Medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device and method

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device and method. A specific embodiment of the method comprises: the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device comprises a distance measuring device, an angle measuring device, a cylindrical hollow channel and a positioning rod; the angle measuring device is connected with the first end of the positioning rod, and the angle measuring device comprises an upper angle measuring disc and a lower angle measuring disc, both of which comprise an angle measuring scale; the positioning rod comprises an inner positioning rod and an outer positioning rod, and the inner positioning rod is nested in the outer positioning rod; the cylindrical hollow channel is located in the inner positioning rod and penetrates the distance measuring device and the angle measuring device. This embodiment improves the accuracy of positioning the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel, improves the recovery effect of the patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after the medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, improves the clinical effect, provides a basis for returning to sports, simplifies the steps of positioning the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel and shortens the time-consuming of positioning the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to the field of medical devices, specifically to a device and method for locating the femoral canal of the medial patellofemoral ligament. Background Technology

[0002] In medial patellofemoral ligament (MTFL) reconstruction surgery, accurate localization of the MTFL femoral canal is crucial for achieving ideal patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory post-surgery, and provides a foundation for good clinical outcomes and return to motor function. Currently, the common methods for locating the MTFL femoral canal include: open incision to determine its position; palpation to locate the medial epicondyle and adductor tubercle, and then determining the position of the MTFL femoral canal based on their relative positions and distances to these anatomical landmarks; and fluoroscopy to determine the position of the MTFL femoral canal using standard lateral fluoroscopy and the positional relationship between the MTFL femoral insertion point and the image's auxiliary lines.

[0003] However, in practice, the following technical problems often arise when locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage using the above methods: When using palpation to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage via anatomical landmarks such as the medial epicondyle and adductor tubercle, the relatively flat surface of the medial epicondyle makes it difficult to accurately determine its location, leading to significant errors in anatomical landmark location and lower accuracy in locating the medial patellofemoral passage. This results in poorer clinical outcomes and a weaker foundation for resuming exercise. Furthermore, when using fluoroscopy to locate the medial patellofemoral passage via standard lateral fluoroscopic images, only by using standard femoral... Lateral fluoroscopic images are necessary for accurate localization of the medial patellofemoral ligament and femoral passage using auxiliary lines. However, obtaining standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur is challenging, as non-standard images can cause abnormal positioning of the auxiliary lines. This results in lower accuracy in locating the medial patellofemoral ligament and femoral passage using these abnormally positioned lines, and the procedure involves numerous steps and is quite cumbersome, leading to a prolonged localization time. When using an open incision approach to determine the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament and femoral passage, the surgical trauma is greater, leading to more severe postoperative pain. It also increases the risk of postoperative scarring of the knee joint, which can cause joint fibrosis, joint adhesions, and impaired postoperative recovery, resulting in a prolonged recovery time.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the inventive concept, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The summary portion of this disclosure is intended to provide a brief overview of the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description portion. This summary portion is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solutions, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solutions.

[0006] Some embodiments of this disclosure provide a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device and method to solve one or more of the technical problems mentioned in the background section above.

[0007] In a first aspect, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device. The device includes: a distance measuring device, an angle measuring device, a cylindrical hollow channel, and a positioning rod. The distance measuring device is connected to the end of the positioning rod. The distance measuring device includes an upper distance measuring arm and a lower distance measuring arm, both of which include a distance measuring scale. The angle measuring device is connected to the head end of the positioning rod. The angle measuring device includes an upper angle measuring disc and a lower angle measuring disc, both of which include an angle measuring scale. The positioning rod includes an inner positioning rod and an outer positioning rod, with the inner positioning rod nested within the outer positioning rod. The cylindrical hollow channel is located within the inner positioning rod and extends through the distance measuring device and the angle measuring device. The cylindrical hollow channel is used to insert Kirschner wires within a predetermined diameter range into the femur. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is used to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0008] Secondly, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for locating the femoral canal of the medial patellofemoral ligament, applied to a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal locating device, wherein the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal locating device is as described in the first aspect. The method includes: performing an access procedure on a knee arthroscope, wherein the knee arthroscope includes a camera assembly; and moving the knee arthroscope so that the imaging area of ​​the knee arthroscope includes a preset area, wherein the preset area... The region is the area of ​​the medial femoral condyle and the femoral insertion point of the medial patellofemoral ligament. The aforementioned imaging area is the area captured by the aforementioned camera assembly. Based on the preset positioning device entry point, the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral arthroscopic positioning device is moved into the imaging area of ​​the aforementioned knee arthroscopy. Based on the real-time preset region image of the aforementioned preset region captured by the aforementioned knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral arthroscopic positioning device is positioned at the second preset marker point displayed in the real-time preset region image, so that the medial patellofemoral ligament... The distance between the positioning point of the femoral femoral canal and the aforementioned second preset marker point is a preset distance, wherein the aforementioned second preset marker point is the apex of the adductor tubercle; rotate the upper lateral angle plate of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device to rotate out the lower measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device; based on the real-time preset area image of the aforementioned preset area captured by the aforementioned knee arthroscopy, position the aforementioned preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device at the real-time preset area image display. The first preset marker is set such that the distance between the positioning point of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the first preset marker is the preset distance, and the first preset marker represents the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle; the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is perpendicular to the femoral cortex; Kirschner wires within the preset diameter range are inserted into the femur through the cylindrical hollow channel; the Kirschner wires within the preset diameter range are left in the femur to locate the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0009] Thirdly, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a joint node marking method, the method comprising: acquiring a real-time preset region image within a preset region, wherein the real-time preset region image is the real-time preset region image as described in the second aspect, and the preset region is the preset region as described in the second aspect; performing image enhancement processing on the real-time preset region image to obtain an image-enhanced real-time preset region image; performing marking processing on the image-enhanced real-time preset region image to obtain a marked real-time preset region image, wherein the marked real-time preset region image displays a first preset marker point and a second preset marker point as described in the second aspect; and determining the marked real-time preset region image as the real-time preset region image.

[0010] Fourthly, some embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including: one or more processors; and a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method described in any of the implementations of the third aspect above.

[0011] Fifthly, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any of the implementations of the third aspect above.

