A shell-and-tube pure counterflow heat exchanger

Abstract

The application relates to the field of heat exchangers, in particular to a pure counterflow heat exchanger for tube and shell processes, which comprises a front-end tube box, a tube process inlet is fixedly communicated with the outer wall of the top end of the front-end tube box; a fixed tube plate is fixedly communicated with the right end of the front-end tube box; a shell process cylinder is fixedly communicated with the right end of the fixed tube plate, a shell process inlet is fixedly communicated with the top of the right end of the shell process cylinder, a shell process outlet is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the left end of the shell process cylinder; a rear-end tube box is fixedly communicated with the right end of the shell process cylinder; the tube process inlet is arranged at the left end and the tube process outlet is arranged at the right end, so that the same fixed tube plate is prevented from being simultaneously contacted with the inlet medium and the outlet medium and from having an excessively large temperature difference, the heat exchange effect is improved, an expansion joint is further arranged, the tube bundle can freely stretch and shrink along the axial direction, and the axial stress between the tube process and the shell process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchangers, and more particularly to a shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are a common type of heat transfer equipment, typically consisting of two main parts: the shell side and the tube side. The shell side refers to the outer shell of the heat exchanger, while the tube side refers to the internal tubes. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers play an important role in compressed air energy storage and molten salt energy storage, and their heat exchange performance affects the storage efficiency of the entire system.

[0003] According to the invention patent with publication number CN103954153A in the prior art, a multi-pass pure countercurrent shell-and-tube heat exchanger is disclosed, including front and rear tube boxes and a shell side. The shell side consists of shell-side external guide inlet and outlet ends, front tube sheet, rear tube sheet, partition plate, heat exchange tube bundle, baffle rod assembly, and segmented shell. The shell-side external guide inlet and outlet ends are composed of an outer guide cylinder and an inner guide cylinder equipped with a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet. The heat exchange tube bundle passes through the baffle rod assembly and the front and rear tube sheets. The two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle are welded or expanded to the front and rear tube sheets respectively, and are supported in the middle by the baffle rod assembly. The intermediate partition plate is welded to the front tube sheet, the outer guide cylinder, the inner guide cylinder, and the segmented shell.

[0004] In the process of using a shell-and-tube countercurrent heat exchanger for compressed air energy storage and molten salt energy storage systems, in air energy storage, the air is compressed to a pressure of up to 10 MPa and is generally placed on the tube side as a cold fluid, while the water on the shell side that exchanges heat with the air is the hot fluid; while in molten salt energy storage, steam with a pressure of over 10 MPa is placed on the tube side and molten salt is placed on the shell side as a heat medium.

[0005] In both of these operating conditions, the outlet temperature of the cold fluid is higher than that of the hot fluid. The newly introduced air or water vapor is prone to temperature crossover with the air or water vapor that has undergone heat exchange, which leads to a decrease in heat transfer efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger, comprising:

[0008] A front-end pipe box, wherein a pipe inlet is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the front-end pipe box;

[0009] A fixed tube sheet is fixedly connected to the right end of the front-end tube box;

[0010] The shell-side cylinder is fixedly connected to the right end of the fixed tube sheet. The top of the shell-side cylinder near the right end is fixedly connected to the shell-side inlet, and the bottom of the shell-side cylinder near the left end is fixedly connected to the shell-side outlet.

[0011] The rear end tube box is fixedly connected to the right end of the shell-side cylinder, and the right end of the rear end tube box is fixedly connected to the tube-side outlet.

[0012] A floating tube sheet, which is fixedly connected to the shell-side cylinder;

[0013] An internal floating head is fixedly connected to the right end of the floating tube sheet, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the right end of the internal floating head.

[0014] Expansion joint, which is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting pipe, and the right end of the expansion joint is connected to the rear pipe box through an internal flange;

[0015] Several tube bundles, the left end of which is connected to the front-end tube box and the right end of which is connected to the floating tube sheet;

[0016] Specifically, in the existing technology, during the use of a shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger, the outlet temperature of the cold fluid is higher than that of the hot fluid. The newly introduced air or water vapor is prone to temperature crossover with the well-exchanged air or water vapor, which leads to a decrease in heat transfer efficiency. This technical solution can solve the above problem. The specific operation is as follows: the tube-side medium is introduced into the tube-side inlet as the cold fluid, and the shell-side medium is introduced into the shell-side inlet as the hot fluid.

