. tn The calculation formula is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] Step S3022: Determine the hydrogen mixing flux based on the electrolyzer current density, thermally neutral cell voltage, and hydrogen solubility in the electrolyte, hydrogen side pressure, anolyte flow rate, cell voltage at the end of cell life, electrolyte heat capacity, electrolyte density, and electrode area from the hydrogen circulation cross data.

[0126] Specifically, the formula for calculating the sum of the anolyte flow rate and the catholyte flow rate is as follows:

[0127]

[0128] Among them, F an F represents the anolyte flow rate. cn The flow rate of the cathode electrolyte is represented by A. For industrial-scale alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, the flow rates of the anode electrolyte and cathode electrolyte are usually equal. A represents the electrode area. This indicates the battery voltage at the end of its life (assuming 2 volts when most heat is generated; this value can be adjusted according to actual conditions), C. P ρ represents the electrolyte heat capacity, and ρ represents the electrolyte density.

[0129] Furthermore, hydrogen mixing flux The calculation formula is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] in, This indicates the solubility of hydrogen in the electrolyte. This indicates the hydrogen-side pressure.

[0132] Step S3023: Determine the effective diffusion coefficient based on the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the free electrolyte, membrane porosity, and membrane curvature coefficient in the hydrogen cross-diffusion data.

[0133] Specifically, the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the free electrolyte The calculation formula is as follows:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, E a The activation energy is expressed in units of 19.8 kJ / mol (kilojoules per mole), and B represents the pre-exponential factor.

[0136] Furthermore, the effective diffusion coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0137]

[0138] Where ε represents the membrane porosity, τ represents the membrane curvature coefficient, and N mN represents the square of the membrane curvature coefficient divided by the membrane porosity. m It can be set to 3.2.

[0139] Step S3024: Determine the hydrogen diffusion flux based on the solubility in the electrolyte, the effective diffusion coefficient, the membrane thickness, the water vapor partial pressure, and the current density of the electrolyzer.

[0140] Specifically, the formula for calculating the hydrogen pressure on the cathode side is as follows:

[0141]

[0142] in, The value represents the hydrogen pressure on the cathode side, and f represents a constant corresponding to a 30% KOH concentration, with a defined value of 25.8.

[0143] Furthermore, hydrogen diffusion flux The calculation formula is as follows:

[0144]

[0145] Step S3025: Construct a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in an alkaline electrolyzer based on hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux.

[0146] Specifically, hydrogen flux is calculated based on hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0147]

[0148] Furthermore, the expression for the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer is as follows:

[0149]

[0150] HTO represents the hydrogen concentration (%) in oxygen.

[0151] Step S303: Determine real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 Step S203 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0152] Step S304: Obtain hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen using a hydrogen sensitivity monitor. Based on the real-time hydrogen concentration data and the monitoring data, perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer. For details, please refer to [link to details]. Figure 2 Step S204 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0153] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By calculating the hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux, it couples the relationship between alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, electrolyzer current density, and hydrogen diffusion, thereby achieving accurate calculation of hydrogen flow flux and improving the calculation accuracy of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0154] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which can be used in the aforementioned server-type devices. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0155] Step S401: Construct a voltage model for the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 Step S301 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0156] Step S402: Obtain hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop. Construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen content of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 Step S302 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0157] Step S403: Determine the real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0158] Specifically, step S403 includes:

[0159] Step S4031: Construct an alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0160] Step S4032: Verify the accuracy of the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model. Based on the model accuracy verification results, adjust the cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient to obtain the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model after parameter adjustment.

[0161] Specifically, the experimental values ​​of current (or voltage), system pressure, and alkaline electrolyzer are obtained. The initial current density is determined based on the experimental values ​​of current. The initial current density, system pressure, initial temperature, and initial current density are input into the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model to obtain the experimental values ​​of voltage (or current). Then, a voltage-current experimental curve is constructed based on the experimental values ​​of current and voltage. The voltage-current experimental curve is compared with the actual voltage-current curve of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system to determine the error. When the error is greater than 1%, α in the above formulas (5) and (6) is adjusted. a α c J 0,a and J 0,c If the error is less than 1%, the model accuracy of the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model can be considered high.

[0162] Step S4033: Obtain the current current density, current temperature, and current voltage of the electrolyzer. Then, input the current current density, current temperature, and current voltage of the electrolyzer into the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model after adjusting the input parameters to obtain real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen.

[0163] Step S404: Obtain hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen using a hydrogen sensitivity monitor. Based on the real-time hydrogen concentration data and the monitoring data, perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 Step S304 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0164] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control method for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. By verifying the accuracy of the alkaline electrolysis cell mechanism model, which is composed of a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer, and then adjusting the parameters based on the model accuracy verification results, the calculation accuracy of the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model is improved, and accurate calculation of real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen is achieved.

[0165] This embodiment also provides a hydrogen safety control device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0166] This embodiment provides a hydrogen safety control device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes:

[0167] The first building module 501 is used to build a voltage model for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system;

[0168] The second construction module 502 is used to acquire hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop, and to construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and hydrogen circulation cross-data.

