Directional drilling device with anti-drop function

Abstract

The application discloses a directional drilling device with anti-falling function and relates to the technical field of drilling devices.The directional drilling device comprises a drilling support, the top of the drilling support is slidably connected with a lifting plate, a plurality of lifting rails are arranged on the outer wall of the lifting plate, the lifting rails are arranged on the two sides of the inside of the lifting plate, the top of the outer wall of the lifting rail is connected with one side of the inside of the lifting plate in a penetrating mode, and the one side of the inside of the lifting plate is slidably connected with the top of the outer wall of the lifting rail.The radial and axial constraints of the drilling rod are realized through the cooperation of the limiting disc and the telescopic cylinder, the displacement or falling of the drilling rod due to uneven stress or sudden impact in a complex geological environment is prevented, the activity limiting effectively increases the adaptability and reliability of the device in drilling operation, the position of the limiting column is adjusted to adapt to the movement of the drilling rod when unstable strata or abnormal vibration are encountered, and the continuity and safety of the drilling process are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling devices, in particular to a directional drilling device with anti-dropping function. BACKGROUND

[0002] The directional drilling device is an advanced equipment for precise positioning and efficient drilling in modern drilling technology. The device has excellent anti-dropping function. It adopts a high-level guide system, which can monitor and adjust the direction of the drill bit in real time, ensuring that the drilling path conforms to the predetermined trajectory. In general, the directional drilling device with anti-dropping function plays a crucial role in improving resource development efficiency and ensuring operation safety.

[0003] Currently, the existing directional drilling device may produce excessive vibration and axial force during drilling due to complex and variable geological conditions or contact with rocks. These additional forces not only increase the risk of drilling, but also may cause the drill pipe to fall off between the drill pipe and the drilling device, affecting drilling efficiency and safety.

[0004] In addition to the risk of vibration and falling, there are the following technical problems:

[0005] (1) After the drill pipe of the drilling device is drilled into the soil, the soil is discharged upwards along the drill pipe, and the soil is easily accumulated on the drilling device, which is not conducive to the subsequent removal of soil;

[0006] (2) The deeper the drill pipe drills into the ground, the more likely the drilling device as a whole will vibrate, which is not conducive to the continuous operation of the drilling device.

[0007] Therefore, the present application provides a directional drilling device with anti-dropping function to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to provide a directional drilling device with anti-dropping function, which solves the problem of how to reduce or even eliminate the vibration effect of the drill pipe during operation, and also achieves the effect of efficient and quick cleaning of the soil on the drill pipe, realizing the multifunctional technical effect.

[0009] A directional drilling device with anti-dropping function, comprising a drilling support, the upper end of the drilling support is slidably connected with a lifting plate, and the outer wall of the lifting plate is provided with a lifting rail for guiding, the outer wall top of the drilling support is slidably connected with the inner center of the lifting plate through the lifting rail, the lifting plate is connected with a lifting power mechanism, and the lifting power mechanism is connected to the drilling support.

[0010] The lifting plate is provided with a motor one, the motor one is connected with a drill rod vertically penetrating the lifting plate, the lower end of the drilling support is respectively slidably connected with a limiter, the limiter is in separable contact with the outer side of the drill rod, the inner wall of the limiter is slidably connected with the outer wall of a telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support, and the telescopic cylinder is located in the inner center of the limiter.

[0011] The lifting driving mechanism comprises a motor two arranged on the drilling support, and a screw rod rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the drilling support, the top end of the screw rod is connected with the motor two, and the side portion penetrates the lifting plate.

[0012] A plurality of limiting discs are rotatably connected to the side of the inner part of the limiter close to the drill rod;

[0013] The outer wall of the limiter is connected with the inner wall of the drilling support on both sides, and the outer wall of the limiter is slidably connected with the inner side of the drilling support on both sides, and the outer wall of the limiter is respectively provided with an inclined groove.

[0014] The outer wall of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with a limiting column, and the limiting column is slidably arranged in the inclined groove.

[0015] The drill rod is provided with a pre-drilling structure; the pre-drilling structure comprises an open slot arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod, a guide column coaxially penetrating the center of the drill rod, a bottom drill rod coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the guide column, a spring one sleeved at the lower end of the guide column, a limiting block fixed at the outer side of the upper end of the bottom drill rod, and a bottom spiral piece fixed at the lower end of the bottom drill rod, the spring one and the bottom drill rod are arranged in the open slot;

[0016] The inner side of the open slot is provided with an embedded groove, and the limiting block is slidably arranged in the embedded groove.