[0017] After entering the tube inlet, the medium moves from left to right through several tube bundles to the tube outlet.

[0018] After entering the shell-side inlet, the shell-side medium flows from right to left to the shell-side outlet. During the flow, the shell-side medium comes into contact with the outer walls of several tube bundles, thus undergoing a heat exchange reaction with the tube-side medium inside the tube bundle. Since the tube-side inlet is on the left and the tube-side outlet is on the right, it can avoid the same fixed tube sheet from contacting the inlet and outlet media at the same time, thus avoiding an excessive temperature difference and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0019] An expansion joint is also provided, which allows the tube bundle to expand and contract freely along the axial direction, reducing the axial stress between the tube and shell sides.

[0020] Preferred options also include:

[0021] A sleeve is slidably connected inside the expansion joint. The left end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting pipe, and an expansion joint is left between the right end of the sleeve and the left end of the internal flange.

[0022] Preferably, the inner diameter of the sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe, and the inner diameter of the sleeve is the same as the inner diameter of the internal flange.

[0023] Preferred options also include:

[0024] Two annular connecting seats are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the expansion joint, and two connecting brackets are arrayed and fixed to the outer walls of the two annular connecting seats.

[0025] A support rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to one of the connecting frames, and the other end of which is slidably connected to another connecting frame at the corresponding position.

[0026] Preferred options also include:

[0027] A pressure sensor, which is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod;

[0028] A pressure spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to a connecting frame and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor;

[0029] An inflatable airbag is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve.

[0030] Preferred options also include:

[0031] A sliding saddle, wherein a track is pre-embedded at the bottom of the sliding saddle, the top of the sliding saddle is fixedly connected to the shell-side cylinder, and rollers are provided at the bottom of the sliding saddle to allow the sliding saddle to slide on the track;

[0032] A fixed saddle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front-end pipe box. A base boss is provided at the bottom of the fixed saddle to support and limit the fixed saddle.

[0033] The fixed tube sheet and the front-end tube box are bolted together via equipment flanges;

[0034] A manhole is provided at the end cap of the front-end pipe box.

[0035] Preferably, the front-end pipe box is provided with a front-end drain port, and the rear-end pipe box is provided with an exhaust port and a rear-end drain port.

[0036] Preferably, two supports are welded to the bottom of the floating tube sheet.

[0037] Preferably, two annular connecting seats are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder, and a first notch is provided at the bottom of each annular connecting seat;

[0038] Two first circular baffles are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular connecting seat;

[0039] Two arc-shaped connecting seats are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder, and one of the arc-shaped connecting seats is located between the two annular connecting seats. The two arc-shaped connecting seats are equidistant from the corresponding annular connecting seats.

[0040] Two second circular baffles, each with a second notch on its top sidewall, and the second notch of the second circular baffle is slidably connected to the arc-shaped connecting seat;

[0041] Several of the tube bundles are fixedly connected to the first circular baffle and the second circular baffle;

[0042] A rotary drive mechanism is used to drive several of the tube bundles to rotate, so that the first circular baffle and the second circular baffle rotate, so that the bottom of the first circular baffle and the second circular baffle form a channel, allowing the shell-side medium to flow out from the shell-side outlet from right to left.

[0043] Preferably, the rotary drive mechanism includes:

[0044] A first circular connecting plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the floating tube plate. An arc-shaped groove is formed on the surface of the first circular connecting plate. A compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove. The other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating tube plate.

[0045] The second circular connecting plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube plate. A driving tube is fixedly connected to the left end of the second circular connecting plate. The outer wall of the driving tube is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped driving grooves. The left end of the arc-shaped driving groove is located at the top of the driving tube, and the right end is located on the side wall of the driving tube. A straight groove is provided at the top left side of the driving tube. The left end of the straight groove passes through the left end of the driving tube, and the right end of the straight groove communicates with the arc-shaped driving groove.

