A method for detecting parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a coaxial guide rail

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of parallelism detection between a machine tool spindle and a directional guide rail, and specifically discloses a method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a directional guide rail. The method comprises the following steps: installing an ultrasonic transmitter on the machine tool spindle, and ensuring that the transmitting direction thereof is parallel to the spindle axis; installing ultrasonic receivers at different positions of the directional guide rail, and ensuring that the receiving direction thereof is parallel to the guide rail direction; setting a fixed rotation time, starting the machine tool spindle, and making it run for a fixed rotation time in each rotation combination, and starting the ultrasonic transmitter and the receiver at the same time, collecting the calculated distances of the spindle and each position point of the guide rail after rotation in each rotation combination in real time; calculating the distance change values ​​of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination, and identifying the deviation values ​​of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination; evaluating the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the directional guide rail; and real-time monitoring and adjustment of the parallelism between the spindle and the guide rail, so as to improve the machining accuracy and product quality, and extend the service life of the machine tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of parallelism detection between a machine tool spindle and a co-orbital guide rail, and relates to a method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a co-orbital guide rail. Background Art

[0002] Checking the parallelism between the machine tool spindle and the coaxial guide rail is one of the key steps to ensure the machining accuracy and quality of the machine tool. The machine tool spindle is one of the core components of the machine tool, which directly affects the machining accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece. The guide rail is the basis for supporting and guiding the moving parts of the machine tool, and its straightness and accuracy are related to the motion accuracy of the entire machine tool.

[0003] The parallelism between the spindle and the guide rail is directly related to the machining accuracy of the workpiece. If the spindle and the guide rail are not parallel, the relative position of the tool and the workpiece will be offset during the machining process, causing machining errors. This error may manifest as inaccurate workpiece size, deviation in shape, and reduced surface quality. Especially in high-precision machining, a slight deviation can also lead to unqualified products, affecting production efficiency and product quality.

[0004] The current technology mainly uses laser interferometers to detect the parallelism of the machine tool spindle and the coaxial guide rail, but the laser interferometer has high requirements for environmental conditions. When the laser beam propagates in the air, it is easily affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and air flow. These factors will cause slight changes in the path of the laser beam, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement. In addition, the laser interferometer requires a stable environment during the measurement process, and any vibration or interference will cause measurement errors; while the propagation speed of the ultrasonic transmitter in the solid material is relatively stable and is not easily affected by environmental factors. Ultrasonic measurement technology can maintain high measurement accuracy in relatively harsh environments, especially in the presence of vibration or temperature changes. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a coaxial guide rail, so as to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose and other purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a coaxial guide rail, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Install an ultrasonic transmitter on the machine tool spindle and ensure that its transmitting direction is parallel to the spindle axis; install ultrasonic receivers at different positions on the same guide rail and ensure that its receiving direction is parallel to the guide rail direction;

[0009] Set a fixed rotation time, start the machine tool spindle, and make it run for a fixed rotation time in each rotation combination. At the same time, start the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver to collect the calculated distance between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation in real time;

[0010] Calculate the distance change value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination, and identify the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination;

[0011] Evaluate the parallelism deviation of the machine tool spindle and the corresponding guide rail; and feedback it to the corresponding responsible personnel of the machine tool for corresponding adjustments.

[0012] Exemplarily, each rotation combination is divided into each rotation state and each rotation environment;

[0013] Each rotation state is divided into a high-speed rotation state, a low-speed rotation state and a medium-speed rotation state;

[0014] Each rotation environment is divided into a low-temperature dry environment, a room-temperature equilibrium environment, and a high-temperature moisture absorption environment;

[0015] Each rotation state and each rotation environment are combined in pairs, and repeated combinations are eliminated, thereby obtaining each rotation combination.

[0016] For example, the calculated distances after the rotation of the main shaft and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are collected in real time. The specific collection process is as follows:

[0017] Collect the emission time t' of the ultrasonic transmitter corresponding to the main axis and the receiving time point of the ultrasonic receiver corresponding to each position point of the guide rail , i is the number of each position point, i=1,2,...a;

[0018] And obtain the ambient temperature corresponding to the rotating environment in each rotating combination and ambient humidity , c is the number of each rotation combination, c=1,2,...9;

[0019] By calculating the formula , calculate the predicted distance of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ; exp1, exp2 and exp3 represent preset calculation constants respectively;

[0020] Synchronously collect the spindle speed corresponding to the rotation state in each rotation combination , combined with a comprehensive analysis of the spindle compensation distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination , JL is the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the main axis;

[0021] The spindle compensation distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination is used as the calculated distance after the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are rotated.