[0017] The limiter is a split structure, and comprises a contact block arranged close to the drill rod, two driving blocks connected with the limiting column, the telescopic cylinder is arranged between the two driving blocks, and a plurality of limiting discs are arranged on the contact block;

[0018] The inner side of the contact block is connected with the two driving blocks through a buffer structure, and the top end of the contact block is connected with the two driving blocks through a limiting structure.

[0019] The buffer structure comprises a horizontal column fixedly connected at one end to the inner side surface of the contact block, a spring two sleeved at the outer side of the horizontal column, and an electromagnet in active contact with the outer end of the spring two, the outer side surface of the driving block is provided with a blind hole, the electromagnet is fixed at the inner end of the blind hole, and the length of the spring two is greater than the length of the horizontal column.

[0020] The limiting structure comprises fixed block one and fixed block two fixed on both sides of the top end of the driving block, a guide column vertically connected between the fixed block one and the fixed block two, fixed block three fixed on the outside of the top end of the contact block, and a sliding plate connected with one end of the fixed block three, the other end of the sliding plate being slidingly connected on the guide column.

[0021] The limiting disc is vertically provided with a rotating shaft one or a rotating shaft two in the center, and a flexible shaft is connected with one end of the rotating shaft one or the rotating shaft two, the other end of the flexible shaft being connected with the top end of the guide column.

[0022] The rotating shaft one is connected with an intermediate shaft through a transmission belt one, the intermediate shaft is connected with a rotating shaft two through a transmission belt two, and the intermediate shaft is vertically drivingly connected on the contact block.

[0023] The positive effects of the present application are as follows:

[0024] (1) When the device works in a complex geological environment, the telescopic cylinders on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support are simultaneously driven, and since the limiters are slidingly connected with both sides of the bottom of the drilling support, when the telescopic cylinders drive the telescopic ends to push the limiting columns on both sides of the outer wall of the telescopic ends to the bottom of the drilling support, the limiting columns push the limiters and the limiting discs on one side of the limiters to the outer wall of the drill pipe by abutting against the inner wall of the inclined groove, and finally the outer wall of the limiting disc abuts against the outer wall of the drill pipe, so that the drill pipe is actively limited, and the radial and axial constraints of the drill pipe are realized through the cooperation of the limiting disc and the telescopic cylinder, so that displacement or falling of the drill pipe due to uneven stress or sudden impact in the complex geological environment is prevented.

[0025] The active limiting effectively increases the adaptability and reliability of the device in the drilling operation, and can adapt to the movement of the drill pipe by adjusting the position of the limiting column when unstable stratum or abnormal vibration is encountered, so that the continuity and safety of the drilling process are ensured.

[0026] (2) The pre-drilling structure in the present application has the following technical effects:

[0027] Firstly, the bottom drill pipe contacts the ground or rock before the drill pipe, and the rotation of the drill pipe drives the rotation of the bottom drill pipe, so that the release of the earth stress during drilling is realized, and when the bottom end of the drill pipe contacts the ground, the drilling is more convenient and the drilling process is easier to perform.

[0028] Secondly, the vibration is reduced through secondary drilling, the size of the bottom drill pipe is smaller during primary drilling, and the vibration is smaller, the earth or rock is loose during secondary drilling, the drilling process is easier to perform, and the vibration is smaller.

[0029] Thirdly, the rotation of the drill pipe drives the rotation of the guide column, so that the rotation of the limiting disc is driven through the flexible shaft, and the soil is cleaned.

[0030] (3) the limiter is designed as a split type structure, and is driven by the flexible shaft to rotate the limiting disc, so that the following technical effects are realized:

[0031] First, when the electromagnetic iron attracts the cross column, the contact block can be used for limiting the outer side of the drill rod to avoid large vibration;