[0012] The various embodiments of this disclosure have the following beneficial effects: The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning device of some embodiments of this disclosure can improve the accuracy of medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning, thereby improving the recovery effect of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, improving clinical outcomes, providing a foundation for resuming sports activities, shortening the time required for medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning, simplifying the steps for positioning the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral femoral passage, reducing the risk of medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning, and shortening postoperative recovery time. It also reduces the possibility of postoperative intra-articular scar formation and the resulting joint adhesion complications. Specifically, the lower accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament (MTFL) femoral femoral passage, the poorer recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and movement trajectory after MTFL reconstruction, the poorer clinical outcomes, and the weaker foundation for resuming sports activities are all due to the numerous steps and time-consuming process involved in locating the MTFL femoral femoral passage. The higher risks associated with locating the MTFL femoral femoral passage, the longer postoperative recovery time, and the greater likelihood of intra-articular scarring and subsequent joint adhesion complications are also due to the following reasons: When using palpation to locate the MTFL femoral femoral passage using anatomical landmarks such as the medial epicondyle and adductor tubercle, the relatively flat surface of the medial epicondyle makes it difficult to accurately determine its location, leading to significant errors in anatomical landmark location and resulting in poor accuracy of the MTFL femoral passage. The accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage is low, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and a weaker foundation for resuming sports activities. When using fluoroscopy to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage through standard lateral fluoroscopic images, only standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur can accurately locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage based on auxiliary lines. However, obtaining standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur is difficult, and non-standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur can cause abnormal positions of the auxiliary lines, resulting in low accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage based on abnormally positioned auxiliary lines. Furthermore, the procedure involves many steps and is relatively cumbersome, leading to a long location time. When using an open incision approach to determine the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage, the surgical trauma is greater, and it is prone to postoperative knee joint scarring, which can lead to joint fibrosis, postoperative joint adhesions, and affect postoperative recovery, resulting in a long postoperative recovery time.Based on this, some embodiments of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device of this disclosure include a distance measuring device, an angle measuring device, a cylindrical hollow channel, and a positioning rod. The angle measuring device is connected to the first end of the positioning rod, and the distance measuring device is connected to the end of the positioning rod. The distance measuring device includes an upper distance measuring arm and a lower distance measuring arm, both of which include a distance measuring scale. The angle measuring device includes an upper angle measuring disk and a lower angle measuring disk, both of which include an angle measuring scale. The positioning rod includes an inner positioning rod and an outer positioning rod, with the inner positioning rod nested within the outer positioning rod. The cylindrical hollow channel is located within the inner positioning rod and extends through the distance measuring device and the angle measuring device. The cylindrical hollow channel is used to insert Kirschner wires within a predetermined diameter range into the femur. Because the medial patellofemoral ligament (MFL) femoral canal is located not through standard lateral fluoroscopic images, but through the aforementioned MFL femoral canal locator, standard lateral femoral fluoroscopic images are not required. This reduces the likelihood of significant location errors due to abnormal auxiliary line positions and simplifies the process of locating the MFL femoral canal, shortening the time required. Furthermore, because the location of the MFL femoral canal is determined by the MFL femoral canal locator rather than through an incision, the likelihood of excessive extra-articular scarring due to an incision approach is reduced, thus decreasing the risk of joint fibrosis. Furthermore, because the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament (MTL) femoral femoral canal localization device includes a distance measuring device and an angle measuring device, the included distance measuring device can improve the accuracy of distance measurement during the localization of the MTL femoral femoral canal, and the included angle measuring device can improve the precision of angle adjustment during the localization of the MTL femoral femoral canal, thereby further improving the accuracy of the localization of the MTL femoral femoral canal. This improves the accuracy of the localized MTL femoral femoral canal, further enhancing the recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after MTL reconstruction, improving clinical outcomes, providing a foundation for resuming sports activities, reducing the risks associated with localizing the MTL femoral femoral canal, and shortening postoperative recovery time. It also reduces the possibility of postoperative intra-articular scar formation and the resulting joint adhesion complications, simplifies the steps for localizing the MTL femoral femoral canal, and shortens the time required for localization. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device according to this disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of some embodiments of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal localization method according to this disclosure;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of some embodiments of the joint node marking method according to this disclosure;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0019] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0020] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this disclosure are used only to distinguish different devices, page modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, page modules or units.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0022] The names of messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of such messages or information.

[0023] This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device according to the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device may include a distance measuring device 3, an angle measuring device 1, a cylindrical hollow channel 4, and a positioning rod 2. The distance measuring device 3 can be connected to the end of the positioning rod 2. The distance measuring device 3 may include an upper distance measuring arm 32 and a lower distance measuring arm 31, both of which may include a distance measuring scale (not shown in the figure). The angle measuring device 1 can be connected to the head end of the positioning rod 2. The angle measuring device 1 may include an upper angle measuring disk 11 and a lower angle measuring disk 12, both of which may include an angle measuring scale. The positioning rod 2 may include an inner positioning rod 21 and an outer positioning rod 22, with the inner positioning rod 21 nested within the outer positioning rod 22. The cylindrical hollow channel 4 may be located within the inner positioning rod 21 and penetrate through the distance measuring device 3 and the angle measuring device 1. The cylindrical hollow channel 4 is used to insert Kirschner wires within a preset diameter range into the femur. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is used to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. The positioning rod 2 is used to maintain the positioning direction and position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device, thereby improving positioning accuracy. The distance measuring device 3 is used to measure the distance between marked points, thereby improving measurement accuracy and the accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. The angle measuring device 1 is used to adjust the angle of the distance measuring device 3, improving the accuracy of the adjusted angle, thereby improving the accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper measuring arm 32 can be connected to the end of the outer positioning rod 22, the lower measuring arm 31 can be connected to the end of the inner positioning rod 21, the upper measuring arm 32 can be located above the lower measuring arm 31, the upper measuring angle disk 11 can be connected to the head end of the inner positioning rod 21, the lower measuring angle disk 12 can be connected to the end of the inner positioning rod 21, and the upper measuring angle disk 11 can be located above the lower measuring angle disk 12.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the cylindrical hollow channel 4 can be 1.1 mm, and the preset diameter range can be 0 mm to 1.0 mm. Therefore, Kirschner wires within the preset diameter range can be inserted into the femur.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the distance measuring scale included in the upper distance measuring arm 32 can be located at the center line of the upper distance measuring arm 32. The distance measuring scale included in the lower distance measuring arm 31 can be located at the center line of the lower distance measuring arm 31. The distance measuring accuracy of the distance measuring scales included in both the upper distance measuring arm 32 and the lower distance measuring arm 31 can be 0.5 mm. The measuring range of both the upper distance measuring arm 32 and the lower distance measuring arm 31 can be 10 mm. The distance measuring starting point of the distance measuring scales included in both the upper distance measuring arm 32 and the lower distance measuring arm 31 can be the internal center of the inner positioning rod 21.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second preset scale line of the upper angle measuring disk 11 and the distance measuring scale line of the lower distance measuring arm 31 can be perpendicularly corresponding. The angle measuring accuracy of both the upper angle measuring disk 11 and the lower angle measuring disk 12 can be 1°. The angle measuring range of both the upper angle measuring disk 11 and the lower angle measuring disk 12 can be 180°. The first preset scale line and the second preset scale line of the upper angle measuring disk 11 are the central symmetry lines of the upper angle measuring disk 11. The first preset scale line can be a 180° scale line, and the second preset scale line can be a 0° scale line.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second preset scale line of the lower measuring angle disk 12 and the measuring scale line of the upper measuring arm 32 can be perpendicularly corresponding. The first preset scale line and the second preset scale line of the lower measuring angle disk 12 are the central symmetry lines of the lower measuring angle disk 12.