[0022] Exemplarily, the spindle distance change value corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating assembly is calculated, and the specific calculation logic is:

[0023] Get the initial coordinates of each position point of the guide rail And the coordinates of the rotation center of the spindle ;

[0024] And get the main axis rotation center point around the rotation axis The degree of rotation to the same straight line as the initial coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination , use the calculation formula to get the rotation matrix of each rotation combination , I is the unit matrix, K is the antisymmetric matrix of the rotation axis, ;

[0025] Calculate the coordinates of the new position points after rotation of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ;

[0026] The calculated distances after rotation between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are imported into the machine tool model to obtain the calculated position point coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation, and the calculated position point coordinates are matched with the new position point coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation to obtain the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation;

[0027] Calculate the distance between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail at the initial moment ;

[0028] Calculate the distance after rotation of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination , is the corrected coordinate of the i-th position point of the guide rail in the c-th rotation combination after rotation;

[0029] Thus, the distance change value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is calculated .

[0030] Exemplarily, the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation are obtained, and the specific acquisition process is:

[0031] If the calculated position point coordinates of a certain position point of a certain rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation do not match the coordinates of the new position point, then the error vector of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation is calculated; wherein the error vector of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation is obtained by subtracting the calculated position point coordinates of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation and the coordinates of the new position point;

[0032] The error model E is obtained by fitting the error vectors of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation;

[0033] The error model is used to calculate the corrected coordinates of each position point on the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation. ;

[0034] If the calculated position point coordinates of a certain position point of a certain rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation match the new position point coordinates, then the new position point coordinates or position point coordinates of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation are arbitrarily selected as the corrected coordinates.

[0035] Exemplarily, the deviation value of each position point of the guide rail in each rotating assembly corresponding to the main axis is identified, and the specific logic is:

[0036] Based on the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination, the position change model of the spindle rotation center point is obtained by using the least squares method. , They represent the model fitting constants of the cth rotation combination respectively;

[0037] And calculate the spindle residual corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ;

[0038] Finally, the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is identified .

[0039] For example, the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the same guide rail is evaluated, and the specific evaluation logic is:

[0040] Calculate the average deviation of the guide rails corresponding to the spindle in each rotating combination , a is the total number of each location point;

[0041] The weighted average deviation value of the corresponding spindle of each rotating combination inner guideway is calculated comprehensively. , represents the weight factor of the cth rotation combination;

[0042] Finally, the parallelism deviation value of the main axis of the machine tool corresponding to the same guide rail is calculated. .

[0043] Exemplarily, the calculation logic of the weight factor of each rotation combination is:

[0044] According to the historical usage data of the machine tool, the usage frequencies of each rotation state and each rotation environment in the corresponding historical usage process of the machine tool are obtained, and they are recorded as and , r represents the number of each rotation state, r=1,2,...3; w represents the number of each rotation environment, w=1,2,...3;

[0045] The corresponding rotation state and rotation environment in each rotation combination are obtained, and the usage frequency of the corresponding rotation state in each rotation combination is multiplied by the usage frequency of the rotation environment, thereby obtaining a weight factor of each rotation combination.

