A wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of electrical porcelain insulators. The method includes the following steps: S1, adding graphene oxide and a surfactant to deionized water, stirring, ultrasonically dispersing for 10-12 hours, centrifuging, collecting the precipitate, and drying to obtain modified graphene oxide; the surfactant modifies the graphene oxide to improve its water dispersibility, allowing it to be uniformly dispersed in water without easily agglomerating or precipitating; S2, thoroughly mixing dried potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolin, quartz powder, calcined talc, ball clay, barium titanate, modified graphene oxide, and a dispersant by weight to obtain a mixture; S3, adding the mixture to a ball mill for ball milling, iron removal, and aging to obtain the wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze. The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze provided by this invention has excellent wear resistance, and the preparation method is simple and easy to operate, showing good application and promotion prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrical porcelain insulator technology, specifically relating to a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical porcelain is a type of industrial ceramic, primarily referring to insulating ceramics used in power industry systems. This includes various line insulators and power station electrical insulators, as well as other insulating ceramics used for isolating or supporting live parts. As a crucial component of the power industry, electrical porcelain has high requirements for its mechanical, electrical, and environmental resistance (resistance to heat, cold, pollution, and aging). The glaze on the surface of electrical porcelain has a decisive influence on its electrical insulation, chemical stability, and mechanical strength. Since electrical porcelain blanks have a certain porosity, damage to the glaze layer allows water containing impurities to enter the pores, significantly reducing the insulation of the entire component, deteriorating its environmental resistance, and decreasing its mechanical strength.

[0003] Currently, the most widely used electrical porcelain glaze is feldspar glaze, an alkaline aluminosilicate composition, a typical raw material glaze, available in white and brown varieties, whose performance meets the needs of most applications. However, with technological advancements, power transmission projects have extended into windy and sandy desert areas. my country's West-to-East Power Transmission Project traverses such regions. In this harsh environment of strong winds and sandstorms, ordinary electrical porcelain glazes are quickly worn away. Once the glaze layer is damaged, the insulation of the porcelain is greatly reduced, increasing transmission losses and creating a risk of leakage. The consequences are even more severe for emerging ultra-high-voltage power transmission. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the wear resistance of electrical porcelain glazes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze and its preparation method, so as to improve the wear resistance of the glaze layer on the surface of electrical porcelain.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for preparing a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Add graphene oxide and surfactant to deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 10-12 hours, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide; use surfactant to modify graphene oxide to improve the water dispersibility of graphene oxide, so that it can be uniformly dispersed in water and is not easy to aggregate or precipitate.

[0008] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix the dried potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolin, quartz powder, calcined talc, ball clay, barium titanate, modified graphene oxide and dispersant to obtain a mixture.

[0009] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 into a ball mill for ball milling, iron removal, and aging to obtain wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze.

[0010] Furthermore, the ratio of graphene oxide, surfactant, and deionized water in S1 is 0.2-0.3g: 0.12-0.15g: 150mL.

[0011] Furthermore, the surfactant is one of polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, and sodium cholate.

[0012] Furthermore, the weight ratio of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolin, quartz powder, calcined talc, ball clay, barium titanate, modified graphene oxide, and dispersant is 30-45:6-10:20-25:15-25:6-8:6-10:3-6:1-3:0.1-1.

[0013] Furthermore, the dispersant is at least one of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium humate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water glass.

[0014] Furthermore, during the ball milling process, the ratio of the mixture, water, and balls used is 1:1.4-1.5:0.7-1.

[0015] Furthermore, the ball milling time is 8-14 hours, and the ball milling speed is 300-400 r / min.

[0016] Furthermore, the graphene oxide was prepared using the Hummers method.

[0017] A wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze provided by this invention is prepared by ball milling a mixture of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolin, quartz powder, calcined talc, ball clay, barium titanate, modified graphene oxide, and a dispersant with water. The addition of modified graphene oxide to the raw materials enhances the wear resistance of the glaze. The abundant oxygen-containing functional groups (-COOH, -C=O, -C-OH) on the carbon planes of the graphene oxide sheets coordinate with the metal cations in the glaze, strengthening the glass network structure of the glaze surface, increasing density, reducing porosity, and improving hardness and wear resistance. It also increases the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze, hindering crystal precipitation. This further improves the quality of insulator porcelain and other products, extending their service life. Furthermore, the preparation method provided by this invention is simple, convenient to operate, and has broad application prospects.