[0031] It should be understood that Figure 1 The structures of the ranging device 3, angle measuring device 1, cylindrical hollow channel 4, and positioning rod 2 shown are merely illustrative. The structures of these components can be adjusted according to implementation requirements.

[0032] The various embodiments of this disclosure have the following beneficial effects: The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning device of some embodiments of this disclosure can improve the accuracy of medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning, thereby improving the recovery effect of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, improving clinical outcomes, providing a foundation for resuming sports activities, shortening the time required for medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning, simplifying the steps for positioning the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral femoral passage, reducing the risk of medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral passage positioning, and shortening postoperative recovery time. It also reduces the possibility of postoperative intra-articular scar formation and the resulting joint adhesion complications. Specifically, the lower accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament (MTFL) femoral femoral passage, the poorer recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and movement trajectory after MTFL reconstruction, the poorer clinical outcomes, and the weaker foundation for resuming sports activities are all due to the numerous steps and time-consuming process involved in locating the MTFL femoral femoral passage. The higher risks associated with locating the MTFL femoral femoral passage, the longer postoperative recovery time, and the greater likelihood of intra-articular scarring and subsequent joint adhesion complications are also due to the following reasons: When using palpation to locate the MTFL femoral femoral passage using anatomical landmarks such as the medial epicondyle and adductor tubercle, the relatively flat surface of the medial epicondyle makes it difficult to accurately determine its location, leading to significant errors in anatomical landmark location and resulting in poor accuracy of the MTFL femoral passage. The accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage is low, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and a weaker foundation for resuming sports activities. When using fluoroscopy to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage through standard lateral fluoroscopic images, only standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur can accurately locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage based on auxiliary lines. However, obtaining standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur is difficult, and non-standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur can cause abnormal positions of the auxiliary lines, resulting in low accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage based on abnormally positioned auxiliary lines. Furthermore, the procedure involves many steps and is relatively cumbersome, leading to a long location time. When using an open incision approach to determine the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral passage, the surgical trauma is greater, and it is prone to postoperative knee joint scarring, which can lead to joint fibrosis, postoperative joint adhesions, and affect postoperative recovery, resulting in a long postoperative recovery time.Based on this, some embodiments of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device of this disclosure include a distance measuring device, an angle measuring device, a cylindrical hollow channel, and a positioning rod. The angle measuring device is connected to the first end of the positioning rod, and the distance measuring device is connected to the end of the positioning rod. The distance measuring device includes an upper distance measuring arm and a lower distance measuring arm, both of which include a distance measuring scale. The angle measuring device includes an upper angle measuring disk and a lower angle measuring disk, both of which include an angle measuring scale. The positioning rod includes an inner positioning rod and an outer positioning rod, with the inner positioning rod nested within the outer positioning rod. The cylindrical hollow channel is located within the inner positioning rod and extends through the distance measuring device and the angle measuring device. The cylindrical hollow channel is used to insert Kirschner wires within a predetermined diameter range into the femur. Because the medial patellofemoral ligament (MFL) femoral canal is located not through standard lateral fluoroscopic images, but through the aforementioned MFL femoral canal locator, standard lateral femoral fluoroscopic images are not required. This reduces the likelihood of significant location errors due to abnormal auxiliary line positions and simplifies the process of locating the MFL femoral canal, shortening the time required. Furthermore, because the location of the MFL femoral canal is determined by the MFL femoral canal locator rather than through an incision, the likelihood of excessive extra-articular scarring due to an incision approach is reduced, thus decreasing the risk of joint fibrosis. Furthermore, because the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament (MTL) femoral femoral canal localization device includes a distance measuring device and an angle measuring device, the included distance measuring device can improve the accuracy of distance measurement during the localization of the MTL femoral femoral canal, and the included angle measuring device can improve the precision of angle adjustment during the localization of the MTL femoral femoral canal, thereby further improving the accuracy of the localization of the MTL femoral femoral canal. This improves the accuracy of the localized MTL femoral femoral canal, further enhancing the recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after MTL reconstruction, improving clinical outcomes, providing a foundation for resuming sports activities, reducing the risks associated with localizing the MTL femoral femoral canal, and shortening postoperative recovery time. It also reduces the possibility of postoperative intra-articular scar formation and the resulting joint adhesion complications, simplifies the steps for localizing the MTL femoral femoral canal, and shortens the time required for localization.

[0033] Further reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart 200 is shown illustrating some embodiments of a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal localization method according to this disclosure. This medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal localization method includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 201: Prepare the approach for the knee arthroscopy.

[0035] In some embodiments, the knee arthroscopy can be accessed via a camera assembly. This camera assembly can be used to capture images of the interior of the knee joint. In practice, the knee arthroscopy can be accessed via conventional anteromedial and anterolateral arthroscopic approaches along both sides of the patellar tendon.