[0032] Second, when the electromagnetic iron does not attract the cross column, the contact block is reset under the action of spring two, and at this time, it can be used for cleaning the soil on the drill rod. Since the drill rod has a spiral blade, the limiting disc and the contact block will continuously stretch left and right during the contact with the spiral blade, and the rotation of the limiting disc is superimposed, so that the soil on the drill rod is quickly cleaned. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the lead screw of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the limiter of embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the limiter and the inclined groove of embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-drilling structure of embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the bottom drill rod and the guide column of embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiter of embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a front view of the limiter of embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0041] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the contact block, the buffer structure and the limiting structure of embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0042] In the figure: 1, drilling support; 2, lifting plate; 201, lifting rail; 202, motor one; 203, drill rod; 204, motor two; 205, screw rod; 3, limiter; 301, telescopic cylinder; 302, limiting disc; 303, inclined slot; 304, limiting column; 4, bottom drill rod; 41, limiting block; 5, guide column; 51, spring one; 31, contact block; 32, driving block; 6, fixed block one; 61, guide column; 62, sliding plate; 63, fixed block two; 64, fixed block three; 7, rotating shaft one; 71, transmission belt one; 72, intermediate shaft; 73, transmission belt two; 74, rotating shaft two; 8, cross column; 9, spring two; 10, electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the technical features of the scheme clearer, the following through specific embodiments, the scheme is described.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] As Figures 1-4 shown, a directional drilling device with anti-off function, including drilling support 1, the top of the drilling support 1 is slidably connected with the lifting plate 2, and the outer wall of the lifting plate 2 is provided with a plurality of lifting rails 201 on both sides, one side of the inside of the lifting plate 2 is slidably connected with the outer wall top of the lifting rail 201, the outer wall top of the drilling support 1 is slidably connected with the inside center of the lifting plate 2 through the lifting rail 201, the lifting plate 2 is fixedly connected with the motor one 202, and the lifting plate 2 is rotatably connected with the drill rod 203, the motor one 202 drives the drill rod 203 to rotate;

[0046] By setting a plurality of groups of lifting rails 201 on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support 1, the lifting rails 201 are penetrated through the inside of the lifting plate 2 on both sides, so that the lifting plate 2 is limited after the lifting rails 201, the motor two 204 drives the screw rod 205 to rotate after the output end of the motor one 202 drives the drill rod 203 to rotate, the screw rod 205 drives the lifting plate 2 and the drill rod 203 to vertically slide to the bottom of the drilling support 1 after rotating through the threads on the outer wall, that is, the earth surface can be drilled.

[0047] It should be noted that, in order to simplify the design, the screw thread is not expressed on the drill rod 203 in the attached Figure 1 , but it does not affect the implementation of the scheme, and this is stated.

[0048] After the output end of motor 1 202 drives the drill rod 203 to rotate, motor 204 drives the lead screw 205. After the lead screw 205 rotates, the lifting plate 2 and the drill rod 203 are driven to slide vertically to the bottom of the drilling support 1 through the thread on its outer wall, so that drilling work can be carried out on the ground surface, thereby realizing an efficient and stable drilling process. By setting multiple sets of lifting rails 201 on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support 1, it provides additional support and limiting function for the device, enhances the stability of the overall structure, makes the drilling operation more accurate and safe, and improves work efficiency and quality.

[0049] It should be noted that in the accompanying drawings of this embodiment 1, for the purpose of simplifying the design, the motor 202 is directly connected to the drill rod 203 to drive the drill rod 203; however, in the following embodiment 2, due to the need to connect the guide post 5 and the guide post 5 to the flexible shaft, the top end of the drill rod 203 can be connected to the motor 202 via a chain, and both the drill rod 203 and the motor 202 need to be equipped with sprockets, which will not be described in detail here.

[0050] In addition, for the purpose of simplifying the design, in the appendix Figure 1 The drill pipe 203 in the picture does not have spiral blades, but in fact, the outer side of the drill pipe 203 has spiral blades. This is hereby noted, and the existing technical features will not be described in detail.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple limiting discs 302 are rotatably connected inside the limiter 3 near the drill rod 203, and the limiting discs 302 are located on both sides of the outside of the drill rod 203. The two sides of the outer wall of the limiter 3 are connected through to one side of the inner wall of the drilling support 1, and the two sides of the outer wall of the limiter 3 are slidably connected to one side of the inside of the drilling support 1.

[0052] The limiter 3 has inclined grooves 303 on both sides of its outer wall. The telescopic cylinder 301 has a set of corresponding limit posts 304 fixedly connected to both sides of its telescopic end. The limit posts 304 are located at the top inside the inclined grooves 303. One end of the outer wall of the limit post 304 is connected through to the top inside the inclined grooves 303. The top inside the inclined grooves 303 is slidably connected to one end of the outer wall of the limit post 304. The limit posts 304 are located on both sides inside the limiter 3.

[0053] In short, the telescopic cylinder 301 drives the limiting post 304 to move downward, and the limiting post 304 applies pressure to the inclined groove 303, similar to the principle of the wedge block mechanism. After being pressed, the limiter moves horizontally towards the drill rod 203.