[0020] This invention reduces the surface energy of ceramic glaze powder by adding a dispersant to the raw materials, achieving a uniform dispersion effect. In a ceramic glaze system with good dispersibility, the gaps between particles are also smaller, making the sintered ceramic glaze surface smoother and more delicate than traditional ceramic glaze surfaces, and also with better heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The graphene oxide used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention was prepared by the Hummers method, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0023] 0.3 g of graphene was added to 2.4 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid and stirred for 0.5 h. Then, 0.5 g of sodium nitrate was added, the temperature was raised to 80 °C, and stirring was continued for 5 h. 12 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid was added, and the temperature was controlled below 5 °C. 1.5 g of potassium permanganate was slowly added, the temperature was raised to 35 °C, and stirring was continued for 2 h. Then, 70 mL of deionized water and 2 mL of H2O2 (mass fraction 30%) were added. The mixture was centrifuged and washed successively with 5% HCl and deionized water until the pH reached 7. Finally, it was dried at 60 °C for 65 h to obtain graphene oxide.

[0024] The potassium feldspar and sodium feldspar used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention were purchased from Shanghai Xiekang New Material Technology Co., Ltd., 325 mesh; the quartz powder was purchased from Shijiazhuang Borui Building Materials Co., Ltd., 325 mesh; the ball clay was purchased from Hebei Guanchuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd., 600 mesh; and the calcined talc was purchased from Lingshou County Haibin Mineral Products Trading Co., Ltd., 1250 mesh.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze, including the following steps:

[0027] S1. Add 0.22g of graphene oxide and 0.12g of polyethylene glycol to 150mL of deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 10h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide.

[0028] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 1.2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0029] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.45:0.7. The ball milling time is 10 hours and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0030] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above steps.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze, including the following steps:

[0033] S1. Add 0.28g of graphene oxide and 0.14g of polyethylene glycol to 150mL of deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 12h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide.

[0034] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 1.2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0035] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.45:0.7. The ball milling time is 10 hours and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0036] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above steps.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze, including the following steps:

[0039] S1. Add 0.25g of graphene oxide and 0.13g of polyacrylic acid to 150mL of deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 11h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide.

[0040] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 1.2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0041] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.45:0.7. The ball milling time is 10 hours and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0042] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above steps.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze, including the following steps:

[0045] S1. Add 0.22g of graphene oxide and 0.12g of polyethylene glycol to 150mL of deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 10h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide.

[0046] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 2.8 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0047] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.45:0.7. The ball milling time is 10 hours and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0048] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above steps.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze, including the following steps:

[0051] S1. Add 0.22g of graphene oxide and 0.12g of polyethylene glycol to 150mL of deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 10h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide.

[0052] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 40 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 8 parts of sodium feldspar, 25 parts of kaolin, 22 parts of quartz powder, 8 parts of calcined talc, 10 parts of ball clay, 5 parts of barium titanate, 2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.8 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0053] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.45:0.7. The ball milling time is 10 hours and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0054] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above steps.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze, including the following steps:

[0057] S1. Add 0.22g of graphene oxide and 0.12g of polyethylene glycol to 150mL of deionized water, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 10h, centrifuge, collect the precipitate, and dry to obtain modified graphene oxide.

[0058] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 1.2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0059] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.5:1. The ball milling time is 14 hours and the ball milling speed is 380 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0060] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is prepared by the above steps.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] The only difference from Example 4 is that:

[0063] S1. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0064] S2. Add the mixture obtained in S1 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.45:0.7. The ball milling time is 10 hours and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] The only difference from Example 4 is that:

[0067] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 0.8 parts of modified graphene oxide, and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] The only difference from Example 4 is that:

[0070] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 25 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 6 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 6 parts of ball clay, 3 parts of barium titanate, 3.2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.1 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] The only difference from Example 4 is that:

[0073] S2. By weight, thoroughly mix 35 parts of dried potassium feldspar, 5 parts of sodium feldspar, 20 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of quartz powder, 6 parts of calcined talc, 5 parts of ball clay, 8 parts of barium titanate, 1.2 parts of modified graphene oxide and 0.5 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain a mixture.