[0036] Step 202: Move the knee arthroscopy so that the imaging area of ​​the knee arthroscopy includes the preset area.

[0037] In some embodiments, the knee arthroscopy can be moved to include a preset region in its imaging area. This preset region is the medial femoral condyle and the femoral insertion region of the medial patellofemoral ligament. The imaging area is the region captured by the camera assembly. This preset region may include the posterior edge of the medial condyle, the apex of the adductor tubercle, and the femoral canal of the medial patellofemoral ligament. In practice, the knee arthroscopy can be moved based on real-time images captured by the camera assembly displayed on a display device connected to the knee arthroscopy to include the preset region in its imaging area. The display device can be a device for displaying real-time images captured by the camera assembly in the knee arthroscopy. For example, the display device can be a monitor. Thus, the area captured by the knee arthroscopy can include the medial femoral condyle and the femoral insertion region of the medial patellofemoral ligament, which can be used to locate the femoral canal of the medial patellofemoral ligament.

[0038] Step 203: According to the preset positioning device entry point, move the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device to the imaging area of ​​the knee arthroscopy.

[0039] In some embodiments, the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device can be moved into the imaging area of ​​the knee arthroscopy according to a preset positioning device entry point. The preset positioning device entry point can be the entry point of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device. The distance between the preset positioning device entry point and the first preset point is equal to the distance between the first and second preset points. The first preset point is located at the upper third of the medial border of the patella. The second preset point is located 10 mm below the adductor tubercle of the femur. The preset positioning device entry point is parallel to the first preset point. In practice, the ranging device of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device can be inserted through the determined preset positioning device entry point. Then, based on the real-time image captured by the camera component displayed on the display device connected to the knee arthroscopy, the ranging device of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device can be moved into the imaging area of ​​the knee arthroscopy. Therefore, the display device connected to the aforementioned knee arthroscopy can display the ranging device of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device, which can be used to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0040] Step 204: Based on the real-time preset area image of the preset area captured by the knee arthroscopy, position the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device at the second preset mark point displayed in the real-time preset area image.

[0041] In some embodiments, based on the real-time preset region image of the preset region captured by the knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be positioned at a second preset marker point displayed in the real-time preset region image, so that the distance between the positioning point of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the second preset marker point is a preset distance. The second preset marker point is the apex of the adductor tubercle. The preset scale point can be an 8mm scale point on the measuring scale of the upper measuring arm. The preset distance can be 8mm. The real-time preset region image can be the image of the preset region captured by the knee arthroscopy. In practice, based on the real-time preset region image of the preset region displayed on the display device connected to the knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be placed at the position corresponding to the second preset marker point displayed in the real-time preset region image. This ensures that the distance between the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the second preset marker point is 8mm. It should be noted that the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be seen in the real-time preset area image. Therefore, referring to the real-time preset area image of the preset area displayed on the display device connected to the aforementioned knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be moved to the position of the aforementioned second preset mark point displayed in the corresponding real-time preset area image. This positions the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device at the aforementioned second preset mark point.

[0042] Optionally, the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle can be marked using a joint node marking tool based on a real-time image of a preset region captured by knee arthroscopy. For example, the joint node marking tool could be a plasma radiofrequency ablation tool.

[0043] Step 205: Rotate the upper lateral angle plate of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device to rotate out the lower lateral arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device.

[0044] In some embodiments, the upper lateral disc of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral femoral canal positioning device can be rotated to extend the lower lateral measuring arm of the device. This allows for the measurement of the distance between articular nodes using the extended lower lateral measuring arm.

[0045] Step 206: Based on the real-time preset area image of the preset area captured by the knee arthroscopy, position the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device at the first preset mark point displayed in the real-time preset area image.

[0046] In some embodiments, based on the real-time preset region image of the preset region captured by the knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be positioned at a first preset marker point displayed in the real-time preset region image. This ensures that the distance between the positioning point of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the first preset marker point is the preset distance. The first preset marker point represents the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle. In practice, based on the real-time preset region image of the preset region displayed on the display device connected to the knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be placed at the first preset marker point. Thus, the distance between the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the first preset marker point can be determined to be 8 mm. It should be noted that the real-time preset area image displays the position of the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device. Therefore, referring to the real-time preset area image of the preset area displayed on the display device connected to the aforementioned knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be moved to the position of the first preset mark point displayed in the corresponding real-time preset area image. This positions the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device at the first preset mark point. The real-time preset area image is updated in real-time, and the first and second preset mark points marked in the real-time preset area image are also marked in real-time. Furthermore, the positions of the preset scale points of the upper measuring arm and the lower measuring arm of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device after movement are also updated in real-time in the real-time preset area image. Therefore, by referring to the first and second preset marker points marked in the real-time preset area image, the position of the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be moved to locate the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0047] Step 207: Position the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device perpendicular to the femoral cortex.

[0048] In some embodiments, the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be positioned perpendicular to the femoral cortex. This allows the Kirschner wires in the device to be vertically inserted into the positioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0049] Step 208: Insert Kirschner wires within a preset diameter range into the femur through a cylindrical hollow channel.

[0050] In some embodiments, Kirschner wires within a predetermined diameter range can be inserted into the femur through the aforementioned cylindrical hollow channel. This allows for the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0051] Step 209: Leave a Kirschner wire within a preset diameter range inside the femur to locate the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal.

[0052] In some embodiments, Kirschner wires within the aforementioned preset diameter range can be left embedded in the femur to locate the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. Thus, the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal can be accurately marked using the embedded Kirschner wires.

[0053] Optionally, after step 209, the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be removed first.

[0054] Then, based on the Kirschner wires within the aforementioned preset diameter range and a hollow drill matching the graft diameter, a hole is drilled in the femoral canal of the medial patellofemoral ligament. In practice, firstly, a matching hollow drill can be selected according to the graft diameter. Then, the hollow drill is placed over the Kirschner wires to drill a hole, thereby obtaining a hole matching the graft diameter.