[0046] Two connecting pins, corresponding to the positions of the two straight grooves, are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end pipe box;

[0047] The two ends of the tube bundle are fixedly connected to the first circular connecting plate and the second circular connecting plate, respectively.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] I. By setting the tube inlet on the left end and the tube outlet on the right end, this invention avoids excessive temperature difference caused by the same fixed tube sheet being in contact with the inlet and outlet media at the same time, thereby improving the heat exchange effect. In addition, an expansion joint is also provided to allow the tube bundle to freely expand and contract along the axial direction, reducing the axial stress between the tube and shell sides.

[0050] Second, by setting up a sleeve, the inner wall of the expansion joint becomes smoother. On the one hand, this invention reduces the resistance of the expansion joint to the flow of the medium in the tube, making the flow of the medium in the tube smoother. On the other hand, it reduces the accumulation of impurities on the inner wall of the expansion joint, thereby reducing the difficulty of cleaning. At the same time, an expansion joint is reserved, which will become smaller as the expansion joint contracts.

[0051] Third, by setting a pressure sensor, during the expansion joint contraction process, the support rod slides along the connecting frame, and the pressure value of the pressure sensor increases. When the pressure value of the pressure sensor tends to stabilize, high-temperature gas is sent into the sleeve through an external pumping device, causing the expansion bladder to expand. The expansion bladder fills the remaining expansion joint, making the flow of the medium in the pipe smoother. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the expansion joint, connecting pipe, and internal flange in this invention;

[0054] Figure 3 Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a connection diagram of the expansion joint and the sleeve in this invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a connection diagram of the floating tube sheet and tube bundle in this invention;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the end of the floating tube sheet and the first circular connecting plate in this invention;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a connection diagram of the annular connecting seat and the first circular baffle in this invention;

[0059] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of the arc-shaped connecting seat and the second circular baffle in this invention.

[0060] In the diagram: 1—Manhole, 2—Front-end tube box, 3—Tube-side inlet, 4—Fixed tube sheet, 5—Equipment flange, 6—Shell, 7—Shell-side inlet, 8—Exhaust port, 9—Reverse flange, 10—Rear-end tube box, 11—Tube-side outlet, 12—Front-end drain port, 13—Internal flange, 14—Expansion joint, 15—Connecting pipe, 16—Internal floating head, 17—Floating tube sheet, 18—Guide rail, 19—Tube bundle, 20—Sliding saddle, 21—Shell-side outlet, 22—Fixed saddle, 23—Foundation boss, 24—Rear-end drain port, 25—Sleeve, 26— Expansion joint, 27—ring-shaped connecting seat, 2701—connecting frame, 28—support rod, 29—pressure sensor, 30—pressure spring, 31—inflatable airbag, 32—roller, 33—support platform, 34—ring-shaped connecting seat, 35—first notch, 36—first circular baffle, 37—arc-shaped connecting seat, 38—second circular baffle, 39—second notch, 40—first circular connecting plate, 41—arc-shaped slide groove, 42—compression spring, 43—second circular connecting plate, 44—drive tube, 45—arc-shaped drive groove, 46—connecting pin, 47—straight groove. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 8 The shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger shown includes:

[0063] Front-end pipe box 2, with a pipe inlet 3 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the front-end pipe box 2;

[0064] Fixed tube sheet 4 is fixedly connected to the right end of front tube box 2;

[0065] Shell side cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the right end of fixed tube sheet 4. Shell side inlet 7 is fixedly connected to the top of shell side cylinder 6 near the right end, and shell side outlet 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of shell side cylinder 6 near the left end.

[0066] The rear tube box 10 is fixedly connected to the right end of the shell-side cylinder 6, and the right end of the rear tube box 10 is fixedly connected to the tube-side outlet 11.

[0067] Floating tube sheet 17 is fixedly connected inside the shell-side cylinder 6;

[0068] An inner floating head 16 is fixedly connected to the right end of the floating tube plate 17, and a connecting pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the right end of the inner floating head 16.

[0069] Expansion joint 14 is fixedly connected to the right end of connecting pipe 15, and the right end of expansion joint 14 is connected to the rear pipe box 10 through internal flange 13.