[0054] When the device works in a complex geological environment, because the limiters 3 are slidingly connected to the two sides of the bottom of the drilling support 1, the telescopic cylinders 301 on the outer wall of the drilling support 1 work, when the telescopic cylinders 301 drive the telescopic ends, the telescopic ends drive the limit posts 304 on the outer wall of the telescopic ends to push the bottom of the drilling support 1, the limit posts 304 abut against the inner wall of the inclined grooves 303;

[0055] The limiters 3 and the limit discs 302 on one side of the limiters 3 are pushed to the outer wall of the drill pipe 203, and finally the outer wall of the limit disc 302 abuts against the outer wall of the drill pipe 203 (specifically, the limiters 3 and the limit disc 302 are pushed to the outer wall of the drill pipe 203, and then abut against each other), so that the drill pipe 203 can be actively limited;

[0056] Therefore, through the cooperation of the limit disc 302 and the telescopic cylinder 301, the radial and axial constraints of the drill pipe 203 are realized (specifically, the limiters 3 and the limit disc 302 on one side of the limiters 3 are pushed to the outer wall of the drill pipe 203, and then the outer wall of the limit disc 302 abuts against the outer wall of the drill pipe 203, through the abutment of the outer wall of the multiple limit discs 302 and the outer wall of the drill pipe 203, the drill pipe 203 is actively limited);

[0057] The drill pipe 203 can be prevented from being displaced or falling off due to uneven stress or sudden impact in a complex geological environment. The active limiting effectively increases the adaptability and reliability of the device in drilling operations, and can adapt to the movement of the drill pipe 203 by adjusting the position of the limit post 304 when encountering unstable strata or abnormal vibration, thereby ensuring the continuity and safety of the drilling process.

[0058] The specific working process of the embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0059] After multiple groups of lifting rails 201 are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling support 1, the lifting rails 201 penetrate the two sides of the inside of the lifting plate 2, and the lifting plate 2 is limited, the motor one 202 is activated, the output end of the motor one 202 drives the drill pipe 203 to rotate, the motor two 204 is activated, and the screw rod 205 is driven by the motor two 204, after the screw rod 205 rotates, the lifting plate 2 and the drill pipe 203 are vertically slid to the bottom of the drilling support 1 through the threads on the outer wall of the screw rod 205, so that the drilling work on the ground can be carried out.

[0060] When the device works in a complex geological environment, the telescopic cylinders 301 on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support 1 are simultaneously driven. Since the limiters 3 are slidingly connected to the bottom of the drilling support 1, when the telescopic cylinders 301 drive the telescopic ends to push the limit posts 304 on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support 1 towards the bottom of the drilling support 1, the limit posts 304 push the limiters 3 and the limit discs 302 on one side of the limiters 3 towards the outer wall of the drill pipe 203 by abutting against the inner wall of the inclined groove 303 (specifically, the telescopic cylinders 301 drive the limit posts 304 on both sides of the outer wall to move vertically towards the bottom of the drilling machine 1 through the telescopic ends, so that the limit posts 304 abut against the inclined groove 303 to push the limiters 3 towards the outer wall of the drill pipe 203), and finally the outer wall of the limit disc 302 abuts against the outer wall of the drill pipe 203, which can limit the drill pipe 203 in motion, thereby realizing the radial and axial constraint of the drill pipe 203 through the cooperation of the limit disc 302 and the telescopic cylinder 301, and preventing the drill pipe 203 from being displaced or falling off due to uneven stress or sudden impact in a complex geological environment.

[0061] This movable limiting effectively increases the adaptability and reliability of the device in drilling operations, and can adapt to the movement of the drill pipe 203 by adjusting the position of the limit post 304 when encountering unstable strata or abnormal vibration, thereby ensuring the continuity and safety of the drilling process.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] As shown in Figures 5-9 , the drill pipe 203 is provided with a pre-drilling structure; the pre-drilling structure includes an open slot arranged at the bottom end of the drill pipe 203, a guide column 5 coaxially passing through the center of the drill pipe 203, a bottom drill pipe 4 coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the guide column 5, a spring 51 sleeved at the lower end of the guide column 5, a limiting block 41 fixed outside the upper end of the bottom drill pipe 4, and a bottom spiral fin fixed at the lower end of the bottom drill pipe 4, wherein the spring 51 and the bottom drill pipe 4 are arranged in the open slot.

[0064] The inner side of the open slot is provided with an embedded groove, and the limiting block 41 is slidingly arranged in the embedded groove.