[0055] The various embodiments of this disclosure have the following beneficial effects: The medial patellofemoral ligament (MTL) femoral femoral passage localization method of some embodiments of this disclosure can improve the accuracy of locating the MTL femoral femoral passage, enhance the recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after MTL reconstruction, improve clinical outcomes, and provide a foundation for resuming sports activities. It also shortens the time required for locating the MTL femoral femoral passage and simplifies the steps involved, reducing the risks associated with locating the MTL femoral femoral passage and shortening postoperative recovery time. Furthermore, it reduces the likelihood of postoperative intra-articular scar formation and the resulting joint adhesion complications. Specifically, the lower accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament (MTL) femoral femoral passage, the poorer recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and movement trajectory after lateral patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, the poorer clinical outcomes, and the weaker foundation for resuming movement are all due to the numerous steps and time-consuming process involved in locating the MTL femoral femoral passage, the higher risks involved, and the longer postoperative recovery time. This is because when using palpation to locate the MTL femoral femoral passage via anatomical landmarks such as the medial epicondyle and adductor tubercle, the relatively flat surface of the medial epicondyle makes it difficult to accurately determine its location, leading to significant errors in anatomical landmark location and thus lower accuracy in locating the MTL femoral passage based on these landmarks, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. The results are poor, and the foundation for returning to sports is also poor. When using fluoroscopy to locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal through standard lateral fluoroscopic images, only standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur can accurately locate the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal based on auxiliary lines. However, obtaining standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur is difficult, and non-standard lateral fluoroscopic images of the femur can cause abnormal positions of the auxiliary lines, resulting in lower accuracy in locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal based on abnormally positioned auxiliary lines. In addition, the operation steps are numerous and the operation method is cumbersome, resulting in a long positioning time. When using an open incision approach to determine the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal, the open incision approach has greater surgical trauma and is prone to postoperative knee joint scar formation, which can lead to joint fibrosis, postoperative joint adhesion, and affect postoperative recovery, resulting in a long postoperative recovery time and greater risks. Based on this, some embodiments of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal location method of this disclosure are presented. First, an approach is made to the knee arthroscopy, which includes a camera assembly. This allows for the location of the patellofemoral ligament and femoral canal via the arthroscopy, and enables imaging of the internal structure of the knee joint. Then, the arthroscopy is moved so that its imaging area encompasses a predetermined region.The aforementioned preset area refers to the medial femoral condyle and the femoral insertion region of the medial patellofemoral ligament, while the aforementioned imaging area is the area captured by the aforementioned camera component. Therefore, the preset area of ​​the medial femoral condyle and the femoral insertion region of the medial patellofemoral ligament can be captured by the knee arthroscopy and can be used to display an image of the preset area. Subsequently, according to the preset positioning device entry point, the aforementioned medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is moved into the imaging area of ​​the knee arthroscopy. Thus, the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device can be accessed through the aforementioned preset positioning device entry point, thereby locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. Secondly, based on the real-time preset area image of the preset area captured by the knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the upper measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is positioned at the second preset marker point displayed in the real-time preset area image, so that the distance between the positioning point of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the second preset marker point is a preset distance, wherein the second preset marker point is the apex of the adductor tubercle. Thus, the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal can be located by the distance between the second preset marker point and the medial patellofemoral canal. Afterwards, the upper measuring angle plate of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is rotated so that the lower measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is extended. Thus, the distance between nodes can be measured by the extended lower measuring arm. Secondly, based on the real-time preset region image of the preset region captured by the knee arthroscopy, the preset scale point of the lower measuring arm of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is positioned at the first preset marker point displayed in the real-time preset region image. The distance between the positioning point of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal and the first preset marker point is set to the preset distance, where the first preset marker point represents the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle. Thus, the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal can be located by the distance between the first preset marker point and the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. Then, the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device is positioned perpendicular to the femoral cortex. This allows for the insertion of Kirschner wires. Subsequently, Kirschner wires within the preset diameter range are inserted into the femur through the cylindrical hollow channel. Finally, the Kirschner wires within the preset diameter range are left in place within the femur to locate the position of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. This allows us to determine the location of the femoral canal of the medial patellofemoral ligament.Because the lateral patellofemoral ligament femoral canal is located not through anatomical landmarks of the medial epicondyle and adductor tubercle, but through anatomical landmarks of the "posterior edge" and "apex of the adductor tubercle" of the posterior border of the medial femoral condyle, and specifically through arthroscopic location of the "posterior edge" and "apex of the adductor tubercle" of the posterior border of the medial femoral condyle, and by using a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal locator to determine the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal based on the distance relationship between the "posterior edge" and "apex of the adductor tubercle" of the posterior border of the medial femoral condyle and the medial patellofemoral canal, rather than through palpation, the accuracy of locating the "posterior edge" and "apex of the adductor tubercle" of the posterior border of the medial femoral condyle is improved, as is the accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal. Furthermore, because the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal is not located using standard lateral fluoroscopic images, it is unnecessary to obtain standard femoral lateral fluoroscopic images. This reduces the possibility of significant positioning errors due to abnormal auxiliary line positions and simplifies the steps involved in locating the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal, shortening the time required for this procedure. Also, because the location of the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal is determined not by an open incision but by arthroscopy and a medial patellofemoral ligament femoral canal positioning device, it reduces the likelihood of extra-articular scarring caused by open incisions and decreases the risk of joint fibrosis. This improves the accuracy of locating the medial patellofemoral ligament (MTFL) femoral passage, enhances the recovery of patellofemoral joint biomechanics and motion trajectory after MTFL reconstruction, improves clinical outcomes, provides a foundation for resuming athletic activity, reduces the risks associated with locating the MTFL femoral passage, and shortens postoperative recovery time. It also reduces the likelihood of postoperative intra-articular scarring and related joint adhesions, simplifies the MTFL femoral passage location process, and shortens the time required for locating the MTFL femoral passage.

[0056] Further reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 A flow 300 of some embodiments of a joint node marking method according to the present disclosure is shown. The joint node marking method includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 301: Obtain a real-time image of the preset area within the preset area.

[0058] In some embodiments, a real-time preset region image can be acquired within a preset region. This real-time preset region image can be, for example,... Figure 2 The corresponding embodiment describes a real-time preset region image. The preset region can be, for example,... Figure 2The preset region is described in the corresponding embodiment. In practice, the entity executing the above-described joint node marking method (e.g., a computing device) can acquire real-time images of the preset region from the camera included in the knee arthroscopy.