[0046] As described above, the method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a coaxial guide rail provided by the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0047] (1) The present invention provides a method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a co-orbital guide rail, which comprises installing an ultrasonic transmitter on the machine tool spindle and ensuring that its transmitting direction is parallel to the spindle axis; installing ultrasonic receivers at different positions of the co-orbital guide rail and ensuring that its receiving direction is parallel to the guide rail direction; setting a fixed rotation time, starting the machine tool spindle, and making it run for a fixed rotation time in each rotation combination, and simultaneously starting the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver, collecting the calculated distances after the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation in real time; calculating the change value of the spindle distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination, identifying the deviation value of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination; evaluating the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the co-orbital guide rail; and feeding it back to the corresponding responsible personnel of the machine tool for corresponding adjustment; on the one hand, the machining accuracy of the machine tool can be significantly improved. The parallelism between the machine tool spindle and the guide rail is one of the important factors affecting the machining accuracy. When the spindle and the guide rail are not parallel, the machined parts may have size errors or shape errors, resulting in substandard product quality. By real-time monitoring of the parallelism deviation between the spindle and the guide rail and adjusting it in time, it is possible to ensure that the machine tool maintains high precision during the processing process, thereby improving the qualification rate and quality of the product; on the other hand, it can effectively extend the service life of the machine tool. During the long-term use of the machine tool, the parallelism between the spindle and the guide rail may change due to factors such as wear and vibration. If it is not detected and adjusted in time, it may cause excessive wear of the machine tool parts or even failure. By regularly detecting and adjusting the parallelism of the spindle and the guide rail, the wear of the machine tool can be reduced and the occurrence of failures can be avoided, thereby extending the service life of the machine tool and reducing maintenance costs.

[0048] (2) The embodiments of the present invention can improve production efficiency. Traditional machine tool calibration methods usually require downtime, which is time-consuming and affects production progress. By installing ultrasonic transmitters and receivers, the parallelism between the spindle and the guide rail can be monitored and adjusted in real time during the operation of the machine tool, reducing downtime and improving production efficiency. In addition, real-time monitoring can promptly detect and correct deviations, avoid rework or scrap caused by processing errors, and further improve production efficiency.

[0049] (3) Ultrasonic transmitters and receivers can achieve non-contact measurement, avoiding the errors and damage that may be caused by traditional contact measurement methods. At the same time, ultrasonic measurement has high accuracy and stability and can provide reliable data support. By feeding back the test results to the corresponding responsible personnel of the machine tool, automatic adjustment can be achieved, reducing the impact of human factors on the adjustment accuracy, and improving the accuracy and consistency of the adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of each step of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The above contents in combination with the implementation of the present invention are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. The technical personnel in the relevant technical field may make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Example

[0053] See also Figure 1 As shown, a method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a coaxial guide rail comprises the following steps:

[0054] Install an ultrasonic transmitter on the machine tool spindle and ensure that its transmitting direction is parallel to the spindle axis; install ultrasonic receivers at different positions on the same guide rail and ensure that its receiving direction is parallel to the guide rail direction; and calibrate the ultrasonic transmitter and ultrasonic receiver to ensure that the signal transmission between the transmitter and the receiver is correct;

[0055] Most existing detection technologies use laser interferometers, which require a reflective surface during the measurement process, which means that the object to be measured must have good reflective properties. If the surface of the object to be measured is uneven or has poor reflective properties, the measurement accuracy of the laser interferometer will be affected. Ultrasonic transmitters do not have this problem. Ultrasonic waves can penetrate most materials and do not rely on the reflective properties of the surface. Therefore, ultrasonic transmitters can measure on more types of materials and surface conditions, and have a wider range of applications.

[0056] Set a fixed rotation time, start the machine tool spindle, and make it run for a fixed rotation time in each rotation combination. At the same time, start the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver to collect the calculated distance between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation in real time;

[0057] It should be further explained that each rotation combination is divided into each rotation state and each rotation environment;

[0058] Each rotation state is divided into a high-speed rotation state, a low-speed rotation state and a medium-speed rotation state;

[0059] Each rotation environment is divided into a low-temperature dry environment, a room-temperature equilibrium environment, and a high-temperature moisture absorption environment;

[0060] Each rotation state and each rotation environment are combined in pairs, and repeated combinations are eliminated, thereby obtaining each rotation combination.

[0061] It should be further explained that the calculated distances of the main shaft and each position point of the guide rail after rotation in each rotation combination are collected in real time. The specific collection process is as follows:

[0062] Collect the emission time t' of the ultrasonic transmitter corresponding to the main axis and the receiving time point of the ultrasonic receiver corresponding to each position point of the guide rail , i is the number of each position point, i=1,2,...a;

[0063] And obtain the ambient temperature corresponding to the rotating environment in each rotating combination and ambient humidity , c is the number of each rotation combination, c=1,2,...9;

[0064] By calculating the formula , calculate the predicted distance of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ; exp1, exp2 and exp3 represent preset calculation constants respectively; among which, exp takes the value of 331.4, exp2 takes the value of 0.6, and exp3 takes the value of 0.0124.