[0169] The determination module 503 is used to determine real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0170] The control module 504 is used to acquire monitoring data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen through a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and to perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen and monitoring data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen; wherein, the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0171] In some alternative implementations, the first building module 501 includes:

[0172] The first determining unit is used to obtain the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolytic cell, and to determine the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolytic cell;

[0173] The second determining unit is used to obtain the system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density and anode exchange coefficient of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and to determine the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density and anode exchange coefficient.

[0174] The third determining unit is used to obtain the molar concentration of the electrolyte, the reference resistance value, the reference conductivity value, and the membrane thickness, and to determine the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the molar concentration of the electrolyte, the reference resistance value, the reference conductivity value, and the membrane thickness.

[0175] The first building unit is used to obtain the current density of the electrolyzer and to construct a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer, the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the current density of the electrolyzer.

[0176] In some optional implementations, the first determining unit includes:

[0177] The first determining subunit is used to determine the standard reversible voltage and water evaporation pressure based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer, respectively;

[0178] The first calculation subunit is used to calculate the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, standard reversible voltage, water evaporation pressure, and water vapor partial pressure.

[0179] In some optional implementations, the second determining unit includes:

[0180] The second calculation subunit is used to calculate the bubble coverage rate based on system pressure, alkaline electrolyzer temperature and electrolyzer current density;

[0181] The third calculation subunit is used to calculate the cathode overpotential based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, electrolytic cell current density, and bubble coverage.

[0182] The fourth calculation subunit is used to calculate the anode overpotential based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, anode exchange current density, anode exchange coefficient, electrolyzer current density, and bubble coverage.

[0183] The second determining subunit is used to determine the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolytic cell based on the cathode overpotential and the anode overpotential.

[0184] In some alternative implementations, the second building module 502 includes:

[0185] The fourth determining unit is used to determine the voltage of the thermally neutral battery based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor.

[0186] The fifth determining unit is used to determine the hydrogen mixing flux based on the electrolyzer current density, thermal neutral cell voltage, and hydrogen solubility in the electrolyte, hydrogen side pressure, anolyte flow rate, cell voltage at the end of cell life, electrolyte heat capacity, electrolyte density, and electrode area from the hydrogen circulation cross data.

[0187] The sixth determining unit is used to determine the effective diffusion coefficient based on the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the free electrolyte, the membrane porosity, and the membrane curvature coefficient in the hydrogen cross-diffusion data;

[0188] The seventh determining unit is used to determine the hydrogen diffusion flux based on the solubility in the electrolyte, the effective diffusion coefficient, the membrane thickness, the water vapor partial pressure, and the electrolyzer current density.

[0189] The second building block is used to construct a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in an alkaline electrolyzer based on hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux.

[0190] In some alternative implementations, the determining module 503 includes:

[0191] The third building unit is used to construct the mechanism model of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0192] The verification unit is used to verify the accuracy of the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model. Based on the model accuracy verification results, the cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient are adjusted to obtain the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model after parameter adjustment.

[0193] The acquisition unit is used to acquire the current current density, current temperature, and current voltage of the electrolyzer. By adjusting the input parameters of the current current density, current temperature, and current voltage of the electrolyzer, the real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen is obtained in the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model.

[0194] Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0195] In this embodiment, the hydrogen safety control device of an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system is presented in the form of a functional unit. Here, a unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0196] This invention also provides a computer device having the above-described features. Figure 5 The diagram shows a hydrogen safety control device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0197] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The components communicate with each other via different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on external input / output devices (such as display devices coupled to the interfaces). In some alternative implementations, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 6 Take a processor 10 as an example.

[0198] Processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GDA), or any combination thereof.

[0199] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10 to cause the at least one processor 10 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0200] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0201] The memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0202] The computer device also includes a communication interface 30 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.

[0203] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods shown in the above embodiments.