[0074] Comparative Example 5

[0075] The only difference from Example 4 is that:

[0076] S3. Add the mixture obtained in S2 and water to a ball mill for ball milling. The ratio of mixture, water and ball material is 1:1.3:0.5. The ball milling time is 8 hours and the ball milling speed is 250 r / min. After iron removal and aging, wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze is obtained.

[0077] The wear-resistant electrical porcelain glazes obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were applied and tested as follows: the obtained wear-resistant electrical porcelain glazes were used to apply glazes to electrical porcelain.

[0078] Add the wear-resistant porcelain glaze to 0.7 times its weight of water and stir at 150 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain a glaze slurry. Then, use a spray gun to evenly spray the glaze onto the surface of the porcelain blank (blank dimensions: 100mm long × 100mm wide, thickness 6-10mm) to a glaze thickness of 0.25mm. Fire using a reducing flame at 1250℃ for 3 hours to obtain the glazed porcelain product. The glazed porcelain product is then subjected to the following relevant performance tests:

[0079] 1. Abrasion resistance test: The fired samples were ground at 600 revolutions according to GB / T 3810.7-2006 Ceramic Tile Test Methods Part 7: Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Glazed Tile Surfaces. The mass loss of each sample (5 samples in total) was measured and the average wear value was calculated.

[0080] 2. Resistance to cold and heat: Place the glazed electric porcelain product in an 800℃ oven and keep it at that temperature for 20 minutes. After taking it out, immerse it completely in 5℃ water. Repeat this process and record the highest number of repetitions without cracking.

[0081] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0082] Table 1

[0083] project <![CDATA[Average wear value (mg / cm 2) > Cold and heat resistance (times) Example 1 7.2 27 Example 2 6.9 29 Example 3 7.1 32 Example 4 7.2 30 Example 5 6.8 28 Example 6 7.3 29 Comparative Example 1 13.5 21 Comparative Example 2 8.3 23 Comparative Example 3 8.2 25 Comparative Example 4 7.8 24 Comparative Example 5 7.5 26

[0084] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the wear values ​​of the wear-resistant electrical porcelain glazes obtained in Examples 1-6 are all lower than those of the wear-resistant electrical porcelain glazes in Comparative Examples 1-5, and the highest number of repeated cycles without cracking is also higher in all examples than in Comparative Examples 1-5. Therefore, the wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze provided by this invention has excellent wear resistance and resistance to cold and heat, and its preparation method is simple and easy to operate, showing good prospects for application and promotion.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0086] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for the production of a wear-resistant electrical porcelain enamel, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1, adding graphene oxide and a surfactant into deionized water, stirring, ultrasonic dispersion for 10-12 hours, centrifugal separation, collecting the precipitate, and drying to obtain modified graphene oxide; the surfactant is used to modify the graphene oxide, improve the water dispersibility of the graphene oxide, and make the graphene oxide uniformly dispersed in water without easy aggregation and precipitation; the surfactant is one of polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid and sodium cholate; S2, mixing the dried potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolin, quartz powder, calcined talc, ball clay, barium titanate, modified graphene oxide and dispersant according to weight parts to obtain a mixture; S3, adding the mixture obtained in S2 into a ball mill, performing ball milling, iron removal and aging to obtain a wear-resistant electric porcelain glaze.

2. A method of preparing a wear resistant electrical porcelain enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount ratio of graphene oxide, surfactant and deionized water in S1 is 0.2-0.3 g: 0.12-0.15 g: 150 mL.

3. A method of preparing a wear resistant electrical porcelain enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount ratio of potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, kaolin, quartz powder, calcined talc, ball clay, barium titanate, modified graphene oxide and dispersant is 30-45: 6-10: 20-25: 15-25: 6-8: 6-10: 3-6: 1-3: 0.1-1 by weight.

4. The method for preparing a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant is at least one of trimeric sodium metaphosphate, sodium humate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass.

5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount ratio of the mixture, water and ball material in the ball milling process is 1: 1.4-1.5: 0.7-1.

6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball milling time is 8-14 hours, and the ball milling speed is 300-400 r / min.

7. The method for preparing a wear-resistant electrical porcelain glaze according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene oxide is prepared by the Hummers method.

8. A wear resistant electrical porcelain enamel characterized by, The wear-resistant electric porcelain glaze is prepared by the preparation method in any one of claims 1-7.