[0065] The propagation speed of ultrasound in the air is affected by temperature and humidity. The formula can correct the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the rotating environment within each rotation combination;

[0066] Synchronously collect the spindle speed corresponding to the rotation state in each rotation combination , combined with a comprehensive analysis of the spindle compensation distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination , JL is the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the main axis;

[0067] By calculating the spindle rotation speed and the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the spindle, the influence of centrifugal force on the measuring distance is estimated and compensated.

[0068] The spindle compensation distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination is used as the calculated distance after the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are rotated.

[0069] The specific necessity of arranging the above steps is to comprehensively evaluate the behavior and performance of the spindle under different working conditions through tests under various rotation states and environmental conditions, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results; through the real-time data collection of the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver, the distance change between the spindle and the guide rail can be monitored efficiently and accurately, thereby improving the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool.

[0070] Calculate the distance change value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination, and identify the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination;

[0071] It should be further explained that the calculation logic of the change in the spindle distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is as follows:

[0072] Get the initial coordinates of each position point of the guide rail And the coordinates of the rotation center of the spindle ;

[0073] And get the main axis rotation center point around the rotation axis The degree of rotation to the same straight line as the initial coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination , use the calculation formula to get the rotation matrix of each rotation combination , I is the unit matrix, which means that all diagonal elements are 1 and all other elements are 0. K is the antisymmetric matrix of the rotation axis. ;

[0074] Calculate the coordinates of the new position points after rotation of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ;

[0075] The calculated distances after rotation between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are imported into the machine tool model to obtain the calculated position point coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation, and the calculated position point coordinates are matched with the new position point coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation to obtain the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation;

[0076] Calculate the distance between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail at the initial moment ;

[0077] Calculate the distance after rotation of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination , is the corrected coordinate of the i-th position point of the guide rail in the c-th rotation combination after rotation;

[0078] Thus, the distance change value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is calculated .

[0079] It should be further explained that the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation are obtained. The specific acquisition process is as follows:

[0080] If the calculated position point coordinates of a certain position point of a certain rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation do not match the coordinates of the new position point, then the error vector of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation is calculated; wherein the error vector of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation is obtained by subtracting the calculated position point coordinates of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation and the coordinates of the new position point;

[0081] The error model E is obtained by fitting the error vectors of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation;

[0082] The error model can be obtained by fitting a polynomial model;

[0083] The error model is used to calculate the corrected coordinates of each position point on the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation. ;

[0084] By establishing an error model and performing compensation, the system error can be significantly reduced and the data calculation accuracy can be improved;

[0085] Error model It is obtained by comparing the difference between the calculated position point coordinates and the new position point coordinates, and fitting by regression analysis and other methods. This model captures the deviations in the system caused by various factors (such as mechanical errors, environmental changes, rotation angles, etc.). The error model obtained by fitting can effectively describe and predict the error distribution of the system under different conditions.

[0086] From a mathematical point of view, the error modulus is a function that converts the position , rotation angle , temperature T, H and other variables are mapped to the error space. This error vector is added to the original calculated position, that is:

[0087] ;

[0088] In fact, the coordinates of the calculated position point are corrected to the coordinates of the new position point, so that the corrected position is closer to the actual situation.

[0089] If the calculated position point coordinates of a certain position point of a certain rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation match the new position point coordinates, then the new position point coordinates or position point coordinates of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation are arbitrarily selected as the corrected coordinates.

[0090] It should be further explained that the specific logic for identifying the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is as follows:

[0091] Based on the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination, the position change model of the spindle rotation center point is obtained by using the least squares method. , They represent the model fitting constants of the cth rotation combination respectively;

[0092] And calculate the spindle residual corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ;

[0093] Finally, the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is identified .

[0094] By fitting the model to describe the ideal position of the spindle at each position point and calculating the residual between the actual measured value and the fitted value, the deviation of the spindle relative to the guide rail can be effectively captured. The maximum residual represents the maximum deviation of the spindle within the entire measurement range, reflecting the limit of the deviation value.