[0059] Step 302: Perform image enhancement processing on the real-time preset area image to obtain the real-time preset area image after image enhancement processing.

[0060] In some embodiments, image enhancement processing is performed on the real-time preset region image to obtain an enhanced real-time preset region image. In practice, the aforementioned execution entity can perform image enhancement processing on the real-time preset region image in various ways to obtain the enhanced real-time preset region image.

[0061] However, in practice, it has been found that when identifying and locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using the real-time preset region image obtained according to this disclosure, the following technical problems often arise:

[0062] When directly identifying and locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle from arthroscopic images, no image processing is performed on the arthroscopic images. When the acquired images have low brightness and low clarity, the accuracy of locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle is low. Consequently, the accuracy of locating the femoral canal of the medial patellar ligament based on the less accurate apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle is also low.

[0063] In response to the aforementioned technical problems, the following solution was adopted:

[0064] In some optional implementations of certain embodiments, the aforementioned execution entity may perform image enhancement processing on the real-time preset region image through the following steps to obtain the image-enhanced real-time preset region image:

[0065] The first step involves normalizing the image channel information of the real-time preset area image to obtain normalized image channel information as the changed image channel information. Each of these image channel information represents the R-channel, G-channel, and B-channel values ​​of each pixel in the real-time preset area image. Similarly, the changed image channel information represents the normalized R-channel, G-channel, and B-channel values ​​of each pixel. In practice, for the image channel information of each pixel in the real-time preset area image, the executing entity can divide the R-channel, G-channel, and B-channel values ​​represented by the image channel information by a preset value to normalize the image channel information and obtain the changed image channel information. For example, the preset value can be 255.

[0066] The second step involves generating guide image information for the corresponding real-time preset region image based on the aforementioned changed image channel information. This guide image information represents the guide image for the corresponding real-time preset region image. In practice, firstly, for each changed image channel information, the executing entity can invert the maximum value among the R, G, and B channel values ​​included in the changed image channel information to obtain updated changed image channel information. Then, the updated changed image channel information is used to replace the aforementioned changed image channel information to update the real-time preset region image. Finally, the updated real-time preset region image is determined as the guide image information.

[0067] The third step involves feature extraction from the real-time preset region image to obtain the corresponding feature information. This feature information includes various feature maps and shallow features. In practice, for the real-time preset region image, firstly, the execution entity can downsample the image using an average downsampling method to obtain a first downsampled image. Then, a convolutional layer is used to extract features from the first downsampled image to obtain first shallow features. Next, an average downsampling method is used to downsample the first downsampled image to obtain a second downsampled image. Secondly, a convolutional layer is used to extract features from the second downsampled image to obtain second shallow features. Then, an average downsampling method is used to downsample the second downsampled image to obtain a third downsampled image. Next, a convolutional layer is used to extract features from the third downsampled image to obtain third shallow features. Finally, the obtained first downsampled feature map, second downsampled feature map, third downsampled feature map, first shallow features, second shallow features, and third shallow features are determined as the feature information corresponding to the preset region image. Specifically, the first downsampled feature map can represent the real-time preset region image after downsampling. The second downsampled feature map can represent the first downsampled feature map after downsampling. The third downsampled feature map can represent the second downsampled feature map after downsampling. The first shallow feature can represent the features of the first downsampled image. The second shallow feature can represent the features of the second downsampled image, and the third shallow feature can represent the features of the third downsampled image.

[0068] The fourth step involves stitching the generated guide map information and the real-time preset region image together to obtain a fused image. This fused image can be an image representing features from both the guide map information and the real-time preset region image. In practice, the executing entity can use a region-based stitching algorithm to stitch the generated guide map information and the real-time preset region image together to obtain the fused image.

[0069] The fifth step involves inputting the obtained fused image information into the encoding layer of a pre-trained image enhancement model, and inputting each of the obtained shallow features into the scale feature extraction layers corresponding to the scale feature extraction layers in the encoding layer, to obtain a fused feature map of the corresponding fused image information. Here, each of the shallow features corresponds to a scale feature extraction layer in the scale feature extraction layers. The image enhancement model can be an improved version of a fully convolutional neural network model. Alternatively, it can be a U-Net model. The encoding layer can include one convolutional layer and four multi-scale feature extraction layers. Each of the four multi-scale feature extraction layers can include a jump link. The fused feature map can represent the fused image information and the feature maps of the shallow features. Each of the four multi-scale feature extraction layers can include a convolutional module and a channel attention residual module. In practice, the aforementioned execution entity can input the obtained fused image information into the encoding layer of a pre-trained image enhancement processing model, and input the first shallow features into the second multi-scale feature extraction layer, the second shallow features into the third multi-scale feature extraction layer, and the third shallow features into the fourth multi-scale feature extraction layer, thereby obtaining the fused feature map of the corresponding fused image information.

[0070] The sixth step involves inputting the obtained fused feature map into the decoding layer of the image enhancement processing model described above, thereby obtaining the decoded image information corresponding to the fused feature map. This decoded image information can represent the real-time preset region image after decoding processing. The decoding layer can include four multi-scale feature decoding layers and convolutional layers. The multi-scale feature decoding layers can include deconvolution modules and channel attention residual modules.

[0071] Step 7: Multiply the aforementioned guide image information and the aforementioned decoded image information to obtain the modified image information. The modified image information can represent an image that integrates the features of the aforementioned guide image information and the aforementioned decoded image information. In practice, the executing entity can perform pixel-by-pixel multiplication of the pixels in the aforementioned guide image information and the pixels in the aforementioned decoded image information to obtain the modified image information.

[0072] Step 8: Add the modified image information to the feature map of the corresponding real-time preset region image to obtain enhanced image information. This enhanced image information represents the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing. In practice, the executing entity can perform pixel-by-pixel addition between the pixels in the modified image information and the pixels in the real-time preset region image to obtain the enhanced image information.

[0073] The ninth step is to determine the obtained enhanced image information as the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing. Thus, the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing can be obtained.