[0070] Several tube bundles 19, the left end of which is connected to the front tube box 2, and the right end of which is connected to the floating tube sheet 17;

[0071] Specifically, in the prior art, during the use of a shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger, the outlet temperature of the cold fluid is higher than that of the hot fluid. The newly introduced air or water vapor is prone to temperature crossover with the well-exchanged air or water vapor, which leads to a decrease in heat transfer efficiency. This technical solution can solve the above problem. The specific operation is as follows: the tube-side medium is introduced into the tube-side inlet 3 as the cold fluid, and the shell-side medium is introduced into the shell-side inlet 7 as the hot fluid.

[0072] After entering the tube inlet 3, the tube-side medium moves from left to right through several tube bundles 19 to the tube outlet 11.

[0073] After entering the shell-side medium at the shell-side inlet 7, it flows from right to left to the shell-side outlet 21. During the flow, the shell-side medium comes into contact with the outer walls of several tube bundles 19, thereby undergoing a heat exchange reaction with the tube-side medium inside the tube bundles 19. Since the tube-side inlet 3 is at the left end and the tube-side outlet 11 is at the right end, it can avoid the same fixed tube sheet from contacting the inlet and outlet media at the same time, thus avoiding an excessive temperature difference, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange effect.

[0074] An expansion joint 14 is also provided, which allows the tube bundle 19 to expand and contract freely along the axial direction, reducing the axial stress between the tube and shell sides.

[0075] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0076] Sleeve 25 is slidably connected inside expansion joint 14. The left end of sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to the right end of connecting pipe 15. An expansion joint 26 is left between the right end of sleeve 25 and the left end of internal flange 13.

[0077] Specifically, because the inner wall of the expansion joint 14 is uneven, air or water vapor is prone to turbulence and impurities can easily accumulate during its flow. By setting the sleeve 25, the inner wall of the expansion joint 14 becomes smoother. This reduces the resistance of the expansion joint 14 to the flow of the medium in the tube, making the flow of the medium in the tube smoother. It also reduces the accumulation of impurities on the inner wall of the expansion joint 14, thus reducing the difficulty of cleaning. At the same time, an expansion joint 26 is reserved, which will shrink as the expansion joint 14 contracts.

[0078] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the sleeve 25 is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 15, and the inner diameter of the sleeve 25 is the same as the inner diameter of the internal flange 13, thereby maintaining a smoother flow of the medium in the pipe.

[0079] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0080] Two annular connecting seats 27 are symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the expansion joint 14. Two connecting brackets 2701 are evenly fixed to the outer wall of the two annular connecting seats 27.

[0081] Support rod 28, one end of which is fixedly connected to one of the connecting frames 2701, and the other end is slidably connected to another connecting frame 2701 at the corresponding position;

[0082] Specifically, by setting the connecting frame 2701 and the support rod 28, the outer wall of the expansion joint 14 is limited, reducing the radial deformation of the expansion joint 14, which helps to maintain a smoother flow of the medium in the pipe.

[0083] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0084] Pressure sensor 29 is fixedly connected to the end of support rod 28;

[0085] A pressure spring 30 is fixedly connected at one end to a connecting bracket 2701 and at the other end to a pressure sensor 29.

[0086] An inflatable airbag 31 is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve 25.

[0087] An annular air groove 2501 is provided inside the sleeve 25, and the inflatable airbag 31 is connected to the annular air groove 2501.

[0088] Specifically, by setting pressure sensor 29, during the contraction of expansion joint 14, the support rod 28 slides along the connecting frame 2701, and the pressure value of pressure sensor 29 increases. When the pressure value of pressure sensor 29 tends to stabilize, high temperature gas is sent into sleeve 25 through external pumping equipment, causing expansion bladder 31 to expand. The expansion bladder 31 fills the remaining expansion joint 26, making the flow of medium in the pipe smoother.

[0089] It should be noted that due to the different heat exchange temperatures during air energy storage and molten salt energy storage, the compression of the expansion bladder 31 will also be different, resulting in different final widths of the expansion joint 26. The air delivery volume can be controlled by the pumping equipment according to the pressure value. The higher the pressure value, the smaller the air delivery volume, and vice versa. This makes it easy to adapt to expansion joints 26 of different widths, thus adapting to both air energy storage and molten salt energy storage.