[0095] Evaluate the parallelism deviation of the machine tool spindle and the corresponding guide rail; and feedback it to the corresponding responsible personnel of the machine tool for corresponding adjustments.

[0096] It should be further explained that the specific evaluation logic for evaluating the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the same guide rail is as follows:

[0097] Calculate the average deviation of the guide rails corresponding to the spindle in each rotating combination , a is the total number of each location point;

[0098] The weighted average deviation value of the corresponding spindle of each rotating combination inner guideway is calculated comprehensively. , represents the weight factor of the cth rotation combination;

[0099] Finally, the parallelism deviation value of the main axis of the machine tool corresponding to the same guide rail is calculated. .

[0100] It should be further explained that the calculation logic of the weight factor of each rotation combination is:

[0101] According to the historical usage data of the machine tool, the usage frequencies of each rotation state and each rotation environment in the corresponding historical usage process of the machine tool are obtained, and they are recorded as and , r represents the number of each rotation state, r=1,2,...3; w represents the number of each rotation environment, w=1,2,...3;

[0102] The corresponding rotation state and rotation environment in each rotation combination are obtained, and the usage frequency of the corresponding rotation state in each rotation combination is multiplied by the usage frequency of the rotation environment, thereby obtaining a weight factor of each rotation combination.

[0103] In actual operation, machine tools will experience various working conditions and environmental conditions, such as different temperatures, humidity, etc. These conditions may affect the relative position between the spindle and the guideway. Therefore, in order to obtain a comprehensive parallelism assessment, it is necessary to measure in multiple conditions.

[0104] By collecting deviation data under multiple states and environments, statistical analysis methods can be used to process these data. Calculating the average is a simple and effective statistical method that can smooth out accidental errors and provide an indicator that reflects the overall trend.

[0105] In actual engineering practice, the parallelism of machine tools is usually not perfect in every state. Therefore, engineers will determine an average value through multiple measurements, which can be used as the actual working standard for the parallelism of machine tools.

[0106] In the quality control process, considering the average deviation value under all possible working conditions and environmental conditions can ensure the performance and reliability of the product in actual use. This method helps to identify possible systematic deviations and provide data support for subsequent use.

[0107] It should be added that the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the co-directional guide rail is obtained. If the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the co-directional guide rail is within the predefined allowable difference range, the machine tool is judged to be a normal machine tool. If the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the co-directional guide rail is not within the predefined allowable difference range, the machine tool is judged to have a fault, and an early warning is sent to the corresponding responsible personnel of the machine tool at the same time, and maintenance is carried out in time.

[0108] The parallelism difference between the machine tool spindle and the corresponding guide rail can have a certain difference range. The existence of this difference range is based on the comprehensive consideration of machine tool performance and processing accuracy. When there is a slight deviation in the parallelism between the spindle and the guide rail, although it may have a certain impact on the processing accuracy, in some cases, this deviation is allowed. For example, when the accuracy of the workpiece positioning and positioning elements is very high, or the workpiece rigidity is very low, over-positioning is allowed, that is, a certain parallelism difference between the spindle and the guide rail is allowed.