[0074] The above-described technical solution, as an inventive point of this disclosure, solves the technical problem of: "When directly identifying and locating the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle from arthroscopic images, without image processing, the acquired images suffer from low brightness and low clarity, resulting in low accuracy in locating the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle. This leads to low accuracy in locating the medial patellar ligament femoral canal based on the less accurate adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle." Factors contributing to low accuracy in locating the medial patellar ligament femoral canal often include: the lack of image processing when directly identifying and locating the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle from arthroscopic images, resulting in low brightness and low clarity in the acquired images. If the above factors are addressed, the accuracy of locating the medial patellar ligament femoral femoral passage can be improved, as can the accuracy of locating the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial condyle of the knee. To achieve this effect, this disclosure first uses an image enhancement processing model to enhance the image acquired by arthroscopy when locating the medial patellar ligament femoral femoral passage, thereby improving the clarity of the acquired image. Then, the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial condyle of the knee are identified from the image enhancement processed image, thereby improving the accuracy of locating the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial condyle of the knee, and thus improving the accuracy of locating the medial patellar ligament femoral femoral passage.

[0075] Step 303: Mark the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing to obtain the marked real-time preset region image.

[0076] In some embodiments, the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing can be labeled to obtain a labeled real-time preset region image. The labeled real-time preset region image displays, for example... Figure 2 The first preset marker point and the second preset marker point are described in the corresponding embodiments.

[0077] However, in practice, it has been found that when marking joint nodes using the commonly used invasive tool of plasma radiofrequency ablation, the following technical problems often arise:

[0078] When locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle using arthroscopy, it is necessary to first locate the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle, and then mark the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle using an invasive tool such as a plasma radiofrequency ablation device. This process involves many steps and is time-consuming, causing unnecessary tissue trauma.

[0079] Faced with the above technical problems, the following solution can be adopted:

[0080] In some optional implementations of certain embodiments, the aforementioned execution entity may perform marking processing on the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing through the following steps to obtain a first preset marker point and a second preset marker point:

[0081] The first step involves inputting the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing into a preset node region detection model to obtain the node region information of the corresponding real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing. This node region information includes node region information representing a first preset marker point and node region information representing a second preset marker point. This node region information can represent the pixel information within the region where either the first or second preset marker point is located. The pixel information can represent each individual pixel.

[0082] The second step is to perform the following steps for each node region information in the above-mentioned node region information:

[0083] The first sub-step involves determining the pixel coordinates of each pixel in the node region information based on the pixel information represented by the aforementioned node region information. The pixel coordinates in the aforementioned pixel region information correspond to the pixel information in the aforementioned pixel point information. The pixel coordinates in the aforementioned pixel region information can represent the coordinates of a pixel. In practice, the executing entity can scan the pixels in the aforementioned node region information using an image scanning algorithm to obtain the pixel coordinates of each pixel in the aforementioned node region information.

[0084] The second sub-step involves obtaining the pixel value information corresponding to each pixel coordinate in the aforementioned pixel coordinate information. The pixel value information corresponds to the pixel coordinate information in the aforementioned pixel coordinate information. The pixel value information can represent RGB pixel values. In practice, the execution entity can use a pixel value acquisition method to obtain the pixel value information corresponding to each pixel coordinate in the aforementioned pixel coordinate information. For example, the pixel value acquisition method can be the Image.getpixel() method.

[0085] The third sub-step involves modifying the aforementioned pixel value information to obtain modified pixel value information. These modified pixel value information represent the pixel values ​​after the modification. In practice, the executing entity can replace the pixel values ​​in the aforementioned pixel value information with preset pixel values ​​to modify the pixel value information. For example, the preset pixel values ​​could be the pixel values ​​representing black: (0, 0, 0).

[0086] The fourth sub-step involves updating the node region information based on the aforementioned changed pixel values ​​to obtain the updated node region information. In practice, the executing entity can change the pixel values ​​included in the node region information to the aforementioned changed pixel values ​​to update the node region information and obtain the updated node region information.

[0087] The fifth sub-step involves determining the region representing the first preset marker point based on the aforementioned node region information, and then defining the updated node region information as the first preset marker point. Thus, the first preset marker point can be obtained.

[0088] The sixth sub-step involves determining the region representing the second preset marker point based on the aforementioned node region information, and then defining the updated node region information as the second preset marker point. Thus, the second preset marker point can be obtained.

[0089] The third step involves updating the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing based on the obtained first and second preset marker points. The updated real-time preset region image displays the first and second preset marker points. In practice, the executing entity can display the first and second preset marker points within the real-time preset region image to update the image after image enhancement processing.

[0090] Step 304: Determine the real-time preset region image after the marking process as the real-time preset region image.

[0091] In some embodiments, the real-time preset region image after marking processing can be determined as the real-time preset region image. Therefore, the real-time preset region image after marking processing includes a first preset marker point and a second preset marker point.

[0092] The above-described technical solution, as an inventive point of this disclosure, solves the technical problem that "when locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using arthroscopy, it is first necessary to locate the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle, and then to mark the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using an invasive plasma radiofrequency ablation tool, resulting in unnecessary tissue trauma and numerous and time-consuming steps in marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle." The factors that lead to unnecessary tissue trauma and numerous and time-consuming steps in marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle are often as follows: first, locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using arthroscopy, and then marking them using a plasma radiofrequency ablation tool. If the above factors are resolved, the steps of marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle can be simplified and the time consumption can be reduced. To achieve this effect, in locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle, this disclosure first obtains an image containing the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle through arthroscopy, then enhances the image to improve its clarity, and then identifies the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle in the image. Then, based on the pixels corresponding to the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle in the identified region, the pixel values ​​of the corresponding pixels are changed to mark the posterior edge region of the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle. This allows for marking the posterior edge region of the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle in the image, instead of searching for the posterior edge region of the adductor tubercle apex and the invasive marking with a plasma radiofrequency ablation device. This simplifies the steps of marking the posterior edge region of the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge of the medial femoral condyle, avoids unnecessary tissue damage, and shortens the operation time.