[0090] It should also be noted that the inflatable airbag 31 is a high-temperature resistant silicone airbag that can withstand temperatures of 200 to 300 degrees Celsius.

[0091] Also includes:

[0092] The sliding saddle 20 has a track 18 pre-embedded at its bottom. The top of the sliding saddle 20 is fixedly connected to the shell cylinder 6. The bottom of the sliding saddle 20 is provided with rollers 32 so that the sliding saddle 20 is slidably connected to the track 18.

[0093] The fixed saddle 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end box 2. The bottom of the fixed saddle 22 is provided with a base boss 23 to support and limit the fixed saddle 22.

[0094] The fixed tube sheet 4 and the front-end tube box 2 are bolted together via the equipment flange 5;

[0095] Manhole 1 is provided at the end cap of front-end pipe box 2;

[0096] Specifically, by setting the sliding saddle 20 and the fixed saddle 22, the front tube box 2 and the shell-side cylinder 6 can be separated, thereby exposing the tube bundle 19 for cleaning.

[0097] As a further embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

[0098] Two annular connecting seats 34 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder 6 in an array. The bottom of the annular connecting seats 34 is provided with a first notch 35.

[0099] Two first circular baffles 36 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular connecting seat 34;

[0100] Two arc-shaped connecting seats 37 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder 6 in an array. One of the arc-shaped connecting seats 37 is located between two annular connecting seats 34. The two arc-shaped connecting seats 37 are equidistant from the corresponding annular connecting seats 34.

[0101] Two second circular baffles 38 are provided, and a second notch 39 is provided on the top side wall of the two second circular baffles 38. The position of the second notch 39 of the second circular baffles 38 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped connecting seat 37.

[0102] Several tube bundles 19 are fixedly connected to the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38;

[0103] A rotary drive mechanism is used to drive several tube bundles 19 to rotate, so that the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 rotate, so that the bottom of the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 form a channel, so that the shell side medium flows out from the shell side outlet 21 from right to left.

[0104] Specifically, by setting a first circular baffle 36 and a second circular baffle 38, after heat exchange is completed, the rotary drive mechanism is activated to rotate the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 90 degrees, so that a channel is formed at the bottom of the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38. At this time, a channel is formed at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 6, so that the shell-side medium in the shell-side cylinder 6 flows out from the shell-side outlet 21 from right to left. When it is necessary to re-enter the heat exchange, the rotary drive mechanism is activated to rotate the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 90 degrees to reset, so that the channel at the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 6 is closed, and the shell-side medium flows from right to left in an S-shape. On the one hand, this extends the contact time between the shell-side medium and the tube-side medium, and on the other hand, it allows the shell-side medium to contact the tube bundle 19 located at the top of the shell-side cylinder 6, which is beneficial to increase the contact area between the shell-side medium and the tube-side medium, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0105] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the rotary drive mechanism includes:

[0106] The first circular connecting plate 40 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the floating tube plate 17. The surface of the first circular connecting plate 40 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 41. A compression spring 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 41. The other end of the compression spring 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating tube plate 17.

[0107] The second circular connecting plate 43 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube plate 4. The left end of the second circular connecting plate 43 is fixedly connected to the driving tube 44. The outer wall of the driving tube 44 is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped driving grooves 45. The left end of the arc-shaped driving groove 45 is located at the top of the driving tube 44, and the right end is located on the side wall of the driving tube 44. The top left side of the driving tube 44 is provided with a straight groove 47. The left end of the straight groove 47 passes through the left end of the driving tube 44, and the right end of the straight groove 47 communicates with the arc-shaped driving groove 45.

[0108] Two connecting pins 46, corresponding to the positions of the two straight grooves 47, are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end pipe box 2;

[0109] The two ends of the tube bundle 19 are fixedly connected to the first circular connecting plate 40 and the second circular connecting plate 43, respectively;

[0110] Specifically, by setting the first circular connecting plate 40 and the second circular connecting plate 43, during the separation of the shell-side cylinder 6 from the front-end tube box 2, the drive tube 44 moves along the inner wall of the front-end tube box 2, causing the connecting pin 46 to move along the arc-shaped drive groove 45. Under the drive of the arc-shaped drive groove 45, the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 rotate 90 degrees, so that the bottom of the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 forms a channel. At this time, the bottom of the shell-side cylinder 6 forms a channel, so that the shell-side medium in the shell-side cylinder 6 flows out from the shell-side outlet 21 from right to left.