[0109] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0110] It should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B only based on A. B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0111] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0112] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a coaxial guide rail, characterized in that: include: Install the ultrasonic transmitter on the machine tool spindle and ensure that its transmitting direction is parallel to the spindle axis; Install ultrasonic receivers at different positions on the same guide rail and ensure that their receiving direction is parallel to the guide rail direction; Set a fixed rotation time, start the machine tool spindle, and make it run for a fixed rotation time in each rotation combination. At the same time, start the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver to collect the calculated distance between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation in real time; Calculate the distance change value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination, and identify the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination; Calculate the change in spindle distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination. The specific calculation logic is: Get the initial coordinates of each position point of the guide rail And the coordinates of the rotation center of the spindle ; And get the main axis rotation center point around the rotation axis The degree of rotation to the same straight line as the initial coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination , use the calculation formula to get the rotation matrix of each rotation combination , I is the unit matrix, K is the antisymmetric matrix of the rotation axis, ; Calculate the coordinates of the new position points after rotation of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ; The calculated distances after rotation between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are imported into the machine tool model to obtain the calculated position point coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation, and the calculated position point coordinates are matched with the new position point coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation to obtain the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation; Calculate the distance between the spindle and each position point of the guide rail at the initial moment ; Calculate the distance after rotation of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination , is the corrected coordinate of the i-th position point of the guide rail in the c-th rotation combination after rotation; Thus, the distance change value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is calculated ; The corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are obtained after rotation. The specific acquisition process is as follows: If the calculated position point coordinates of a certain position point of a certain rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation do not match the coordinates of the new position point, then the error vector of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation is calculated; wherein the error vector of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation is obtained by subtracting the calculated position point coordinates of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation and the coordinates of the new position point; The error model E is obtained by fitting the error vectors of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation; The error model is used to calculate the corrected coordinates of each position point on the guide rail in each rotation combination after rotation. ; If the calculated position point coordinates of a certain position point of a certain rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation match the new position point coordinates, then the new position point coordinates or position point coordinates of the position point of the rotation combination inner guide rail after rotation are arbitrarily selected as the correction coordinates; Identify the deviation value of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination. The specific logic is: Based on the corrected coordinates of each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination, the position change model of the spindle rotation center point is obtained by using the least squares method. , They represent the model fitting constants of the cth rotation combination respectively; And calculate the spindle residual corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ; Finally, the deviation value of the main axis corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination is identified ; Evaluate the parallelism deviation of the machine tool spindle and the corresponding guide rail; and feedback it to the corresponding responsible personnel of the machine tool for corresponding adjustments; Evaluate the parallelism deviation value of the machine tool spindle corresponding to the same guide rail. The specific evaluation logic is: Calculate the average deviation of the guide rails corresponding to the spindle in each rotating combination , a is the total number of each location point; The weighted average deviation value of the corresponding spindle of each rotating combination inner guideway is calculated comprehensively. , represents the weight factor of the cth rotation combination; Finally, the parallelism deviation value of the main axis of the machine tool corresponding to the same guide rail is calculated. .

2. A method for detecting parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a co-axial guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each rotation combination is divided into each rotation state and each rotation environment; Each rotation state is divided into a high-speed rotation state, a low-speed rotation state and a medium-speed rotation state; Each rotation environment is divided into a low-temperature dry environment, a room-temperature equilibrium environment, and a high-temperature moisture absorption environment; Each rotation state and each rotation environment are combined in pairs, and repeated combinations are eliminated, thereby obtaining each rotation combination.

3. A method for detecting parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a co-axial guide rail according to claim 2, characterized in that: Real-time collection of the calculated distances after rotation of each position point between the spindle and the guide rail in each rotation combination. The specific collection process is as follows: Collect the emission time t' of the ultrasonic transmitter corresponding to the main axis and the receiving time point of the ultrasonic receiver corresponding to each position point of the guide rail , i is the number of each position point, i=1,2,...a; And obtain the ambient temperature corresponding to the rotating environment in each rotating combination and ambient humidity , c is the number of each rotation combination, c=1,2,...9; By calculating the formula , calculate the predicted distance of the spindle corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination ; exp1, exp2 and exp3 represent preset calculation constants respectively; Synchronously collect the spindle speed corresponding to the rotation state in each rotation combination , combined with a comprehensive analysis of the spindle compensation distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotating combination , JL is the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the main axis; The spindle compensation distance corresponding to each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination is used as the calculated distance after the spindle and each position point of the guide rail in each rotation combination are rotated.

4. A method for detecting parallelism between a machine tool spindle and a co-axial guide rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation logic of the weight factor of each rotation combination is: According to the historical usage data of the machine tool, the usage frequencies of each rotation state and each rotation environment in the corresponding historical usage process of the machine tool are obtained, and they are recorded as and , r represents the number of each rotation state, r=1,2,...3; w represents the number of each rotation environment, w=1,2,...3; The corresponding rotation state and rotation environment in each rotation combination are obtained, and the usage frequency of the corresponding rotation state in each rotation combination is multiplied by the usage frequency of the rotation environment, thereby obtaining a weight factor of each rotation combination.

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