[0093] The various embodiments of this disclosure have the following beneficial effects: the joint node marking methods of some embodiments of this disclosure can improve the accuracy of joint node marking, simplify the steps of marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle, and avoid unnecessary tissue damage and shorten surgical time. Specifically, the reason why the accuracy of joint nodes marked in the image is low due to the numerous and time-consuming steps involved in marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using arthroscopy is that when locating the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using arthroscopy, it is first necessary to find the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle, and then it is necessary to mark the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle using a plasma radiofrequency ablation tool, resulting in unnecessary tissue damage and numerous and time-consuming steps in marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle. Based on this, some embodiments of the joint node marking method disclosed herein firstly acquire a real-time preset region image within a preset region. The aforementioned real-time preset region image is as follows: Figure 2 The corresponding embodiment describes a real-time preset region image, where the preset region is as follows: Figure 2 The corresponding embodiment describes a preset region. This region can be used to mark a first preset marker point and a second preset marker point. Then, image enhancement processing is performed on the real-time preset region image to obtain an enhanced real-time preset region image. This improves the clarity of the obtained real-time preset region image and enhances the accuracy of the marked joints. Afterwards, marking processing is performed on the enhanced real-time preset region image to obtain a marked real-time preset region image. The marked real-time preset region image displays, as shown... Figure 2The corresponding embodiments describe the first and second preset marker points. Thus, the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle can be marked in the aforementioned real-time preset region image. Finally, the marked real-time preset region image is determined as the real-time preset region image. Therefore, the acquired real-time preset region image can be updated, thereby displaying the real-time preset region image with the first and second preset marker points. Because the marking of the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle is not based on the invasive plasma radiofrequency ablation tool, but rather on the acquired real-time preset region image, image enhancement processing is performed on the acquired real-time preset region image, and then the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle are marked in the image-enhanced real-time preset region image, therefore, the real-time preset region image can directly display the adductor tubercle apex and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle. Furthermore, because the joint nodes are marked based on the acquired real-time preset region image, the marking is performed using the real-time preset region image after image enhancement processing, thereby further improving the accuracy of the marked joint nodes. This improves the accuracy of the marked joint nodes, simplifies the steps of marking the apex of the adductor tubercle and the posterior edge region of the medial femoral condyle, avoids unnecessary tissue damage, and shortens the operation time.

[0094] It should be noted that, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In some embodiments of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In some embodiments of this disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium can be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical fibers, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0095] In some implementations, clients and servers can communicate using any currently known or future-developed network protocol such as HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and can interconnect with digital data communication (e.g., communication networks) of any form or medium. Examples of communication networks include local area networks (“LANs”), wide area networks (“WANs”), the Internet (e.g., the Internet of Things), and peer-to-peer networks (e.g., ad hoc peer-to-peer networks), as well as any currently known or future-developed networks.

[0096] The aforementioned computer-readable medium may be included in the aforementioned electronic device; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device. The aforementioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs that, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to: acquire a real-time preset area image within a preset area, wherein the real-time preset area image is as follows: Figure 2The corresponding embodiment describes a real-time preset region image, where the preset region is as follows: Figure 2 The corresponding embodiment describes a preset region; image enhancement processing is performed on the real-time preset region image to obtain an enhanced real-time preset region image; the enhanced real-time preset region image is then marked to obtain a marked real-time preset region image, wherein the marked real-time preset region image displays as shown in the example. Figure 2 The first preset marker point and the second preset marker point described in the corresponding embodiment; the real-time preset region image after the marker processing is determined as the real-time preset region image.

[0097] Computer program code for performing operations of some embodiments of this disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0098] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0099] The functions described above in this document can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used, without limitation, include: field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-a-chip (SoCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0100] The above description is merely a selection of preferred embodiments of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device, characterized in that, The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device comprises a distance measuring device, an angle measuring device, a cylindrical hollow channel and a positioning rod, wherein, the distance measuring device is connected with the tail end of the positioning rod, the distance measuring device comprises an upper distance measuring arm and a lower distance measuring arm, and the upper distance measuring arm and the lower distance measuring arm each comprise a distance measuring scale; the angle measuring device is connected with the head end of the positioning rod, the angle measuring device comprises an upper angle measuring disc and a lower angle measuring disc, and the upper angle measuring disc and the lower angle measuring disc each comprise an angle measuring scale; the positioning rod comprises an inner positioning rod and an outer positioning rod, and the inner positioning rod is nested in the outer positioning rod; the cylindrical hollow channel is located in the inner positioning rod and penetrates through the distance measuring device and the angle measuring device, wherein the cylindrical hollow channel is used for inserting a Kirschner wire with a preset diameter range into the femur, and the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device is used for positioning the medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel.

2. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device according to claim 1, wherein, the upper distance measuring arm is connected with the tail end of the outer positioning rod, the lower distance measuring arm is connected with the tail end of the inner positioning rod, the upper distance measuring arm is located above the lower distance measuring arm, the upper angle measuring disc is connected with the head end of the inner positioning rod, and the lower angle measuring disc is connected with the tail end of the inner positioning rod.

3. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device according to claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the cylindrical hollow channel is 1.1 mm, and the preset diameter range is 0 mm-1.0 mm.

4. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device according to claim 1, wherein, The distance measuring scale included in the upper distance measuring arm is located at the middle line position of the upper distance measuring arm, the distance measuring scale included in the lower distance measuring arm is located at the middle line position of the lower distance measuring arm, the distance measuring accuracy of the distance measuring scales included in the upper distance measuring arm and the lower distance measuring arm is 0.5 mm, the range of the upper distance measuring arm and the lower distance measuring arm is 10 mm, and the distance measuring starting points of the distance measuring scales included in the upper distance measuring arm and the lower distance measuring arm are the internal centers of the inner positioning rod.

5. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device according to claim 1, wherein, The second preset scale line of the upper angle measuring disc vertically corresponds to the distance measuring scale line of the lower distance measuring arm, the angle measuring accuracy of the upper angle measuring disc and the lower angle measuring disc is 1°, the angle measuring range of the upper angle measuring disc and the lower angle measuring disc is 180°, the first preset scale line of the upper angle measuring disc is a center symmetric line of the second preset scale line of the upper angle measuring disc, wherein the first preset scale line is a 180° scale line, and the second preset scale line is a 0° scale line.

6. The medial patellofemoral ligament femoral tunnel positioning device according to claim 5, wherein, The second preset scale line of the lower angle measuring disc vertically corresponds to the distance measuring scale line of the upper distance measuring arm, and the first preset scale line of the lower angle measuring disc is a center symmetric line of the second preset scale line of the lower angle measuring disc.

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