[0111] When re-entering the heat exchanger, the shell-side cylinder 6 is aligned with the front-end tube box 2. The drive tube 44 moves along the inner wall of the front-end tube box 2, causing the connecting pin 46 to be inserted from the straight groove 47. Then, it moves along the arc-shaped drive groove 45. Driven by the arc-shaped drive groove 45, the first circular baffle 36 and the second circular baffle 38 rotate 90 degrees to reset, closing the bottom channel inside the shell-side cylinder 6. The shell-side medium flows from right to left in an S-shape.

[0112] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the front-end tube box 2 is provided with a front-end drain port 24, and the rear-end tube box 10 is provided with an exhaust port 8 and a rear-end drain port 12.

[0113] Specifically, by setting up a front drain port 24, an exhaust port 8, and a rear drain port 12, it is beneficial to drain the medium in the pipe and prevent liquid accumulation from causing corrosion.

[0114] As a further embodiment of the present invention, two supports 33 are welded to the bottom of the floating tube sheet 17;

[0115] Specifically, by setting up support 33, the bottom end of support 33 is made to fit and contact the inner wall of shell-side cylinder 6 after the tube bundle 19 is installed in place, preventing the floating end from sinking due to gravity.

[0116] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the shell-side cylinder 6 and the rear-end tube box 10 are connected by a reverse flange 9 to facilitate disassembly, cleaning and maintenance.

[0117] The working principle of this invention is as follows: the tube-side medium is introduced into the tube-side inlet 3 as a cold fluid, and the shell-side medium is introduced into the shell-side inlet 7 as a hot fluid;

[0118] After entering the tube inlet 3, the tube-side medium moves from left to right through several tube bundles 19 to the tube outlet 11.

[0119] After entering the shell-side medium at the shell-side inlet 7, it flows from right to left to the shell-side outlet 21. During the flow, the shell-side medium comes into contact with the outer walls of several tube bundles 19, thereby undergoing a heat exchange reaction with the tube-side medium inside the tube bundles 19. Since the tube-side inlet 3 is at the left end and the tube-side outlet 11 is at the right end, it can avoid the same fixed tube sheet from contacting the inlet and outlet media at the same time, thus avoiding an excessive temperature difference, which is beneficial to improving the heat exchange effect.

[0120] An expansion joint 14 is also provided, which allows the tube bundle 19 to expand and contract freely along the axial direction, reducing the axial stress between the tube and shell sides.

[0121] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A shell-and-tube pure counterflow heat exchanger, characterized by include: Front-end pipe box (2), the top outer wall of the front-end pipe box (2) is fixedly connected to the pipe inlet (3); Fixed tube sheet (4), which is fixedly connected to the right end of the front tube box (2); Shell side cylinder (6), the shell side cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the right end of the fixed tube sheet (4), the top of the shell side cylinder (6) near the right end is fixedly connected to the shell side inlet (7), and the bottom of the shell side cylinder (6) near the left end is fixedly connected to the shell side outlet (21). The rear end tube box (10) is fixedly connected to the right end of the shell-side cylinder (6), and the right end of the rear end tube box (10) is fixedly connected to the tube-side outlet (11). Floating tube sheet (17), which is fixedly connected inside the shell-side cylinder (6); An inner floating head (16) is fixedly connected to the right end of the floating tube plate (17), and a connecting pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the right end of the inner floating head (16). Expansion joint (14), which is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting pipe (15), and the right end of the expansion joint (14) is connected to the rear pipe box (10) through the internal flange (13); Several tube bundles (19), the left end of several tube bundles (19) is connected to the front end tube box (2), and the right end is connected to the floating tube plate (17); Also includes: The sleeve (25) is slidably connected inside the expansion joint (14). The left end of the sleeve (25) is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting pipe (15). An expansion joint (26) is left between the right end of the sleeve (25) and the left end of the internal flange (13). Also includes: Two annular connecting seats (27) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the expansion joint (14), and two connecting frames (2701) are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the two annular connecting seats (27). Support rod (28), one end of which is fixedly connected to one of the connecting frames (2701), and the other end is slidably connected to another connecting frame (2701) at the corresponding position; Also includes: Pressure sensor (29), which is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod (28); A pressure spring (30), one end of which is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (2701) and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (29); An inflatable airbag (31) is fixedly connected to the right end of the sleeve (25). An annular air groove (2501) is provided inside the sleeve (25), and the inflatable airbag (31) is connected to the annular air groove (2501). During the contraction of the expansion joint (14), the support rod (28) slides along the inside of the connecting frame (2701), and the pressure value of the pressure sensor (29) increases. When the pressure value of the pressure sensor (29) tends to stabilize, high-temperature gas is sent into the sleeve (25) through the external pumping device, causing the expansion airbag (31) to expand and fill the remaining expansion joint (26) through the expansion airbag (31).