[0065] The limiter 3 is a split structure and includes a contact block 31 arranged close to the drill pipe 203, two driving blocks 32 connected with the limit posts 304, and a telescopic cylinder 301 arranged between the two driving blocks 32, and a plurality of limit discs 302 arranged on the contact block 31.

[0066] The inner side of the contact block 31 is connected with the two driving blocks 32 through a buffer structure, and the top end of the contact block 31 is connected with the two driving blocks 32 through a limiting structure.

[0067] The buffer structure comprises a cross column 8 vertically and fixedly connected to the inner side of the contact block 31, a spring 2 9 sleeved outside the cross column 8, an electromagnet 10 in active contact with the outer end of the spring 2 9, and a blind hole formed in the outer side of the driving block 32, wherein the electromagnet 10 is fixed to the inner end of the blind hole, and the length of the spring 2 9 is greater than the length of the cross column 8.

[0068] The limiting structure comprises a fixed block 1 6 and a fixed block 2 63 fixed to the two sides of the top end of the driving block 32, a guide column 61 vertically connected between the fixed block 1 6 and the fixed block 2 63, a fixed block 3 64 fixed to the outer side of the top end of the contact block 31, and a sliding plate 62 connected to the fixed block 3 64 at one end and slidably connected to the guide column 61 at the other end. The sliding plate 62 slides on the guide column 61 under the driving of the contact block 31, and the guide column 61 limits the contact block 31.

[0069] A shaft 1 7 or a shaft 2 74 is vertically arranged in the center of the limiting disc 302, a flexible shaft is connected to the top end of the shaft 1 7 or the shaft 2 74 at one end, and the other end of the flexible shaft is connected to the top end of the guide column 5.

[0070] The shaft 1 7 is connected to the intermediate shaft 72 through a transmission belt 1 71, the intermediate shaft 72 is connected to the shaft 2 74 through a transmission belt 2 73, and the intermediate shaft 72 is vertically and transmissionally connected to the contact block 31.

[0071] The basic working principle of the second embodiment is as follows:

[0072] In the scheme, the pre-drilling structure is designed, the bottom drill rod 4 is contacted with the ground or rock before the drill rod 2 03, the rotation of the bottom drill rod 4 is driven by the drill rod 2 03, the release of the ground stress is realized, when the bottom end of the drill rod 2 03 is contacted with the ground, the drilling is more convenient, and the drilling process is easier to perform;

[0073] Through the secondary drilling, the vibration is reduced, the size of the bottom drill rod 4 is smaller, and the vibration is smaller during the first drilling, the ground or rock is loose during the secondary drilling, the drilling process is easier to perform, and the vibration is smaller; and the size of the bottom spiral blade on the bottom drill rod 4 is smaller, and the soil cleaning is also convenient;

[0074] The rotation of the drill rod 2 03 drives the rotation of the guide column 5, thereby driving the rotation of the limiting disc 302 through the flexible shaft, the limiting disc 302 extends into the spiral blade position, and the rotating limiting disc 302 accelerates the soil cleaning; since the flexible shaft is a conventional structure in the prior art, for the purpose of simplifying the design, the flexible shaft is not marked in detail in the drawings, and will not be described herein.

[0075] In the second embodiment, the limiter 3 is designed as a split structure, and is driven by the flexible shaft to rotate the limiting disc 302, when the electromagnet 10 is attracted to the cross column 8, the contact block 31 can be used for limiting the outside of the drill rod 2 03 to avoid large vibration.

[0076] When the electromagnet 10 does not attract the cross column 8, the contact block 31 is reset under the action of the spring two 9, at this time, it can be used for cleaning the soil on the drill pipe 203, because the drill pipe 203 has a spiral blade, at this time, the limiting disc 302 is in contact with the spiral blade, due to the special structure of the spiral blade, the limiting disc 302 and the contact block 31 will continuously stretch left and right, and at the same time, the rotation of the limiting disc 302 is superimposed, so that the soil on the drill pipe 203 is quickly cleaned.

[0077] The realization of the shockproof effect in the scheme is mainly realized through the cooperation of the limiter and the pre-drilling structure, and the limiter also has the effect of cleaning the soil on the drill pipe.