[0204] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0205] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for hydrogen safety control in an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, characterized in that, The method includes: Construct a voltage model for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system; Data on hydrogen cross-diffusion caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and data on hydrogen circulation cross-diffusion in the alkaline solution circulation loop are obtained. A model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer is constructed based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and the hydrogen circulation cross-diffusion data. Real-time data on hydrogen concentration in oxygen are determined based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the alkaline electrolyzer. Hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen is obtained by a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and hydrogen safety control is performed on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the real-time hydrogen concentration data in oxygen and the hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen; wherein, the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer; The construction of the voltage model for the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes: The temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolyzer are obtained, and the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolyzer. The system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density, and anode exchange coefficient of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system are obtained. Based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, the system pressure, the cathode exchange current density, the cathode exchange coefficient, the anode exchange current density, and the anode exchange coefficient, the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined. The molar concentration, reference resistance value, reference conductivity value, and membrane thickness of the electrolyte are obtained, and the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer is determined based on the molar concentration of the electrolyte, the reference resistance value, the reference conductivity value, and the membrane thickness. Obtain the current density of the electrolyzer, and construct a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer, the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, and the current density of the electrolyzer. The construction of the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and the hydrogen circulation cross-data includes: The voltage of the thermally neutral battery is determined based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor. The hydrogen mixing flux is determined based on the electrolyzer current density, the thermal neutral battery voltage, and the hydrogen solubility in the electrolyte, hydrogen side pressure, anolyte flow rate, battery voltage at the end of battery life, electrolyte heat capacity, electrolyte density, and electrode area from the hydrogen circulation cross data. The effective diffusion coefficient is determined based on the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the free electrolyte, the membrane porosity, and the membrane curvature coefficient in the hydrogen cross-diffusion data. The hydrogen diffusion flux is determined based on the solubility in the electrolyte, the effective diffusion coefficient, the membrane thickness, the water vapor partial pressure, and the current density of the electrolyzer. A model for the hydrogen concentration in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer is constructed based on the hydrogen mixing flux and the hydrogen diffusion flux.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolyzer includes: The standard reversible voltage and water evaporation pressure are determined based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer. The reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer is calculated based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, the standard reversible voltage, the water evaporation pressure, and the water vapor partial pressure.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, the system pressure, the cathode exchange current density, the cathode exchange coefficient, the anode exchange current density, and the anode exchange coefficient includes: The bubble coverage rate is calculated based on the system pressure, the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, and the electrolytic cell current density. The cathode overpotential is calculated based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, the cathode exchange current density, the cathode exchange coefficient, the electrolytic cell current density, and the bubble coverage rate. The anode overpotential is calculated based on the alkaline electrolytic cell temperature, the anode exchange current density, the anode exchange coefficient, the electrolytic cell current density, and the bubble coverage rate. The electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolytic cell is determined based on the cathode overpotential and the anode overpotential.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of real-time hydrogen concentration data in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the oxygen hydrogen concentration model of the alkaline electrolyzer includes: A mechanism model for the alkaline electrolyzer is constructed based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer. The alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model was verified for accuracy. Based on the verification results, the cathode exchange current density, the cathode exchange coefficient, the anode exchange current density, and the anode exchange coefficient were adjusted to obtain the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model with adjusted parameters. The current current density, temperature, and voltage of the electrolyzer are obtained, and then input into the alkaline electrolyzer mechanism model after parameter adjustment to obtain real-time data on the hydrogen concentration in oxygen.

5. A hydrogen safety control device for an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, characterized in that, The device includes: The first building block is used to construct the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system; The second construction module is used to acquire hydrogen cross-diffusion data caused by hydrogen diffusion through the diaphragm and hydrogen circulation cross-data in the alkaline solution circulation loop, and to construct a hydrogen concentration model in the oxygen of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the hydrogen cross-diffusion data and the hydrogen circulation cross-data. The determination module is used to determine real-time data of hydrogen concentration in oxygen based on the voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen concentration model in oxygen in the alkaline electrolyzer. The control module is used to acquire hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen through a hydrogen sensitivity monitor, and to perform hydrogen safety control on the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the real-time hydrogen concentration data in oxygen and the hydrogen concentration monitoring data in oxygen; wherein, the hydrogen sensitivity monitor is installed at the cathode of the alkaline electrolyzer; The first building module includes: The first determining unit is used to obtain the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolytic cell, and to determine the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolytic cell based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolytic cell and the partial pressure of water vapor in the alkaline electrolytic cell; The second determining unit is used to obtain the system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density and anode exchange coefficient of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and to determine the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the alkaline electrolyzer temperature, system pressure, cathode exchange current density, cathode exchange coefficient, anode exchange current density and anode exchange coefficient. The third determining unit is used to obtain the molar concentration of the electrolyte, the reference resistance value, the reference conductivity value, and the membrane thickness, and to determine the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer based on the molar concentration of the electrolyte, the reference resistance value, the reference conductivity value, and the membrane thickness. The first building unit is used to obtain the current density of the electrolyzer and to build a voltage model of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the reversible voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer, the electrode polarization overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer, the ohmic overpotential of the alkaline electrolyzer and the current density of the electrolyzer. The second building module includes: The fourth determining unit is used to determine the voltage of the thermally neutral battery based on the temperature of the alkaline electrolyzer and the partial pressure of water vapor. The fifth determining unit is used to determine the hydrogen mixing flux based on the electrolyzer current density, thermal neutral cell voltage, and hydrogen solubility in the electrolyte, hydrogen side pressure, anolyte flow rate, cell voltage at the end of cell life, electrolyte heat capacity, electrolyte density, and electrode area from the hydrogen circulation cross data. The sixth determining unit is used to determine the effective diffusion coefficient based on the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in the free electrolyte, the membrane porosity, and the membrane curvature coefficient in the hydrogen cross-diffusion data; The seventh determining unit is used to determine the hydrogen diffusion flux based on the solubility in the electrolyte, the effective diffusion coefficient, the membrane thickness, the water vapor partial pressure, and the electrolyzer current density. The second building block is used to construct a model of hydrogen concentration in oxygen in an alkaline electrolyzer based on hydrogen mixing flux and hydrogen diffusion flux.

6. A computer device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the hydrogen safety control method of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the hydrogen safety control method of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the hydrogen safety control method of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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