2. A shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the sleeve (25) is the same as the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (15), and the inner diameter of the sleeve (25) is the same as the inner diameter of the inner flange (13).

3. A shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A sliding saddle (20) has a track (18) pre-embedded at its bottom. The top of the sliding saddle (20) is fixedly connected to the shell cylinder (6). The bottom of the sliding saddle (20) is provided with rollers (32) so that the sliding saddle (20) is slidably connected to the track (18). Fixed saddle (22), the fixed saddle (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end tube box (2), and the bottom of the fixed saddle (22) is provided with a base boss (23) to support and limit the fixed saddle (22); The fixed tube sheet (4) and the front-end tube box (2) are bolted together via the equipment flange (5); A manhole (1) is provided at the end cap of the front end of the pipe box (2).

4. A shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end pipe box (2) is provided with a front end drain port (24), and the rear end pipe box (10) is provided with an exhaust port (8) and a rear end drain port (12).

5. A shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the floating tube sheet (17) is welded with two supports (33).

6. A shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Two annular connecting seats (34) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder (6) in an array. The bottom of the annular connecting seats (34) is provided with a first notch (35). Two first circular baffles (36) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the second annular connecting seat (34); Two arc-shaped connecting seats (37) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder (6) in an array. One of the arc-shaped connecting seats (37) is located between two annular connecting seats (34). The two arc-shaped connecting seats (37) are equidistant from the corresponding annular connecting seats (34). Two second circular baffles (38) are provided with second notches (39) on the top sidewalls of the two second circular baffles (38), and the second notches (39) of the second circular baffles (38) are slidably connected to the arc-shaped connecting seat (37); Several of the tube bundles (19) are fixedly connected to the first circular baffle (36) and the second circular baffle (38); A rotary drive mechanism is used to drive several of the tube bundles (19) to rotate so that the first circular baffle (36) and the second circular baffle (38) rotate, so that the bottom of the first circular baffle (36) and the second circular baffle (38) form a channel, so that the shell side medium flows out from the shell side outlet (21) from right to left.

7. A shell-and-tube pure counter-current heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotary drive mechanism includes: The first circular connecting plate (40) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the floating tube plate (17). The surface of the first circular connecting plate (40) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (41). A compression spring (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove (41). The other end of the compression spring (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the floating tube plate (17). The second circular connecting plate (43) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed tube plate (4). The left end of the second circular connecting plate (43) is fixedly connected to the driving tube (44). The outer side wall of the driving tube (44) is symmetrically provided with arc-shaped driving grooves (45). The left end of the arc-shaped driving groove (45) is located at the top of the driving tube (44), and the right end is located on the side wall of the driving tube (44). The top left side of the driving tube (44) is provided with a straight groove (47). The left end of the straight groove (47) penetrates the left end of the driving tube (44), and the right end of the straight groove (47) is connected to the arc-shaped driving groove (45). Two connecting pins (46) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the front end box (2) at the positions corresponding to the two straight grooves (47); The two ends of the tube bundle (19) are fixedly connected to the first circular connecting plate (40) and the second circular connecting plate (43), respectively.

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