[0078] The technical features not described in the present application can be realized by or using the prior art, which will not be repeated here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary skilled in the art within the scope of the present application should also be within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A directional drilling apparatus with anti-drop function, comprising a drilling support (1), characterized in that, The upper end of the drilling support (1) is slidingly connected with a lifting plate (2), and the outer wall of the lifting plate (2) is provided with a lifting rail (201) for guiding; the top of the outer wall of the drilling support (1) is slidingly connected with the inner center of the lifting plate (2) through the lifting rail (201); the lifting plate (2) is connected with a lifting power mechanism; and the lifting power mechanism is connected on the drilling support (1); A motor one (202) is arranged on the lifting plate (2), and the motor one (202) is connected with a drill rod (203) vertically penetrating through the lifting plate (2); the lower end of the drilling support (1) is slidingly connected with a limiting device (3) on both sides; the limiting device (3) is in separable contact with the outer side of the drill rod (203); the inner wall of the limiting device (3) is slidingly connected with the outer wall of a telescopic air cylinder (301); the telescopic air cylinder (301) is arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the drilling support (1); and the telescopic air cylinder (301) is located in the inner center of the limiting device (3); The lifting driving mechanism comprises a motor two (204) arranged on the drilling support (1), and a screw rod (205) is rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the drilling support (1) respectively; the top end of the screw rod (205) is connected with the motor two (204), and the side portion penetrates through the lifting plate (2); A plurality of limiting discs (302) are rotatably connected to the side close to the drill rod (203) in the inner portion of the limiting device (3); The outer wall of the limiting device (3) is connected with the inner wall of the drilling support (1) on both sides, and the outer wall of the limiting device (3) is slidingly connected with the inner side of the drilling support (1) on both sides; and the outer wall of the limiting device (3) is provided with an inclined groove (303) on both sides; The outer wall of the telescopic end of the telescopic air cylinder (301) is fixedly connected with a limiting column (304), and the limiting column (304) is slidingly arranged in the inner portion of the inclined groove (303); The drill rod (203) is provided with a pre-drilling structure; the pre-drilling structure comprises an open groove arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod (203), a guide column (5) coaxially penetrating through the center of the drill rod (203), a bottom drill rod (4) coaxially fixed at the bottom end of the guide column (5), a spring one (51) sleeved at the lower end of the guide column (5), a limiting block (41) fixed at the outer side of the upper end of the bottom drill rod (4), and a bottom spiral fin fixed at the lower end of the bottom drill rod (4); the spring one (51) and the bottom drill rod (4) are arranged in the open groove; The inner side of the open groove is provided with an embedded groove, and the limiting block (41) is slidingly arranged in the embedded groove.

2. The directional drilling apparatus with anti-dropping function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting device (3) is a split structure, and comprises a contact block (31) arranged close to the drill rod (203), two driving blocks (32) connected with the limiting column (304), and the telescopic air cylinder (301) is arranged between the two driving blocks (32); and a plurality of limiting discs (302) are arranged on the contact block (31); The inner side of the contact block (31) is connected with the two driving blocks (32) through a buffering structure, and the top end of the contact block (31) is connected with the two driving blocks (32) through a limiting structure.

3. The directional drilling apparatus with anti-dropping function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffering structure comprises a horizontal column (8) vertically and fixedly connected to the inner side of the contact block (31), a spring two (9) sleeved outside the horizontal column (8), an electromagnet (10) in active contact with the outer end of the spring two (9), a blind hole formed in the outer side of the driving block (32), the electromagnet (10) fixed to the inner end of the blind hole, and the length of the spring two (9) greater than the length of the horizontal column (8).

4. The directional drilling apparatus with anti-dropping function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting structure comprises a fixed block one (6) and a fixed block two (63) fixed to the two sides of the top end of the driving block (32), a guide column (61) vertically connected between the fixed block one (6) and the fixed block two (63), a fixed block three (64) fixed to the outer side of the top end of the contact block (31), and a sliding plate (62) connected to one end of the fixed block three (64), the other end of the sliding plate (62) slidably connected to the guide column (61).

5. The directional drilling apparatus with anti-dropping function according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rotating shaft one (7) or a rotating shaft two (74) is vertically arranged in the center of the limiting disc (302), a flexible shaft connected to one end of the top end of the rotating shaft one (7) or the rotating shaft two (74), and the other end of the flexible shaft connected to the top end of the guide column (5).

6. The directional drilling apparatus with anti-dropping function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating shaft one (7) is connected with an intermediate shaft (72) through a transmission belt one (71), the intermediate shaft (72) is connected with a rotating shaft two (74) through a transmission belt two (73), and the intermediate shaft (72) is vertically and transmissionally connected to the contact block (31).

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